Volume 12 | Issue 3

 Abstract

This study examines the field of Indian parallel cinema, including its history, development, and influence on Indian film. Parallel cinema, which first arose as a dissident voice against the mainstream Bollywood industry, represents a wide variety of cinematic expressions that put artistic integrity, social relevance, and innovation ahead of business concerns. From its beginnings in the 1950s and 1960s with pioneers like Satyajit Ray, Ritwik Ghatak, and Mrinal Sen to its blooming in the following decades with filmmakers like Shyam Benegal, Mani Kaul, and Adoor Gopalakrishnan, the article analyzes the historical trajectory of parallel cinema. The study clarifies how parallel cinema has tackled urgent social issues, questioned established standards, and contributed to a wider understanding of society through an examination of important films, thematic trends, and stylistic advances.

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Parallel Cinema, socio-cultural significance, aesthetics, artistic integrity

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The increasing interconnection of today's world has led to a significant increase in cyber challenges, posing serious challenges to the established framework of international relations. The goal of this research article is to perform a thorough examination of the complex aspects of cyber security threats and their significant effects on international relation dynamics, state sovereignty, and global stability. The study attempts to provide nuanced insights into the changing environment of cyber threats through a thorough analysis of current cyber occurrences and their worldwide implications. Furthermore, it emphasizes the necessity of increased international cooperation in order to successfully tackle these issues, acknowledging the transnational character of cyber threats that transcend conventional borders. The study aims to provide insightful viewpoints for practitioners, academics, and policymakers in developing more resilient strategies for the dynamic area of international relations as the globe navigates this complex junction of technology and geopolitics

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Cyber security, sovereignty, geopolitics, Cybercrime, national security,solar wind attack

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The estimation of changes in housing prices is often done through house price prediction Because location, area, and population are closely connected with housing price, more information is needed in addition to house price prediction to estimate the cost of a specific home. Many studies have used conventional machine learning techniques to predict home prices effectively, but they seldom address the shortcomings of particular models and often overlook the more sophisticated but less well- liked models. Therefore, this study will use both conventional and sophisticated machine learning techniques to examine the differences between several sophisticated models in order to examine the diverse effects of features on prediction methods. Additionally, a thorough validation of several model implementation strategies on regression will be provided in this study, with positive outcomes. As the purpose of literature is to extract meaningful information from historical property market data. Historical property is assessed with machine learning techniques. exchanges in India to find practical models for home sellers and purchasers. The large disparity between the most expensive homes' pricing is made clear. Furthermore, studies show that the Multiple Linear Regression method, which relies on mean squared error assessment, is competitive.

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Bangalore House price prediction, Machine learning

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???? ????????? ???????????? ??????? ???????? ????? ?????. ??????? ???????. ??????? ??????? ???????. ?? ????? ????????? ??? ???????????? ?????? ???? ???????? ?????? ???????????? ???????? ????? ????? ??????????. ???????? ??? ?????, ???????? ??????????????? ???? ??????? ??????? ?????? ???????????? ???? ??? ??????????? ???????????. ????? ??????? ????????? ????????? ????????? ???????????? ???? ????????????????? ?????? ????????? ???????? ???????????. ??????? ?????????? ???????????? ???? ???? ??????? ??????????? ???????? ??????? ????????????. 1940 ???? ?????? ?? ?????????? ???? ??????? ????????????? ??????. ???????? ???????? ??????????? ????????? ?????????, ????? ??????????? ?????, ????????, ?????????????, ???????, ????????, ??????, ???????, ?????, ?????, ??????, ??????, ??????, ??????, ????????, ???????? ??????? ??? ?????????? ?????????????????? ?????????? ???????????. ? ????? ????????????? ????? ??????, ???????????. ??????? ?????????????? ?????????????? ????????? ????? ????????? ???????. ? ???????? ??????? ???????, ????? ???????, ???????? ??????? ????????? ??????????? ????? ?????? ??????????? ????. ??????? ?????? ????? ?????????? ? ??????? ?????? ?????????? ???????????????. ?????????? ??????? ?????, ???? ?????? ????????????? ????.

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???????????? ?????

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Multi-server authentication systems offer greater value through a single registration, and make it easier to access multiple services from trusted servers through a single agent Traditional registration methods often hinder users due to the burden of remembering multiple passwords from each service provider. Multi-server authentication simplifies this process by enabling real-time client authentication over public channels, increasing the availability of services. With the advent of more multi-server authentication protocols, education continues to search for more efficient and flexible authentication schemes. In this context, we offer anonymous authentication mechanisms designed to mitigate major security threats such as impersonation, insider attacks, and password compromise, all in place in a rational computing system Our approach uses the random oracle model for a more formal security evaluation, compared to existing protocols This comprehensive evaluation, which reveals better performance in terms of computing power, . in terms of communication and storage costs highlights the effectiveness of our proposed scheme in ensuring anonymity and encryption of users especially in multi-server scenarios plant.

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Secure Connections, Anonymity, Peer-to-Peer, Cloud Computing, Privacy Protection, Data Security, Distributed Systems, Confidentiality, Authentication, Trust Management

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Physical fitness is absolutely necessary for a beautiful and happy life. It is not possible for a sick person to complete any work successfully. So it is very important to acquire knowledge about physical education to achieve physical fitness. In ancient times the acquisition of knowledge related to the body was generally valued as physical education. Many times we say, the body is not feeling well, so we don't want to do any work. If the body is healthy, the mind is healthy, if the body is bad, one cannot concentrate on any work. Therefore, it appears that there is a close relationship between body and mind. The ancient adage of 'a healthy mind in a healthy body' has thus proved to be true for all time. Currently, physical education is the integrated achievement of the development of physical organs, mental development, control of emotions and social qualities. A student as a good citizen of the country by acquiring these qualities of physical education.

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Helth, Fitness, Physical, mental, Social, Physical activity, management, Prevention , field

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?? ????? ?? ????? ?? ????? ??????????????? ?? ?????? ????????? ?? ?????? ?? ???????? ??????? ??? ?? ??? ??? ??????? ??????????? ?? ?????, ?????? ?? ?????? ??? ?? ???? ????? ??????? ???? ??? ?? ?????? ???? ?? ??????? ??????????? ?? ??????? ?????? ???? ?? ?? ??? ?? ??????? ???????? ??? ?????? ?????? ??? ?????? ??? ??????? ??????????? ?? ????????: ???? ??? ??????? ??????????? ?? ?????????" ?????? ?? ?? ??????? ?????? ?? ?????? ??????????? ??? ??? ?? ?????? ???, ???? ?????? ?? ??????? ??? ??????? ??????????? ?? ???????? ?? ???????? ???? ??, ?????? ???? ?? ?????? ??? ??????? ??????????? ?? ????????? ????? ???? ???? ?? ?????? ????????, ?????? ???????, ?? ???? ?????????? ?? ??? ?????????? ??????? ?????? ???? ?? ?? ?? ?? ??????? ???????? ?? ??? ????? ???? ???? ?????, ?? ???? ??? ??????? ??????????? ?? ????????? ?? ????? ??? ???? ????? ?? ???????? ?? ?????? ???? ??? ?? ???????? ?? ?? ?? ???????? ??? ????? ????? ??? ??? ?? ???? ????

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??????? ??????????? ( AI), ?????? ??????? , ??????????? ??? , ??????? ???????? , ???? (B.Ed)

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Moving target detection is a critical aspect in various fields such as video surveillance, autonomous vehicles, and military applications. This review explores the advancements and challenges in moving target detection with a focus on techniques based on edge extraction. Edge extraction plays a pivotal role in identifying and tracking moving targets by highlighting significant features in the image or video data. The paper begins by providing an overview of the significance of moving target detection in different domains and the role of edge extraction in enhancing the accuracy and efficiency of detection algorithms. Various edge extraction methods are discussed, including traditional techniques such as Sobel, Canny, and Prewitt, as well as more recent advancements like deep learning-based approaches. A comprehensive analysis of the strengths and limitations of different edge extraction methods is presented, considering factors such as computational complexity, robustness in different environmental conditions, and adaptability to real-time applications. The review also addresses the impact of noise, occlusion, and varying illumination conditions on the performance of edge-based moving target detection algorithms. Furthermore, the paper explores the integration of edge extraction techniques with other computer vision and image processing methods to enhance the overall moving target detection performance. It discusses the potential of combining edge information with motion analysis, object recognition, and machine learning algorithms to achieve more reliable and accurate results. The review highlights recent trends and emerging technologies in moving target detection, emphasizing the role of edge extraction in addressing contemporary challenges. Additionally, it identifies gaps in the current literature and suggests avenues for future research, such as the exploration of hybrid approaches and the development of edge-based algorithms suitable for dynamic and complex scenarios.

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Moving Objects, Canny Edge Detection, Motion Segmentation

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Artificial intelligence (AI) is revolutionizing the business landscape in India, enhancing customer experiences, optimizing campaigns, and driving economic growth. AI provides businesses with deep insights into customer behaviors and market dynamics. AI-driven tools like chatbots and virtual assistants enhance customer service, providing instant, 24/7 support. The implementation of AI is not only transforming business operations but also contributing significantly to India's economic development. The study highlights the importance of AI in business and its contribution to the economic growth and development of the nation.

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Artificial Intelligence, Business Sectors, Marketing, Financial Inclusion.

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In the dynamic landscape of the petrochemical industry, Hindustan Petroleum Corporation Ltd (HPCL) faces various financial challenges influenced by liquidity, leverage, growth, and size. This study aims to analyse the impact of these factors on HPCL's profitability. Drawing from existing literature, which highlights the significance of liquidity and leverage on profitability in various sectors, this study seeks to provide insights specific to HPCL's context. Through a comprehensive review of literature and empirical analysis, this study examines the relationship between liquidity, leverage, and profitability, considering data from 2019 to 2023. Using financial ratios including net profit ratio, gross profit ratio, liquidity ratios, and solvency ratios, the study evaluates HPCL's financial performance over the specified period. Findings indicate commendable profitability growth despite liquidity management challenges and an increasing reliance on debt financing. The study underscores the importance of optimizing liquidity levels, managing leverage prudently, and monitoring external market dynamics for sustaining HPCL's financial resilience. The research contributes to understanding HPCL's financial health and offers recommendations for enhancing its financial performance amidst industry dynamics.

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financial performance, profitability, liquidity, leverage.

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Tropical cyclone intensity estimation is considered to play a vital role in disaster management, accurate and timely estimation of Cyclone intensity is crucial for disaster preparedness and mitigation. The existing system solely relies on a deep learning approach CNN where developing real-time cyclone intensity estimation systems can provide critical information for disaster response and evacuation planning. This requires efficient model architectures and hardware optimization to achieve real-time performance. This project aims at utilizing infrared imagery from INSAT 3D satellite with hybrid models for cyclone intensity estimation, CNN-RNN offer a promising approach to improve cyclone intensity estimation accuracy and address the limitations of individual CNN models. This comprehensive system aims in advanced cyclone forecasting, offering precise predictions of cyclone intensity and associated risks by synergistically incorporating spatial and temporal information.

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CNN, RNN, INSAT, ResNet

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Values and positive attitudes are important aspects of the personality of individuals which influence their thoughts and behaviour; consciously and unconsciously. It is indispensable to develop such values in the students that make them become individuals of sterling character and a responsible member of society. The present study was an attempt to assess the values among the 10th grade students of CBSE schools in Mizoram and find the gender perspective on the values developed. The findings of the study revealed that the 10th grade students of CBSE schools in Mizoram had average level of social values, democratic values, moral values, national and patriotic values, secular values, human values, physical health values, environmental values, and economic values. However, aesthetic values were found to be low among the 10th grade students of CBSE schools in Mizoram. The study did not uncover any gender influence on social values, democratic values, moral values, national and patriotic values, secular values, physical health values, environmental values, economic values and aesthetic values. However, male students were discovered to have higher levels of human values than their female counterparts.

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Values orientation, 10th Grade, CBSE School Students, Gender perspective

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This study aims to completely equate conventional actual, bacterial factual, and bacterial concrete combining fly ash as an additional cementitious material. We will judge each material based on substance, stamina, and self-curative capabilities, referring to practices or policies that do not negatively affect environmental impact, and cost-influence. Concrete samples will be arranged using normal join designs, accompanying bacterial strains for calcium carbonate precipitation, and accompanying fly ash as a prejudiced substitute for cement. We will analyze compressive substances and evaluate self-healing through being able to be seen with eye notes and microscopy. Referring practices or policies that do not negatively affect environmental impact will be evaluated by resolving element emissions, strength devouring, and resource exercise, accompanying cost reasonings for economic practicability. The verdicts will inform tenable creation practices, providing insights into reinforcing actual performance and endurance while underrating material impact.

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Concrete, Bacterial, Fly ash, Durability, Environmental impact

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Intuitionistic fuzzy sets (IFS) provide a mathematical framework for dealing with the uncertainty and ambiguity associated with decision-making. The study meticulously scrutinizes existing similarity measures, offering a detailed overview before introducing and discussing several innovative measures. According to our numerical simulation results, the measures that have been proposed are well suited for the management of logistics and supply chains. The findings attest to their efficacy in fostering swift and accurate decision-making, thereby mitigating the risk of economic losses and instability. Through numerical comparisons, it is possible to determine the effectiveness of the proposed distance and similarity measures over the existing measures in the intuitive fuzzy environment as compared to the suggested measures. This comparative insight serves as a compass for decision-makers seeking optimal solutions amid uncertain conditions. Finally, we demonstrate the application of the suggested measures in patterns recognition, medical diagnosis, and the formulation of multicriteria decision making based on the results obtained.

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Intuitionistic fuzzy sets, Distance & Similarity measures, Pattern recognition and Multi Criteria Decision Making

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From a sociological point of view, it is apparent to see everything in the relationship between society and human beings. As Weber would argue, 'sociology is a science' that attempts the interpretive understanding of social action to arrive at a causal explanation of its course and effects. However, the question is how cinematic action would be considered a social action. In other words, cinematic action is a social activity. To address his question, the psychoanalytic perspective of cinema studies plays an essential role in understanding the actions and reactions of various protagonists within cinema. Without going into more detail about the validity or invalidity of the real-life portrayal of multiple characters, it would be fruitful to come to the point directly. The end of the discussion of this essay is the Bollywood movie KAALA, which was simultaneously released in three languages: Tamil, Telugu, and Hindi. The questions that the paper is trying to answer are (i) how the plot has been executed, (ii) how Iconography has been used for assertion though it is silent, and (iii) how the movie reflects everyday life.

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Caste in Cinema: A Sociological Inquiry of KAALA

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This study examines the impact of emotional stability on the well-being and effectiveness of blockchain developers in Coimbatore City, India. Hypotheses were formulated to investigate the relationships between emotional stability, emotional exhaustion, and key performance indicators among blockchain developers. Data analysis involved percentage analysis, Chi-square analysis, correlation analysis, and regression analysis based on responses from 52 participants. Findings reveal demographic characteristics, educational qualifications, occupational status, work-related factors, stress management methods, and associations between emotional stability, gender, and satisfaction with salary packages. The study provides insights into the challenges faced by blockchain developers and suggests implications for organizational policies and practices aimed at improving workplace satisfaction and performance in the blockchain industry.

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: Emotional exhaustion, Blockchain developers, Stress management methods, Emotional stability, Emotional climate, Self-care practices.

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This project presents the design and implementation of an alcohol detection system with engine locking for vehicles using the MQ3 sensor and Arduino UNO coupled with a GSM and GPS module for location transmission. The system will continuously monitor the level of alcohol concentration using the sensor and, thus, turn off the engine of the vehicle if the alcohol concentration is above the threshold level. The model will also send a message about the whereabouts of the vehicle through SIM800C. This project provides an efficient solution to control accidents due to drunk driving. Alcohol Sensing, Engine Locking, Arduino UNO, MQ3 Sensor, GPS, and GSM

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This project presents the design and implementation of an alcohol detection system with engine locking for vehicles using the MQ3 sensor and Arduino UNO coupled with a GSM and GPS module for location transmission. The system will continuously monitor the level of alcohol concentration using the sensor and, thus, turn off the engine of the vehicle if the alcohol concentration is above the threshold level. The model will also send a message about the whereabouts of the vehicle through SIM800C. Thi

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This comprehensive study delves into the financial performance analysis of MRF Tyres Ltd, a prominent player in the tire manufacturing industry. The investigation encompasses a five-year period from 2019 to 2023, utilizing a mixed-method research design that integrates quantitative and qualitative approaches. The study employs various financial ratios, trend percentages, and statistical measures to assess profitability, liquidity, and operational efficiency. A SWOT analysis identifies strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats, emphasizing the need for strategic planning. This study will provide valuable insights for stakeholders, guiding MRF Tyres Ltd in navigating industry challenges and capitalizing on emerging opportunities for sustainable growth.

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Key Words: Financial Performance Analysis, MRF Tyres Ltd, Mixed-Method Research, Profitability Trends, Liquidity Ratios, Operational Efficiency, SWOT Analysis, Stakeholder Insights, Industry Challenges, Sustainable Growth.

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Patient satisfaction, outpatient department, tertiary hospital, private hospital

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