Volume 12 | Issue 3

 Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Diffuse Axonal Injury(DAI) is a severe form of Traumatic Brain Injury(TBI) characterized by widespread damage to axons. While conventional treatments aim to manage acute symptoms, there is limited focus on addressing residual neurological deficits in the long term. In Ayurveda, TBI corresponds to Shiro-marma Abhigata and one among the Nidana of Vata Vyadhi. MATERIALS AND METHOD: This case study was conducted on a 28-year-old female patient who met with a road traffic accident resulting in DAI and severe head injury four years earlier. Since the neurological deficits persisted, the patient underwent a 27-day Ayurvedic treatment which included internal medications and Panchakarma procedures. RESULTS: The functional Independence Measurement(FIM) tool was used for the assessment. The patient improved her cognitive function, motor skills, and emotional well-being throughout the treatment. The FMI score recorded at the baseline and the end of the treatment showed a remarkable difference of 23 units thus improving the patient's QOL. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: Therapeutic procedures such as Mrudhni taila, Madhutailika Basti, and internal medications effectively manage such disabilities. This study highlights the potential of Ayurvedic medicine as an effective and safe integrative approach for palliative management of the residual symptoms due to DAI such as tremors, memory loss, imbalance, and weakness. Thus, personalized and holistic methods of Ayurveda offer a promising avenue for improving the quality of life in individuals with neurological impairments.

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Shiroabhighata, Palliative care, Post Traumatic Care, Rehabilitation in Ayurveda, Case Report

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Twentieth century age witnessed disintegration in ethical, philosophical and religious values in the life of the West. The problems of alienation, fragmentation and anxiety infused the sense of lack of direction and disbelief in the existing values which were aggravated by the deadly World War. T. S. Eliot (1888-1965) as a creator of modern sensibility employs his intellectual bent of mind to give objective expression to the chaos and loss of identity in modern life. He is the watershed of modern literary movement especially in poetry. He employs fragmentation in his poetry to demonstrate the disintegration of the modern European society. He is not pessimistic in showing this, rather he puts across a road map to wriggle out of the painful psychological condition. The present paper traces the process that begins with psychological fragmentation of modern Europe which ends in hope of spiritual renewal and reintegration.

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Fragmentation, alienation, anxiety, disbelief, reintegration, modern sensibility

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Dysfunctional uterine bleeding it includes menorrhagia, metrorrhagia, polymenorrhea, fibroids,The research approach adopted for this study is quantitative approach. The research design adopted for the study was descriptive design . The sample consist of 100 women aged 30-45 years selected at maternity hospital , Tirupathi . The knowledge was assessed by using self structured questionnaire . Booklet was given to the study participants on the same day. The result shows that 50% had inadequate knowledge and 35% had moderate knowledge and 15% had adequate knowledge. The calculated Standard deviation 14.50 mean value(47.31).The result clearly showed that women had lack of knowledge regarding dysfunctional uterine bleeding.

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Assess ,knowledge, Dysfunctional uterine bleeding, women

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Excellent and broad bio-spectrum of amide derivatives has generated an attractive platform for synthetic chemists to introduce structural modification in its nucleus by conventional access to new approaches. A new sequences of various amide derivatives have been design and synthesized. The methodology is proficient and simple to perform, giving the desired amides with excellent yield. An innovative series of four derivatives of amide were synthesized by the condensation of different compound like acetanilide, aniline, sulphanilamide and urea with benzoyl chloride in presence of sodium hydroxide as a catalyst. The reactions steps and the purity of the products were crisscross by using Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC). The chemical structure of final compounds were characterized and inveterate by measuring their melting points, elemental analysis, IR and 1H-NMR. The in-vitro antibacterial activity is done by using disc diffusion methods. The compounds were confirmed at different concentration from 0.02-0.10mg/ml in order to plaid the percentage inhibition of compounds. From the result compounds A1 and A2 presented highly significant activity against gram positive bacteria in comparison to standard sulphanilamide. A preliminary study of antimicrobial activity was performed in which antibacterial activity was done in two strains of bacterial activity was done. The results showed that compounds A1 and A2 have significant antibacterial activity compared with standard drugs and the other tested compounds have moderate to good activity.

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amide, antibacterial activity, antimicrobial activity

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Abstract : Agriculture plays a dominant role in economic development through supplying food for the nation, generating opportunities of employment, and sharing of national GDP as well as providing raw materials for agro based industries. Being the most backward district in the state in terms of agricultural output Dakshin Dinajpur District need a special attention. Because, as compared to the neighbouring districts, Dakshin Dinajpur appears to be good in terms of crop productivity, but at the same time the district is lagging behind so far as the development of agriculture is concerned. The district is predominantly agro based and majority of the people are engaged in agriculture. But the small land holdings hampering the growth in agriculture and allied sectors. Also inadequate management system, low crop diversification, improper crop planning with inadequate irrigation and drainage systems has led to the stagnation in agricultural development. The extent of stagnation in agriculture also varies from one block to another. Thus a spatial analysis of each block was in need to know the exact causes of this agricultural backwardness.Bhatia's method has been used to find out the crop diversification of South Dinajpur. The district also plays an important role in production of commercial crops like jute and food crop production.

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Crops concentration, Crops intensity, Crops Combination, Crops Diversification

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The research approach used for the study was Quantitative approach and its Non-experimental study. The setting of the study was Government Maternity Hospital, Tirupathi and Non probability convenient sampling technique was adopted for selection of the sample In this study out of 100 primi-antenatal mothers. The overall knowledge level of 100 primi-antenatal mothers. Among the sample 8 (8%) had inadequate knowledge with mean 23.75 & SD 1.67, 70(70%) had moderate knowledge with mean 31.07 & SD 2.65, 22(22%) had adequate knowledge with mean 40.45 & 2.54.

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Primi-antenatal mothers, Assess, Knowledge, Child birth preparedness

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Phishing is one of the familiar attacks that detects users to access malicious content and gain their information. Gradient Boosting Classifier is the model we utilised in our suggested strategy to identify phishing websites based on aspects of URL significance. By extracting and comparing different characteristics between legitimate and phishing URLs, the suggested method uses gradient boosting classifier to identify phishing URLs.

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Phishing, Attack , Malicious , Gradient Boosting Classifier , Strategy , URL , Legitimate , Characteristics , Detection

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Due to rapid technological change and globalization, many complex problems have arisen in the economy like unemployment, intense competition etc. And apart from this many opportunities have also been born. It has become necessary to develop and encourage entrepreneurs to fight against these problems and take advantage of the opportunities. To fulfil this objective, a start-up India initiative has been launched. In this paper, we will be studied that how start-up India is encouraging entrepreneurs, whether start-up India has generated employment opportunities or not and what is the present scenario of start-up India initiative in the Indian economy.

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Start-up India , entrepreneurship , encourage of entrepreneurship , Unicorn company

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Environmental and climatic disruption has been apparent with alarming incidences reported from across the globe. It is important to develop strategies to prevent and mitigate the massive devastations caused in recent years including in incidences like the recurrent Amazon Forest fires or the bushfires in Australia. Due to the temperature rise, India has been facing natural disasters including flash floods, tsunamis on the one hand, and issues of drought, unseasonal crop damage, and so on. Added to that is the lack of adequate and 'safe' drinking water, along with the discussions regarding the role of citizens in conserving and preserving biodiversity for reversing this global disparaging trend. This paper takes a look at the entire gamut of issues and challenges from a gender perspective by analysing the existing Biological Diversity Act, 2002 that focuses on the preservation of biological diversity in the country and provides a mechanism for equitable sharing of benefits arising out of the use of traditional biological resources and knowledge. Drawing on the literature, the paper discusses the scope of the Act that mandates mechanisms to respect, protect, and the rights, especially concerning the freedom of end-users which includes women. Additionally, it will touch upon the Amended Biological Diversity Act, of 2023 and the implementation plan as provisioned.

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Environmental Challenges, Gender Rights, Biological Diversity Act-2002, Biodiversity, Land, Water and Forest, secure land rights

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The article aimed to analyse the current trends and prospects in the field of Sustainable Leadership. The relevant literature was extracted from the Scopus database in March 2024 using relevant terms, and the final dataset comprised 142 publications from the period 1998 to 2024. The data was analyzed using the Biblioshiny software of R-Studio. These articles were subjected to bibliometric methods such as performance analysis and science mapping. The study highlighted top authors, top countries, prominent institutions, top-cited journals, and influential research articles in the Sustainable Leadership field. However, our analysis of collaborative scientific production revealed insufficient collaboration by India in the scientific research of Sustainable leadership. Researchers and practitioners will gain knowledge about the development in this area and, the implications and future directions of this study will give insight to contribute further in the area of Sustainable Leadership and Sustainable Development.

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Sustainable leadership, Sustainable leader, Scopus, Bibliometric Analysis

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It is an International organization of non- aligned nations. Who have decided that not in any power block in the world. The Non - Aligned Movement was established in 1961. By 2012 it had 120 members. This organization represents 55 percent of the total population of the world.

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International Universalism, Imperialism, Colonialism, Racism, Color Vedas

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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????? ???? ????????? ?????? ????? ?? ????? ??? ????? ????????? ?? ??? ??? ????? ?????? ??? ??? ? ????????? ?? ???? ?? ????? ?? ?????? ???? ??? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ?? ?????? ?? ???????? ??? ??? ???????? ???? ???? ?????? ??? ?? ????????? ?? ??? ????????? ??? ?? ? ?? ????? ?????? ??? ??? ?? ????? ?????? ?? ?? ???? ????? ???? ???? ??, ????????? ?? ???????? ??????? ?????? ?? ????? ??????? ???? ???????? ??? ?? ?? ??, ??????? ??? ?? ?? ? ???? ????? ?????? ??? ????? ?? ??????????? ???? ???? ?? ???? ?? ???? ????????? ???????? ???, ?? ????? ?? ?????? ?? ????? ?? ????? ???-??? ????? ??? ????? ?? ??? ????? ???? ?? ? ????????? ?? ????? ??? ??????? ???? ??? ?? ??? ?????????? ?? ??? ?????????? ?? ???-??? ???? ??? ????? ????? ?? ?? ??? ??? ?? ????????? ?? ????? ??? ?? ?? ??? ??????? ??? ???? ???? ??? ???? ??? ? ???? ??????? ???? ?? ????? ?? ??? ????? ?? ????? ???? ?? ? ???? ????? ??? ???? ?? ?????? ?? ?????? ?? ??? ????????? ???? ????? ??? ??????? ???? ?? ?????? ?? ???? ??? ??????? ?????????? ?? ????????? ?? ??? ???? ??? ? ????? ?????????? ??? ????????? ?? ????? ???? ??? ?????? ???? ?? ????? ???? ?? ??? ????????? ?? ????? ??? ??? ?? ? ????????? ?? ??????? ??? ???????, ????????, ?????? ?????????? ?? ?????? ??? ?? ? ???? '????????????' ????? ??? ????????? ????????? ?? ?? ???? ?????? ??? ??, ?? ???? ?? ????????????? ?? ??????? ?? ?????? ?? ???? ?????? ????? ?? ? ????????? ???? ?? ?????????? ?? ???????? ?? ?????????? ?????? ?? ?? ????? ??? ??? ? ???? ??????? ????? ?? ?????????? ?? ?????? ?? ????????? ?? ??????? ????? ???????? ???? ?? ??? ???? ??????? ?? ?????????? ?? ??????? ?? ????? ????, ??? ?? ???? ???????? ????? ?? ???????? ???? ?? ? ?????????? ?? ????? ????? ?? ????? ???????? ????????? ?????-???? ?? ???? ?? ??????? ?? ????? ???? ???? ??? ???? ???????? ?? ????? ?? ???? ?? ?? ????? ?? ??????? ???? ?? ? ????????? ?? ????? ???-????? ? ???? ????? ??, ?????? ??????????, ?????????? ?? ?????, ???????????, ????????, ??????????? ????????? ?? ? ?????, ????????? ?? ????? ?? ?????????? ????? ?????? ??, ???? ?? ?????? ???? ?? ? ???? ?????? ?? ?????? ?? ?? ????, ???? ?? ??? ?? ??? ?????? ?? ??????????? ???? ??? ?? ???? ????????? ???? ???, ?? ??????? ???? ?? ???? ???? ??? ?? ??????????????? ?? ??? ??? ?? ?? ??? ????-???? ??? ???? ?? ??? ???? ??????? ?? ???? ?? ? ????????? ?? ??????? ??? ???? ???? ?????? ?? ? ??? ?????? ?????? '?????' ????? ?? ? ???? ??????? ?? ?????? ?? ?? ????????? ???? ?? ????? ???? ??? ? ??? ???? ???? ??????? ??? ???? ?????? ???? ??????? ???? ?? ? ????????? ????? ???? ?? ???? ???? ??? ? ???????? ?????? ???? ?? ?????????, ?????????, ?????????, ?????????, ?? ???? ???? ??? ??? ?? ? ????????? ?? ?????? ?????? ?? ?????? ?? ???? ?? ????, ???? ?? ????? ???? ?? ??? ??? ???? ????????? ?? ???? ????? ?? '?????? ??????' ??? ?? ? ????????? ?? ??????? ?????? ?????? ?? ?????? ???? ??? ? ????? ?? ???? ??? ??? ?? ????? ???? ???? ????? ??? ???? ???? ????? ???? ?? ? ????????? ?? ?????, ?????, ???????? ???? ????? ??? ? ???? ?? ???????? ?????? ?? ??? ???? ???????????? ?????? ?? ??????? ????????? ?? ????? ??? ??? ??? ?? ? ????????? ?? ????? ?? ?????? ??? '????' ?? ?? ???? ??????? ??? ???????? ??????? ?? ?

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????, ???????, ??????????, ????, ??????, ???? ??????

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An Indian classroom is a replica of mini India having students of diverse groups like tribal, linguistic, cultural-religious, marginalized groups, disabled ,immigrants under various ethnic or religious minorities and many more. That being the case it has been a challenge for a language teacher to preserve the pluralistic tradition and to bring the various communities into the main stream society by promoting the spirit of multiculturalism amongst people of sundry gender, caste, class, community, language and religion. Language is an important device to bring unity in diversity, raise national feelings and patriotism among diverse folk. A typical Indian classroom is an outstanding case to feel the smell of multiculturalism inside it and language is the most befitting tool to preserve the culture and minimize the disparities among different cultural elements by disseminating national ideology among all. India having 122 major languages and 1599 other languages is no doubt a salad bowl of varieties of culture. Hence there is a need of research into the world language English, in a country like India, which might bind the divergent cultural assumptions and values, customary behaviors, patterns of thinking and dealing and communicative style. This paper discusses multiculturalism in India, pluralistic situations in Indian classroom and role of English language in preserving multiculturalism.

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Key words: multiculturalism, culture, language, Indian, class, teaching.

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This review paper explores the impact of slight pitch differences on the fatigue life of bolts, a crucial aspect in the design and reliability of bolted joints widely used in engineering applications. Beginning with an overview of the historical context and significance of bolted joints in various industries, the paper delves into the existing literature on the fatigue life of bolts, identifying gaps and emphasizing the importance of studying pitch variations. The methodology section outlines the experimental design, variables, and data analysis techniques employed in investigating the specific influence of slight pitch differences on fatigue life. Results are presented, analyzed, and compared with existing literature, shedding light on the correlation between pitch variations and the endurance of bolted connections. The discussion interprets these findings, addresses limitations, and offers recommendations for further research. This review enhances our understanding of bolted joint behavior, providing valuable insights for engineers and researchers to optimize design practices and ensure the longevity and safety of structures.

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Bolted joints, Experimental design, Fatigue life, Slight pitch difference.

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A comparative study was undertaken with an aim to compare morpho-anatomical characters with special emphasis on trichomes, stomatal index and stomatal patterns in some selected members of the family Sterculiaceae, which may be useful in species identification and to evaluate their significance in the taxonomy of the genus. The different taxa under investigation were Melochia corchorifolia Linn., Sterculia balanghas Linn., Kleinhovia hospita Linn., Guazuma ulmifolia Lamk. and Helicteres isora Linn. Even though this family has many similarities, members show remarkable variations in morphology, anatomy and stomatal index. There is observable difference in morphological features such as presence or absence of staminoids, presence of gynophore/androphore, number and arrangements of stamens etc. A small amount of variation was observed in the anatomy and variations present in the type of trichomes. By evaluating both morphological and anatomical characters the author is of the opinion that the members of the family are distinct morphologically and they show few variations among anatomical features and stomatal index.

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Comparitive morphology,Comparitive anatomy,Sterculiaceae,Stomatal index,Trichome.

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For years, nature has been considered integral to human existence. The world has looked at nature from all perspectives, as a savior, as a destroyer, and even as a divine being. In India, nature has been worshiped profusely; natural elements have been seen as manifestations of legends, myths, and folktales that have been ingrained in the mindset of the Indian population. For instance, rivers like the Brahmaputra, Ganga, and Yamuna all have religious connotations attached to them, apart from being water sources. Similarly, mountains and forests are often associated with stories of divine beings. This research paper aims to look at the representation of nature in north-east Indian literature, specifically the Nagaland region as depicted in Easterine kire's novels when the river sleeps and Son of the Thundercloud, through an ecocritical lens.

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ecocriticism, nature, environment, naga literature, folk narrative

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Counterfeit goods have become increasingly important in the creation of products in recent years. The companies' sales and profit are impacted by this phenomenon. Product counterfeiting is prevented by using a functional block chain technology, which guarantees the identification of genuine products along the supply chain. By employing block chain technology, customers may reliably determine the product's origins without depending on reliable third parties. Any application that makes use of block chain technology as its foundational technology guarantees "tamper-resistant" data content. Considering that a block chain is a distributed, decentralized, digital ledger that keeps track of public transaction records called blocks across numerous databases and networks. The problem of product counterfeiting has been addressed in the past by the development of several techniques. The most popular methods include RFID tags, artificial intelligence, and systems based on QR codes. However, there were a few issues with each of them: artificial intelligence uses CNN and machine learning, which are computationally intensive; a QR code can be copied from a legitimate product and used on a phony one, and some other issues. By tracking the origins of the supply chain, this research aims to improve the detection of counterfeit items. This is made feasible by blockchain technology, which ensures the identification and tracking of authentic products across the supply chain. Everything in a blockchain-based system is decentralized and available to multiple parties at once.

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Blockchain, Counterfeit products, Ethereum, QR code, Supply chain

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HPLC is one of the most important analytical techniques used for both qualitative and quantitative analysis of the compounds. It works on the principle of adsorption where there are two phases one is stationary phase and the other one is the mobile phase. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is in charge of ensuring the security, safety, and efficacy of pharmaceuticals for humans and animals, biological products, medical equipment, food supplies in the country, cosmetics, and radiation-emitting goods in order to safeguard public health. When a medication is approved by the FDA, it indicates that the FDA has concluded that the drug is safe and effective for the intended use. When the medication is taken as prescribed by a licensed professional, its advantages exceed its drawbacks. The present review highlights the HPLC methods developed for recently approved US-FDA drugs.

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HPLC, analytical technique, mobile phase, stationary phase

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: In the contemporary music landscape, it's a fallacy to believe that only those with expert knowledge in music can create high-quality tunes. Music enthusiasts, regardless of their expertise, can produce music that resonates. Music is a universal language that many enjoy, and the advent of automatic music generation stands as a potential revolutionary milestone in the music industry. Traditionally, music was created manually using analog processes. However, recent advancements have seen music production pivot towards digital methodologies, with technology playing a supporting role alongside human creativity. This paper outlines the development of generative neural network frameworks capable of capturing the intricate aspects of harmony and melody autonomously. It provides a concise overview of music's fundamental characteristics, citing relevant sources where necessary. The core aim of the research is to develop a method for generating musical compositions using Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) networks within the framework of Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs). The generated compositions are initially in ABC notation, a method for music representation, which is subsequently transformed into MP3 format for broader accessibility. ABC notation serves as the chosen format for training the model, splitting into metadata that details the characteristics of the music, such as index, time signature, default note length, and tune type, and the actual musical notes represented by a series of characters. The algorithm is designed to master the patterns of monophonic music through a trio of single-layered LSTM networks, showcasing its ability to learn and replicate musical sequences efficiently.

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Music generation - Indian classical music - LSTM (Long Short-Term Memory) - RNN (Recurrent Neural Network) - Machine learning - Deep learning - Neural networks - Data preprocessing - Data augmentation - Feature extraction - Model training - Model evaluation - Music composition - Musical analysis - Melodic patterns - Rhythmic patterns - Tala - Ragas - Gamakas - Alankars - Swaras - Music performance - Music appreciation - Music education

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One species of flowering plant in the spurge family (Euphorbiaceae) is castor (Ricinus communis L.). It started in east Africa and then moved throughout the world's warm temperate, subtropical, and tropical regions. Castor oil is a raw ingredient in this basket. Herbal medicine has grown at an exponential rate in the last few decades. It is applicable to fields such as decorative, industrial, medical, and agriculture. The area of ecological planting technology includes the current invention. It takes medicinal plants to keep people healthy. There are over 7,500 species and 300 genera in the large family Euphorbiaceae. Those are usually the plants that flower. Ricinus communis is the plant that is most valuable to preserve for use in traditional medicine.

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Ricinus communis, basket, and diversified uses.

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