Volume 12 | Issue 2

 Abstract

One of the most effective tools for a country's development is education, which is dependent on instructors' competence. for the learner's overall growth and high-quality education Teachers' expertise, passion, professionalism, and motivation play a major role in this.Today, producing such teachers is a big task for governments all around the world. The teaching profession has become increasingly difficult as a result of the proliferation of knowledge, new pedagogical and psychological theories, philosophy, sociology, and globalization. Therefore, there is a greater need for creative and well-planned teacher education programs. Every country faces a challenge in providing qualified instructors. The teacher education curriculum and regulations have undergone a paradigm shift recently as a result of the efforts to reform and restructure the field, as well as in response to numerous policy papers and documents in India, including the Kothari Commission Report from 1964-1966, the Acharya Ramamurti Committee Report from 1990, the National Curriculum Framework from 2005, the National Knowledge Commission Report from 2007, the NCTE regulations from 2009, the Right to Education Act from 2009, and the NCFTE from 2010. However, there have also been some concerns, including outdated curricula, the length and calibre of internships, in-service teacher education, a lack of practical components, and teacher education via distant mode. This essay discusses certain regulations, problems, and difficulties related to teacher preparation.

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Teacher Education, Issues, Challenges

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Women writers attempted their hands at the new genre of fiction as early as 1879, though it is not till a later date that they could occupy a position of importance. The theme of modern woman's existential struggle to establish her own identity in order her individuality surfaces quite often in the novels of Indian women novelists of post- independence age as can be seen in the works of Kamala Markandaya, Ruth Prawer Jhabvala, Anita Desai and Nayantara Sahgal. Women Writing in English in India present the dilemma which modern women are facing nowadays. The women have to suffer due to their self-will and individual ideas. In the novels of Jhabvala, there are girls who have to suffer due to the blind imitation of western culture. Jhabvala presents their modernity with great irony. Through the description of the Indian woman, which Jhabvala gives in her different novels. Jhabvala wants to highlight vivid facets of women's nature. Her women characters try to be modern and refuse to comply with their surrounding because of their fascination for modernity. Here, Jhabvala in her novel Get Ready for Battle presents a vast picture of modern Indian society through her female characters. The paper throws light on the new woman who thinks and performs the work according to her own wishes. The modern woman does not believe in traditional convictions but sticks to her own convictions and is ready to sacrifice a few things to preserve her identity.

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Existential struggle, blind imitation, western culture, fascination for modernity, traditional convictions, sacrifice, preserve, identity.

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Child mortality rates in developing nations can significantly rise due to Child malnutrition. While child malnutrition itself may not directly cause death, it weakens children's immune systems, rendering them susceptible to fatal diseases and infections. This paper aims to scrutinize the effect of child malnutrition on child mortality in developing nations. To substantiate the study, relevant secondary qualitative data from credible websites and journals has been collected. The study's findings reveal that malnourished children face heightened risks of succumbing to common ailments like diarrhea and pneumonia. Especially in Developing nations, in particular, exhibit a high incidence of child mortality associated with malnutrition. It is imperative for governments to implement necessary, preventive, and effective interventions to eliminate child mortality stemming from malnutrition.

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Child Malnutrition, Child Mortality, Developing Nations.

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This research explores the implementation of digital libraries in rural India, examining the expectations and the actual outcomes. In a rapidly evolving technological landscape, the study investigates the extent to which digital libraries meet the information needs of rural communities. Through surveys, interviews, and case studies, we analyze user expectations, infrastructure challenges, and the impact of digital libraries on education and access to information. The findings shed light on the nuanced relationship between expectations and the reality of digital library adoption in rural India, offering insights for policymakers, educators, and technology developers aiming to bridge the digital divide in marginalized communities.

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Library science, digital library, rural India.

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Satisfied workforces of an organization are more likely to work well in their job without stress, stay long period of time, maintain positive ambience at work place resulting higher revenue and creation of favorable brand name for its society. The security and welfare of society depends upon its students because these are the people who will take the responsibility of the success of the society in future. It may be possible through good teacher who help in achieving student's goal. So teacher's role is very important. The basic purpose of this study is to find the factors that affect job satisfaction of the college teachers and to know their level of job satisfaction. To achieve the objectives of the study, 150 respondents from govt. colleges in Mahendergarh district were selected during year 2023 on random basis. Data is collected through semi structure questionnaire. For the analysis of data Mean, Standard Deviation, Chi Square values are used in SPSS 21.0 software package. It is found that college teachers have moderate level of job satisfaction. Level of job satisfaction between male and female college teachers is same. The college teachers are high satisfied with the nature of their work and least satisfied with operating procedures and fringe benefits.

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JOB SATISFACTION: A STUDY OF GOVERNMENT COLLEGE TEACHERS IN MAHENDERGARH DISTRICT OF HARYANA

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: Indian is moving towards digitalisation by introducing Digital India movement. The question arise that do the Indians are ready for it. Are they aware about the risk associated with the use of apps / online dealing? Lack of awareness regarding the appropriate use of technology increases risk for the users. Across the globe, the cybercrime rate is increasing day by day and one of the reasons is poor skills to use. As a result of negligence while dealing with such technology, many people have borne hug lose. It is not sole responsibility of government to reduce rate of cybercrime. The society has to work collaboratively to create healthy society. After parents, the teacher can be guide for the students as they spend more time at school. If the teacher is skilled then s/he can develop net savvy skills among students. It is one of the ways to reach to the society and create healthy society. In this paper, the authors have made an attempt to enhance net savvy skills among the prospective teachers. 24 prospective teachers from one teacher training college were selected as sample. Data collected with the help of net-savvy skill test and FGDs. The study found that the net-savvy skill of prospective teachers as a result of Net Savvy programme has enhanced and they have started using net-savvy skill while performing various activities online. They not only check authenticity of information but also check appropriateness of source and act accordingly.

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Net-savvy Skill, Cybercrime awareness, Prospective teacher

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Abstract Poverty alleviation is a key objective for many countries. At the beginning of the new millennium, 260 million people in the country did not have incomes to access a consumption basket which defines the poverty line. Of these, 75 per cent were in the rural areas. India is home to 22 per cent of the world's poor. 22 % Indian population live below poverty line whereas 32 % population lives below poverty line in Assam (Economic Survey of Assam, 2013-14). Such a high incidence of poverty is a matter of concern in view of the fact that poverty alleviation has been one of the major objectives in the 21st century. Financial inclusion can serve the purpose to a greater extent. Increasing access of financial services to deprived section of society is the main motto of Financial Inclusion in India. A major section of rural population is deprived of financial access in the form of bank accounts, financial advice, financial services etc. According to census 2011, only 58.7 % of households are availing banking services in the country whereas the percentage of household availing in Assam is only 44.1%. The main problem is the provision of financial services to those living in poverty are excluded from the financial system. These people do not have income nor own a property and therefore, are unable to provide Bank guarantees, as a result of which they are generally forgotten by financial Institutions and Banks. The concept of Financial Inclusion has gained a lot of importance and momentum in this regard in the last decade. Financial inclusion may be defined as the process of ensuring access to financial services and timely and adequate credit where needed by vulnerable groups such as weaker sections and low income groups at an affordable cost (Rangarajan 2008). To make growth inclusive for all sections of the society, initiatives have been taken to make banking and other financial services easily accessible. The first such initiative was the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) policy statement of 2005-06 to achieve 100% financial Inclusion. One of the measures that followed the initial guideline directed commercial banks to open "no frills accounts", i. e, accounts requiring no minimum balance, aimed at the poor. Simplification of KYC norms, Introduction of BC/BF model, Electronic Benefit Transfer(EBT), introduction of KCC/GCCs, Prime Minister Jan Dhan Yojana, Jan Suraksha Bima Yojana are the important initiatives undertaken by the Government if India. Over the years, along with SCBs, RRBs, Co-operative Banks and Societies, Post Offices and Insurance companies have also played an important role in meeting the financial needs of the people. In this paper an attempt is made to explore the available statistics to investigate the level of financial inclusion or access at the household level in Assam from three different aspects- availability of financial services at village level (physical access), access of households to bank accounts and utilization of financial resources and services by households from formal system. The study is a desk study based on secondary sources of data. The scope of study is the state of Assam. Available up-to-date data have been used. They include Basic Statistical Returns of SCBs, Various reports of RBI, NSSO, All India Debt and Investment Survey (AIDIS), Economic Survey of Assam etc. The study found that Assam and especially rural Assam has performed poorly in all three dimensions of financial inclusion- availability, accessibility and usage of financial services. In all the parameters, Assam has been much below the all India average. As far as district-wise banking parameters are concerned, the study indicated a wide variation in all the parameters. No district has performed well in all indicators. The survey data and statistics of banks and other institutions on various dimensions of financial inclusion while expose some significant aspects of the success of financial inclusion drive, when seen individually these fail to give a wholesome picture. Lack of financial literacy is considered as one of the important hurdles in expanding the coverage of financial services to the marginalized sections of the society. Barriers to access both on demand side and supply side require to be removed to achieve greater financial inclusion. Instead of confining to the schemes recommended by the official committees, banks may adopt some innovative schemes for making financial inclusion more meaningful as well as successful.

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Key Words- Poverty Line, poverty alleviation, financial inclusion, no frills accounts, financial literacy, marginalized sections.

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Text Analysis is the discovery and extraction of interesting, non-trivial knowledge from free or unstructured text. This encompasses everything from information retrieval (i.e., document or web site retrieval) to text classification and clustering, to (somewhat more recently) entity relation, and event extraction. Natural language processing (NLP), is the attempt to extract a fuller meaning representation from free text.

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Text filter, text summary , analysis , data correction, large volume text.

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In this study, the hydrothermal method has been used in the Co-Zn spinel ferrites with the chemical formula Co1-xZnxFe2O4 (0.1 <= x <= 0.9) nanoparticles, which have been characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), UV-Vis spectrometer, and photoluminescence properties. XRD investigation confirms the cubic spinel structure and the Debye-Scherer formula was used to determine the crystallite size, showing values of 4.839 to 5.896 nm. FTIR confirms the presence of all functional groups and A, B-site wave numbers are studied and these are responsible for the characteristic of spinel ferrites. The UV-visible analysis was used to explain the variation of optical energy bandgap as Zinc doping was increased and Photoluminescence intensity was found to vary from 420-425 nm for CZF nanoparticles.

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XRD, FTIR, UV-Vis, PL and crystallite size

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This comprehensive document provides an exhaustive exploration of "Drive Fuel," an innovative fuel delivery application poised to revolutionize the energy distribution landscape. The paper delves into every aspect of Drive Fuel, spanning its key features, technological architecture, operational efficiency, user-centric design, safety measures, environmental sustainability initiatives, real-world case studies, and future prospects. By presenting a thorough analysis, this paper aims to contribute to the scholarly discourse surrounding modern energy distribution technologies. This comprehensive analysis unfolds the intricate layers of "Drive Fuel," a pioneering fuel delivery application that addresses the evolving landscape of energy distribution. The paper explores Drive Fuel's user-centric design, which includes a seamless interface, real-time tracking, secure payments, and customized notifications, collectively designed to elevate the user experience. The technological architecture of Drive Fuel is dissected to reveal a robust foundation integrating state-of-the-art technologies.

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Application for Fuel delivery

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This study investigates the relationship between sleep quality and creative achievement. A sample of 305 undergraduate students was surveyed to examine the relationship between sleep quality and creative achievement and the difference in the level of creative achievement based on gender and educational background. The survey included standardized measures for sleep quality and creative achievement. Results indicated a significant positive but weak correlation between sleep quality and creative achievement. Additionally, creative achievement levels were compared on the basis of gender, which indicated there were small to medium differences. It was found that females had a rather more creative achievement than males. The differences in creative achievement were also calculated on the basis of educational background, it was found that there was not enough evidence to prove any significant differences. These findings suggest a potential link between sleep quality and creative achievement. Future research should explore the underlying mechanisms and consider interventions and individualized education plans to promote creativity among young people.

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sleep quality, creative achievement, gender, educational background

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In a world demanding sustainable energy solutions, the Mechanical Footstep Power Generator (MFPG), leveraging human movement for electricity. Recognizing the untapped potential of urban foot traffic, we explore into mechanical energy harvesting, with the goal of turning every step into a meaningful source of renewable energy. The MFPG relies on a sophisticated interplay of mechanical components strategically embedded beneath walkable surfaces. A rack and two pinion mechanism, and springs work in concert to convert vertical forces exerted by footsteps into rotational motion, subsequently driving a generator to produce electrical power. This innovative mechanical approach not only capitalizes on the consistent nature of human movement but also provides sustainable power generation. The conceptualization, design, and implementation of the Mechanical Footstep Power Generator, emphasizing the engineering intricacies involved in maximizing energy extraction efficiency. Through comprehensive experimentation and analysis, we evaluate the MFPG's performance, considering factors such as mechanical efficiency, scalability, and adaptability to diverse environments. The Mechanical Footstep Power Generator project signifies a step towards a greener, more sustainable future.

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Rack-Two pinion, Generator, Spring, Footstep.

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Beach Sand Minerals, Thorium, Monazite, Nuclear Fuel, Minerals

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Technology is seen as the primary cause of changes in society. Technology has improved in many areas such as communication, transportation, education, learning process and many other infrastructure areas. Technological products considerably influence human life in this digital era. Arrival of mobile phones has become a pivoted turning point in the fate of technological life. One of the bestowals of the mobile era is the introduction to the selfie world. It has become a sensation to all. Selfie is a term used to describe taking photos of oneself to share on social media platforms. It is hard to find people in this world who never had taken any selfies. The art of taking selfies is practiced by many but for some, the behaviour can become addictive. Nowadays, selfie had become an inevitable part in every aspect of life especially for youngsters. Craving for taking selfies is increasing day by day. Introduction of high resolution-cameras added more impact to this situation. Taking excessive selfies can cause a mental disorder called 'selfitis'. Selfitis is an obsessive compulsion to take photos and display it through social media. People try to take selfies even in dangerous ways in order to get more attention from others. The youngsters consider taking selfies by standing on top of building edges, Mountain tops or whole operating vehicles as trending and these trends can put their life at risk. A cross sectional study conducted by Dr. Somnath and Dr. Rajesh Kumar in 2022 to assess selfie addiction among UG medical students shown that; among 220 students 14% take 3-5 selfies and to post on social media daily, 8% takes selfies in dangerous ways in which number of males is more than females. Outcome shown that age and gender affect the number of selfies one takes. This is developing as a new mental disorder 'selfitis". Although not an officially recognized mental health disorder's 'selfitis' is a growing trend. There is a huge difference between act of taking selfies occasionally and selfie addiction. Taking and posting selfies is nowadays considered as an important part of online self-representation. The actual aim of this self-representation is to get attention, approval and praise by others. When they do not get expected attention or appreciation they usually go on to depression and other psychological disorders. Some may go to their extreme in dangerous ways, merely to get a good photo. But these behaviours are dangerous and life threatening. On this background,the researcher have undertaken this study to determine selfie addiction among adolescents.

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BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

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The document presents the design and implementation of a comprehensive Full Stack Document Management System (DMS) utilizing HTML, CSS, JavaScript, PHP, and MySQL technologies. The system aims to provide organizations with a robust and user-friendly platform for efficient document creation, storage, retrieval, and collaboration. The system's front end is developed using HTML for structure, CSS for styling, and JavaScript for dynamic and responsive user interfaces. The user interface is designed to emphasize simplicity and intuitiveness, ensuring a seamless experience for novice and advanced users. The back-end is powered by PHP, facilitating server-side scripting and enabling seamless communication between the user interface and the database. PHP handles user authentication, document storage, retrieval, and management functionalities. The system employs secure coding practices to ensure the confidentiality and integrity of the stored documents. The data management component of the system relies on MySQL, a robust relational database management system. The database schema is designed to efficiently store and organize documents, user profiles, access permissions, and other relevant information. Proper indexing and normalization techniques are implemented to optimize data retrieval and enhance system performance.

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Optimization Algorithm

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The present study was aimed to identify and construction of specific offensive skill test and norms for school level kabaddi players of Kanchipuram district Sixty (N=60), school level kabaddi boys between the age group of 15-18 years were selected. All the subjects, after having been informed about the objective and protocol of the study, gave their consent and volunteered to participate in this study. The data, which was collected by administering tests, was statistically treated to develop for all the test items. In order to construct the norms, Percentile Scale was used. To conclude, it is evident that in Running Hand Touch, the scores below 15.743 are considered very poor, from about 15.743-14.013 is considered poor, 14.013-10.553 is considered average, 10.553-8.823 is considered good and the scores above 8.823 are considered very good scores for Kabaddi Players of Kanchipuram district. Summarizing from the findings we can conclude, it is evident that in Double Toe Touch, the scores below 14.07 are considered very poor, from about 14.07-12.61 is considered poor, 12.61-9.69 is considered average, 9.69- 8.23 is considered good and the scores above 8.23 are considered very good scores for Kabaddi Players of Kanchipuram district. To conclude, it is evident that in Rear leg Kick, the scores below 8.74 are considered very poor, from about 8.74-10.52 is considered poor, 10.52-14.08 is considered average, 14.08-15.86 is considered good and the scores above 15.86 are considered very good scores for Kabaddi Players of Kanchipuram district

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Kabaddi, offensive skills, Running hand touch, Double toe touch, Rear leg kick, skill tests, norms, school-level players, Kanchipuram district, Tamil Nadu

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Concrete is a composite material comprising 60-75 percent of aggregates, with 30-40% of this volume consisting of aggregates. Fine aggregate, a crucial component of concrete, often utilizes river sediment as the preferred option. The Indian furniture market is expected to achieve a CAGR of 10.9% during 2023-28, reaching $32.7 billion by 2026. The wood processing industry generates a substantial amount of sawdust. Besides its thermal combustion, this residue is abundantly available, looking for its consumable substitute in the industrial process. Natural river sand proves expensive in regions distant from the river source. Incorporating sawdust into the concrete industry could offer a solution for its safe disposal. A special type of concrete, known as Lightweight Concrete, is produced with a density lower than traditional concrete. This concrete is suitable for non-loading members, reducing the dead loads on structural members and consequently lowering design values for cost-effectiveness. In this experimental investigation, a normal M20 grade of concrete was prepared. Subsequent mixes were then prepared by replacing the sand fraction with sawdust. The resulting samples underwent testing for compressive strength, density, and water retention ability. The results obtained from the proposed mixed combinations suggest that utilizing sawdust for non-load-bearing members is feasible by producing lightweight concrete through the incorporation of sawdust.

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Concrete, Sawdust, Material, Aggregate, Strength, Cement

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The shift of business data and applications to the cloud has significantly enhanced security and threat detection capabilities. Traditional security strategies need to be reassessed to effectively safeguard against advanced threats in the delicate network infrastructures of cloud environments. Recognizing this challenge, artificial intelligence (AI) plays a crucial role in improving the precision and swiftness of threat identification and response. This study delves into the influence of AI on cloud security and threat detection. It explores the effective utilization of AI-based mechanisms in detecting attacks, drawing insights from more than 80 research papers. The analysis encompasses considerations of factors like the algorithms employed and performance metrics used for detection. The primary goal of this study is to furnish a comprehensive overview of various AI-based mechanisms in intrusion detection, providing valuable insights for future researchers to gain a deeper understanding of the challenges associated with multi-classification of attacks.

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Intrusion detection, Cloud, Supervised learning, Unsupervised learning

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Sign Language is mainly used by deaf (hard hearing) and dumb people to exchange information between their own community and with other people. It is a language where people use their hand gestures to communicate as they can't speak or hear. Sign Language Recognition (SLR) deals with recognizing the hand gestures acquisition and continues till text or speech is generated for corresponding hand gestures. Here hand gestures for sign language can be classified as static and dynamic. Deep Learning Computer Vision is used to recognize the hand gestures by building Deep Neural Network architectures (Convolution Neural Network Architectures) where the model will learn to recognize the hand gestures images over an epoch.

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Sign Language, CNN, Deep Learning, Communication

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