Volume 12 | Issue 3

 Abstract

Roland Barthes in his book Mythologies (1957) mentioned that myths are all about countermanding culture into common sense, norms and general opinion. This concept can be taken up to understand how dominant ideology functions. 'Hegemony', like myths, translates the perspective and opinions of the ruling class into common sense. This process is so gradual, natural and apolitical that it seems as if it never happened. The apparatuses that are responsible for this, are termed as 'ideological apparatuses" by Gramsci and one such major apparatus is 'advertisement'. Commercials can be collated into myths where they often resolve social contradictions, provide stringent framework of identity and very strategically celebrate the existing social order. In the technology driven world, advertisements and commercials are present everywhere. It is impossible to imagine contemporary Indian modern society without advertisements. They influence the social behavior of people, shape their opinion about everything from products to politics and impact the public sphere with powerful intensity. At present, they are playing a key role in the ideological transformation of public discourse and acting as a genuine mediator of hegemony. They are changing the contemporary public space, creating a framework of identity and celebrating the dominant. In this process, gender representation is a critical aspect to focus on. The Indian advertising industry has evolved into a humongous zone, modern day adverts have taken a complete makeover and an unceasing narrative of virtual reality led to genesis of characters that seem to belong to a parallel world. The predefined image of males and females represented through advertisements initiates the process of hegemony where these perspectives get transformed into common accepted behavior. Women are always represented in a particular shape, size and color. They, in most of the advertisements are treated as sexual objects whose job is to only woo a man. They are provided space either in a brand promoting domestic chores (dishwash, washing machines, cooking items) or as eye candy. These misrepresentations gradually change the public discourse and make people think along these predetermined lines. Through this paper, I intend to focus on the impact of modern-day advertisements on the public discourse. By taking print, digital and social media advertisement into consideration, the paper will highlight & critically analyze representation of Indian contemporary women in adverts and how these misrepresentations transform contemporary Indian public discourse.

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(Key Words: Commercials, Adverts, Advertisements, Stereotypes, Public Discourse, Media, Women, Sexual Objectification, Hegemony)

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During the Stone Age, the nomadic man was moving from one place to another for the three basic needs of food, clothing and shelter. He faced many obstacles when he got these three requirements. He learned to grow his own food as he was forced to deal with various situations like weather and animals. Realizing that rain and sun are essential for the yield of crops, man worshiped rain and sun as gods. He worshiped as gods the natural forces like the moon that gives light at night, thunder, lightning that creates fear in animals and the fire that he finds. At the time when he lived as an individual and started to live in a community, he worshiped the people who sacrificed their lives to save his community as gods. He took the middle stone and worshiped them. This Nadukal worship has changed from being a major deity worship to a minor deity worship. This article is about such minor deities.

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Deity, worship, Hero stone, inscriptions, Allothesim,

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?????? ?? ???????? ???? ??????? ??? ????? ??? ??????? ???? ???? ???? ??, ????? ?????? ?? ?????? ?? ?? ????? ?? ????? ?? ??? ???? ????? ??? ?????? ?? ?? ???? ??? ????? ????? ??? ?? ?????? ??, ????? ???? ?????? ????? ??????? ??????? ????? ?? ?????? ????? ???? ?? ??? ???? ?????, ???? ?? ?????? ??? ?? ????????? ??????? ?? ???? ?????????? ?? ??? ???? ??????????? ??? ?????? ???? ??? ??????????? ??? ??? ?? ???? ???? ??????? ?? ???? ?? ?? ?? ???? ??-??? ?? ??????? ?? ????? ??? ?? ??????? ???? ???? ??? ??????????? ?? ???? ???? ?? ???????? ??? ??? ?? ???? ?? ??????? ??????????? ???? ?? ?????????? ??????? ?? ?????? ???? ??? ?? ???? ?? ??????????? ?????? ???? ??? ?? ?????? ??? ?? ??? ???????? ??? ??????? ??????? ?? ??? ?????? ??????? ????? ?? ????? ?? ?? ???? ???? ?? ?? ?? ???????? ???? ??? ???? ?? ???????, ???????, ????? ??? ?????????? ????? ?? ????? ???? ??? ?????? ?? ?????? ??? ?? ?? ????? ?? ?????? ????? ???? ??, ?? ???? ??? ???? ??? ?? ?? ???? ??? ??? ?????? ?? ???? ?????, ????? ???? ?? ?? ????? ??? ?? ????? ?? ???? ??? ???? ???? ???????? (????? ???????) ?????? ???? ??? ??? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ???? ?? ????? ??? ?????? ???? ???

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??????????? ,??????????? ??? ??????, ??????? ?????, ?????? ????? ,??????? ?????,??????????? ?????

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COVID-19 -The world has never faced a health crisis that has moved so quickly across continents, overwhelming complex health care systems, and putting entire economies on hold. Despite advances in technology, medicine, and globalization & awareness campaigns, the way governments handle pandemics remains inefficient without thinking about the way the public reacts to them at large. Thus, it is high time to determine the most efficient use of digital communication in these trying times.

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Covid 19, Corona virus, Lockdown, Digital Tools, Digital Communication, Pandemic communication

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The implementation of the Goods and Services Tax has resulted in significant changes to the tax code, compliance requirements, and rates for several industries, including the restaurant and hotel industries. The regulations and rates of GST for restaurants and hotel businesses have undergone numerous changes since the tax's implementation on July 1st, 2017. Before the introduction of the Goods and Services Tax (GST), hotels and restaurants were subject to many indirect taxes. The VAT rate for hotel rooms was around 12% to 14.5% and additionally liable to pay a service charge of 15%. However, for restaurant business service tax rate was 6% and apart from that 12% to 14.5% VAT was levied. At the initial stage of the introduction of GST, the tax rates for restaurant and hotel business were quite high but with time various amendments have been made regarding tax rates and provisions regarding input tax credit and tariff-based GST rates for hotel rooms. This primary data-based study tries to measure the perception of hotel and restaurant owners regarding the impact of Goods and Services Tax on various areas such as taxation, owners and customers of hotels and restaurants, Accounting procedures, and the whole economy from the viewpoint of restaurant and hotel owners in Ahmedabad.

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GST, Taxation, Accounting Procedure, Nation, Economy, Customers

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???????? ?????? '??????? ??? ???????? ????????????? ??? ??????? ???????? ?? ????????? ??????" ???? ??? ??? ???????? ??????? ?? ??? ???????? ?? ??? ??? ???????? ?????????? ?? ?????-???????? ??? ??????? ??? ?????????? ?? ?????? ???? ??? ??????? ???????? ?? ?????? ???? ??? ??????? ?????? ?? ??? ??? ????????? ???? ?? ?????? ???? ??? ??? ????????? ?? ??????? ???? ??? ?? ???????? ???????? ?? 100 ????????????? ?? ??? ????? ???? ???? ???? ???????? ?? ??? ??? ???? ??? ?? ??????? ????? ??? ???????? ??? ??????? ???????? ?? ???? ?????? ???? ???? ??? ??? ??? ????????? ?????? 1 ???????? ?? ???? ??? ???????? ????? ??? ???????? ??? ??????? ???????? ?? ???? ?????? ???? ???? ??? ??? ??? ????????? ?????? 2 ???????? ?? ???? ??? ??????? ??? ???????? ??????? ??? ??????? ???????? ?? ???? ?????? ???? ???? ??? ??? ??? ????????? ?????? 3 ??????? ?? ???? ??? ??????? ??? ???????? ???????? ??? ??????? ???????? ?? ???? ?????? ???? ???? ???? ??? ??? ??? ????????? ?????? 4 ??????? ?? ???? ??? ??????? ??????? ??? ???????? ???????? ??? ??????? ???????? ?? ???? ?????? ???? ???? ??? ??? ??? ????????? ?????? 5 ???????? ?? ???? ??? ??????? ???????? ??? ???????? ??????? ??? ??????? ???????? ?? ???? ?????? ???? ???? ??? ??? ??? ????????? ?????? 6 ???????? ?? ???? ???

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??????? ??? ???????? ????????????? ??? ??????? ???????? ?? ????????? ??????

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Despite signing up to various Acts and Conventions on mental health, the violation of their rights are continuing around the globe. This may be due to the lack of knowledge and faulty attitude of community and also some poor beliefs are contributing to this. Investigator felt that the 3rd year BSc. Nursing students would be the best resource as they will be the future teachers and staff nurses. So by educating these students regarding human rights of mentally ill, the knowledge will be communicated to co workers and students about protection of human rights to mentally ill. It is necessary that everyone should be aware of human rights to mentally ill.. Method: An evaluative approach was adopted for the study with one group pre test post test design. 30 samples were selected using non probability purposive sampling technique and the data was collected using a structured knowledge questionnaire on human rights of mentally ill. The main study was done in Amaltash College of Nursing, Dewas, M.P. Result: Comparison of overall knowledge score in pretest and posttest reveals that BSc. Nursing students are having 39.9% more knowledge in posttest than pretest. This 39.9% of knowledge gain is the net benefit of this study, which indicates the effectiveness of STP. Before the administration of Self Instructional module, 80% of BSc. nursing students had inadequate knowledge, 20% of them had moderate knowledge and none of them had adequate knowledge. After the administration of Structured teaching programme on human rights of mentally ill, none of them had inadequate knowledge, 26.66% of them had moderate knowledge and 73.33% of them had adequate knowledge. Pearson Chi square test was used to test statistical significance; it is statistically significant at 0.01 level. Conclusion: Descriptive and inferential statistics were employed to analyze the data. The data analysis was carried out on the basis of objectives and hypotheses of the study and has been presented on the sample characteristics with their knowledge. The overall pretest scores was 37.4 % and the posttest scores was 76.4%. There was association between posttest knowledge score and selected socio-demographic variables., source of past information, theory classes attended by students are significantly associated with posttest level of knowledge. The independent 't' value was 24.79 % which was greater than the table value at P<0.001 level of significance. This indicated that STP was significantly effective in enhancing the knowledge of BSc nursing students.

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Experimental study, Structure teaching programme, Knowledge, human rights, mentally ill, B.Sc. nursing students.

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?????????? : ????? ????? ??? ?? ??? ????? ???? ????? ?????? ??? ????? ???? '???????'? ?????? ?????? ??????? ??? ??????? ?????? ?????, ?????????? ???? ????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?? '?????????' ?? '???????'-??? ?????? ?????? ????? ????? ???? ????? ???? ?? ???? ???? ???? ??????? ??????? ?????????? ???????? ?? ????? ??????? ?????? ???? ???? '???????' ????????? ?????? ???? ???????, ?????? ??????? ????????, ???????? ??? ??????? ??????? ???????? ?? ???????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ??? ?????? ???????? ?????????? ???????? ???? ?????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ???????? ?????, ??????, ???????, ???????? ?????????? ??????? ???????? ???? ???????? ???????? ??????, ???????? ???? ???? ??????? ????? ???????? ???????? ????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ??? ?????????? ?????? ?????? ????? ?????? ?????? ??? ???????

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????, ???????, ???????, ???????, ??????

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Anxiety is a common behavior found in many students, an anxiety disorder is a type of mental health condition. If you have an anxiety disorder, you may respond to certain things and situations with a fear and dread. The present study investigate the anxiety among X-standards students in relation to Gender, Management and Locality. The objectives of the study are (i) to find out the influence of gender on Anxiety of X standard students; (i) to find out the effect of management on Anxiety of X Standard Students; (iii) to findout the influence of locality on Anxiety of X Standard students. In this study 200 X-standard students selected from Tirupati district of Andhra Pradesh by employing simple random sampling technique. The result revealed that (i) Gender has significant influence on the level of anxiety among X-standard students; (ii) Management has significant influence on the level of anxiety among X standard students; (iii) Locality has significant influence on the level of anxiety among X standard students.

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Anxiety, Gender, Management and Locality

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An abstract of an aptitude test typically summarizes the content, purpose, and format of the test. It may include information about the types of questions or tasks involved, such as numerical reasoning, verbal comprehension, logical reasoning, and spatial awareness. The abstract might also outline the intended audience or target demographic for the test, as well as its importance for assessing skills and abilities relevant to specific fields or positions. Additionally, it may mention any time limits, scoring methods, or other logistical details relevant to test administration.

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"APTITUDE AND APTITUDE MEASUREMENT FROM PAST TO TODAY"

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The global economy has undergone significant upheaval because of globalization, which has also presented several opportunities for businesses and industries. Today's restaurant sector is a heterogeneous blend of different management styles and ownership patterns that provide a range of services. The fundamental product, which is still food and drink, does not change, though. The Indian restaurant business has a bright future because of the rise of weekend culture in metro areas, the rise in the standard of life of individuals in the service class, and the emergence of mall and retail culture. Before selecting a restaurant, patrons typically take several aspects into account. These variables include, but are not limited to, brand name, variety of food offered, flavor, cleanliness, location, charge, payment method, loyalty, and complimentary gifts.

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Keywords: Restaurants, Standard of living, loyalty, retail culture.

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The United Nations Millennium Summit established the eight universal improvement goals for 2015, known as the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), including the promotion of gender equality and women's empowerment as the third goal. These goals are still far from being recognized in a country like India. In actuality, women in India routinely lack access to their basic rights, such as the right to dignity, let alone the issue of gender parity. Empowering women is one of the most critical issues of the twenty-first century. Practically speaking, though, women's empowerment remains a fantasy; we witness daily how a variety of social ills oppress women. A key instrument for increasing women's capacity to have resources and make thoughtful, calculated decisions in life is women's empowerment. Women's empowerment is particularly important when women, traditionally marginalized in society, are working to improve their social and political standing. The first step in protecting kids against all forms of violence and viciousness is empowerment. The secondary resources serve as the study's foundation. According to the survey, Indian women have a considerably lower status than men and are comparatively less zealous, regardless of the government's multiple efforts. It is found that women continue to acknowledge the existence of unfair gender norms in society. The study concludes with the belief that women's empowerment is primarily influenced by changes in social structure, employment opportunities, and access to education. In light of this, the current paper examines the judiciary's role in defending women's rights in India. It specifically focuses on the Supreme Court's role in interpreting international instruments for women's empowerment, the Court's role in protecting crime victims, and the problems and obstacles associated with women's empowerment. The article makes an effort to address the few issues that Indian women experience, such as female feticide, being denied inheritance rights, having to pay a dowry, selling and trafficking in females, etc. This paper aims to advance the methods of empowering women in a manner consistent with that of males.

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Crime against Women, Women Empowerment, Socio-economic status, Challenges

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In an era that is increasingly popular across academic discipline boundaries and interdisciplinary approaches, the concept of multidisciplinary education is emerging as a changing paradigm for developing a holistic learning experience. This article discusses the theoretical foundations, practical applications, and potential implications of multidisciplinary education. By reviewing various case studies and pedagogical frameworks, it explains the role of multi-curricular approaches in fostering critical thinking, creativity, and interdisciplinary collaboration among students. By synthesizing insights from education, psychology, and organizational research, this paper contributes to a deeper understanding of the dynamics and outcomes of multidisciplinary education in contemporary learning environments.

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Keywords: Multidisciplinary education, Interdisciplinary approaches, Holistic learning, Critical thinking, Collaboration

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The study revolves around understanding the financial distress experienced by Jet Airways.This study aims to investigate the factors that contributed to their financial difficulties, the consequences for stakeholders, and potential avenues for recovery. By examining these specific cases, the study seeks to provide insights into the challenges faced by airlines in a competitive industry and identify the key factors that lead to financial distress. Such insights are crucial for developing effective risk management strategies and offering valuable lessons to stakeholders, policymakers, and industry participants in order to mitigate future financial crises. The study's findings will contribute to the body of knowledge on airline financial distress and aid in the development of strategies for the survival and sustainability of airlines in the face of similar challenges.

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Financial Distress, Airlines, jet airways, financial ratios, financial distress models

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The Study Assistant is a novel technological solution designed to ad- dress the common issue of student distraction during study sessions. This study provides an extensive analysis of the development, functionality, and potential impact of the Study Assistant on student motivation and productivity. The Study Assistant leverages facial and eye detection al- girths to monitor students' behavior during study sessions. By accurately identifying instances of closed eyes or signs of disengagement, the system promptly issues alerts and reminders, facilitating the maintenance of focus. Additionally, the assistant incorporates reminders for sedentary breaks and hydration, fostering healthy study habits and mitigating the effects of fatigue. This research paper presents a comprehensive examination of the seamless integration of the Study Assistant prototype, utilizing Raspberry Pi and an array of hardware components. It delves into the implementation of facial and eye detection algorithms and provides a detailed discussion on the recording of study session durations, enabling effective tracking of progress toward predefined goals. The Study Assistant holds considerable potential for enhancing student engagement, minimizing dis- tractions, and promoting optimal study habits. By offering an innovative and supportive solution, this research contributes significantly to the field of educational technology.

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Student Motivation, Facial detection and eye detection, Raspberry Pi, minimizing distractions

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India has been using Ayurveda for health purposes since the time of the Vedic era. It is still one of the most antiquated medical science systems in use today. Given that Ayurvedic medicine uses a large number of medicinal plants, it is crucial to correctly identify the plants that are utilized to make medication. Typically, knowledgeable professionals with advanced training in this sector identify the suitable medicinal plants. From generation to generation, people are passing along their expertise of how to identify these therapeutic herbs. Nonetheless, there is potential for mistakes or poor judgment because the identification is entirely dependent on human perception. The drug becomes useless when the raw components are incorrect or replaced. It may possibly have some adverse consequences.This calls for the development of an effective technique that can correctly identify the Ayurvedic plant from leaf samples. Shape, color, and leaf texture are the primary characteristics that are needed to identify a medicinal plant. Vital characteristics like leaf color and texture can be used to determine the exact species to which a given plant belongs. This will ultimately increase the medication's efficiency. The goal of this research is to develop an intelligent system that, using the input leaf sample as a basis, can identify the species of plant. This study investigates a green leaf's feature vectors in order to derive a special set of feature parameters that optimize identification accuracy. This distinct feature collection serves as the basis for classifying the leaf samples.

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CNN, ANN, Data Augmentation

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21st century is the century of 'science and technology'. The modern technology, a boon for every sector, can be realized in education also. Technology greatly helps individual on the path of academic integration. Academic integration is tied with the status and personal characteristics of an individual that contributes towards an ethical and moral system of the concerned institution. It includes values and norms in each and every academic work which leads to proper functioning of academic institute with ethics and principle which ultimately leads to excellence. The concept of academic integration, evolved from its traditional view of character development, is more a social perspective now. Along with the advancement of science and technology, people are exposed to global world where technology plays an important role in social networking. This paper deals with the influence of science and technology in maintaining academic integration. It focuses on the two fold influence of technology on the educational system and how it ultimately impacts upon academic integrity. The two fold influence includes the factors that foster academic integrity and the factor in the contrary which creates academic dishonesty leads to deterioration of academic integrity. In former case, Technology fosters academic integrity with its wider scope for learning. For instance, information and communication technology provides a large forum in many websites for open discussion to people all over the world who can participate in the forum and put forth their views. In other way, in academic institution, the data base of the information related to all concerned accelerates the academic process in terms of easy access, perseverance and utilization of all information's. In classroom learning, ICT has greater impact in building student's social skills and coherence among the peers and other members of the society through synchronous e- learning where they can avoid the feeling of isolation. In asynchronous learning students can be able to follow the curriculum at their own pace. Ideally effective e-learning, includes synchronous and asynchronous learning, develops honesty, disciplines throughout its procedure. In other way, a proper evaluation can be possible through technology like use of CCTV camera, online assessment etc. Technology also, in other way, if not managed and maintained properly leads to academic dishonesty like plagiarism occurs very easily through the use of technology. As a result less innovation we have in research at present. In asynchronous e-learning also, students have the scope of dishonesty which affects reliability of the test itself as well as of the test result. In spite of having some demerits in use of technology, it's contribution in today's world in maintaining academic integrity is inevitable in terms of developing honesty, disciplines, norms, values and most importantly in developing a perfect system with accuracy, correctness, preciseness, ease of accessibility and maintaining quality which is really can be considered as a boon for academic integrity.

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Academic integrity, Synchronous e- learning, Asynchronous e-learning, Plagiarism, Academic dishonesty.

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This study aims to develop a robust stock market prediction model using a stacked Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) network. The proposed model leverages historical stock prices and financial indicators to forecast future price movements. We compare its performance with existing prediction methods to demonstrate its effectiveness. The results indicate that the stacked LSTM outperforms traditional approaches, yielding higher prediction accuracy. This research contributes to the field of financial forecasting and provides valuable insights for investors and financial analysts seeking improved decision-making tools.

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Machine Learning, Stock Market Prediction, LSTM (Long Short Term Memory), NN (Neural Networks)

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Due to their small size, smartphones offer a convenient way to handle emails, internet access, and mobile calls all in one package. The purpose of this study is to gather data regarding consumer perceptions of Chinese's smartphone brand and the variables influencing their purchasing decisions. The data collected was based on the primary data through structured questionnaire collected from 100 respondents and simple random sampling technique was used to select a sample of representative customers. It is advised that the corporation release a smarter phone with standard quality for the lower classes, as this will enable them to reach a larger consumer base given the enormous number of people in these classes in the nation.

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Chinese's smartphone, Brand, Users.

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The primary goal of any drug delivery system is to administer the medication within a predetermined timeframe and to ensure that a therapeutic dose reaches the intended site of action. Mucoadhesive drug delivery represents a significant advancement in drug delivery systems. These dosage forms are designed to extend the duration of drug contact with mucosal surfaces, leading to benefits such as prolonged residence time, rapid onset of action, enhanced bioavailability, avoidance of hepatic first-pass metabolism, and controlled drug release rates. Mucoadhesive drug delivery can be employed through various routes including buccal, oral, nasal, ocular, gastrointestinal, vaginal, and rectal routes. In this system, the drug adheres to the mucosal epithelial surface upon contact with the mucous layer, facilitated by interfacial forces. Mucoadhesion refers to the mechanism by which two materials are bound together for a specific duration via attractive forces between biological materials and mucous membranes. This review article comprehensively discusses mucoadhesion, encompassing various theories, mechanisms, factors influencing, evaluations, and different forms of mucoadhesive dosage.

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Mucoadhesive, Oral Mucosa, Bioadhesive. Factors and Evaluations

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition