Volume 6 | Issue 2

 Abstract

True random number generators (TRNGs) play a very important role in modern cryptographic systems. Field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) form an ideal platform for hardware implementations of many of these security algorithms. In this brief, we present a highly efficient and tunable TRNG based on the principle of beat frequency detection, specifically for Xilinx-FPGA-based applications. The main advantages of the proposed TRNG are its on-the-fly tunability through dynamic partial reconfiguration to improve randomness qualities. The proposed TRNG has low hardware footprint and built-in bias elimination capabilities. The random bit streams generated from it pass all tests in the NIST statistical test suite.

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 Keywords

Digital clock manager(DCM),dynamic partial reconfiguration(DPR),FPGA,TRNG

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 Abstract

Data encryption is used widely to ensure high security in open networks such as the internet. The fast development of cryptography research and computer technology, capabilities of cryptosystems such as RSA and Diffie-Hellman are inadequate due the requirement of large number of bits. The cryptosystem based on Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC) is becoming the recent trend of public key cryptography.In recent years, Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC) has grabbed the attention of researchers and product developers because of its robust mathematical structure and highest security in comparison to other existing algorithms like RSA (RivestAdleman and Shameer Public key Algorithm) and ELGAMAL algorithm. Elliptic Curve Digital signature represents one of the most widely used security technologies for ensuring un-forge-ability and non-repudiation of digital data. Its performance depends on an operation called point multiplication. The ECCDSA involves point addition and point doubling operations. It is found to be more secure in contrast to existing RSA and ELGAMAL algorithms.

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 Keywords

ECDSA, ECC, Point multiplication, Point Addition,Signature generation, Signature verification.

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Sensor networks have presently been an active research area mainly because of the significance of their applications. This project proposes to implement wireless sensor networks based Air pollution monitoring. RSPM (Respirable Suspended Participate Matter), Carbon Dioxide (CO2) and Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2) from the air are monitored as these gases determine the level of pollution. The use of MQ-6, MQ-135 sensors enabled us to monitor the Carbon Dioxide and Nitrogen Dioxide levels in the atmosphere. Also temperature and humidity is monitored using DHT11 sensor. The Atmega processor is used as the prominent platform for interfacing those sensors and the sensed data is processed wirelessly through Zigbee modules (Xbee S2C). The data hence received from the sensor device is simultaneously stored in a system as a help for a future reference in the levels of contamination. Thus with the help of the collected data, proper precautions can be taken to minimize the pollution levels in the air thus making human life sustainable.

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 Keywords

Wireless Network, Sensors

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In exhibit time inn housekeeping isn't restricted to cleaning and keeping up different surfaces in the inns however significantly more past that. My article investigates the present difficulties, best practices and rising patterns in lodging housekeeping which if executed well, could prompt higher development and savvy apparatus for the inn business. This paper has audited the scholastics and well known lodging housekeeping patterns. Lodging housekeeping need to address driving difficulties, patterns and best practices as eco-accommodating works on, outsourcing, IT wise housekeeping, preparing, maintenance of representatives, finance execution and Ergonomics systems. On the off chance that the lodgings actualize these patterns in a sorted out way, it can prompt inn development openings and long haul benefit. This paper expands new desperation to grow new patterns in inn housekeeping space particular for complex advantages

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Housekeeping, Trends, Hospitality industry, Hotels

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Heat pipes are popular passive heat transfer devices owing to their high efficiency. Over the last several decades, several factors have contributed to a major transformation in heat pipe science and technology. In this paper, an overview of heat pipes is presented which includes principles of operations, types of heat pipes, heat pipe performance characteristics, limitations, various applications of heat pipes and gaps in the research of Thermosyphon and wicked heat pipes.

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 Keywords

Heat Pipe, Two phase closed Thermosyphon(TPCT), Wick, Heat Pipe Limitations, Heat Pipe Performance

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 Abstract

The Deccan traps offer excellent material for stratigraphic studies as the traps outcrop as an uninterrupted sequence of flows through of the terrain with occasional presence of few intertrappean beds. Krishnan (1960) has broadly classified the Deccan trap into lower, middle and upper stratigraphic grouped based on the distribution and relative proportion of intertrappean sedimentary beds an ash layers with relation to their height. The lower traps represent outlier part of the province. The middle trap comprises the central Deccan a Malwa plateau where as the western ghat near Maharashtra and Gujarat refers to upper traps. In the Asirgarh area the detailed stratigraphic aspects of the various lava flows exposed are study have been carried out to understand the flow stratigraphy of the lava pile. This detailed study based on megascopic and microscopic characteristic of the rock and geochemical analysis. The detailed stratigraphic investigation carried out in 465m thick lava pile exposed in the study area permit the broad division of Malwa subgroup into three formations namely Dahinala, Asirgarh and Amba. The formation boundaries are differing by characters such as field character, phenocrystic assemblages and appearance of giant phenocrystic basalt horizon (GPB). The Deccan traps offer excellent material for stratigraphic studies as the traps outcrop as an uninterrupted sequence of flows through of the terrain. Considering the vastness of the area and magnitude of the problem, a sincere attempt has been made in this study to establish the stratigraphy of Asirgarh volcanic. It is hoped that these results may provide a model to bring out the regional evolution and structure of Deccan Traps as a whole.

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Deccan plateau, stratigraphy, chemical types.

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ABSTRACT: The current paper deals with the preliminary investigations on the use of sugarcane bagasse ash (SCBA) as partial replacement of cement in concrete, resulting in a binary blended concrete. The physical properties of blended cement, such as specific gravity are evaluated. Fresh concrete containing SCBA resulted in a mix with more water demand and hence, lower slump. From the evaluation of nearly 50 cubes and cylindrical specimen for compressive and split tensile strength it was inferred that 10% replacement of SCBA resulted in optimized value of replacement, without affecting the strength parameters of concrete.

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sugarcane bagasse ash, slump, Hardened concrete, binary blended cement.

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US- United States

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Traditional routing algorithms require a definite path between source and destination. Many traditional algorithms fail in Intermittently connected network where there is no specific path to source and destination. Intermittently connected mobile networks are wireless networks where most of the time there does not exist a complete path from the source to the destination. There are many real networks that follow this model, for example, wildlife tracking sensor networks, military networks, vehicular ad hoc networks, Habitat monitoring sensor networks etc. Spray routing has been a good routing algorithm for Delay tolerant network. In this paper we will show community aware routing in spray technologies for Delay tolerant network. We also show the simulation results for Spray technologies using community aware routing as a mobility model.

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community aware routing,spray and wait,spray and focus

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This paper reviews various articles and documents on agricultural production. Agribusiness is one of the critical modern divisions in India and the nation's economy is profoundly subject to it for provincial maintainability. Agriculture contributes around 34% to the total national output (GDP) and gives work to around 36% of family units in the financial year 2016.Agribusiness influences atmosphere through outflows of ozone depleting substances (GHGs, for example, carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide. Agribusiness could be an answer for environmental change by the far reaching reception of moderation and adjustment activities.

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Keywords: Agriculture; Climate change; Greenhouse gas emissions

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Pattern recognition of speech signals is ability to translate a spoken word to text format. This paper presents an authority speech recognition system based on curvelet transform and artificial neural network techniques to enhance the recognition rate. This research comprised in two distinct phases, a feature extractor and recognizer is presented. In feature extraction phase, curvelet transform extract the features from the input speech signal and detail components of these signals which assist in achieving higher recognition rate. For feature matching, artificial neural networks is used as classifiers. The performance evaluation has been described in terms of accurate recognition rate, interfering sounds, hit rates, false alarm and miss rates. The rate of accurate classification was about 95.3 % for the sample speech signals.

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 Keywords

Pattern Recognition, Speech recognition, Curvelet transforms, Feature extraction, Artificial intelligence.

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 Abstract

As of now, close by there is a raising movement of people towards metropolitan zones. Physical condition concerned naval forces are the lone critical viewpoint that is profoundly overstated by means of the tremendous incur of masses to metropolitan focuses. In like manner, urban areas about the earth are contributing profoundly encompassed by advanced insurgency that undertaking to invest with physically fit once more bionetwork for masses. Amid such unrest, a huge number of homes are mortal set with shrewd procedure which generates the enormous quantity of net-texture and indistinguishable information to facilitate can be equipped for investigating the keen city administrations. In this original copy, we prescribe an imitation to encourage the use of the keen abiding huge insights as an asset of savvies and finding singular developments for prosperity concerned applications. We plan to utilize the continuous example mining, group examination and figure to assess and investigate vitality dealing with changes started by inhabitants' activities. Since individuals' training are consistently perceived by day by day schedules, finding these timetables enables us to recognize the anomalous activities that may assign individuals' trouble in charming nurture themselves, for example, foodstuff not been prepared on time or don't have a shower. Our effort tends to that require investigating the common vitality use designs at the electrical gadget level, which is straightly interrelated to singular activities.

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mining, metropolitan, electrical devices, physical condition, Activity Recognition

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 Abstract

Expansive soils have a high tendency of swelling and shrinking behavior depending on the seasonal variations; its volume increases during a rainy season and decreases during a dry season. Due to swelling and shrinking characteristics, it brings a major problem on geotechnical engineering structures and devastation to life. A road which is being constructed on expansive soils has no strength to carry a load and cannot resist any stresses. As it was reviewed from different literatures, the combination of lime and CSP stabilizes a problematic soil. The laboratory characteristics of subgrade expansive soils was investigated before and after the addition of lime and coconut shell powder separately and both mixtures to soils at different percentage, thus the properties of these materials was discussed and analyzed for how much they are effective in soil stabilization. Lime and coconut shell powder stabilization is the best option to control the volume changes of fine grained and expansive soils by adding appropriate percentage. Under this research the effectiveness (performance) of Lime and coconut shell powder was analyzed to determine the shear strength and swelling characteristics of expansive soils. The soil classification, Index Property, standard proctor compaction behavior, California Bearing Ratio (CBR), Optimum Moisture Content (OMC), Unconfined Compression Strength (UCS) and Free Swell properties were determined. The lime and CSP stabilized soil increases the value of CBR and UCS; the amount of the material added to the soil has a great impact for the strength being developed. Addition of lime and CSP are the most stabilizers used to reduce the plasticity of the soil and improves the strength of the soil and it brings a permanent modification with an easy manner. The optimum compressive strength of lime and CSP treated soil increases up to 6% and 5% respectively and starts to decreases as the amount of the material increases. The 8% of lime and 7% of CSP mixing together also increases the values of UCS. The increment of UCS due to lime and CSP is due to the initial increment of the moisture content. As the content of lime and CSP increases, the amount of moisture content increases and the dry density of the treated materials decreases due to the low specific gravity of lime and CSP relative to soil.

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California bearing ratio, expansive soil, soil stabilization, Black cotton soil, coconut shell powder.

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Pneumatic system, Worm gear and Hand operated direction control valves

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In this study, we report the study of the inhibition effect of Nardostachys jatamansi root extract on corrosion of mild steel in hydrochloric acid using weight loss measurements and electrochemical techniques. The inhibitor efficiency of Nardostachys jatamansi root extract was found to vary with concentration was kept uniform for 24 h and temperatures were kept uniform for 2 h. Experimental results revealed that inhibition efficiency (I.E %) increased with increasing inhibitor concentration. As temperatures increased, a percentage of inhibition decreases. Experimental results revealed that inhibition efficiency (I.E %) increased with increasing inhibitor concentration. As temperatures increased, a percentage of inhibition decreases. The inhibitive and adsorptive characteristics of ethanol extract of Nardostachys jatamansi root extract for the corrosion of mild steel (MS) in 1M HCl solutions have been studied using following methods for monitoring corrosion. Ethanol extract of Nardostachys jatamansi root extract is a good adsorption inhibitor for the corrosion of mild steel in HCl. The methods used were weight loss, an effect of temperature, polarization and Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopic (EIS). The inhibition efficiency(I.E.) increases with inhibitor concentration. The adsorption study of these compounds of mild steel surface found to obey Nardostachys jatamansi root extract adsorption isotherm. The value of free energy of adsorption ( ?G0ads ), a heat of adsorption (Quads), the energy of activation (Ea), enthalpy of adsorption( ?H0ads) and entropy of adsorption ( ?S0ads) were calculated. The present study indicates that Nardostachys jatamansi root extract is a good inhibitor for the corrosion of Mild steel in the hydrochloric acid medium.

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Mild steel, Hydrochloric acid, Nardostachys jatamansi root extract, corrosion, inhibition effect.

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During the past decade, nanotechnology with its brisk development has seized the attention of scholars, scientists and engineers. Nanolubricants are one of the astonishing outcomes of nanotechnology which could remarkably enhance the effectiveness of lubricating systems. In this study, an attempt has been made to cover the factors affecting the viscosity of nanolubricants. Through the available literature, the effects of volume fraction, temperature, particle size and shape on the viscosity of nanolubricants are discussed.

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Nanolubricants; viscosity; lubricating systems; volume fraction; temperature

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 Abstract

Ranking is a relationship between an arrangement of things such that, for any two things, the first is either 'positioned higher than', 'positioned lower than' or 'positioned equivalent to' the second. Review Mining is one of the current branches of data mining. Review is a combination of words, and sentences. Review mining depends on the reviews of different clients. Review mining is utilized to classify each review as positive or negative. Review mining is known as a kind of common dialect preparing if there should arise an occurrence of recognizing the mind-set of the general population about a specific item. Review mining and sentiment analysis have been used to cover a wide extent of uses. As there are many customer reviews available on the Internet and going through all the reviews is not possible because the number of reviews can be large or can be lengthy which can consume most of the time of the user. So subsequently, it is vital to reflect reviews in a ranking to settle on a decision effortlessly. This survey has explored various papers and research-work which examines the suggestion strategy in light of opinion mining using to prescribe top ranking to the purchasers.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

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 Keywords

Data Mining, Predictive Analytics, Stepwise Linear Regression Model, C4.5 Decision Tree, K-Nearest Neighbor, Machine Learning Algorithm, Regression Techniques, and Classification Techniques, Agriculture

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The present paper proposes to extend the notion of quasimetric on an arbitrary atomistic lattice L. Such a matric lattice on L will determine a neighbourhood (shortly nhd) structure, a generalisation of which leads to the concepts of uniformity as well as proximity on L.

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 Keywords

quasimetric lattice (non-symmetric metric), arbitrary atomistic lattice, uniformity, proximity

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In Construction Industry, competitive bidding has long been used as a method for contractor selection. Because the true cost of the project is not known until the completion of the project, adverse selection is a major concern. Since the tendering process is inherently price competitive, the application of the tendering contract concept is likely to severely inhibit the opportunity for alternative tenders this paper aims at providing an overview about literature on tendering process for infrastructure projects. Three main interest areas can be found in the literature: tendering procedures, types of tenders and criteria for bid evaluation.

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Tendering, Tendering Procedure, Bid Evaluation, Bid Evaluation Criteria

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