Volume 6 | Issue 2

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Maerua oblongifolia, Phytochemical, Freeradicals, Antioxidant, DPPH, Nitric Oxide, DNA Sugar Damage, Antimicrobial.

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Banking sector plays a pertinent role in the development of the country as it the backbone of the economy. Therefore, the two important aspects of the banking sector in India i.e. productivity and efficiency has assumed primal importance due to intense competition, greater customer demands and changing banking reforms. This study attempts to measure the comparative analysis of the performance of commercial banks. For this study, public sector banks (SBI) and old private sector banks (J&K Bank) have been used. In the service sector, it is difficult to quantify the output because it is intangible and production of services cannot transform the resources it can only move them. Hence different proxy variable are used for measuring productivity of banking sector. Categorisation of the banking sector in India was undertaken on the basis of employees productivity , branch productivity, returns on asset and equity. Overall, the analysis supports the conclusion that public sector banks are on average most efficient and old private sector banks are lacking behind instead of the consistent performance. In different aspects such as size, the smaller banks are globally efficient, but the fact is large banks are locally efficient. It means that efficiency and productivity are interrelated. It is true that productivity is not the sole factor but it is an important factor which influence to efficiency. The key to increase productivity is increase efficiency. At the end paper recommends some suggestions in order to tackle the challenges faced by the banks particularly old private sector banks in India.

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In the todays situation, everything is getting advanced. It is the period of the digitalization. Every single work is getting digitalised, from Exchanging to E-Learning. In the period of the digitalisation, the exchanges are made in the advanced way. Cryptographic money is the computerized cash which is created in the carefully and utilized as advanced installment through the advanced wallet. Digital currency is created by Mr. . Named as Bitcoin.Bitcoin is the principal computerized money which is came in the market in the year 2008. Digital currency is made the distributed exchanges and this money is all around acknowledged. Increasingly the money is utilized the estimation of the cash is increments. The point for the exploration paper is to discover the contrast between two calculations SHA256 and scrypt.

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Scrypt, SHA-256, CryptoCurrecncy,Bitcoin

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The construction industry is a complex and competitive environment in which participants with different views, talents and levels of knowledge of the construction process work together. In this complex environment, participants from various professions, each has its own goals and each expects to make the most of its own benefits. In the construction industry, since differences in perceptions among the participants of the projects, conflicts are inevitable. If conflicts are not well managed, they quickly turn into disputes. Disputes are one of the main factors which prevent the successfully completion of the construction project. Thus, it is important to be aware of the causes of disputes in order to complete the construction project in the desired time, budget and quality. Construction claims are also found in almost every construction project. It is the seeking of consideration or change by one of the parties involved in the construction process. Nowadays, the substantially increasing volume of claims are the result of the rising complexity of the projects, the price structure of the construction industry and the legal approach taken by a lot of owners and contractors. There are several researches that show the order of magnitude of the effects from construction claims on cost and time of the projects. During the past two decades, serious disputes concerning construction contracts have become increasingly common in construction projects. It is common practice for designers, contractors and owners to negotiate small and uncomplicated disputes, but larger and more complex ones frequently hinder the project through involvement with lengthy legal issues. Typically, if the parties cannot reach a resolution themselves, expensive, time-consuming legal procedures begin, which severely affects all the participants. Disputes are a reality in every construction project. Without the means to address them, minor issues can fester and grow, with crippling consequences for project participants. The rising cost, delay and risk of litigation in construction disputes has prompted the construction industry to look for new and more efficient ways to resolve these disputes outside the courts. It has been found that when resolution occurs sooner rather than later and when this resolution is relatively confrontational, there is a much better chance that litigation can be avoided. Waiting until the end of a project to address a dispute inevitably makes it harder and more expensive to resolve. Parties involved in a construction dispute, or indeed any commercial dispute, generally prefer to retain control over the outcome and maintain a working business relationship.

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Factors Affecting Contract Claim Management in Construction

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BOT, PPP.

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 Abstract

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Advance PCA Algorithm, Raspberry Pi, Pi Camera, GSM Module, Database, Gmail, Android Application, Etc.

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The attention of the world towards sustainable development is one of the major concerns from the past few years. This may be due to use of natural resources in bulk quantity in construction sector or any other industrial sector. This act of using huge volume of natural aggregates in construction industry leads to the shortage of natural aggregate in construction process. The latest trend in construction industry is to use alternate materials which can be best substitute of natural aggregates so that there is no compromise in terms of strength and durability considerations of structure. Reusing waste materials as an alternative to natural aggregates can help in reducing environmental problems, pollution, waste disposal and global warming. From the last few years, it has been found that the waste generated from demolition of construction site and old structures is increasing at more rapidly. Thus, reusing and recycling these wastes may reduce the usage of natural aggregates and thus contribute in reducing environmental hazards. Marble powder creates environmental problems but due to presence of high oxide calcium content, which is cementing property, marble can be used as in the partial replacement of cement in cement sand mixAs nowadays, marble is widely used in structures which increase the amount of waste that obtained from it. As marble powder is the waste product which is obtained during the process of sawing and shaping of marble by parent marble rock, contains heavy metals which makes the water unfit for use.. It is also useful because marble waste is a by-product of marble production and also creates environmental pollution in large scale. Therefore, it could be possible to prevent the environmental pollutionIn this research work, the effects of using waste marble powder (WMP) as a partial replacement of cement and sand on the mechanical properties of the concrete have been investigated. For this purpose seven different series of concrete-mixtures were prepared by partially replacing cement, sand with WMP at proportions of 0, 10 and 15% by weight separately and in combined form. In order to determine the effect of the WMP on the compressive strength, split tensile strength and flexural strength, strengths of the samples were recorded at the curing ages of 7 and 28 days. Finally, all of the data were compared with each other & it was observed that the addition of WMP such that would partially replace the sand and cement separately at particular proportions has displayed an enhancing effect on the mechanical properties of concrete mix.

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Waste marble powder, concrete, compressive strength, flexure strength, split-tensile strength

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Extra-dosed Bridge, Cable stayed, Girder Bridge, Staad-Pro

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Artificial Immune Recognition System (AIRS), is one of the supervised learning algorithm that has shown significant success on broad range of classification problems. The focus of this work is the AIRS algorithm, specifically the techniques history, previous research and algorithm function. Competence with the AIRS algorithm is demonstrated in terms of theory and application. The AIRS algorithm is analysed from the perspective of reasonable design goals for an immune inspired AIS and a number of limitations and areas for improvement are identified. The artificial Immune recognition system is one of the broad to the field of computational Intelligence.

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Artificial Immune Recognition System(AIRS), Data mining, Classification

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 Abstract

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Keywords - Piper geochemical facies, PHREEQC, Speciation, Saturation Indices, Inverse flow mineral model, Dissolution, Precipitation.

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A normal grass cutter moving with IC engine will run based on the energy from petrol. The major drawbacks of this technology are high running cost; create noise pollution and air pollution. Also, an IC engine requires periodic maintenance such as changing the engine oil, mechanical maintenance. It is an innovative technology of cutting grass without any pollution, electric as well as solar grass cutter are environmentally friendly and also arrangement of spread nozzle by using pump.

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Grass cutter, controller, DC Motor, Rechargeable Battery, spread nozzle, Cre-o software.

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Automated security systems are essential at present environment. These days most of the personal and official records and banking transactions statements, use of personal gadgets like mobile, and tablets are frequently performed using automated security system for identification. Face recognition systems accomplish the task through face acquisition, facial feature extraction and feature Matching. In the proposed face recognition system using PCA for matching of reference image with all images of database and create a suspect list. Then FFT is use to match reference image with faces in suspect list created by PCA. The result shows that proposed system provides higher accuracy in all the conditions in comparison to PCA based systems, while run time is slightly increased.

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pca, fft

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WhatsApp recently enabled End-to-End security with 256-bit encryption. Using this encryption method a single word can take hours and days to decrypt; envision for trying to decode a sentence or entire message. But though the messaging platforms are highly secure, they can still be bypassed by a hacker to intercept your messages. Neither the flaw exists in the messaging app nor its services but may it do exist in telecom operator’s technology. Signaling System 7, or SS7, is the main culprit and it is the technology used by telecom operators, on which the highly secure messaging system and telephone calls rely.

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Vulnerability,End-to-Endsecurity,eavesdropping,Vulnerability,DRA, Spoofing,IME,MAC,Encryption,Decryption,DiffieHellman

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The early stage detection of damage and prediction of an upcoming accident in civil structure require continuous structural health monitoring for the large area. The position of sensors and monitoring system also plays an important role in structural monitoring which increases demand for the reliable civil structural monitoring system. On the other hand, determining the dynamic behavior of civil structure require the dense development of sensor. The wired civil structure monitoring system is highly expansive and always needs large installation space to deploy. This project describes wireless sensor network which consumes low power and less space. The wireless sensor network is developed to detect physical parameters of civil structures continuously and send the sensor information to internet cloud server via TCP/IP protocol. The user can access graphical view of various sensors from the cloud server. The cloud server utilizes MATLAB program to give the graphical representation of WSN data. The WSN consists of a sensor to continuously sense various physical parameters of a Civil structure such as temperature, humidity, light, and vibration. WSN user processor interface system with Raspberry pi is in low cost and consumes a small amount of power. The sensor data received will be processed by Raspberry pi using Python programming and sends sensor information to cloud server via internet. On cloud server, a user with server account can access real-time WSN data and view graphically using MATLAB. In this project, an email alert is also developed such that when WSN detect critical values of sensor data and predict upcoming accident in civil structure, it will be notified to the user. The user can also access WSN for an announcement when damage and upcoming accidents are predicted.

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Raspberry Pi, MATLAB, TCP/IP protocol, WSN, Dynamic

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Differential equations play an important role in science, engineering and social sciences. They occur quite frequently in our daily life. The motion of an object can always be associated with a differential equation. The change in prices of commodities, the flow of liquids, the concentration of chemicals etc., often lead to differential equations. Most of the equations occurring in applications, are not only depend on the current state but also depends on the past history and these types of equations are called delay differential equations.

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Delay differential equation

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Today, the Big Data and its analysis plays a major role in the world of Information Technology with the applications of Cloud Technology, Data Mining, Hadoop and MapReduce. Securing the valuable data from the intruders, viruses and worms are a challenge for the past several decades. So many researchers developed methods and technologies to protect the data. Since all traditional technologies are applicable for only their structured data, we required a new technology to secure and make privacy in the structured, semi-structured and unstructured data (Big Data). In this research paper we have studied various security and privacy methodologies proposed by the various researchers and analyse the merits and demerits of those methodologies.

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Big data, Data analysis, Cloud, Data mining, Hadoop, MapReduce, security and privacy methodologies.

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MANET consists of mobile nodes that are in radio reach of one. Each of the nodes has a wireless interface to correspond with one another. All networking functions, for example, routing and data transmission, are performed by nodes themselves in an organizing toward oneself way. Because of these reasons, securing communication in MANET is extremely difficult. In this study, we proposed an improved Qos routing algorithm for MANETs called E-GAMAN. The proposed methodology has two algorithms: SSRA and GAMAN. Simulation results show that E-GAMAN algorithm has a great execution and is a guaranteeing algorithm for Qos routing in MANET

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secure communication, MANET, Qos, Qos routing, E-GAMAN, SSRA, GAMAN

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Governments, especially in developing and emerging economies, are limited in their capacity to promote social development, due to lack of resources to handle such a formidable task. The tax base is too narrow to generate adequate funds for a list of several competing needs. Governments do not have sufficient number of trained staff with a focused approach who can implement social marketing programs effectively at the grass roots level. This is where NGOs are playing an increasingly important role. Based on experience in other parts of the world, NGOs in these countries can also apply marketing practices successfully for socio-economic development. While much research has been done in the West in the area of social marketing, the subject is relatively unexplored in India

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NGOs, Marketing , Government.

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Cellular telecommunication is widely spreading around the world. Mobile handsets are often used in the vicinity of the human head. The continuous growth of wireless mobile services has forced the worldwide mobile handset manufacturers to consider the mutual interactions between the mobile terminals and human .The performance of mobile is altered due to the proximity of the human head due to SAR.Speci?c Absorption Rate (SAR) is a parameter which define the quality of the device lower is the value of SAR higher is the efficiency and lesser effects of RF on human body.The simplest method to signi?cantly reduce SAR values is increasing the distance between the human head and the mobile handset antenna but using Planar Inverted F-Antenna (PIFA) is considered as one of the most appropriate antenna structures to reduce the SAR Now, the fourth generation of mobile communications, the Long Term Evolution (LTE), is expected to deliver multimedia services as a result usage and health risk has increased.This paper presents a novel and simple PIFA design for Long Term Evolution (LTE) mobile phone application

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SAR,PIFA,LTE,HFSS

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Use of dehydrated media is of utmost importance in the field of microbiology for cultivation of industrially important organisms. Instead of using high cost microbial culture media, kitchen waste material could prove to be a good alternate source for the production of low cost culture media. The wet waste generated in kitchen includes vegetables & fruit waste. It is a waste that almost every house generates every day. It can serve as a good source of nutrients & vitamins for microorganisms. Hence these materials can be used to formulate solid media for the growth of bacteria and fungi. In the current study, kitchen waste like pomegranate peels, orange & sweet lime pomace, spinach stems & pea pods have been included to formulate the new media. Comparing the growth of organisms on conventional and newly formulated kitchen waste agar, it was found that the media prepared from kitchen waste serves as a good and inexpensive source of nutrients for many bacteria and fungi. Thus, it can be further used commercially for isolation and cultivation of various microorganisms.

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Keywords: Kitchen waste, Agar, Media, Cultivation of organisms, Fungal

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition