Volume 11 | Issue 3

 Abstract

Online learning is an emerging trend in current education sector. It is a convenient way of learning for the people who have various constraints regarding traditional education system. The popularity of online learning results in increase of online learning data. Learning analytics is a growing research field to analyze online learning data. The concept of learning analytics and data modeling extends the promising research directions in online learning environment. Although numerous researches have investigated on experience in online education field, limited findings are available for the challenges and the specific strategies that students apply to conquer those challenges. The present research study aims to analyze the impact of online learning environment on student's performance and identify challenges in opting online courses. The goal of the study is to develop a model for the student data using structural equation modeling in Jamovi software that can explain and analyze the impact of online learning environment on students' performance. The hypothesis established for the model is supported by the results. It is observed that established model has acceptable fit indices with significant p-values. The analysis indicated that the challenges in opting online courses for university credits are mostly due to internet, device facility, language comfort and mode of learning. The research study provides the baseline to understand the impact of online learning factors on students' outcome for improving the learning system.

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Online learning; Learning analytics; Structural Equation Modeling; Learning factors; Student performance.

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The study revealed thatof total, 115 (57.5 per cent) graduates were found from high knowledge level, 71 (35.5 per cent) could be observed under moderate knowledge level. Remaining 14 (7.0 per cent) of the graduates have low level of knowledge regarding various courses. Agriculture graduates 58 (66.7 per cent) of PCA, 23 (47.9 per cent) RCA and 34 (52.6 per cent) ACA graduates were found from high level of knowledge. At the same time, 21 (24.1 per cent), 21(43.7 per cent) and 29 (44.6 per cent) PCA, RCA and ACA graduates possessed moderate level of knowledge. However, 2 (3.1 per cent), 4(8.4 per cent) and 8 (9.2 per cent) of ACA, RCA and PCA graduates possessed low level of knowledge.

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Knowledge Level, Agriculture Graduates

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Traffic congestion is one of the major problems in major cities due to the increase in the number of vehicles. In the current situation, we come across various problems in traffic regulations in India which can be solved with different ideas. Riding a motorcycle without wearing a helmet is a traffic violation that has resulted in an increase in the number of accidents and deaths in India. The existing system monitors traffic violations primarily through CCTV recordings, where the traffic police have to look into the frame where the traffic violation is happening, and zoom into the license plate in case the rider is not wearing a helmet Helmet detection method is a combination of classification and cluster. Helmet detection is an important, yet challenging vision task. It is a critical part of many applications such as traffic surveillance. Our proposed method work is as follows, Pre-processing, Feature Extraction, and classification. In this paper, the survey is done on many methods and technologies used to perform the objectives. Recent research has successfully done this work based on CNN, R-CNN, LBP, HoG, HaaR features, etc. In this research work, a Non-Helmet Rider detection system is built to satisfy the automation of detecting the traffic violation of not wearing helmets and extracting the vehicle�s license plate numbers. The main principle involved is Object Detection using Deep Learning at three levels. The objects detected are a person with a motorcycle at the first level using YOLOv3, a helmet at a second level using YOLOv5, License plate at the last level using YOLOv3. Then the license plate registration number is extracted using OCR (Optical Character Recognition). All these techniques are helpful to detect the stolen vehicle from the database and by using this traffic police officers would know about the stolen vehicle. Using this system, officers can track the stolen vehicle using location reports.

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Helmet Detection, Number plate Detection, Stolen Vehicle Identification.

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There are many options to restore endodontically treated teeth. Root canal treated teeth are structurally compromised teeth . A less conventional approach to restore such teeth without a post is to give an endocrown. In post and core restoration there is intracanal retention which increases the risk of root fracture. Endocrown is a monoblock ceramic crown consisting of a circle of butt edges and a retainer located in the pulp chamber. Endocrowns uses the technique of adhesive cementation and they are more conservative as they derive retention from the pulp chamber. They can be fabricated by CAD CAM and stress distribution is also reasonable in such restorations . Materials used for endocrowns are glass ceramics , lithium disilicate and nanofilled composite resins. The advantages of an endocrown is that they are conservative, esthetically good , mechanically strong and cost effective.

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Endocrowns, post and core restorations, ceramics , adhesion.

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The pandemic Covid-19 today has affected the whole world. India did not stand an exception to it by standing in the world-Covid list of the top three most affected nations. Covid-19 has brought governments and their policies under severe scrutiny and criticism around the whole world. The Indian government is also trying to deal with this pandemic but given the huge population size, uneven resource management by different states and bad condition of the health system and economy has certainly deepened the crisis. The issues of social safety, reverse migration, and other such factors have further grimed the situation. Indian migrant workers during the Covid-19 pandemic have faced multiple hardships. With factories and workplaces shut down due to the lockdown imposed in the country, millions of migrant workers had to deal with the loss of income, food shortages, and uncertainty about their future. During the lockdown period, thousands of migrants started walking back home, with no means of transport. In response, the Central and State Governments took various measures to help them and later arranged transportation. After five months of Covid-19 in India, the Indian government is still struggling hard to cope with health and the economy. This paper is an attempt to understand the impact of the reverse migrant crisis during Covid-19 in India. The current flow of reverse migration in India, which is from urban to rural, however, falls into none of the above categories describing the usual patterns in the movements from rural to urban centers.

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Government, Covid-19, reverse migration, factories, health, economy

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Languages emerged when Homosapiens began collaborating with one another. It is challenging to provide a response to the question of what language is the oldest in the world. Language use eventually grew to be a significant aspect of human society. It served a variety of social and cultural purposes in addition to serving as a means of communication and information sharing with those around it. It eventually evolved to utilize for a variety of purposes, including group identification, social grooming, amusement, etc. As time went on and people began to travel over the world, many languages changed and diversified. As a result, there are several languages that are spoken around the world.

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Innovative methods, Language skills, Teaching English. etc

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Herbal teas are admixture made from leaves, fruits, flowers and roots of colorful factory corridor. Herbal teas aren't deduced from usual shops, but rather from what are called as " Tisanes. " Input of further quantities of herbal tea to give energy and induce relaxation. Black tea, gusto tea, green tea, peppermint tea, red tea, hibiscus tea, coca tea gives anti- seditious and anti- bacterial parcels. Help to induce the digestive problems. Herbal tea is a libation made from steeping or boiling sauces. To avoid confusion between teas and herbal teas, alternate terms for "herbal tea " are getting popular. The tisanes are also strained, candied if so asked and served. Numerous companies produce herbal tea bags for similar infusions.

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Black tea, gusto tea, green tea, peppermint tea, red tea, hibiscus tea, coca tea, anti- seditious, anti- bacterial.

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BACKGROUND: Low back pain (LBP) is one of the most common musculoskeletal issues experienced by the adults in their life time. People with age 35-55 are more prone to Low Back Pain. This persistent pain condition may include the central sensitization (CS) phenomenon, which implies a wide range of symptoms and that may be taken into account in LBP treatment. CS symptoms can be measured by the Central Sensitization Inventory (CSI). OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to explore association of CS with pain intensity and quality of life. METHODOLOGY: In present cross-sectional study total of 100 Gujarati participants aged 33-55, suffering from LBP were included. CS symptoms were measured with the Gujarati Version of the CSI, pain intensity was measured by VAS and quality of life was measured by WHOQOL BREF Gujarati version. Statistical analysis was done by using SPSS 20 version. Spearman�s rank correlation coefficient test, Mann Whitney U test was applied for co-relation and between group comparisons respectively. Significance level was set at p<0.05. RESULT: The mean CSI total score for the whole sample was 35.49�5.26 points. CSI total score had subclinical values in the whole sample; The CSI mean total score was 34.49�5.26 points for females and 35.16�5.22 points for males. Patients showed significant differences in CSI total score by gender (P = 0.000). There were statistically significant moderate positive correlation exists between CSI score and VAS score, strong negative correlation between CSI score and WHOQOL-BREF domain 1, moderate negative correlation between CSI score and WHOQOL-BREF domain 2, 3 and 4. CONCLUSION: Present study concludes that there is moderate positive correlation exist between CSI score with pain intensity and strong negative correlation between CSI score with WHOQOL-BREF domain 1 (physical), moderate negative correlation between CSI score with WHOQOL-BREF domain 2 (psychological), WHOQOL-BREF domain 3 (social) and WHOQOL-BREF domain 4 (environment) for quality of life. Although participants showed mean subclinical values in CSI total score, participants with scores ?40 were found across chronic low back. In particular, females with LBP participants were most affected by high CSI scores. In light of these results, it is recommended that clinicians supplement their assessment with the CSI in low back patients for improved decision-making during treatment.

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Central Sensitization, LBP, Frequency, Association, Pain, Disability, Quality of life.

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Descriptive evaluative approach was used. Purposive sampling technique was used to select the hospital and the samples. The samples for present study consisted of male and female patients admitted for minor abdominal surgeries (60 patients). Tool consisted of two sections: Section A: - Demographic variables: - age in years, gender, marital status, educational qualification, occupation, dietary pattern, demographic area, type of surgery. Section B: - Observation checklist aimed at assessing the effectiveness of early ambulation of Daily Living, following ADL were assessed viz: feeding, dressing, grooming, bathing, elimination, Deep Breathing Exercises, communication and sleeping pattern. Activity on post operative abdominal surgery patients in selected hospitals. Content Validity was done by 12 experts, Reliability was done by using inter rater reliability method. Cohen's kappa was found to be 0. 85 The tool was retained as the tool was reliable. Dorothea Orem's Self-care theory was applied. Pilot study was conducted in Moriya Hospital Chinchwad. Informed consent was taken from Medical Superintendent of the Hospital and from each and every sample. from 9/2/2022 to 12/2/2022 on 6 samples of minor abdominal surgery. Final study was conducted at Dr D.Y.Patil Hospital and Research Centre from 17/3/2022 to 29/4/2022 on 60 post operative patients. Objective of the study was discussed and consent for participation in the study was taken from each and every sample. The subjects were assured about the confidentiality of the data. The investigators themself collected the data. Preoperatively Activities of Daily Living were taught each and every patient. Patients with minor surgeries (appendectomy, cholecystectomy, hernia or colon surgery) were selected. On Day 1 post operatively both Activities of Daily Living and ambulation was done twice a day for 10-15 minutes per patient. Activities of Daily Living included range of motion of shoulder joint, elbow, wrist joint, hip joint, knee joint and ankle joint. Early ambulation included walking around the bed, with or without assistive devices. ADL and early ambulation was done in consultation of surgeon. Per day per day 3-4 patients were selected. Data was analysed based on objectives of the study. Descriptive and inferential statistics was done. The mean score was 0.0% for patients who had a poor score (Score 0-5), 33.3% of them had an average ability in performing ADL (Score 6-10), and 66.7% of the patients had a good score (Score 11-16). Hence it can be concluded that early ambulation is highly effective with Activities of Daily Living (ADL) among patients after minor abdominal surgeries. The various findings of the study show that it can be concluded that early ambulation is proven to be effective in decreasing post-operative complications among patients following abdominal surgery.

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Early ambulation, Activities of Daily Living, Minor abdominal surgeries

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Abstract: In the play, Kongi's Harvest, Wole Soyinka analyses and critiques the period of disharmony in postcolonial African society. The play is based on the circumstances of postcolonial Africa and the political figures who presided during that period. The play also discusses how Africans started to colonize themselves, although the colonial authorities had left. The paper discusses that poor administration, corruption, and colonial mindsets carried over into the postcolonial era are to blame for the decolonization of Africa's states, which have become increasingly impoverished. Because of this, it is found that even after colonization in Africa ended, the colonizers left their proxy colonizers behind to pick up where they left off.

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Key Words: Postcolonial, corruption, repression, autocracy, colonizers

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The Siddha system of medicine is primarily practiced in parts of southern India. It is one of the world's oldest traditional medicine systems, treating not only the physical body but also the mind and soul. Siddha system is based on three humors (Vatham, Pitham, Kabam). When the three humors are in proper balance then the person experiences good health; any imbalance of three humors leads to disease. Acute Bronchitis is an inflammation of the large airways of the lung. It is characterized by fever, running nose, cough, polyarthralgia, shortness of breath, tiredness, constipation and vomiting.It is correlated with Kabasuram in Siddha medicine. Kaba suram is one of the types of Suram in children mentioned in Siddha literature Balavagadam. The symptoms of Kaba suram can be managed by Siddha herbal formulation Kaba sura kudineer. The main ingredients of Kaba sura Kudineer are Pirandai ver,Kandankathiri ver ,Arathai ver ,Sirukanchoori Ver,Vetpula Ver ,Ponmusuttai Ver,Mulli Ver ,Arathai ,Sukku. The ingredients of this formulation possess anti-inflammatory,anti-pyretic,expectorant,bronchodilator activity.All the ingredients of trial drug are purely herbals only. It is easily prepared, palatable, assimilates quickly and also safe for pediatric usage in the treatment of Kaba suram. Hence, this article gives an insight on the efficacy of Kaba sura Kudineer for Kabasuram (Acute Bronchitis) based on review of various literatures and scientific studies. This review further focuses to improve the research on Siddha herbal medicines.

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Siddha, Kaba Sura Kudineer Chooranam, Kabasuram, Acute Bronchitis.

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The people with mental health problems suffer discrimination, exclusion, negative typification and expectations. Stigmatized individuals may anticipate devaluation and discrimination from others, leading them to adopt harmful coping mechanisms such as secrecy or withdrawal. Stigma may dissuade parents from believing their adolescent child has a mental health problem because the label may lead to harm like marginalization and discrimination for the adolescent. Parents prefer social distance from children labelled as "mentally ill" and are more reluctant to have their own children interact with a child who has a mental illness, There is need to increase interpersonal interaction to encourage people with mental disabilities to disclose their experience. An educational program found decreases in stigma related to mental illness like psychosis, depression etc. Hence, there is need to minimise stigma by adopting appropriate strategy.

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stigma, mental illness, disorders, education

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Ants contribute a conspicuous component of terrestrial biodiversity and are the most divergent group among all social insects. They are eusocial insects belong to the family Formicidae, order- Hymenoptera. Morphologically, ants are separated from other hymenopterans by the one or two segmented node (modifies II and III abdominal segments), connecting the alitrunk (thorax plus I abdominal segment fused, this is called as propodeumormesonoma) and the gaster (abdomen proper minus II or III segments) and presence of a metaplural gland. A survey was conducted at Tumkur University campus, Tumakuru to record the morphological differences among the different genera of the family Formicidae. The study was done by adapting all-out-search method for collection, preserving in 70% alcohol, observation and identification through morphological features by literature survey and consulting myrmecologists. The morphological features of about 28 species of 17 genera belong to the subfamilies- Formicinae, Myrmicinae, Ponerinae, Dolichoderinae and Pseudomyrmicinae were recorded during the study period. Apart from exhibiting the general ant morphological features, each of the genera has showed their distinct external characters. These distinct characters of different genera form the base for the taxonomical diversification of ant fauna. This survey provides a basic data for the future taxonomical investigation of ant fauna of Tumkur district.

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Ant morphology, Genus charecteristics,Formicinae, Myrmicinae, Ponerinae, Dolichoderinae and Pseudomyrmicinae

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The Prayagraj District's Street vendor's quality of work life has been the subject of an empirical investigation. A vendor is a person who purchases and offers services or goods. This study paper's major goal is to explore the lives of street vendors in the Prayagraj neighbourhood, as well as to evaluate their working conditions and evaluate how satisfied they are with their jobs. This empirical research article uses both primary and secondary sources to support its findings. Surveys of respondents were used to gather primary data, and secondary data sources included a variety of research publications, journals, and websites. Percentage methods have been used to analyze data in tables to get a sense of how well street sellers are treated at work. The primary findings of this study report demonstrated that vendors encountered issues when doing their duties, such as a lack of resources, a lack of government support, and the deprivation of education for their children. The income did not provide the vendors with a sense of financial security. In the conclusion, it was evident that the quality of street vendors' working lives was unsatisfactory, that many of them were dissatisfied with their occupations, and that they might change careers if given the chance.

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Quality of work life; vendors; work culture; income level and education.

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The aim of this paper is to utilize the voting system in large democratic countries, but in the present the fair election process is facing lot of problems like illegal votes, fake voting, tampering with the Electronic Voting Machines(EVMs).Being a engineers, it is our responsibility to avoid plague. In the commonly used EVMs the voting process takes place electronically and this eliminates the use of ballot paper to cast votes in elections as it is very time consuming. The election department will collect the face images and fingerprint from the voters. The database will store the images when the images are obtained on the casting day, it will compared with database and provides a secured voting on the election day.

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Online voting, Face Capturing, Face recognition using HAAR cascade, Fingerprints matching using CNN.

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The simple condensation process were used to synthesized the benzylidene based derivatives and which are analysed using different spectroscopic techniques. Further, the solvent assisted grinding approaches were utilized to synthesized the benzylidene based pharmaceutically active co-crystal. The synthesized compounds were screened using FT-IR and PXRD methods. The Cambridge Crystallographic Database Survey were done for the above compound where we have observed no hit for the synthesized compound. However, similar type of structural moity were noticed and CIF file are used to explain the various structural and possibility of interactions present in the synthesize molecule. The Hirshfeld surface were developed on reported CIF molecule and explain the type of interactions and its percentage contribution present in the benzylidene based molecule. Where it is observed that O-H interactions play very important role for the molecular recognition which contribute 47%.

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Pharmaceutical cocrystals, co-crystallization, solubility, stability, bioavailability, Schiff base, Benzylidine.

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The purpose of this study is to look at the connection between investor behaviour and financial literacy about cryptocurrencies. The purpose of this study is to look at the connection between investor behaviour and financial literacy about cryptocurrencies. A sample of people who have invested in cryptocurrencies served as the study's subjects, and a financial literacy questionnaire was used to gauge their degree of knowledge in this area. According to the study's findings, financial literacy and the conduct of cryptocurrency investors are positively correlated. The results of this study indicate that financial literacy has a significant role in how people invest in cryptocurrencies and that those who have greater levels of financial literacy are more likely to make educated and logical investing choices. The research also emphasises the value of education and training in investing in cryptocurrencies since it may help people become more financially literate and make wiser investment choices It also sheds light on the link between financial literacy and investor behaviour. The findings of this study may be utilised to design educational and training programmes for cryptocurrency investors Financial literacy is essential for anyone who want to invest their money wisely and make educated decisions about their finances.

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crypto curency,trading,financial behavior

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The importance of the internet and its use in today's modern world has increased dramatically. Customers may now buy anything from anywhere due to the growing popularity of mobile devices. Clearly, online commerce is the way of the future. To deliver quality service and a positive user experience, e-commerce is eliminating other traditional commerce models. The process is further streamlined by the clarity of communication between portals and clients. The objectives of this paper to explore the benefits and prospects of global electronic commerce in emerging market and spot the challenges that are facing by global e-commerce. The methodology of this paper is based on secondary sources and the majority of data is collected from websites, journals, books and conference proceedings. In the emerging global economy, global e-commerce has been one of the most significant segments and a powerful accelerator for economic progress.

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Global E-commerce, Market, Benefits, Challenges

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The current environmental awful conditions are ever more threatening consumer health and wellbeing at both globally and nationally. Therefore, consumers are becoming more sensitive in their environmental attitudes, perceptions, preferences and purchases. The apprehension for environmental degradation has resulted in a new segment of consumers and these consumers have been identified as one who avoids products which are possible danger for health, damage the environment during production, use materials derived from threatened species or environment and cause unnecessary waste. The objective of the study is To examine the consumer democrafic profile of towards eco-friendly products and To analyse the consumers buying behaviour towards eco-friendly product. Convenience sampling technique has been adopted to collect data from 275consumers only from using green product in kanyakumari District. It is suggested to increase the satisfaction of the green products among respondents by taking several measures. The promoters must meet the respondents' expectations for purchasing green products and increase their level of satisfaction.

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Keywords: Environmental attitudes, Perceptions, Preferences, Satisfaction.

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Step by step Indian monetary market is becoming cutthroat and the stock of different monetary instruments should be in harmony to the interest viewpoints of the financial backers. The superb drive of any venture is to get greatest return with a base gamble and shared reserves give the open door to the financial backers. The examination gives an understanding into the sorts of dangers which exist in a common asset conspire. The information was gathered from common asset financial backers as well as non-shared reserve financial backers of this industry. The examination centers on the connection between venture choice and variables like liquidity, monetary mindfulness, and demography. It was found okay assets and liquidity of asset conspire are affecting the financial backer's discernment for putting resources into the shared asset.

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Monetary Instruments, Financial backers' Choice, Hazard Return

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