Volume 12 | Issue 3

 Abstract

Background: Patients with severe lower back pain who do not respond to nonsurgical treatments for 3-6 months frequently have lumbar spine surgery (LSS). Pain and disability caused by lumbar disc herniation, spondylolisthesis, and stenosis are the most frequent reasons for lumbar surgery. Spinal stabilization exercises (SSE) have been used for a long time. The aim of this review was to verify the effect of SSE in post spinal surgery patients on quality of life, intensity of pain, disability, fear avoidance beliefs. Study selection: This review was conducted on the databases from PubMed, Cochrane library and Google scholar in March 2024. Review included randomized controlled trials that investigated the above-mentioned outcomes and assessed SSE. This study included 7 randomized controlled trials on the effects of spinal stabilization exercises on post spinal surgery patients was performed. Results and Conclusion: Disability and intensity of pain has decreased after SSE. Quality of life and fear related to work and physical activity were improved significantly.

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Rehabilitation, Spinal Stabilization Exercises, Spinal Surgery

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Foreign direct investment (FDI) is an essential component of an open and effective international economic system, as well as a primary force of development. However, the benefits of FDI are not distributed automatically and fairly among countries, sectors, and local communities. The goal of this study was to investigate the role and advantages of FDI in Ethiopia. As a result, we used both primary and secondary data. The sample size for the primary data in the study was 384 respondents. The data was analyzed using descriptive and OLS regression model. As a result, the study found that technology, skill, and knowledge transfer to local employees in foreign firms in Ethiopia was limited because key technical positions were held by foreigner employees. Foreign corporations exhibit little charitable concern since there were no clear policy guidelines and minimal mobilization and coordination by local administrators. Besides, FDI had a positive and significant effect on employment growth. It means that FDI had benefits in terms of reducing unemployment problems, although the salary and incentive packages of foreign firms were not adequate for their local employees to live decent life.

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Technology transfer, Unemployment, Philanthropic concern, Foreign firms and Investment

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Recommender systems are a subclass of information filtering systems. These systems are specialized software components, which usually make part of a larger software system, but can also be standalone tools. A recommender system's main goal is to provide the user software suggestions for items that can be useful. The suggestions are related to different decision-making mechanisms, different techniques, such as, what product to buy, what movie to watch, or what vacation to reserve. In the context of recommender systems, the general term "item" refers to what the system is actually recommending to its users. The paper presents the development and the comparison of multiple recommendation systems, capable of making item suggestions, based on user, item and user-item interaction data, using different machine learning algorithms. Also, the paper deals with finding different ways of using machine learning models to create recommendation systems, training, evaluating and comparing the different methods in order to provide a general but accurate solution for ranking prediction.

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recommendation systems, machine learning algorithms, decision-making mechanisms, ranking prediction.

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The hospital's management system aims for enhanced profitability, administration, and patient care. This research seeks to develop a digital management system to improve hospital effectiveness and integration standards. A module was developed to facilitate tasks such as doctor appointments, lab test booking, pharmacy services, and accessing health programs. Additionally, an admin handling component allows administrators to manage users, pharmacy systems, health programs, and appointment scheduling. The system enables the generation of multiple reports as per the admin's requirements. Modules for managing admission bills, pharmaceutical payments, and monitoring pharmacy inventory were also created. The manual handling of records in hospitals is time-consuming and error-prone, prompting the need for online automation of day-to-day activities. Each research phase guided the study's development and workflow organization. The system was found to enhance work progress and employee productivity, generate hospital reports for transaction overviews, and facilitate patient details retrieval. Overall, the study improved hospital transactions, suggesting the need for frontend design enhancement. The manual handling of records in hospitals is laborious and prone to errors, given the pivotal role hospitals play in people's lives and daily routines. This project aims to alleviate these challenges by automating and digitizing day-to-day activities. The systematic development approach employed in each phase of the study ensured an organized workflow and guided researchers in creating a comprehensive solution. By streamlining processes such as appointment booking, pharmacy services, and health program management, the system not only enhances administrative efficiency but also contributes to better patient care delivery. Furthermore, the system's ability to generate various reports provides invaluable insights into hospital transactions, aiding in decision-making and resource allocation. The reduction of workloads through automation fosters improved management practices and enhances overall operational performance. The findings underscore the significant impact of digital management systems in transforming hospital operations, with recommendations for further enhancements to ensure optimal functionality and user experience.

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CNC, IoT, QR, modules, streamline, Digital management system

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The point is to use deep learning out how to recognize ICU mortality rate is a crucial gauge of its clinical quality and hazard based patient division is recommended. The methodology introduced for this exploration accumulates time succession information and makes ongoing expectations about the mortality hazard of emergency clinic patients. The superior presentation of the model permits doctors to all the more likely screen high-risk patients and expect possible issues, in this manner lessening ICU mortality. Measures like review, exactness, accuracy, and F1-score are utilized to survey the model's adequacy. Moreover, gathering methods were consolidated, including the Voting Classifier and the Stacking Classifier. Astonishingly, the Voting Classifier accomplished 100 percent precision. To simplify it for clients to utilize and to keep making expectations about who will die in the emergency unit, are fostering a solid Cup based front end with effective testing and powerful security.

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deep learning, representation learning, mortality, risk prediction, critical care.

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 Abstract

Friction stir welding (FSW) is a solid (not molten metal) joining technique in situations where the properties of the original metal must be preserved as much as possible. It involves mechanically mixing two metals together, softening them, and then forcing them together, like clay, mass, and grinding. In most cases, large parts that cannot be easily heated are joined afterwards to maintain the controlled properties of aluminum during this process. Light metal alloys such as aluminium, magnesium and their compounds can now be joined by friction, which significantly stimulates welding. In this work, different aluminum alloy sheets AA2024 - AA7075 and AA6063-AA6069 were used for square tools. The tool parameters considered are 1600 rpm, 120 mm/min stroke and four offset values of 0 mm, 0.5 mm, 1 mm and 1.5 mm. Mechanical properties such as tensile strength, hardness and flexural strength were examined using standard testing procedures. It can be clearly seen the increase in the offset value due to the increase in tensile strength in the case of AA202-AA7075, but slight declines were observed in AA6063-AA6069. A higher hardness is observed in the compact and relatively economical HAZ, the smallest value in the base metal. The bending strength of the metal is lower, but between the 1.5mm thickness of the tape it provides better bending strength.

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Friction-stir welding (FSW), AA2024, AA7075, AA6063, AA6069 and Mechanical Properties

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Curcuma longa, often called turmeric, belongs to the Zingiberaceae family and originates from rhizomes. Curcumin is known to have good anti-inflammatory properties and protects the skin. Traditionally, curcumin has been included in many natural herbal remedies to treat skin infections and inflammations. Using plants as a home growing treatment strategy can be a move that several analysts have so far created to produce effective and insignificant side effects. Turmeric is one of the most commonly used spices in Indian cooking. The most fixed substances in turmeric are curcumin (77%), demethoxy (17%) and bisdemethoxy (3%). One of the pharmaceutical formulations with a topical administration framework can be an ointment formulation, which can be a semi-solid dosage form containing one or more sedatives dispersed or dispersed in a suitable carrier. Turmeric can be defined in different ways, one of which can be a cream formula. The advantage of using cream settings is that they are rustic, easy to wash and clean. The reason for this consideration was the definition of turmeric extract in the cream placement experiment, it was found that the equation gave a yellow-orange color, a typical turmeric smell, and placement on a semi-solid cream surface, a very homogeneous cream, high spreadability, local pH. were 5.84, 6, 32, 6.24, 5.94 and the emulsion type is O/W (Oil in Water).

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Curcuma Longa, Curcuminoids, Neem, Demethoxycurcumin, Bidemethoxycurcumin.

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Identity, in its essence, encompasses the unique characteristics, qualities, beliefs, and values that distinguish individuals or entities from others. It serves as a cornerstone in shaping a person's self-perception and influences their interactions with the surrounding world. Within this framework, religious identity emerges as a specific facet of one's overall identity, intimately connected to affiliation with a particular faith or belief system. This facet comprises an individual's religious convictions, rituals, principles, and the significant role religion assumes in daily life. Religious identity carries profound weight in shaping a person's worldview, behaviour, and relationships with others. In particular, religious identity often revolves around a set of beliefs concerning the nature of the divine, the purpose of life, and the moral and ethical guidelines that govern one's actions. This paper delves into the intricate interplay of religious identity, cultural diversity, and the communal tensions that frequently manifest in the close-knit chawl settings portrayed in Kiran Nagarkar's Ravan and Eddie. It explores the intricate conflicts of identity, epitomized by the complex friendship and rivalry between Ravan and Eddie, shedding light on how their religious identities exert influence over their lives. Furthermore, this paper unearths the hurdles and biases they confront due to their diverse backgrounds within multicultural and multi-religious neighbourhoods. It also offers invaluable insights into the cultural and religious dynamics at play within the chawls, as well as the characters' struggles to harmonize their identities with the ever-evolving world they inhabit.

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identity, cultural and religious identity, linguistic identity, individuality, community.

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Aluminum alloys have different applications (e.g. Al 5083 and Al 6082: marine, automotive and aeronautical components). Regarding the application, it is necessary to check the poor weldability of the conventional connection in which two aluminum alloys are connected in the liquid state due to the different chemical, mechanical and thermal properties of the connected material and the formation of hard intermetallic growths. Great brittleness occurs, which leads to a reduction in the mechanical strength of the connection. Feasibility of friction stir welding (FSW) of Al 5083 and Al 6082 sheets with different pin profiles: straight cylindrical (Cy), threaded cylindrical (Th), triangular (Tr) and square (Sq) are studied, as cylindrical and threaded cylindrical generate regular stirring action whereas, triangular and square pin profiles produce pulsating stirring action in the flowing material due to their flat faces. Further investigations are underway to determine the effects of these tools pin on the microstructure, hardness, crystallographic structure, and tensile strength of the bonded specimens. All samples showed the lowest hardness value in the heat-affected zone on the side of AA 6082, and this zone also fractured during the tensile tests. Since all samples have comparable microstructures and hardnesses, only the threaded cylindrical sample has the lowest tensile strength because the heat-affected zone has the largest structural component in the tensile direction.

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 Keywords

Al 5083, Al 6082, friction stir welding, material testing and pin profile.

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The friction stir multi-lap welded joint has been created between the sheets of two aluminium Al5052-H32 alloys and the pure copper foil. The values of the shear strengths in the multi-lap weld of dissimilar materials, has been evaluated consisting of a sandwich structure. The sheets used are very thin in terms of thicknesses. The tool material is M2 HSS (High Speed Steel). The design of experiments has been done by following Taguchi method's L9 approach. The ultimate shear strength is determined for all the samples. Microstructure has been evaluated with the scanning electron microscope (SEM) and the optical microscope for the AlA-Cu-AlA sample found to have the highest ultimate shear strength. Also, micro-hardness has been found out for the same. The AlA-Cu-AlA weld having the highest ultimate shear strength was made with the friction stir weld parameters: 800 RPM of tool rotation speed, 5 mm/min of traverse speed & 0.2 mm of the plunge depth. It was also found that the AlA-AlA weld had higher strength than the AlACu-AlA weld for the same set of varying parameters. While dealing with the thin sheets, clamping plays a significant role. The discussed process could be utilised to create the copper cladding over the tubes of aluminium alloys which would make them light weight and excellent heat sinks.

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FSW, Al5052-H32, Copper Foil, Taguchi Method's and SEM.

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This present paper is based on the constructivist approach of learning. Constructivism is a new innovation in educational psychology from 1970. After the end of the cognitive trend constructivism started its journey. There are so many contradictions and criticisms referred to by early behaviorist psychologists but constructivism has reached its dimension overtime. Basically constructivism is a context oriented School of Psychology which indicates the analysis of subjectivity, personal orientation and learner centric approaches of learning. Individuality is the main concern of constructivism. Every person has an already established cognitive construct which is called prior knowledge. Learners construct their own knowledge and understandings, they can make their own world and they actively participate in their learning activity. So we can easily say that constructivism is an innovative School that helps learners to make their own choices, and helps to express their individuality. Facilitative approach of learning is the modern innovation in constructivist paradigm. In other words we can say that it is the application of the approach.

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constructivism ,facilitative learning, divergent thinking, motivation, differentiated instruction

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The primary goal of the current research study is to create an herbal face scrub for purposes of skin protection and attractiveness. Many of the commercially available synthetic facial scrub treatments have a variety of adverse effects but Herbal cosmetics are the most secure products to use on a regular basis with No side effects and non- toxic. Cosmetic are products that affect how the skin functions biologically. Herbal cosmetics are very popular today since they may be used as both cosmetics and treatments. Herbal Products also known as cosmeceuticals. Typically include plant parts that have antibacterial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-ageing, and anti- microbial qualities. In the current study work an herbal facial scrub was created using main active ingredient is basil seeds (ocimum basilicum) and other various herbal Powders, including sandalwood, fullers earth (Multani mitti), neem, turmeric, green tea, liquiorice, Amla etc. As an active component, aloe Vera is used, and rosewater used for perfume. The prepared scrub was evaluated for a variety of physical properties, including appearance, spreadability, extrudability, Ph, stability, grittiness foamability, washability, irritability, and colour, odour, nature etc. The increasing demand for natural and herbal skincare products has led to the exploration of various plant based ingredients. This study focuses on formulating and evaluating an herbal facial scrub using basil seeds, known for their potential skincare benefits. Herbal facial Scrub can help with several skin issues including wrinkles, acne, Blackheads, whiteheads, and they also helps regulate the other secretion from the skin open pores. Additionally, they aid in enhancing the Skin's smoothness. This is a clinical study to assess Tran's dermal safety and herbal formulation efficacy.

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antioxidant, antimicrobial, non - toxic, basil seeds, skin protection

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 Abstract

Sandhi shula (joint pain) is the major symptom in Janu Sandhigatavata (knee OA) which severely disrupts an individual's routine life. Signs and symptoms of Sandhigatavata can be correlated to knee osteoarthritis in contemporary science. People demands pain relief as a primary need from the physician. Hence there is a definite need to look for safe and effective therapies for Pain management free from side effects. Marma Chikitsa is one of the nonpharmacological therapeutic modalities which is believed to be evolved from Dhanurveda, an upaveda of Yajurveda and dealt with art of warfare. Marma chikitsa is based on deep understanding of design and working of human body which utilizes various manipulative techniques to stimulate specific areas of the body for preventive and therapeutic health benefits. Marma Sastram in Ayurveda incorporates both traumatology and therapeutic aspect. Susrutha's version of Marma sastram elaborately explains the traumatological aspects, while Charaka's version explains therapeutic aspect, both can be brilliantly adopted in field of pain management as a quick pain-relieving panacea. Acharya susrutha has also mentioned that Marma is said to cover half of the jurisdiction of surgery. The present study aims to explore the healing potentials of Marma Chikitsa in pain management of Janu Sandhigatavata (knee OA).

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pain management, knee OA, Marma Chikitsa, Janu Sandhigatavata.

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Prevalence of scabies is high among children due to the environmental conditions like civil unrest, overcrowding, poor personal hygiene, poverty and ignorance. of scabies. A quantitative Pre experimental one group pretest and post test design was used to evaluate the effectiveness of structured teaching program on knowledge and knowledge on practice regarding prevention of scabies among 50 mothers of under five children using systematic sampling technique. A structured interview schedule was used to assess the knowledge and knowledge on practice. The obtained ' t ' values for knowledge 15 and knowledge on practice 16 were found significant at P< 0.05 level and revealed that the structured teaching program was significantly effective.

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Key words: Scabies, Knowledge, Practice, structured teaching program

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The purpose of the study is to ascertain the input, process and outcome operating in elementary schools. The research study followed descriptive survey method of research. A sample of four elementary schools under Kujang blocks of Jagatsinghpur district in the state of odisha has been considered for the study. The random sampling technique has been used. The investigators have used school categorization format, observation schedule, information schedule and focus group discussion for collection of relevant data from the schools inorder to elicit the problems and issues

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Analysis, Input, Process, Output, Elementary schools, Problems, Issues

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Customer perception is the awareness, perceptions, and opinions that customers have of your company, goods, and brand. Numerous factors, such as direct and indirect experiences with your services, influence how customers see you. This study aims to investigate how consumers see online purchasing for a specific range of durable goods. It also examines respondents' demographic differences towards Consumer perception towards online shopping. There were four durable products: television, air-conditioner, washing machine and refrigerator were identified to study the perception towards online shopping The data was collected with the help of structured questionnaire through google form by using non-probability convenient sampling technique from 123 respondents of Surat city and analyzed with the help of reliability analysis, Chi-Square test, Factor Analysis and descriptive statistics.

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Online Shopping, Consumer Perception, Consumer Durables

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Artificial intelligence (AI) has been a topic of growing interest, including higher education. This paper seeks to provide an overview of AI in different aspect of its potential opportunities and the presence involvement of in the education system. The researcher applied the analysis technique on the article and the documents. The findings of the study so that AI has the so much potential to revolutionize the education by providing so many opportunities like personalizing teaching, prompt feedback, automated learning automated admission tasks etc. It provides also better assessment system facilitating the knowledge and the skill in education. This investigation provide insight into potential of AI to transform education system to the best position. AI has important implication for policy makers, stakeholders, and educators in the education sector. By application of AI that education system can get more acceleration in its path.

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Artificial Intelligence, Education, Learning and Teaching.

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"Varicosity is the penalty for verticality against gravity".1 The Incidence of Varicose veins is 5% in India and 10-20% in the western world, prevalence of visible varicose veins is between 30-50%2 , especially 25-30% in women, 15% in men3 and increases with age.4 Certain jobs which demand prolonged standing suffer from varicose veins. It also occurs with muscular contractions e.g. Athletes. The treatment for varicose vein includes elastic stockings, elevation of legs, exercises, sclerotherapy and surgical managements like vein ligation, stripping and Endovenous laser treatment. They produce complications like eczema, hemorrhage, hematoma and saphenous nerve irritation. Sclerotherapy often causes deep vein thrombosis, thrombophlebitis, cutaneous ulcerations and stroke. Recurrence rate post surgeries stands between 20-80% .5There is a need of result oriented, cost effective and complication free treatment with less recurrance by acting on Vata and Rakta. Siravyadha and Basti with Bhadradaruvadi gana are the modes of management explained in the classics which can be adopted in the management of Sirajagranthi.6,7 Here, we shall discuss about the role of Siravyadha and Bhadradaruvadi basti in the management of Siraja granthi with special reference to Varicose veins.

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Siraja granthi, Siravyadha, Bhadradaruvadi basti, Varicose veins

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Self-awareness, the ability to accurately perceive and understand oneself, plays a significant role in influencing job satisfaction. Job satisfaction refers to an individual's subjective evaluation of their work experience, encompassing various aspects such as the work environment, tasks performed and relationships with colleagues, and opportunities for growth and development. Understanding the relationship between self-awareness and job satisfaction requires examining how self-awareness impacts different facets of the work experience.

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Self - Awareness, Self-Esteem, job, Satisfaction

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Nanotechnology finds broad applications in biosensing, targeted drug delivery, illness therapy, and environmental protection. One kind of nanostructure that has several uses in the biomedical industry is cross linked nanosponges. They can carry both hydrophilic and hydrophobic medications as payloads and are accessible up to the fourth generation. The production of these nanosponges and the process of loading medications into them are both accomplished through various techniques. Numerous authorized medications, including those for cancer, are already available on the market and are based on nanosponges. Additional uses for nanosponges include topical agents, solubility enhancement, protein carriers, chemical sensors, waste water treatment, and agricultural applications.

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Nanosponges, drug encapsulation, chemical sensors, cancer drug , cyclodextrin.

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