Volume 5 | Issue 2

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Sinhalese, National Security, LTTE, Human Rights, IPKF, Jaffna

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E-learning plays a significant role in the present educational world today. It has potential to change the whole education system and due to this very reason e-learning�s usefulness and application increased day by day among learners. E-learning attracts systematic methods through inter-related theories in technology, psychology and education to develop its bases, principles, and applications for higher education. The objective of incorporating e-learning in learning in higher education is to increase access and to improve academic achievement. This study evaluates the attitude of engineering students towards e-learning in Bijnor. 200 Engineering students studying at different engineering colleges of Bijnor city were formed the representative sample group for the study. Attitude Towards e-learning Scale by Dimpal Rani was used for data collection. The analysis of the data revealed that most of the engineering students studying in different engineering colleges of Bijnor City had average attitude towards e-learning. The study also revealed that Male and Female, Rural and Urban, engineering students did not differ significantly in their attitudes towards e- learning.

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Engineering Student, Attitude and E-learning.

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The present paper is an attempt to throw light on ancient Indian textile technology. Reference to the theme is found since the time of Indus Valley Civilization. Clothes were manufactured by dint of a few implements such as spindle whorls, spools, axle of spinning wheel, weaver's shuttle, needles, thimbles etc. A few archaeological sites have been discussed where evidence of cloth was found. On the basis of literary sources and foreign accounts the textile technology has been discussed. References to dress and costumes in general and cloth-cotton, silk and linen-in particular are available from early times. Foreign travellers have stated with hence surprise that the stitched clothes were worn by Indians.

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Ancient Indian Cloth Spinning Methodology

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Postural Deformities, Newyork Posture Rating Test, Sports participants, Non-sports participants

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INSTITUTIONAL SUPPORT FOR DEVELOPMENT SMALL SCALE INDUSTRIES IN INDUSTRIAL ESTATES OF KARNATAKA – A CASE STUDY

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Industrialize or perish, development, small scale industries, socio-economic objectives

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A commercial bank is a type of financial intermediary and a type of bank. It is also known as business banking. It is a bank that provides checking accounts, saving accounts and that accepts time deposits. Commercial banks engage in recreation an significant part in the development of Economic growth of developing country. Development of economic involve savings in a range of sector of the development of economy. The financial institutions mobilize investments from the common people and mobilize investments for investments in manufacturing project. Besides standard financial achieve organization services for the clients. The financial institutions purchase and sell shares, formulate rental fee expenditure, obtain contribution money and accumulate value finances for the administration departments. Consequently these financial institutions

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Banking, Financial, Economic development, Credit appraisal, Techniques.

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Justice remains an esoteric concept inspite of the significantadvancements in legal literature and theory. Right Punitive approach is the fundamental & most conspicuous way to convince a society that Justice has been delivered to safeguard their faith in constitution and legal regime. Once retribution has been achieved, the convict becomes a delinquent child of the State in need of correction and reformation. The following paper, through various landmark judgments, explores how the Indian Judiciary has sought solution to this basic problem of law and if there exists any common principle of penology which echoes in the spirit of Indian Jurisprudence.

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Penology, Criminology, Supreme Court, Retributive Theory, Preventive Theory, Deterrent Theory, Reformative Theory, Rehabilitative theory, Capital punishment, Life Imprisonment.

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welding industry, welding equipment,Indian market, welding consumables.

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The losses from canals need to be minimized to ensure the efficient performance and effective utilization of water. The seepage loss from the unlined canals can be extremely large, even lined canal never seems to eliminate water loss through side and bottom, but by lining we can reduce the water loss. Seepage and evaporation loss are the major components of water loss from canals. In this project water loss is calculated between the Munak canal and Khubru Head by taking the data of the water discharged from Munak Canal and data of the water reached the final stage i.e., Khubru Head. There were total of seven distributaries and data of rainfall and evaporation were also taken into account while calculating the water and seepage losses.

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Estimation of Total Water Losses in a Munak Canal, Panipat

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Indian writing in English has been accredited as an integral and a fundamental constituent of Commonwealth Literature, known for its great vibrancy and resilience. It occupies a prominent place in World Literature Fiction by Indian Women Novelists. Their novels are essentially concerned with the gender discrimination and other problems who are exposed to both physical and psychological abuse and ill-treatment in the male dominated Indian society.

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Previously unsolvable cases are now solved easily with the development of the field of medical jurisprudence. It covers in its ambit the provision of evidence for a wide range and scope of cases. Medical certificates are a crucial piece of documentary evidence but are treated as opinions by the Court of laws. The following paper seeks to elucidate on the legal issues involved in using medical certificates as genuine pieces of evidence and how courts have over the years used them to reach conclusions to facilitate justice. We will also shed light on the legal pre-requisites for issuing medical certificates, issued by National and State Medical Councils. These legal guidelines are largely followed today, yet medical certificates continue to be treated as secondary pieces of evidence due to lack of a holistic statute on issuance of medical certificate.

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Forensic science; Medical Jurisprudence; Medical Certificates; Documentary Evidence; Expert opinion; Witness testimony; Investigating Officer; Registered medical practitioner; Relevant Fact; CrPC; IPC; Indian Evidence Act.

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Tribal population from different ethnic groups constitute a major population in North East India.Tribal has the rich cultural tradition with distinct traits. The British administered the tribal dominated areasintroducing thepolicy of excluded and partially excluded area.British followed the policy of less intervention in regard to tribal affairs. After the independence the Nehru govt initiatedclear tribal policy known as panchaseel which focuses on integration rather than assimilation, respect for their traditional arts and culture and protection of tribal rights. Nehru's two- dimensional strategies,protective and promotional measures dominated iveyear plan approach in regard to tribal affairs.This paper is an analytical study of tribal policy and development strategies across the five year plan and its implication.

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Tribal policy, Integration, Promotional Measures

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Recent advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) have sparked renewed interest in creating systems that learn and reason like humans. Many of these breakthroughs have stemmed from deep neural networks trained end-to-end on tasks like object recognition, playing video games, and board games--often achieving or surpassing human-level performance. However, despite being inspired by biological systems and demonstrating impressive results, these AI models still differ significantly from human intelligence. Insights from cognitive science suggest that to build machines that truly think and learn like people, we must move beyond current engineering trends in both the content and methods of learning. We argue that such systems should: (a) construct causal models of the world to enable explanation and deep understanding, not just pattern recognition; (b) base learning on intuitive theories of physics and psychology to provide a richer foundation for acquiring knowledge; and (c) leverage compositionality and meta-learning ("learning-to-learn") to enable rapid knowledge acquisition and flexible generalization across new tasks and environments. We outline specific challenges and offer potential directions for integrating the strengths of modern neural networks with more structured, cognitively inspired models to advance toward these goals.

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Designing AI Systems with Human-Like Learning and Reasoning Abilities

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Jute known as the "golden fiber," is a natural renewable, biodegradable, and eco-friendly product, meeting standards for safe packages. The jute industry is a significant part of India's economy, providing employment, contributing to export earnings and supporting rural livelihoods with West Bengal being the primary production hub. The jute industry directly employs approximately 3.7 lakh workers and supports the livelihood of around 40 lakh farm families. Jute is a major revenue generating crop, contributing significantly to the agriculture sector's GDP and supporting the economic stability of cultivated regions. India is leading exporter of jute products. The jute industry supports several sectors like gunny bags producing, carpets, ropes and tarpaulins, improving rural economies and industrial activities. This paper made an attempt to identify the performance evaluation of Jute industry in India in terms of production of jute and jute products, its consumption and export and imports. For this purpose the secondary data have been collected from various secondary sources such as books, magazines, journals, and other annual reports etc., and analyzed with the help of statistical tools like percentages, AGRs and CAGR, and presented in the tables.

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Jute Industry, production, consumption, imports, exports, India.

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The Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana (PMJDY) is a flagship financial inclusion program initiated by the Government of India in 2014. The scheme aims to provide universal access to banking facilities, financial literacy, and social security to economically weaker sections of society. This study evaluates the impact of PMJDY on poverty reduction in Bangalore Rural Districts by analyzing its role in financial inclusion, income generation, and social security. The research is based on primary and secondary data collected from beneficiaries, financial institutions, and government reports.

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Jan Dhan Yojana, Financial Inclusion, Poverty Reduction, Bangalore Rural, Economic Development

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Bhattarakadevashakra virchit Pratapakavyasya Dvavinsatisargasya Sampadanamadhyanamcha

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Bhattarakadevashakra virchit Pratapakavyasya Dvavinsatisargasya Sampadanamadhyanamcha

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In the tapestry of mathematical history, the name of madhava of Sangamagrama Stands out as a brilliant Luminary. This 14th-century Indian mathematician and astronomer, often referred to as the " founder of mathematical analysis" made groundbreaking contributions to calculus trigonometry and infinite series centuries before their formalization in Europe. His work, developed within the Kerala school of Astronomy and mathematics, laid the foundation for many of the Key concepts that underpin modern Calculus.

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Tapestry, Brilliant, Luminary, Analysis, Underpin, Concepts.

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This paper explores the status of education among the Tangkhul Naga prior to the arrival of Christianity, focusing on the cultural, social, and historical contexts that shaped their educational practices. The Tangkhul Naga, an indigenous community in Northeast India, possessed a rich oral tradition and a structured system of knowledge transmission that encompassed various aspects of life, including agriculture, governance, and spirituality. Through a review of historical texts, oral histories, and anthropological studies, this research highlights the methodologies employed in education, the roles of community elders and practitioners in knowledge sharing, and the significance of education in maintaining social cohesion and cultural identity. The findings reveal that education among the Tangkhul Naga was not merely an informal process but a vital institution that fostered communal values and skills necessary for survival and development. By understanding the educational framework of the Tangkhul Naga prior to Christian influence, this paper aims to contribute to a broader understanding of indigenous educational systems and their evolution in response to external factors.

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Education, Tangkhul, Naga, Christianity, Manipur, Ukhrul

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BISH SHATAKER BANGA NATOKE BIBORTONER DHARA

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BISH SHATAKER BANGA NATOKE BIBORTONER DHARA

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This module is designed to familiarize learners with the growing body of literature created by Indian authors within the realm of New English Literature. It encompasses a diverse array of writers from different regions of India and beyond. The module explores the historical development of Indian English education and the evolution of Indian English literature. It highlights early contributions from notable figures such as Raja Rammohan Roy, Sarojini Naidu, and Bankim Chandra Chatterjee. Additionally, it will cover Indian English literature produced after Independence, as well as contemporary works by Indian writers globally.

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Component, formatting, style, styling, insert

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