Volume 8 | Issue 2

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endodontic therapy, Herojit's method, root canal

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The Economical and overall development of rural sector depends upon the panchayat raj system in India. Rural development generally refers to the process of improving the quality of life and economic wellbeing of people living in relatively isolated and sparsely populated areas. Rural development has traditionally centered on the exploitation of land-intensive natural resources such as agriculture and forestry. However, changes in global production networks and increased urbanization have changed the character of rural areas. Increasingly tourism, niche manufacturers, and recreation have replaced resource extraction and agriculture as dominant economic drivers. The Gram Panchayat is a parliament of any village today in India has 238617 gram panchayat and 180032grampanchayat Gghars.

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PANCHAYAT RAJ SYATEM

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The maximum lifetime routing problem in wireless sensor networks has received increasing attention in recent years. One way is to formulate it as a linear programming problem by maximizing the time at which the first node runs out of energy subject to the flow conservation constraints. The solutions in this problem correspond to the rates allocated to each link. In this paper, propose the use of a regularization method which can jointly maximize the network lifetime and minimize another objective (e.g., packet delay). Most of the sensor nodes are battery powered. The limited amount of energy in each node is one of the bottlenecks. One simple approach is to minimize the power consumed to deliver a packet to the destination. The typical solution is to use the shortest path with link costs equal to the energy required in each link to transmit a packet. Another approach is to maximize the lifetime of the network. There are various ways to define the lifetime of a WSN. It can be defined as the time at which the first node runs out of its energy.

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: WSNS, Distributed Data, Energy Efficiency,Routing model,Hotspot problem in wireless sensor networks

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The purpose of the study was to investigate the effect of yoga practices on selected physical variables among college men football players. It was hypothesized that there would be significant differences on selected physical components due to the effect of yoga practices among college men football players. For the present study the 30 male college football players from sree kerala Varam College thrissur , St Thomas College thrissur , Kerala, India were selected at random and their age ranged from 18 to 25 years. For the present study pre test and post-test random group design, which consists of control group and experimental group was used. The subjects were randomly assigned to two equal groups of fifteen each and named as Group �A �and Group �B?. Group �A? underwent yoga practices and Group �B? have not underwent any training. Power and flexibility were assessed by standing board jump and sit and reach test. The data were collected before and after nine weeks of training. The data were analysed by applying t-test. The level of significance was set at 0.05. The experimental group showed better improvement on speed and agility skills among college men football players than the control group.

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Yoga practices, power, flexibility, football

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Abstract The status of women has been a key issue since ancient period and still it is a big matter of concern in twenty first century. Though there are laws to protect the rights of women, they are far behind from all such legal facilities. Fixed minimum wage, equal pay for equal work, maternity leave, medical aid and other such basic essentials provided to any employee are still a mirage for domestic workers . While all other workers have their unions, domestic workers remain ill organised. As said by Tine Staermose, the Director, International Labour Organisation, �there is an urgent need for the recognition of the people engaged in domestic work within an employment relationship as workers and to bring them under the labour legislation so they can access services and benefits similar to other workers�. There are close to 10 million domestic workers in India but despite significant contributions made by the work force in the country, society remains slow in recognising people engaged in domestic work because of which such people keep struggling to earn a living (ILO, 2014). The present paper has brought the situation of female domestic workers into common forum for discussion in future.

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Key words: Minimum wage, ill organised, labour legislation, vulnerable, legal facility

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Abstract: The crucial role of parents and family in caring, nurturing, protecting and socializing young children is well established across the cultures. Parenting can influence children�s social, emotional and academic adjustment effects have been made to determine factors that affect parenting behaviour. The data were collected from 50 parents (25 from children with ADHD and 25 from parents of normal children). Socio-personal data and parenting style were assessed by interview and self report. 80% had moderate permissive parenting style in ADHD group and 10(40%) had mild permissive parenting style and 11(44%) had moderate permissive parenting style in normal group.

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Key words: Parenting style, parenting, children with ADHD, normal children.

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When it comes to the discussion of fiction, the first thing that strikes us is that whether the discussion is on the genre fiction or the literary fiction. This paper aims to focus on both the genre fiction and literary fiction. The intention of the paper is to highlight the debate that generally goes on between the genre/ popular fiction and literary/ serious fiction. The paper tries to focus on how the world of literature is divided between the genre fiction and the literary fiction. There is a group that believes literary fiction to be the real fiction thereby discarding genre fiction as a part of literature. Whereas there are people who are generally found devouring on the genre fiction most of the time, they find the literary fiction to be flat and lifeless. It is because of this distinction in the thoughts between the two groups, there is a tug of war between the genre fiction and the literary fiction. It is this debate that the paper tries to focus on. Further, the paper tries to define what fiction is all about and at the same time tries an attempt to explicate genre fiction and the literary fiction. The purpose of the paper is to show whether there is actually any difference between the genre fiction and literary fiction or it is just a prejudiced notion in the mind of the literary critics. The paper aims at showing the discrimination done between both the fictions. There is always a competition found between both the fictions in which one is always considered as superior whereas the other is always considered inferior; one is always highly positioned whereas the other is always at low- ranking. The intention of both the fictions may be same- to be read, acknowledged and appreciated by the readers, but the readers on the other hand, always distinguish between the two, thereby accepting one and rejecting the other. This is what the paper tries to show here. There are many great writers, many great literary critics who have shared their views on the literary fiction and the genre fiction, and the paper tries to take their help in order to justify the points that have already been mentioned here. The paper has taken the help of Arthur Krystal�s Easy Writers Guilty Pleasures Without Guilt; Lev Grossman�s Literary Revolution in the Supermarket Aisle: Genre Fiction is Disruptive Technology; W.H. Auden�s The Guilty Vicarage: Notes on the detective story by an old addict; Edmund Wilson�s Why Do People Read Detective Stories; Leslie A. Fielder�s Towards a Definition of Popular Literature; and the paper has also taken the help from different websites where the articles based on the debate between genre fiction and literary fiction are found.

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Fiction, Literary fiction/ Serious fiction, Genre fiction/ Popular fiction, literary group, common people, entertainment, reality, hegemony, mass group, elite group, marginalization

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The constant demand for heavier, longer, faster and more efficient rail freight vehicles, onboard fault detection system appear as a good approach for enhanced railway asset exploitation. Today accidents occur due to many reasons. One of the main reasons is brake failure which may lead to derailment. If the brake or shock absorber fails, then the LED display indicates engine driver with a buzzer sound. If derailment occurs, the message will be send by GSM and GPS to the nearby station.

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Buzzer, Brake wire, Brake lever, Fault Detection, Wagon, Brake Failure, Shock Absorber.

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ABSTRACT Financial reporting is as old as existence of Joint Stock Companies. The need of financial reporting arises due to separation of ownership and management of the companies. In India financial reporting is regulated by the enactment of the Chartered Accountants Act, 1949 and The Companies Act, 1956 and earlier Companies Act. For long time Indian Corporates were working in the separate isolated compartment, somewhat immune from global environment and reporting was concentrated within the needs of domestic arena only. ICAI with issuance of Accounting Standards was successfully able to standardise the Indian Reporting System. With the popular LPG reforms a new era of competitive environment was thrown open to Indian corporates, which not only led to consolidation of Indian corporates with foreign multinational and transnational organisations, but also required Indian reporting system to sync with global standard to facilitate comparison among all global business entities. International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) provides a standardised reporting system to facilitate easy comparison of different business entities to serve unique needs of its various stakeholders. This paper discusses the needs for IFRS, its adoption procedure in India and the utility for India in adopting IFRS, the problems and challenges faced by the stakeholders and its impact on India. Further, this paper also tries to bring about the ways through which these problems can be addressed.

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Keywords: IASB, Financial Reporting, IFRS, the Companies Act, 2013, IND-AS

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Internet registration usually requires one sort of the Completely Automated Public Turing test to inform Computer and Human Apart (CAPTCHA) to avoid illegal registration through computer programs called bots. The CAPTCHA script is formed of distorted or noised characters. This paper presents an analytical study of extraction of varied statistical features for recognition of every character in CAPTCHA image. OCR (Optical Character Recognition) is generic process in area of pattern recognition and is aimed to recognize each character in CAPTCHA image. OCR system involves basic four stages: preprocessing, segmentation, feature extraction, classification which is followed by actual recognition. The technique of feature extraction plays an important role in character recognition. The CAPTCHA character recognition depends on the extracted features. The various statistical feature extraction techniques have been applied over character image. Here, the various types of statistical feature extraction methods are discussed for the application of character recognition for CAPTCHA verification.

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Keywords: CAPTCHA, OCR, Bots, Feature extraction, Pattern recognition.

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Automobile industry plays a vital role to boost economic growth of developing countries like India. Currently, it is contributing more than 7% to GDP in India and approximately 320 lakhs of people are working in this sector. Thus it is indispensable to measure the financial performance of this business organisation. This research paper measures the financial performance of selected companies of automobile for the period of 10 years from 2009 to 2019 by using ratio analysis. The objective of this study is to measure and compare the financial performance of three selected companies to rate their financial performance. This research is conducted with the help of secondary data which is collected from the annual reports of selected companies. ANOVA and descriptive statistics are used to evaluate the implications of ratios on financial performance. It is revealed that there is significant difference both of the liquidity and profitability performance among the selected companies of automobile industry.

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Automobile Industry, Financial Performance, Ratios.

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Indian railway is a popular mode of transport in India. It provides comfortable journey to every class of people. It is very helpful in transferring heavy & large materials like jute, cement, petroleum etc. from one part of the country to another part. This research paper measures inter temporal growth and performance of Indian railways for the period of five years from 2013-14 to 2017-18 through exponential growth rate mechanism. The study is entirely based on secondary data that is collected from annual reports of Indian railway. In this paper it was found that growth of Indian railways is satisfactory for total investment, total capital, number of passengers originating, number of stations etc. but net revenue receipts and number of employees employed are showing negative growth. Findings of this study will help Indian railways in the process of decision making.

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Indian railways, growth, exponential growth rate

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This new era is about high speed, better Bit Error rate, better receive reception and all these needs are not able to fulfill by single patch and hence one of solution is to use MIMO antenna technique but mutual coupling is the area which requires improvement. In this paper we use RT DUROID 5880 as a substrate for the proposed antenna and we tend to reduce the problem of mutual coupling with the assistance of proposed decoupling element which reduces the mutual coupling by 34.61dB. The center frequencies of these antennas are around 37.5 GHz.

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Microstrip MIMO antenna, SISO, MIMO, decoupling element, resonator, microstrip patch antenna, RT Duroid 5880.

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In India, almost 73% of the population lives in rural areas with agriculture being the major source of their income. The economy of nation mainly depends on living standards of rural folk. A micro entrepreneur utilizes the limited capital in resourceful way to improve the earnings and declining expenditures. The small scale ventures play a considerable responsibility in progress of state. MSMEs (Micro, Small, Medium, Enterprise) in India encounter many obstacles due to the inadequate funds from banks, inefficient technologies, marketing hurdles (problems) as well as non-availability of suitable human resource. The major aim of the study was to investigate the problems, success and satisfaction of micro-entrepreneurs in Nargund taluk of Gadag district. The respondents opined that the major motive was to earn better revenue. The objectives were to find out the problems faced by the micro entrepreneurs in Nargund taluk of Gadag district; assess the major source of capital of micro enterprise; know the measures taken by entrepreneurs for competition in business. Sample size was 100 micro entrepreneurs in Nargund taluk, purposive random technique was used to select the samples while data was collected using a structured interview schedule. From the present research it was discovered that, majority of the respondents lived in nuclear families where most of them were cut fruit vendors, chat vendors and fried snacks vendors. It was clear that ease of management of the trade was the prominent reason to opt for the particular business.

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Micro entrepreneurs, purchasing power, lack of financial stability, economic development.

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In the era of Information technology human tend to develop better and more convenient lifestyle. There is no time for people to visit grocery shop to buy products. Simply they make a phone call and order the products they want. But, sometimes it may be a set back as if the call gets engage. Rather it will be a better option to appoint a person to manage the phone call. Our project focuses on developing a system which helps people making an order through an android application using speech recognition to reduce the manpower in grocery shop and to reduce waiting time of the customer. This system records the speech and converts the speech into text. The converted text is processed by Na�ve Bayes classification to obtain suitable intents such as product name and quantities. Finally the intent is processed and the corresponding orders are placed and the invoice will be generated to the customer.

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CNN, intent, speech recognition, text classification.

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Working capital is the excess of current assets over current liabilities. Decisions relating to working capital and short term financing refer to as working capital management. In other words working capital management is concerned with the problems that arise in attempting to manage the current assets, the current liabilities and the inter-relationship that exists between them. Working capital management is the process of managing short term assets and liabilities to ensure that the company has adequate liquidity to operate smoothly. This ratio is a measure of company�s short term financial health and its efficiency. In this research paper the researcher has made an attempt to present the analysis on working capital management of select sample venture capital institutions of India and of abroad operating in India. Ratios considered for the purpose of presenting working capital analysis are current ratio, ratio of debtors to current assets and ratio of cash flow from operations.

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Current Assets, Current Liabilities, Working Capital

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Saadat Hasan Manto was an ace of a short story Urdu writer of the twentieth Century. He had contributed with his astounding writings which hold its relevance till date. Being an iconoclast he was able to break the clich�d shackles of the traditional writing and pave way for progressive Urdu writing. His essays, stories, deliberations and contemplations leave an indelible imprint in our minds and thus we times and again keep turning back the pages of history and bask in his reeking tales of partition filled with unwavering honesty. His tales such as A Woman�s Life, Mozail and Colder Than Ice recorded the mayhem that lay latent behind the threads that people put onHis characters had their own individualistic domain who stood upright in the most impoverished and deplorable conditions of their time. Manto had used women as the most powerful tool to show the unleashed barbarism that was reigning naked during the clamor of 1947. Women strongly expressed dissent to remain subjugated and suffer from hushed deceit.

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iconoclast, progressive, mayhem, barbarism, dissent.

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Coronaviruses are a large family of virus that cause illness ranging from common cold to more severe diseases such as Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome. Common signs of infection include respiratory symptoms, fever, cough, shortness of breath. In more severe cases infection can cause Pneumania kidney failure and death. Standard recommendations to prevent infection include regular and proper hand washing, covering mouth and nose when coughing and sneezing, thoroughly cooking meat and eggs. Avoid close contact with anyone showing symptoms of respiratory illness using surgical mask.

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Coronavirus, Wuhan, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome.

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Real estate is the least transparent industry in our ecosystem. Housing prices keep changing day in and day out and sometimes are hyped rather than being based on valuation. Predicting housing prices with real factors is the main crux of our research project. Here we aim to make our evaluations based on every basic parameter that is considered while determining the price. In this paper, we performed multiple linear regression for estimating house price based on area in square feet and number of bed rooms. Regression is a measure of the relation between the mean value of one variable and corresponding values of other variables. In statistical modelling, regression analysis is a set of statistical processes for estimating the relationships among variables. The multiple linear regression explains the relationship between one continuous dependent variable (y) and two or more independent variables (x1, x2, x3...etc). Here we implemented through three modules: Data entry module, is used to provide the needed data to the project. The Analysis module is used to analyse and predict the house prices, based on the customer needs. The Front-end module is used to create the needed GUI screens for the project.

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machine learning, supervised learning, prediction, multiple linear regression, parameters

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Abstract:The globe was frightened with a newly isolated virus named as sars cov 2 formally called as novel corona virus 2019.This work is predicting a protein based drug for sars cov 2.A virus was outbreaks at wuhan city of china on December 2019.The RNA sequence of that virsus was published in NCBI.(NCBI Ref Sequence:NC_045512.2)We collected the serface glycoprotein sequences from NCBI and genbank and predicted the protein structure with swiss model and phyre 2 protein structure prediction tools.The predicted spike glycoprotein was have a docking function with the human ACE2 receptor.We predicted the 3D structure of ACE2- FC region of IgG1 fusion protein and docked with virus spike glycoprotein and found a good docking potential of fusion protein with Sars Cov 2.ACE2- FC region of IgG1 will be use as a protein drug against SarsCoV 2.

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SARS CoV 2,Novel Corona Virus ,ACE2-FC REGION IgG1,COVID19,INSILICO DRUG DISCOVERY.

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