Volume 12 | Issue 3

 Abstract

The friction stir multi-lap welded joint has been created between the sheets of two aluminium Al5052-H32 alloys and the pure copper foil. The values of the shear strengths in the multi-lap weld of dissimilar materials, has been evaluated consisting of a sandwich structure. The sheets used are very thin in terms of thicknesses. The tool material is M2 HSS (High Speed Steel). The design of experiments has been done by following Taguchi method's L9 approach. The ultimate shear strength is determined for all the samples. Microstructure has been evaluated with the scanning electron microscope (SEM) and the optical microscope for the AlA-Cu-AlA sample found to have the highest ultimate shear strength. Also, micro-hardness has been found out for the same. The AlA-Cu-AlA weld having the highest ultimate shear strength was made with the friction stir weld parameters: 800 RPM of tool rotation speed, 5 mm/min of traverse speed & 0.2 mm of the plunge depth. It was also found that the AlA-AlA weld had higher strength than the AlACu-AlA weld for the same set of varying parameters. While dealing with the thin sheets, clamping plays a significant role. The discussed process could be utilised to create the copper cladding over the tubes of aluminium alloys which would make them light weight and excellent heat sinks.

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FSW, Al5052-H32, Copper Foil, Taguchi Method's and SEM.

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This present paper is based on the constructivist approach of learning. Constructivism is a new innovation in educational psychology from 1970. After the end of the cognitive trend constructivism started its journey. There are so many contradictions and criticisms referred to by early behaviorist psychologists but constructivism has reached its dimension overtime. Basically constructivism is a context oriented School of Psychology which indicates the analysis of subjectivity, personal orientation and learner centric approaches of learning. Individuality is the main concern of constructivism. Every person has an already established cognitive construct which is called prior knowledge. Learners construct their own knowledge and understandings, they can make their own world and they actively participate in their learning activity. So we can easily say that constructivism is an innovative School that helps learners to make their own choices, and helps to express their individuality. Facilitative approach of learning is the modern innovation in constructivist paradigm. In other words we can say that it is the application of the approach.

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constructivism ,facilitative learning, divergent thinking, motivation, differentiated instruction

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The primary goal of the current research study is to create an herbal face scrub for purposes of skin protection and attractiveness. Many of the commercially available synthetic facial scrub treatments have a variety of adverse effects but Herbal cosmetics are the most secure products to use on a regular basis with No side effects and non- toxic. Cosmetic are products that affect how the skin functions biologically. Herbal cosmetics are very popular today since they may be used as both cosmetics and treatments. Herbal Products also known as cosmeceuticals. Typically include plant parts that have antibacterial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-ageing, and anti- microbial qualities. In the current study work an herbal facial scrub was created using main active ingredient is basil seeds (ocimum basilicum) and other various herbal Powders, including sandalwood, fullers earth (Multani mitti), neem, turmeric, green tea, liquiorice, Amla etc. As an active component, aloe Vera is used, and rosewater used for perfume. The prepared scrub was evaluated for a variety of physical properties, including appearance, spreadability, extrudability, Ph, stability, grittiness foamability, washability, irritability, and colour, odour, nature etc. The increasing demand for natural and herbal skincare products has led to the exploration of various plant based ingredients. This study focuses on formulating and evaluating an herbal facial scrub using basil seeds, known for their potential skincare benefits. Herbal facial Scrub can help with several skin issues including wrinkles, acne, Blackheads, whiteheads, and they also helps regulate the other secretion from the skin open pores. Additionally, they aid in enhancing the Skin's smoothness. This is a clinical study to assess Tran's dermal safety and herbal formulation efficacy.

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antioxidant, antimicrobial, non - toxic, basil seeds, skin protection

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Sandhi shula (joint pain) is the major symptom in Janu Sandhigatavata (knee OA) which severely disrupts an individual's routine life. Signs and symptoms of Sandhigatavata can be correlated to knee osteoarthritis in contemporary science. People demands pain relief as a primary need from the physician. Hence there is a definite need to look for safe and effective therapies for Pain management free from side effects. Marma Chikitsa is one of the nonpharmacological therapeutic modalities which is believed to be evolved from Dhanurveda, an upaveda of Yajurveda and dealt with art of warfare. Marma chikitsa is based on deep understanding of design and working of human body which utilizes various manipulative techniques to stimulate specific areas of the body for preventive and therapeutic health benefits. Marma Sastram in Ayurveda incorporates both traumatology and therapeutic aspect. Susrutha's version of Marma sastram elaborately explains the traumatological aspects, while Charaka's version explains therapeutic aspect, both can be brilliantly adopted in field of pain management as a quick pain-relieving panacea. Acharya susrutha has also mentioned that Marma is said to cover half of the jurisdiction of surgery. The present study aims to explore the healing potentials of Marma Chikitsa in pain management of Janu Sandhigatavata (knee OA).

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pain management, knee OA, Marma Chikitsa, Janu Sandhigatavata.

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Prevalence of scabies is high among children due to the environmental conditions like civil unrest, overcrowding, poor personal hygiene, poverty and ignorance. of scabies. A quantitative Pre experimental one group pretest and post test design was used to evaluate the effectiveness of structured teaching program on knowledge and knowledge on practice regarding prevention of scabies among 50 mothers of under five children using systematic sampling technique. A structured interview schedule was used to assess the knowledge and knowledge on practice. The obtained ' t ' values for knowledge 15 and knowledge on practice 16 were found significant at P< 0.05 level and revealed that the structured teaching program was significantly effective.

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Key words: Scabies, Knowledge, Practice, structured teaching program

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The purpose of the study is to ascertain the input, process and outcome operating in elementary schools. The research study followed descriptive survey method of research. A sample of four elementary schools under Kujang blocks of Jagatsinghpur district in the state of odisha has been considered for the study. The random sampling technique has been used. The investigators have used school categorization format, observation schedule, information schedule and focus group discussion for collection of relevant data from the schools inorder to elicit the problems and issues

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 Keywords

Analysis, Input, Process, Output, Elementary schools, Problems, Issues

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Customer perception is the awareness, perceptions, and opinions that customers have of your company, goods, and brand. Numerous factors, such as direct and indirect experiences with your services, influence how customers see you. This study aims to investigate how consumers see online purchasing for a specific range of durable goods. It also examines respondents' demographic differences towards Consumer perception towards online shopping. There were four durable products: television, air-conditioner, washing machine and refrigerator were identified to study the perception towards online shopping The data was collected with the help of structured questionnaire through google form by using non-probability convenient sampling technique from 123 respondents of Surat city and analyzed with the help of reliability analysis, Chi-Square test, Factor Analysis and descriptive statistics.

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Online Shopping, Consumer Perception, Consumer Durables

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Artificial intelligence (AI) has been a topic of growing interest, including higher education. This paper seeks to provide an overview of AI in different aspect of its potential opportunities and the presence involvement of in the education system. The researcher applied the analysis technique on the article and the documents. The findings of the study so that AI has the so much potential to revolutionize the education by providing so many opportunities like personalizing teaching, prompt feedback, automated learning automated admission tasks etc. It provides also better assessment system facilitating the knowledge and the skill in education. This investigation provide insight into potential of AI to transform education system to the best position. AI has important implication for policy makers, stakeholders, and educators in the education sector. By application of AI that education system can get more acceleration in its path.

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Artificial Intelligence, Education, Learning and Teaching.

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"Varicosity is the penalty for verticality against gravity".1 The Incidence of Varicose veins is 5% in India and 10-20% in the western world, prevalence of visible varicose veins is between 30-50%2 , especially 25-30% in women, 15% in men3 and increases with age.4 Certain jobs which demand prolonged standing suffer from varicose veins. It also occurs with muscular contractions e.g. Athletes. The treatment for varicose vein includes elastic stockings, elevation of legs, exercises, sclerotherapy and surgical managements like vein ligation, stripping and Endovenous laser treatment. They produce complications like eczema, hemorrhage, hematoma and saphenous nerve irritation. Sclerotherapy often causes deep vein thrombosis, thrombophlebitis, cutaneous ulcerations and stroke. Recurrence rate post surgeries stands between 20-80% .5There is a need of result oriented, cost effective and complication free treatment with less recurrance by acting on Vata and Rakta. Siravyadha and Basti with Bhadradaruvadi gana are the modes of management explained in the classics which can be adopted in the management of Sirajagranthi.6,7 Here, we shall discuss about the role of Siravyadha and Bhadradaruvadi basti in the management of Siraja granthi with special reference to Varicose veins.

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Siraja granthi, Siravyadha, Bhadradaruvadi basti, Varicose veins

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 Abstract

Self-awareness, the ability to accurately perceive and understand oneself, plays a significant role in influencing job satisfaction. Job satisfaction refers to an individual's subjective evaluation of their work experience, encompassing various aspects such as the work environment, tasks performed and relationships with colleagues, and opportunities for growth and development. Understanding the relationship between self-awareness and job satisfaction requires examining how self-awareness impacts different facets of the work experience.

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Self - Awareness, Self-Esteem, job, Satisfaction

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Nanotechnology finds broad applications in biosensing, targeted drug delivery, illness therapy, and environmental protection. One kind of nanostructure that has several uses in the biomedical industry is cross linked nanosponges. They can carry both hydrophilic and hydrophobic medications as payloads and are accessible up to the fourth generation. The production of these nanosponges and the process of loading medications into them are both accomplished through various techniques. Numerous authorized medications, including those for cancer, are already available on the market and are based on nanosponges. Additional uses for nanosponges include topical agents, solubility enhancement, protein carriers, chemical sensors, waste water treatment, and agricultural applications.

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Nanosponges, drug encapsulation, chemical sensors, cancer drug , cyclodextrin.

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Occupational Stress is a negative psychological and physical effects an employee experience due to the responsibilities, environmental or other pressures of the workplace. Stress is a natural human response that prompts us to address challenges and threats in our lives. Everyone experiences stress to some degree. It is a normal reaction the body has when changes occur , resulting in physical, emotional and intellectual responses. In teaching profession, due to many reasons like challenging student behaviours, lack of support from leadership and colleagues, feeling unappreciated societal pressures , difficult parents etc. teachers feel stressed. Here we are trying to analyse the occupational stress among teachers and its effect on teachers' performance. For this study, 260 teachers working at primary , secondary, junior and senior college of Nagpur city were taken as sample. The relationship between occupational stress and teachers performance was derived using Occupational Stress Inventary and IBM SPSS Version 26. The data was analysed using coefficient 'r' to ascertain the relationship. The result reveals that there is no significant relationship between the occupational stress and teachers' performance.

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Occupation, Stress, Teachers, Performance

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This study delves into stakeholder perspectives on the Common Undergraduate Entrance Test (CUET) and its impact on college choices, offering insights crucial for shaping the examination system's future. Survey data unveils a wide array of interests and activities among respondents, reflecting their diverse backgrounds. It also highlights a high CUET awareness level, although opinions on examination center feasibility vary. Students express varying levels of difficulty for CUET, indicating the need for a balanced challenge. The majority sees CUET as offering ample admission opportunities, but improvements may be needed to cater to diverse student needs. The majority finds CUET's admission process student-friendly, with some room for improvement. When choosing colleges, students consider multiple aspects, with most valuing a holistic educational experience encompassing infrastructure, teacher qualifications, co-curricular activities, examination methods, college type, and course variety. These insights underline the importance of flexible, inclusive educational systems meeting diverse student needs and striving for continuous improvement in higher education.

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Common Undergraduate Entrance Test, Admission opportunities, Admission process, Infrastructure, Teacher Qualifications, Co-Curricular Activities, Examination Methods and, College Type.

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In the ever-evolving landscape of real estate, the integration of smart contracts and blockchain technology presents a paradigm shift that promises to revolutionize traditional practices. This research paper delves into the legal intricacies surrounding these technological advancements, dissecting both the challenges and opportunities they bring to the forefront. From the potential for transparent and efficient transactions to the complexities of regulatory compliance, the exploration aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the multifaceted implications. This paper aims to explore the prospective opportunities, challenges, enablers and inhibitors in using blockchain in the real estate sector and the need for a regulatory framework. In the dynamic landscape of technology, Blockchain-enabled Smart Contracts continue to achieve breakthroughs regularly. Despite this progress, significant issues related to their validity and legality remain unresolved, impeding further development. These complexities are attributed to the legal system's reluctance to regulate and surpass the boundaries of traditional contracts. Recognizing the immense potential and functions of this technology from a legal standpoint is crucial, and effective regulation is pivotal for promoting its widespread adoption. The paper delves into this unexplored territory to unveil innovative solutions and necessary legal frameworks for unlocking the true potential of smart contracts and blockchain in the real estate sector.

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Blockchain Technology, Smart Contracts, Immutability, Real Estate, Intermediary, Security and Data Privacy.

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Abstract: The rapid evolution of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) techniques has paved the way for innovative applications across various domains, including human resources and recruitment. This research focuses on the development of a predictive model for campus placement, leveraging AI and ML algorithms to enhance the efficiency of the placement process. The proposed system aims to assist educational institutions and employers in making informed decisions by forecasting the likelihood of a student's success in securing a job during campus placements. The methodology involves the collection of comprehensive data sets, including academic performance, technical skills, extracurricular activities, and other relevant attributes, from previous placement cycles. Feature engineering is employed to extract meaningful patterns and relationships within the data, and a variety of supervised learning algorithms, such as Decision Trees, Support Vector Machines, and Neural Networks, are explored to build the prediction model. The system is designed to offer personalized insights for both students and recruiters. Students can receive feedback on areas of improvement, helping them enhance their employability skills. Recruiters, on the other hand, benefit from a streamlined and data-driven approach to shortlisting candidates, ultimately leading to more efficient and successful placement processes. The research also delves into the ethical considerations surrounding the use of AI in the hiring process, addressing potential biases and ensuring fairness in decision-making. Robust evaluation metrics, including accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 score, are employed to assess the model's performance and reliability. The proposed AI-ML-based campus placement prediction system has the potential to revolutionize the traditional placement process, fostering a more data-driven, transparent, and equitable approach for both educational institutions and employers. The study contributes to the ongoing discourse on leveraging advanced technologies to optimize various aspects of the recruitment ecosystem.

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Artificial Intelligence , Machine Learning , Campus , Placement , Prediction

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The main task of the study was to find out the resemblance of corporeal robustness reputation of rural and urban obese students in Tuticorin. To attain the task of the study 100 male obese student having 30BMI, between the ages of 14 -17 years randomly selected as the subject. The sample consisted of 50 obese from urban and 50obese from rural were selected from the schools in an around tuticorin. A battery of five tests having Harvard Step Test, Zig Zag run, Sit and reach, Shot Put throw and 50 Meter Sprint- was used to collect the required data. The collected data were analyzed by using descriptive and inferential statistics. The 0.5 level significance was fixed to find the significance difference between the rural and urban obese students. The results indicated that in cardio respiratory endurance, agility, flexibility, power and speed rural obese students were significantly different from urban obese students.

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Key Words: Physical Fitness, Male collegiate students, Urban, Rural

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One of the most troublesome parts of coordinating an excursion is choosing where to go in view of the data that is all open on the web and through different sources. It's an issue that past the travel industry Proposal Framework have endeavored to address. The functional and convenience parts of the undertaking, as well as a portion of the more specialized ones, like exactness of the framework, have both had been disregarded. To take care of this issue, a total comprehension of travelers' navigation and new plans empowering their data search is required. A creative human focused the travel industry Suggestion Framework is proposed in this exploration to help voyagers in another city in picking what to see and do. A certifiable informational index is utilized for both expert and functional contemplations. To restrict the quantity of contributions to the framework, the framework is developed using two-steps include choice procedure, and ideas are given utilizing Count Vectorizer and Tfidf Vectorizer Trial proof shows that the monetary the travel industry Proposal Framework can offer vacationer puts that are custom-made to the inclinations of the clients.

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Personalized recommendations, Machine learning algorithms, Travel Planning and User feedback services.

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Obesity is becoming a major issue in everyone's life, In order to control this, one must ensure balanced diet, Intake of healthy food and consuming standard amount of calories per day is mandatory. So that food Recognition and Calorie Estimation are extremely important for overall well-being. This system, which allows end users to upload the food image and displays the estimated calories also nutrient values of that food image. The food Recognition is done by using Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) Model i.e. MobilenetV2. This is a user friendly system, where users can easily interact through the web browser.

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Food Recognition, Calorie Estimation, CNN, MobileNetV2, Deep Learning, NLP

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Language is one of the most fundamental aspects of human communication and plays a crucial role in expressing thoughts, ideas, and emotions. For students, mastering language skills is essential not only for academic success but also for effective communication in various aspects of life. Students need strong language skills to comprehend textbooks, write essays, participate in class discussions, and communicate their understanding of various subjects. Several teachers in India face numerous challenges when it comes to developing language skills in a traditional classroom setup. Art integrated learning, as advocated by the National Education Policy (NEP) 2020, holds immense significance in enhancing students' understanding of concepts across various subjects. This approach recognizes the inherent link between art and cognition, acknowledging that artistic expression can deepen comprehension and foster holistic learning experiences. Art integrated learning has the ability to make abstract concepts more tangible and relatable for the learner. By incorporating art into education, educators can create more engaging, meaningful, and transformative learning environments for students. The researcher conducted a study to gather evidence with these recommendations in mind in teaching topics from Social Studies. The researcher developed a Spontaneous Art Integrated Learning (SAIL) module which proved to be effective by enhancing learning experiences and also improving language skills of the students. The paper throws light on the methodology of the research & its findings.

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Language Skills, spontaneous Art Integrated learning

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Abstract Copyright is a multifaceted legal concept that plays a fundamental role in safeguarding the rights of creators and balancing them with the public interest. This equilibrium is achieved by granting creators exclusive control over their intellectual and artistic works while allowing for specific exceptions and limitations, particularly in the context of educational and scientific endeavors. The time has come to reaffirm the integrity of copyright, which has faced divisive debates in recent years. It is essential to recognize that protecting both creators and consumers of creative works ultimately serves the public interest. This research paper gives an overview into the intricate relationship between creators' interests and the broader public interest, with a specific focus on exceptions to copyright infringement and fair use for educational purposes. It investigates the evolving landscape of copyright exceptions and assesses their current impact. The research problem revolves around the need to attain a balance between copyright protection and the principles of "access" in its various forms. The study examines the evolving nature of copyright exceptions, especially in the realm of educational use, and their implications. It seeks to unravel the complexities arising from the interaction between copyright and other fundamental rights such as privacy, free expression, cultural diversity, cultural development, the right to access information, the right to education, and the emerging right to development. These rights introduce additional layers of complexity and necessitate a delicate equilibrium within the realm of intellectual property protection. Further, this study emphasizes the need to reassess and gain a deeper comprehension of the intricate dimensions of copyright law and its relationship with the wider legal context. It urges for cooperative initiatives aimed at creating well-defined principles and guidelines that both safeguard creators and facilitate education, research, and knowledge accessibility. This collective effort ensures that copyright remains true to its essential purpose of nurturing creativity and the dissemination of knowledge.

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Copyright, Infringement, Fair dealings, Statutory-exceptions, Educational use

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition