Volume 12 | Issue 3

 Abstract

The project aims to provide and learning about the various types of steganography available. Image steganography is performed for images and the concerning data is also decrypted to retrieve the message image. Since this can be done in several ways, image steganography is studied and one of the methods is used to demonstrate it.

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mage steganography refers to hiding information i.e. text, images or audio files in another image or video files. The current project aims to use steganography for an image with another image using spatial domain techniqu

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Women's empowerment is a prerequisite for the development of a society because it increases both the quality and quantity of human resources available for development. It is primarily one of the procedural concerns while addressing human rights and development. Women empowerment and achieving gender equality is essential for our society to ensure sustainable development of the country. The status of women in India has been subject to many great changes over the past few millennia. From equal status with men in ancient times, through the low points of the medieval period, to the promotion of equal rights by many reformers. It would be a fraud to think about the goals of sustainable development and gender equality without raising the social status of women. Mahatma Gandhi expressed his views on many issues related to Indian society in particular and humanity in general. He worked not only for the independence of the country but also for the liberation of all the oppressed and lower classes in Indian society and the upliftment of women. According to Mahatma Gandhi, empowerment means giving equal status to women and providing those equal opportunities and freedom to develop. Gandhi had said that "The goal of women empowerment depends on the threefold revaluation. First of all, bring a change in their lives. Secondly, create a change in their lives. Thirdly, change their social structure". The history of women in India has been eventful. In modern India, women have held various high positions including President, Prime Minister, Speaker of the Lok Sabha, Leader of the Opposition, etc. The current President of India is also a woman. In fact, the credit for all this goes to Mahatma Gandhi. It is said that she was the first to include women in the political movement in India. As a mass communicator, he reached and influenced more people than any other leader. Mahatma Gandhi's criticism of social evils, his persistent efforts for the emancipation of women and his immense faith in the moral strength of women led to the national struggle for independence. Gandhi was of the opinion that until and unless women, on the basis of education and knowledge do not find their proper place in social and economic fields, they could not achieve self- respect for themselves. Nor they could become self- dependent in any of the walks of life. In the presented study, an attempt has been made to understand Gandhi's views on women in the context of socio-economic and political fields. The objectives of the present study are to find out what role Gandhi played in the empowerment of women.

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 Keywords

Women Empowerment, Gender Equality, Humanity. Satyagraha, Social Equity, Woman's Rights, Social Injustice.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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This paper presents a method for decoding audience interaction in public speeches using advanced signal processing techniques implemented in MATLAB. By analyzing audience responses such as speech, applause, and laughter in real-time based on spectral and temporal features, the system provides immediate feedback to speakers. Through simultaneous recording of the speaker and audience, nuanced delivery and reactions are captured, enhancing analysis. The process involves noise removal and foreground extraction to isolate significant audience reactions. Thresholding methods identify key responses like applause and laughter, aiding speakers in targeted improvements. The study contributes to refining communication accuracy and event management, benefiting both speakers and researchers in communication disciplines.

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Public Speaking, Machine Learning, Signal Processing, Quality-Aware Techniques, Audience Interaction.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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This paper explores the design, development, and implementation of an innovative Student Attendance App aimed at revolutionizing traditional attendance tracking methods in educational institutions. The app leverages modern technologies such as biometric recognition and QR code scanning to automate and streamline the attendance management process. Key features include real-time monitoring, user-friendly interfaces, and robust security measures. Through a thorough examination of the app's advantages, challenges, and future enhancements, this paper sheds light on its potential to enhance efficiency, accuracy, and communication within educational environments. The findings underscore the significance of embracing technological solutions to address longstanding challenges in attendance tracking, paving the way for a more transparent and connected educational experience.

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 Keywords

Flutter: The framework you're using to develop the mobile app. Student Attendance: The primary purpose of your app. QR Code: If you plan to use QR codes for attendance tracking. Firebase: If you're using Firebase for real-time data synchronization and storage. Authentication: Implementing a secure login system for students and teachers. Geolocation: If you want to track attendance based on the physical location. Push Notifications: To send reminders or alerts about attendance. D

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Abstract Micro and small enterprises have unswervingly had a substantial influence on employment growth and have been an important source of foreign income for the country. It is not only subsidiary to urban workers but also provides livelihoods for people from all walks of life in rural areas. The micro and small industry is the one that engenders the most revenue, but the reason because of the pandemic, the numbers are adverse. Among all the means MSMEs are one of the important resources that the Government has, it is therefore important to understand how the epidemic has affected this sector. Darjeeling, which is popularly known as an important hill tourist spot and extraction of tourists is chosen for the study. The primary data which is the main data source of the study were collected using a structured questionnaire provided to the entrepreneurs, owners and managers of the respective MSEs spread over the Darjeeling district. Secondary data are also collected from the MSME department, Government of West Bengal. Analysis has been made to find out the effect of Covid-19 on micro and small enterprises. SPSS helps to analyze the regression model to verify the level of significance among dependent and independent variables and to determine the factors that impacted its daily existence after the pandemic. The study finds that even after the relaxation of the lockdown this sector, particularly micro industry and self-employed businesses suffered a lot. The study finds that the mainstream of the micro and small units was closed during the COVID-19 era due to financial and various other issues. Even after post-pandemic, many micro and small units are closed and are still hoping to reopen their respective units. More awareness is required for entrepreneurs, particularly from rural and backward areas regarding the benefits and scope of MSME, and State Govt. should take initiatives to shield the revolting Micro and Small Enterprises within the region.

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Keywords: industrialization, education, crisis, pandemic, rural economy, MSME

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The alcohol detection and engine locking system, utilizing an Arduino Uno microcontroller and MQ-3 alcohol sensor, enhances road safety by preventing drunk driving incidents. It detects alcohol in a driver's breath, interfacing with the Arduino Mega to process readings and determine intoxication levels through calibration. Upon surpassing a predefined threshold, the system triggers an engine lock via a solenoid controlled by a relay module, immobilizing the vehicle. A user interface provides real-time feedback, while an override mechanism allows authorized users to temporarily disable the system. Efficient power management and seamless integration into existing vehicle systems are crucial for implementation. By combining accurate detection with an engine lock, this system promotes responsible driving, reduces risks, and creates safer road environments.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Arduino Uno, Alcohol detection, Safety measure

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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This study attention on to examine the AIF that are active in India and to ascertain the guidelines and policies governing Alternative Investment Funds. The study made use of secondary data. Information was gathered from the official sebi.gov.in website. SEBI-published quartile basis report from September, 2012 to December, 2023 has been used in this study. Descriptive statistics and graphical presentations have both been used in this study to interpret the data. This study found that AIF divides into three categories within Social venture funds, SME funds, Infrastructure funds, angel funds, venture capital funds, Fund of Funds, Debt Funds, Private Equity Funds, Hedge funds and PIPE and the SEBI (AIF) Regulations, 2012 and amendment 2023 of the SEBI provide guidance to AIF investors for seamless operations in India.

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Alternative Investment Funds, SEBI, Hedge Funds, Private Equity Funds, Fund of Funds.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Tourism plays a major role in a country's economy. But there is still a lack of a platform that provides personalized information regarding tourist attractions. If there exists a system that can provide personalized accurate information to tourists about local attractions, food, and shopping it will be a huge benefit for tourists. In this project, we are proposing a hybrid approach of recommended systems to recommend tourist attractions for users. This recommendation process involves a combination of both content and collaborative filtering approach. This Hybrid approach avoids the disadvantages in both the methods and provides users with accurate information. To calculate the similarity between items the cosine similarity method is adopted. We have applied a model-based collaborative filtering approach called SVD for better results. The weighted hybridization approach is used to combine the results of both methods. The data of tourist attractions and users have been collected for implementation. This approach has given better results compared to CB and CF filtering methods separately.

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Algorithms, Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, Personalized Travel, Recommendations, Travel

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 Abstract

This paper presents an innovative solution for Monitoring Cardiac disease using Thingspeak App ,Artificial Intelligence and advanced sensors. Users can easily check their ECG readings,Heart Beat and Temparature by staying home.Detecting cardiac diseases early and providing ongoing monitoring by clinicians has the potential to decrease mortality rates. Nevertheless, achieving precise detection of heart conditions in every instance and providing round-the-clock consultation by a physician is impractical due to the additional intelligence, time, and expertise required. An alternative strategy involves gathering data from IoT devices and electronic medical records linked to patient histories, which are then transmitted to predictive analytics platforms stored in the cloud.

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Electrocardiagram(ECG),Remote monitoring,Heartrate,Bloodpressure,EDAsensor, DHT11sensor, Health telemetry

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The literature that represents the life of the Sangam Tamils to us is the Patthuppattu and the Ettuththokai. These eighteen literatures also give us a glimpse of the life-related characteristics of the Sangam Tamils. Tolkappiyam is the first and most complete grammar book available to us. In this Tolkapiya, we can see the war-based norms of the Sangam Tamils in exogamy. In this, Tolkappiyar has laid down seven types of war ethics namely Vetchi, Karanthai, Vanchi, Kanchi, Uzhinai, Thumbai and Vaagai. These rules of war are called dinai. Each flower has been created as a symbol of this dinai. This mountain itself will become the symbol of this chapter. The purpose of this article is to record the arrival pattern of these flowers, which are the symbols of these seven dinai pointed out by Tolkappiyar, in Sangam literature.

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Vetchi, Karanthai, Vanji, Kanji, Uzhinai, Thumbai, Vaagai, Tolkappiyam, Sangam Literature, flower, War

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Capital Adequacy ratio and NPAs are the determinant of Credit risk management.First will discuss about the term "credit risk" describes the risk associated with lending money to a customer who fails to pay the money. If the customer defaults on the loan, the bank will be at threat of losing money since it won't get the principle and interest from the borrower.Nonetheless, the goal of credit risk management is to lower risk by using CRM tools, customer analysis, etc. from Good CRM Losses can be avoided by urban cooperative banks. For this Research paper, the focus has been on urban banks because the researcher has visited a lot of urban cooperative banks, many of which do not have a CRM department. In this research paper the dependent variables are ROA and ROE, while the independent variables include the capital adequacy ratio, non-performing assets etc.In order to examine the relationship between two variables, this study used Pearson correlation.NPA and ROA have a negative relationship. Additionally, negatively connected are NPA and ROE. ROE and CAR have a favorable correlation.

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Key Words: Credit Risk, Credit risk Management, ROA, ROE,NPA, CAR

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Abstract The distinguished Commonwealth Writer Githa Hariharan was born in Coimbatore in 1954. She was raised in Manila and Bombay. In the United States, she earned her B.A. in English from Bombay University and her M.A. in Communications from Fairfield University in Connecticut. Before returning to India, she worked for the Public Broadcasting System in New York. Before writing full-time, she worked as an editor at Bombay, Chennai, and New Delhi publishing houses. Her creations showed how myth, tradition, imagination, and fable have been reinterpreted. Githa Hariharan has significantly contributed to Indian English literature since authorizing several novels and short tales.

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Commonwealth,

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The success and failure of a company is significantly influenced by the employee performance. Therefore it is crucial to regularly study and understand the mindset so it is highly important to study the mind-set of the employee frequently so that the company of employees to drive improvements within the company. In this context, this study conducted a comprehensive analysis of job descriptions at Taha Leather, a prominent company in Vaniyambadi, a rapidly significant emphasis on the role of women employees in the workforce. The researcher collected data from 200 employees through a combined interview and questionnaire method. This study considered various factors to describe the job within the Taha Leather industry. Factor analysis was employed to categorise these factors. The study concluded by identifying and naming the various factors obtained through factor analysis.

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Job Descriptions, Employee performance. Mind-set, Significant influence

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Abstract: A transdermal patch is an adhesive that has been medicated and applied to the skin to transfer a predetermined dosage of medication through the skin and into the bloodstream. Several non-invasive administrations have recently emerged as alternatives to conventional needle injections. TDDS has potential applications not only in the pharmaceutical industry but also in the skincare industry, which encompasses cosmetics. With an average adult's surface area of 2 m^2, the skin receives about 1/3 of the blood that flows through the body. Over the past few decades, the development of controlled medication delivery has gained importance in the pharmaceutical industry. Per square centimetre, there are typically 200-250 sweat ducts and 10-70 hair follicles on the surface of human body.

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KEYWORD: TDDS, the pharmaceutical industry used, skin care.

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Music is a very effective means of boosting mood and reducing stress and anxiety. Music therapy helps in improving wellbeing and mental health. According to the population census, the geriatric population is nearly 149 million in India in 2023, among which one in five suffers from mental health concerns where 75% of them have chronic stress, 50% insomnia symptoms and more than one in ten older adults have major depression. Music therapy is found to be effective in improving mental health and sleep quality among the elderly. The present study aims at evaluating and drawing a comparison between the effect of music therapy on psychological distress and depression among geriatric individuals of West Bengal. 80 geriatric individuals residing in residence and old age home of West Bengal were assessed for the study using the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ) and Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) to measure psychological distress and depression respectively. The major findings of the study reveal that music therapy has an impact on geriatric population. Music therapy have been found to be effective in reducing psychological distress and depression among the participants.

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Geriatric population, psychological distress, depression, music therapy

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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In today's fast-paced world, efficient management of canteens has become crucial to meet the demands for quick service and enhanced user experiences. Traditional manual systems are often plagued by long queues, and a lack of data-driven insights. To address these challenges, we propose a Canteen Automation System that uses mobile technology to streamline operations and provide a friction-less experience for both customers and canteen staff. This system enables users to register online, browse menu, and place orders through a dedicated Android application. It offers advantages such as automated ordering, detailed order summaries, reduced paperwork, and time efficiency. With distinct logins for students, teachers, canteen staff, and administrators, the system provides tailored functionalities to each stakeholder. Additionally, personalized recommendations based on users' order history enhance the overall user experience. In this paper, we present the design and implementation of the Canteen Automation System, outlining its key features and functionalities. We also discuss the benefits it offers to canteen operations and user satisfaction. Furthermore, we explore the potential for future enhancements and research opportunities in the realm of automated food service systems.

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Canteen automation, Online food ordering, Mobile technology, Automated ordering, Personalized recommendations

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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This study has been undertaken to investigate the issues of social outcastes and exclusion in Indian society. India is a hierarchical society. Whether in north India or south India, Hindu or Muslim, urban or village, virtually all things, people, and social groups are ranked according to various essential qualities. Although India is a political democracy, notions of complete equality are rarely witnessed in daily life. Societal hierarchy is evident in caste groups, amongst individuals, and in family and kinship groups. Castes are primarily associated with Hinduism, but caste-like groups also exist among Muslims, Indian, Christians, and other religious communities. Whether it's the most densely populated and less developed state like Bihar or the synonym of literacy champion Kerala; caste system has crept in every nook and corner of society. Arundhati Roy's The God of Small Things is a bitter, poignant portrayal of caste mechanics in so called education paradise of India. Be it the Syrian Christian community or self-acclaimed communists Hindu Brahmins- all seem to bury deep in this Casteopolis or what I prefer to call Castetopia.

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Caste, Exclusion, Social Outcast, Untouchables, Casteopolis

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Mivan technology, also known as Aluminum Formwork System, is a modern construction technique that utilizes aluminum formworks to create cast-in-place concrete structures efficiently. This method replaces traditional formwork made of wood or steel with lightweight and reusable aluminum panels, resulting in faster construction cycles, improved quality, and cost-effectiveness. Mivan technology is widely used in residential, commercial, and industrial projects due to its versatility, speed, and sustainability. Mivan technology used in India and its comparative analysis with conventional formwork with its cost, time and construction efficiency

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Mivan Aluminum sheets, Formwork cost, time, comparison, speed

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

In the current time, the immense growth in population creates hygienic terrain for the cities of the society with respect to the waste generation. This rapid-fire generation of waste leads to colorful contagious conditions in the terrain. As followed by the traditional external system, in our surroundings, we can see over flooding of solid waste in the scrap lockers. Solid waste operation is a vital aspect in traditional systems and it's getting dangerous in utmost populated areas. laborious labor workshop and costs are needed to manage and cover scrap lockers in real time. To maintain the cleanliness of a megacity and for real- time monitoring of trash lockers, a smart caddy medium( SBM) for smart metropolises is proposed in this paper, which is grounded on Artificial Intelligent of effects ( AIoT).The SBM works on the 3R conception, that is, Reduce, Reclaim, and Reuse. The SBM has the access to get real- time information about each caddy and avoid overloading of these lockers (1). The proposed frame reduces the labor cost and saves time and energy of the system. It also reduces the rate of complaint infections by keeping the metropolises clean. Fuzzy sense is used for decision- making in opting applicable locales in the metropolises to install trash lockers. The frame is enforced in the multiagent modeling terrain, that is, Net totem.

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 Keywords

Trash Bin, Smart Cities, SBM

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Intrusion detection systems (IDS) are secure for protecting computer networks, and this study suggests an efficient IDS designed specifically for small to medium-sized networks. The system combines the decision tree algorithm with a machine learning framework by blending traditional anomaly detection with signature-based techniques. This combination provides a comprehensive system for detecting and responding to suspicious activities. The system strikes a compromise between accuracy and resource utilization by using lightweight algorithms and rule-based procedures, with a focus on the decision tree algorithm. The integration improves intrusion detection accuracy and overall system performance. The system's simplicity allows for quick deployment and maintenance, making it an effective solution for network security reinforcement. Testing findings confirm its ability to identify frequent network intrusions, making it a practical and cost-effective security solution for businesses with small to medium-sized networks.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

IDS, LAN network, Machine learning, Decision tree Algorithm, Signature-based detection.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition