Volume 12 | Issue 3

 Abstract

This paper presents a comprehensive review of recent advances in the field of surveillance and disaster relief drones. Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) have emerged as pivotal tools in addressing a myriad of challenges, ranging from enhancing public safety to facilitating rapid responses in disaster-stricken areas. The review encompasses key components of these drones, including airframes, propulsion systems, and communication modules. Emphasis is placed on the integration of cutting-edge technologies such as high- resolution cameras, infrared sensors, and autonomous navigation systems, enabling drones to provide real-time data for surveillance and efficient disaster response.

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Abstract: This study investigates the impact of organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) on job satisfaction among middle level employees. A sample of 134 employees completed a survey measuring their OCB and job satisfaction. Regression, correlation and chi square analysis were conducted to analyze the data. The findings revealed a significant positive influence of OCB on job satisfaction, indicating that employees who engage in more OCB behaviors tend to be more satisfied with their jobs. Additionally, the study found that specific dimensions of OCB such as courtesy and altruism were positively associated with job satisfaction to a larger extent. The study suggests certain ideas and initiatives to organizations for promoting job satisfaction by fostering a culture that encourages OCB behaviors.

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Organizational Citizenship Behavior, Job Satisfaction, Team Performance, OCB Dimensions

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"Foraging", by definition, means the search for wild resources for food. The human history of foraging dates back to the beginning of human civilisation-until 12,000 years ago, when the Neolithic Revolution came and systematic agriculture became general practice. But much after that, foraging has persisted with the human societies. For the early Nomadic tribe, hunting and gathering was the only way to acquire food. Later, even in the agrarian societies, foraging continued as a complementary method of subsistence. The most important point to be noted is that, the main task of foraging for food fell upon the females of the clan while men were assigned the heavier tasks of cultivation, hunting or cattle grazing. There exists a line of continuity from the early Nomadic women to the women in the pre-independence rural Bengal who depended upon foraging for food at various levels, as the supply of extra nutrition for the family members, as a measure for fighting poverty, as a means of livelihood, and during famines or other sorts of natural calamity, as the sole source of sustenance. With special reference to two Bengali novels Pather Panchali and Ashani Sanket by Bibhutibhushan Bandyopadhyay, this paper attempts to show the socio-economic history of female foragers in some imaginary villages in the southern part of formerly undivided Bengal.

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Foraging, Hunter-gatherer, Colonial Bengal, Capitalism, Ecofeminism

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Rice flour (also rice powder) is a form of flour made from finely milled rice. Rice is the staple food in most of the Asian countries and is scientifically called as Oryza Sativa. Rice flour is highly beneficial as it contains large amount of fibre, it is gluten free and helps to maintain healthy liver function. Aflatoxin can be formed as a result of fungal contamination with Aspergillus flavus or A. parasiticus under warm and humid conditions at both pre and post harvest. Aflatoxins caused neurotoxicity, genetoxiciry and mostly lethal in nature. The objectives of this study was to determine the concentrations of Aflatoxin B1 in Rice Flour collected from various parts of India and also to assess whether the Rice Flour were safe for human consumption. As per FSSAI, the maximum permissible limit for Aflatoxin is 30 ppb. The study showed that the 35 nos. of Rice Flour samples collected from various regions of India were not detected for Aflatoxin B1stating that are within the permissible limit and are safe for human consumption.

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Rice Flour, Aflatoxin b1, HPTLC

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Base isolation, widely used in critical facilities such as hospitals, airports, nuclear power plants, and bridges to reduce the horizontal acceleration transmitted to the superstructure. It effectively decouples the superstructure and the foundation during earthquakes. Base Isolation significantly reduces base shear forces, inter storey drifts. Analysis is carried out to investigate the dynamic response of 16-storey regular and irregular buildings using E-tabs. The analysis compared dynamic responses with and without base isolation using Lead Rubber Bearing (LRB) systems. The effectiveness of base isolation was demonstrated by comparing storey drift, lateral displacement, base shear, and time period between fixed base and isolated base structures. Results showed that while lateral storey displacements at the first storey were higher for isolated buildings compared to fixed base buildings, the top storey experienced less displacement. Vertical irregular buildings with base isolation performed better than regular buildings, while those without base isolation showed poor dynamic responses. Base isolation reduced base shear in both X and Y directions, stabilizing the structure during earthquakes. Relative storey drift values were lower for base isolated buildings, and time periods were increased by about 3.03 seconds for 16-storey buildings, helping to mitigate severe earthquake accelerations. Maximum storey displacements increased with building height, but story drift and base shear values were reduced in higher stories, enhancing structure safety and stability against earthquakes. Overall, base isolation increased the time period of high-rise buildings to mitigate severe accelerations during earthquakes.

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base isolation, vertical irregularity, vibration period, drift, acceleration.

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Sanskrit literature begins with Veda'swritings. In the Iron Age, from the golden age of Sanskrit epics and classical Sanskrit literature in India to the early Middle Ages, which was roughly the third century AD to the 8th century AD. At this time it gained extreme excellence. About five centuries after the fall of the Mauryan empire, a second empire was formed centered around Magadha under the leadership of the Guptas. Hence the Gupta Empire is called the Second Mughal Empire. Although the Gupta Empire did not last as long as the Maurya Empire, this Gupta period was long lived. The history of Guptas was also composed of many and varied waves. The development of Sanskrit literature reached its peak during the Gupta period. The evolution of Sanskrit language and literature over several centuries and the sincere patronage of the kings led to a rise in the classical level of Sanskrit language and literature during this Gupta period. In our former India, we were in the company of high class people of literature, art, science, etc. of this Gupta period. This Sanskrit language of ours took the role of a carrier of literature and culture in this era, which was mainly developed in Sanskrit literature was not understood by the common people.. The field of literature that flourished during this period was mostly due to sanskrit culture.

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Introduction, Purana, Philosophy, hymns, Sanskrit literature, Inscription, Conclusion.

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In the swiftly evolving digital milieu of the 21st century, the future prospects of students hinge upon their adeptness in navigating and excelling in an increasingly data-centric environment. The New Education Policy (NEP) of India underscores the significance of comprehensive development, analytical reasoning, and digital literacy, embodying the fundamental proficiencies requisite for students to flourish in their forthcoming pursuits. However, within this digital epoch, the imperative to incorporate education on personal data safeguarding, administration, and awareness into the educational syllabus becomes paramount. As students progress through their academic trajectory, they must be furnished with the knowledge and competencies to effectively safeguard their personal data. Integration of data protection education into the curriculum not only augments their digital literacy but also empowers them to preserve their privacy and forestall cyber transgressions. Nurturing collaboration with experts in data protection and cybersecurity ensures that students receive thorough and current guidance. The professional landscape of the future necessitates individuals who are proficient not only in their respective disciplines but also adept at securely navigating digital platforms. Through the inclusion of data protection in the curriculum, schools equip students to confront these demands directly, ensuring their readiness for the occupational and practical milieu. Furthermore, parental involvement plays a pivotal role in reinforcing data protection tenets at home, fostering seamless synergy between scholastic learning and personal life. This comprehensive approach guarantees that students cultivate a robust comprehension of data protection from an early stage, establishing the groundwork for responsible digital citizenship. The integration of personal data protection, administration, and awareness into the educational curriculum is not merely a requirement but a prerequisite for shaping the future of students who must navigate a digitally-oriented world with assurance and proficiency.This paper focuses on the lines of these aspects and proposes the solutions that the Indian education system can adopt for it's rounded progress.

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data protection, education,parental involvement, digital literacy, students

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????????????????????? ???????? ????????????? ????????????????? ??????????????? ????????????? ?????? ???? ? ???????? ?????????????? ????????????? ??????????? ??????? ??????? ? ???? ?????????? ???????????? ???? ????????? ??????? ?????? ? ???? ???????? ???????????? ??????????? ?????????-??????? ???? ????? ? ??????????????? ????????????? ??? ??????????? ??????? ????????? ????????, ??? ??????? ????????????? ????? ????? ???? ??? ???????? ??? ?? ??? ??????? ??????? ? ??? ??????? ??? ???? ????? ????? ???? ????? ??????? ????????? ????? ?????????????? ??????? ? ?????????? ????????? ?????? ????????? ??????? ???? ???? ??? ?????? ??????????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ???????????????? ?????? ??????? ??? ????????? ??? ?????? ?????? ????????????? ?????????? ?????? ?????????????? ??????????? ??????? ? ????????????????? ???????????? ???????? . ??????????? ??????? ????????? ???????? ????? ????????? ??????? ? ?????????? ????????????????? ??????????????? ???????? ?????????? ???????? ?????? ? ?????????????????????? ???? ??????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ??? ? ????? ??????????? ??????? ??????? ? ???????????? ????????????? ???????????? ??????????????? ??????????? ??????????? ????????? ????????? ? ???????????? ??????? ?????????? ???? ??????????, ?????? ???? ??????? ???????? ???? ? ????????? ???? ????? ??? ????? ?????? ? ??????? ???? ???? ???? ????? ???? ??????? ??????? ? ???????? ??? ?????????? ???????? ?????????? ? ?? ?? ?????????????? ????????????? ???????? ???????????????? ? ???- ?????????????? ???? ????????? ????????? ? ? ?????? ?????????????????? ???????????????? ?????? ??? ???????? ?????? ???????????????? ??? ???? ? ???????? ??????????? ?????? ????, ?????? ??????? ????? ??????? ???? ??? ????? ?????????????? ??????? ? ???????? ????????? ? ???????????? ???? ?????????? ? ?????? ?????? ???? ?????? ???????? ??????????? ???????? ????? ??? ???????????????????? ??????????? ????? ???? ??????????? ?????? ? ??? ???????? ???????? ????????? ???????? ????????????????? ???????? ??????? ???????? ??????????? ??????? ????????? ????? ??? ?????? ???? ???????? ???? ????????, ???? ??????? ? ?????????????????????????????? ??????????????? ???? ??????? ??????????? ???????????????? ???????????? ?? ?? ????????????????? ?????????????? ?????????? ?????? ?????????????? ??? ??????? ??????????????? ????????????? ??????, ??????????????? ? ??? ??????? ????????????? ???????, ?????, ????????, ????????, ?????????? ??????? ?

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'???? ???? ??????' ??????????? ?????????? ????????????? ???????????????? ??????????????? ?????? ???????, ??????, ????, ?????, ??????, ????, ????? ??????????????

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Marketing in its proper perspective is an all pervasive philosophy, an attitude, an art as well as a science. Marketing is that branch of knowledge which involves a systematic, critical and action-oriented study relating to fulfilment of human aspirations. It studies and analyses the manner and method in which the phenomena of aspirations originate, evolve, form, develop, heighten, accentuate and get fulfilled. It can be construed that marketing occurs when people decide to satisfy needs and wants through exchange. Therefore, exchange is the core concept of the discipline of marketing, which incorporates a contractual, communication and value-creating process

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Himalaya Neem Face Wash, weighted average method, Chi-Square Test.

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The internally displaced persons (IDPs) are a frequently overlooked group, falling through the gaps of international and national commitments. Displaced women and children often face more challenges than men, as they are at higher risk and lack sufficient access to reproductive healthcare rights, leading to poor health and the threat of eviction. This paper aims to examine the reproductive healthcare situation of IDPs in India and the role of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in addressing their reproductive healthcare rights.

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Internally displaced person (IDP), Sustainable development goal (SDG), SRH (Sexual and reproductive health), Minimum Initial Service Package (MISP)

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Text summarization tools play a pivotal role in the era of information overload, aiding users in extracting the most pertinent information from voluminous texts. This abstract provides a succinct overview of text summarization tools, highlighting their significance, techniques employed, and potential applications .Text summarization tools employ various techniques, such as Text Preprocessing-( Tokenization, Lowercasing), Text Representation sequence to sequence models, Evaluation metrics, Hyper parameter Tuning ,extractive and abstractive summarization, to condense lengthy documents into shorter, coherent versions. Extractive summarization selects salient sentences or phrases from the original text, while abstractive summarization generates concise summaries by interpreting and rephrasing content .These tools rely on natural language processing (NLP), machine learning algorithms, and deep learning models to achieve these tasks. We also use tokenization ML algorithm to get quality of summary. It also have additional feature of uploading a pdf or file and getting its summary.

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Text Summarization

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As we know water is one of the essential elements that a living being need to keep healthy. Human indeed needs to consume a minimum of 4L water a day to stay dehydrated and healthy. When it comes to healthcare, water quality must be of per amount importance. Especially, among those who are immunocompromised and those high dependency patients in critical care units. We are familiar with the term "Automatic", these days we want each and every gadget of ours to be automatic. The device automatic water dispenser is a machine that helps to reduce the work done manually in terms of water supply. When it comes to dialysis patients, they require a limited amount of water after dialysis. With the help of this dispenser, patients gets limited amount of water as they suggested by the doctor after dialysis. The entire sequence of operation is controlled by an Arduino Uno. Nozzle is fabricated for the water to dispense from the tank. hardware design using Arduino and other hardware components such as LCD, relay, ultrasonic sensor, flow sensor, RFID sensor, etc.

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RFID sensor, relay, LCD, ultrasonic sensor.

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: A chronic eye condition called glaucoma has a deleterious effect on the optical nerve, which links the brain and eye to transmit visual information. Early detection is essential for stopping the condition's progression. Glaucoma is one of the most prevalent eye conditions, and it's important to catch it early because it can cause blindness and neurological issues. In this study, a Deep Learning system is proposed for the early detection of glaucoma. The eye image undergoes pre-processing to eliminate any noise and prepare them for further analysis. The system utilizes enlarged images of the eyes as input data for the deep learning method. The suggested system classifies new eye images as No_glaucoma Glaucoma_early, Glaucoma_moderate, and Glaucoma_advanced and also provides respective preventive measures based on the features it learned during training.

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Glaucoma, Deep Learning, pre-processed, Fundus Images.

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This article aims to forecast future outcomes using machine learning as a crucial tool for supporting decisions in crop yield prediction, such as choosing crops and managing them throughout their growth. Agricultural planning is crucial for the economic growth and food security of countries relying on agriculture. Despite its significance, the agricultural sector faces numerous challenges. Farmers invest considerable time, money, and effort into farming activities, with crop selection being a particularly daunting task. Choosing the wrong crop can lead to financial hardships for farmers. Given the imperative to sustainably feed the global population, advancements in agricultural production are essential. While past research has explored methods like statistical analysis and data mining for crop and soil classification, predicting the most suitable crop for a given soil remains challenging. Machine learning techniques have emerged as a promising solution to this issue. The proposed work aims to predict the optimal crop and recommend suitable fertilizers by analyzing soil composition and properties using machine learning algorithms. This approach seeks to address existing challenges and improve prediction accuracy, ultimately assisting farmers in selecting the right crops to maximize yields and earnings.

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Crop Yield Prediction,Machine Learning,Expert Knowledge Integration,Agricultural DataAnalytics,Remote Sensing,Climate Change Adaptation,Precision Agriculture

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China witnessed momentous changes in the countryside after the Third Plenum in December 1978 as major changes in public policy and institutions unfolded. With the onset of reforms, the rural economy posted impressive growth in agriculture and rural industrialization. Did the growth translate into better incomes and consumption, and how was rural income distributed are pertinent questions to ask given the fact that although there was hardly any significant intra-village rural inequality, the peasants were unhappy over their nearly stagnant income and consumption level despite agricultural sector and the rural economy generating enough resources for China's heavy industrialization led economic development. This question is also important because the Deng Xiaoping regime had recognized the peasantry's unhappiness and discontent as a reason for adversely affecting their work -incentive and declining productivity in agriculture and also as an important factor in straining the Party-state-peasant relationship. This paper, from a political economy perspective, drawing upon literature on rural reforms in China, deals with the impact of changes in policy and institutions on the income and consumption levels of the Chinese peasantry during the first decade of post-Mao rural reforms, i.e., 1978-1988. Additionally, this paper looks at the impact of the growth process on poverty and rural income distribution. It finds that while output, employment, and real income grew rapidly, which enabled peasants to enjoy improved diets, have more housing space to themselves, and use new items/articles of consumption, and many came out of absolute poverty, all this was accompanied with rapidly rising rural incomes within villages across rich and poor regions, which became a matter of concern as it portended societal and political disquiet. This period is a prelude to the rise of China as a great power.

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China's rural reforms, peasants, income, consumption, poverty, rural income inequality

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The LGBT communities all around the world have been in a constant battle against the discrimination they face on a daily basis. They are segregated from the mainstream of the society and failed to find their identity with any other sex categories. However, in the recent years they are trying to organize themselves to fight out their concern. Yet they are continues to be ostracized. People in the LGBT community are fighting for equal rights and acceptance. Trans people especially, face a lot of difficulty in finding acceptance. The constitution provides for the fundamental right to equality, and tolerates no discrimination on the grounds of sex, caste, creed or religion. Article 23 prohibits trafficking in human beings as beggars and other similar forms of forced labour. The problem of transgender is more critical compared to other sex. The Supreme Court in the case of "National Legal Services Authority Vs Union of India" declared transgender people to be the third gender. The case affirms that fundamental rights guaranteed in the constitution will be equally applicable to transgender people and entitled to maintain their self-identity as a separate gender. The constitution affirms equality in all spheres of life but the moot question is whether it is being applied to the LGBTs. In this article it is an attempt is made to analyses the rights of LGBTs in India.

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LGBT, Transgender, Constitutional Protection, Gender Justice.

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postpartum blue, antenatal mothers, effectiveness, structured teaching programme, knowledge.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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The pharmaceutical industry plays a vital role in safeguarding global health. However, its supply chain is complex, susceptible to fraud, and often inefficient. Pharmaceutical supply chains are characterized by multiple stakeholders, including manufacturers, distributors, suppliers, and healthcare providers. The intricate nature of this supply chain makes it vulnerable to issues like counterfeit drugs and data inaccuracies. Blockchain, with its inherent features of transparency, immutability, and decentralization, offers a compelling framework to mitigate these challenges. Blockchain enhances transparency by creating an immutable ledger of all transactions. Each drug batch is assigned a unique identifier, recorded on the blockchain and associated with relevant data such as manufacturing details, shipping records and quality test results. Stakeholders across the supply chain can access this information in real-time, ensuring complete visibility and traceability. Counterfeit drugs cause serious problem to public health. Blockchain's secure, tamper-proof records enable consumers and healthcare professionals to verify the authenticity of pharmaceutical products. Smart contracts, self-executing agreements triggered by predefined conditions can automate verification processes, reducing the risk of counterfeit drugs entering the supply chain. Blockchain's cryptographic techniques ensure data security, privacy and protecting sensitive information. Pharmaceutical recalls can be costly and time-consuming. Blockchain's traceability allows for targeted recalls, pinpointing affected batches quickly. Smart contracts can automate the recall process, notifying relevant parties and facilitating the return of products. This efficiency not only saves resources but also enhances patient safety.

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Blockchain, Counterfeit drugs, Pharmaceutical supply chain, Smart contract

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This study explores the intricate and multifaceted world of social media's effects on young people. The study investigates the complex effects of social media usage on several facets of youth development through a thorough analysis of case studies and secondary sources. The results show a conflict between the advantages of self-expression, community building, and connectedness and the disadvantages of diversions, cyberbullying, and mental health issues. The study sheds light on the difficulties young people encounter when navigating this digital environment. As we examine the educational ramifications, we talk about the necessity of digital literacy initiatives, parental supervision, and legislative changes to lessen the harm and encourage young people to use social media responsibly. The goal of this study is to provide a comprehensive knowledge of the dynamic interactions between kids and social media, guiding researchers, educators, parents, and policymakers on how to effectively navigate this rapidly changing landscape.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Youth development; Social Media effects; Mental health; Digital environment; Parental supervision; Responsible use; Policy Guidance

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

???? ????? ?? ???? ??? ??????????? ??? ?? ????, ??????? ???? ??? ???? ?? ??? ????? ???? ???? ?????? ???? ??? ???????? ?? ???? ?? ?? ??????? ???? ????????? ??? ???? ??? ????? ?? ?? ????? ???? ?? ?? ????, ?????, ????????, ?????? ??? ??????? ?????? ?? ???????? ?? ?????? ?? ?? ?? ???? ??? ?? ???? ???????? ???? ??, ???? ???? ?? ??? ???? ??? ???? ???? ?? ??? ???? ?? ????? ????? ?? ???????? ???????? ?? ???? ???? ?? ?? ????? ???? ?? ?? ?? ????? ??? ???? ????? ?? ??? ????? ?? ??? ???????? ??? ??? ??? ??? ??????? ????????? ??????? ?? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ?? ??? ?? ??? ??, ????? ???? ?? ?? ???? ??????? ??? ?????? ????? ??? ????? ?? ??? ???

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??????? ?????? ,????????? , ???????? ???? , ??????? ??? ?????? ?????

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition