Volume 12 | Issue 2

 Abstract

This article scrutinizes the interplay between police prerogatives and the right to privacy under the recently enacted Criminal Procedure Identification Act 2022. Drawing on the evolution of privacy rights in American and Indian jurisprudence, the study delves into key cases like Roe v. Wade, illuminating the development of individual autonomy in privacy matters. It further explores the emergence of the "right to be forgotten" doctrine in India, underscoring the expansion of privacy rights in the digital age. The article introduces the innovative provisions of the Criminal Procedure Identification Act 2022, which harnesses technological advancements for investigative purposes, including biometric identification and electronic surveillance. Employing a critical lens, the Act's compatibility with the right to privacy is evaluated, elucidating potential implications for personal liberties and due process. Analysing the Act's implications, the study highlights potential conflicts between effective law enforcement and safeguarding privacy. It underscores the need for a judicious balance between police powers and constitutional rights, in line with democratic principles. The article concludes by advocating for a harmonious coexistence between the Act's provisions and the right to privacy, emphasizing the importance of maintaining societal equilibrium while upholding individual freedoms.

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Right to Privacy, Criminal Procedure Identification Act, Police Power, Law Enforcement, Right to be Forgotten, Constitutional Rights, Technological Advancements.

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This article explores the Didya Tribe's cultural tapestry in the face of globalization, shedding light on their ancient traditions and the challenges posed by modernity. Examining unique rituals, community initiatives, and the impact of globalization, it unveils the delicate dance between tradition and adaptation. The Didya Tribe's proactive measures, from cultural documentation to environmental conservation, showcase a resilient effort to safeguard their heritage. Amidst the encroachment of the modern world, the tribe stands at the crossroads, navigating a path that preserves their identity while embracing select aspects of the globalized landscape.

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Didya Tribe, cultural heritage, Rituals and Beliefs, Struggle for Preservation

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The imapct of coronavirus disesases 2019 (COVID-19) on our lives in every field will make 2020 a memorable year in history. The economy will never returns to its former state before C0VID-19. March23rd was when our country went into complete lockdown. The lockdown began on March 23rd and alomost all services and factories were stopped. As offline shopping become more challenging and dangerous, it will encourage shoppers to take advantage of internet technologyby shopping. To undestand the impact of this pandemic on the online buying behavior of customers is necessary. It is an applied research that online companies can utilize to understand consumer online purchase behaviour. This study utilizes a descriptive research approachapproach to describe the characteristics of consumer's online product purchases before and after the COVID-19 lockdown. The study is based on quantitative research, with a survey questionnaire being used to collect primary data from customers shopping online. A questionnaire with 200 responses can be used to gain a better understanding of consumer behaviour. The data collected from the structured questionnaires was analysed using excel and other statistical tools.

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COVID-19, Pandemic, Consumer, Buying Behavoiur, Before and After, Online shopping

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ABSTRACT: In this paper, main view to analysis of agriculture products with different temperature and comparison between physical properties such as dielectric constant (?'p), dielectric loss (?"p), relaxation time (?p), conductivity (?p), in pulverized form, Pennisetum glaucum, Sorghum bicolar, Manihot esculenta, Lathyrus sativa, has been studied at different temperature i.e. 20OC, 30OC, 40OC and 50OC. Dielectric parameters are temperature dependent parameters. It is assumed that the finest crushed particles of smallest seed size (i.e. micron) under a pressure, behaves as a solid bulk. The experimental values have been verified by using co-relation formulas of Landan-Lifshitz-Looyenga and Bottcher. The result shows that the experimental values are very close to the values calculated from the Landau et al. and Bottacher formulae.

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Keywords: Dielectric constant, Dielectric loss, Conductivity, Relaxation time, Agricultural products.

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Keeping in view; the discharge of industrial wastes of some industry containing cadmium compounds, entry of these chemicals into water bodies of the locality along with the irrigated waters or run-off waters in the rainy season; availability of cadmium in the air and consequent precipitation and entry of rain run-off water into water bodies and crop fields and their possible effect on the inhabiting organisms in the crop fields, this project was masterminded to evaluate the eco-toxicological effects of Cadmium metal in the form of Cadmium chloride on the toxicity, effect on the physiological & biochemical parameters on a blue-green alga inhabiting crop fields and acting as a bio-fertilizer fixing atmospheric nitrogen and increasing the fertility of the crop field soil. It was observed that at very low concentrations the toxicant is deadly toxic and affects the BGA. The changes in DNA content in the exposed alga was significant when compared to control set. In conc. X, a maximum of 3% increase in DNA content over the control value was recorded on 15th day of exposure and 4.4% increase on 15th day of recovery. In conc.Y, a maximum of 38.6% decrease over the control value was recorded on 15th day of exposure and 47.2% decrease on 15th day of recovery. In conc. Z, the DNA content steadily declined showing a negative correlation. A maximum of 95.5% decrease was recorded on 15th day of exposure. In conc. Z, maximum depletion in DNA amount was noted during recovery period indicating permanent damage caused to the system. In conc-X, the recorded RNA amount was more than the control value at all exposure and recovery periods. In concentration Y, the RNA content increased with the increase in exposure period. The RNA content also increased with the increase in recovery period. When compared to respective control values, the RNA quantity was less and significant. The exposed alga was transferred to toxicant free medium, no recovery was marked rather the RNA amount further depleted showing death of algal cells. The protein content significantly decreased in the exposed alga when compared to control alga. When the exposed alga was transferred to toxicant free medium, no recovery was marked rather the protein amount was at not detectable level. When the exposed algae were transferred to toxicant free medium, significant recovery was recorded in conc. X, partial recovery was marked in concentration Y and no recovery was noted in Conc. Z. In concentration X, a maximum of 38.9% decrease over the control value was recorded on 15th day of exposure and 35.4% increase on 15th day of recovery. In concentration Y, a maximum of 59.7% decrease over the control value was recorded on 15th day of exposure and 63.6% decrease on 15th day of recovery. In conc. Z, the protein content steadily declined showing a negative correlation. A maximum of 100% decrease was recorded on 15th day of exposure and 100% decrease was recorded on 15th day of recovery. Partial recovery by 3.5% was recorded in conc. X, after 15 days of recovery, when the exposed alga was transferred to toxicant free nutrient medium. In case of conc. Y, recovery was not marked rather further depletion was seen. In conc. Z, maximum depletion in protein amount was noted during recovery period indicating permanent damage caused to the system. The FAA content followed the same trend like protein content change and RNA content change.

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Cadmium chloride, Toxicity, DNA, RNA, Protein, FAA, BGA,

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The issue of child sex trafficking has drawn attention and debate from throughout the globe in recent years. Pornography, child sex tourism, prostitution, and other commercial sexual exploitation are examples of the many kinds of child sex trafficking. Given their vulnerability and the lasting effects these experiences have on their development, children who become victims of various types of sexual exploitation are especially concerning. This article offers a thorough analysis of the state of knowledge regarding child sex trafficking by looking at definitions, problem estimates, child risk factors and outcomes, as well as strategies for protection, prosecution, recovery and reintegration promotion, and collaboration and cooperation-fostering partnerships.

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Commercial sexual exploitation, child sex trafficking, prostitution, and child exploitation

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Abnormal Vaginal Discharge is one of the most common presenting symptoms at gynecological clinics. Majority of women bear the problems silently without seeking advice and treatment. Vaginal Discharge has substantial impact on female reproductive ability, mental health, and ability to work and to perform routine physical activities. Improper or delayed management results in greater morbidity and mortality. Early recognition, initiating appropriate treatment of vaginal infections is necessary because many women who experience vaginal discharge mistreat their condition by taking over-the-counter medication. Taking necessary precautions are essential in protecting and improving women's health. In comparison to the therapeutic procedure of different systems of medicine, Ayurveda has a potent approach towards the treatment by both internal and external medication. With this background, an effort is made to evaluate the effect of Aragwadhadi Yonivarti in Abnormal Vaginal Discharge. Ayurvedic varti preparations can be considered as a modified vaginal suppository.

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A CASE STUDY IN ABNORMAL VAGINAL DISCHARGE WITH ARAGWADHAD YONIVARTI

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India is an ecologically oriented land with a wide variety of plant species, used by human civilization for food, medicine and other benefits. Over time, communities have developed considerable traditional knowledge and practices in relation to their way of life and their particular rural environment. These practices are recognized as intangible cultural heritage by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO). With the inclusion of the 2003 Convention, museums and other associated organizations have identified the needs of intangible cultural heritage in the development of underdeveloped and developing nations. Indigenous communities from different regions are rich in traditional knowledge systems concerning nature and the universe. One of them is the Tibetan community in the Trans-Himalayan regions that have developed their own health system based on the natural resources available to them. This system is known as Sowa-Rigpa which shares significant similarity in both theory and practice with an Ayurvedic system of medicine. It is based on the theory of Jung-Wa-Ina (panchamahaabhoot/ five elements of the body) and Nespa-sum (Tridosha) and Luszung-dun (Saptadhatu). High-altitude areas and harsh climate have brought the community to shape their unique art, culture and traditions. This paper will address the plant and mineral species used as medicines in Sowa-Rigpa practice to cure some of the diseases that occur due to imbalance of five elements of the body. It will discuss how important it is to protect these species and maintain these practices. In spite of the development of the modern medical system, traditional knowledge is strongly supported and fostered by people. Such practices ensure sustainability and for this reason it is always necessary to preserve and promote the local knowledge system. In addition, this study will determine the means to preserve and safeguard the traditional healing system of Sowa-Rigpa.

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Communities, Traditional, Environment, Intangible, Tibetan, Indigenous, Sowa-Rigpa, Preservation, Sustainability.

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This study was conducted with objective to assess the effectiveness of non-nutritive sucking on the level of pain perception during invasive procedure in preterm infants. To compare the level of pain perception during invasive procedure among preterm infants in control and experimental group, and to find out the association between the level of pain perception and selected demographic variables. A quasi-experimental research design was adopted. A quantitative research approach was used for the study through non probability sampling technique that was adopted by consecutive sampling technique. The non-probability sampling technique used for selecting 60 sample. A standardized PIPPS was used to assess the level of pain. The tool consisted two section: - Section(A) - Demographic variable Performa (Age, Gender, Gestational age, Birth weight, Birth order, Type of feeding, Last feed given, Medical illness of preterm infant, Nature of birth, Congenital abnormality, Previous history of surgery, Exposure to invasive procedure). Section (B) - Premature pain profile scale. Unpaired 't' test analysis was used to check effectiveness of non-nutritive sucking on the level of pain perception. the total mean and mean score in control and experimental group was 13.33 (78.41%) and 8.4 (70%) respectively. The standard deviation of control group was 2.27 and experimental group was 1.78. in criteria wise control group level of pain perception 0 (0%) sample were in mild pain, 12 (40%) were moderate pain and 18(3.33%) in severe pain. Experimental group level of pain perception majority 4(13.20%) were in mild pain, 26 (85.80%) were in moderate pain and 0(0%) sample were in severe pain. The highly significant difference between control group level of pain perception as calculated unpaired 't' value 9.79(df=58) was gathered than table value at 0.05 level of significance. Chi square analysis used for association between the level of pain perception and selected demographic variables. Their was association found between the age of the pre-term infant the calculated value 41.9 was more than the table value of chi square (9.49) at 0.05 level of significance, gender of the preterm infant the calculated value 27.06 was more than the table value of chi square (9.49) at 0.05 level of significance, weight at the time of birth of preterm infant the calculated value 38.1 was more than the table value of chi square (9.49) at 0.05 level of significance, subcategory of preterm infants the calculated value 34.3 was more than the table value of chi square (9.49) at 0.05 level of significance, nature of birth the calculated value 27.9 was more than the table value of chi square (9.49) at 0.05 level of significance, exposure to invasive procedure of preterm infants the calculated value 18.88 was more than the table value of chi square (5.99) at 0.05 level of significance. The highly significant difference between experimental group level of pain perception as calculated unpaired 't' value 9.79(df=58) was gathered than table value at 0.05 level of significance. There was association found between the age of the pre- term infant the calculated value 27.1 was more than the table value of chi square (9.49) at 0.05 level of significance, gender of the preterm infant the calculated value 27.06 was more than the table value of chi square (9.49) at 0.05 level of significance, weight at the time of birth of preterm infant the calculated value 26.3 was more than the table value of chi square (9.49) at level of significance, subcategory of preterm infants the calculated value 22.08 was more than the table value of chi square (9.49) at 0.05 level of significance, last feed given the calculated value 38.4 was more than the table value of chi square (5.99) at 0.05 level of significance, nature of birth the calculated value 44.58 was more than the table value of chi square (9.49) at 0.05 level of significance, exposure to invasive procedure of preterm infants the calculated value 30.33 was more than the table value of chi square (5.99) at 0.05 level of significance. There was association found between the selected demographic variables calculated the effectiveness of non-nutritive sucking on the level of pain perception was analysed using frequency, percentage, mean, mean difference, mean percentage, standard deviation, unpaired 't' test, chi square test was used to determine the association between the social demographic variable and level of pain perception. The finding of the study was discussed with the help of supportive study.

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knowledge, B.Ed. Student, effectiveness

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knowledge, effectiveness

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Virtual Reality (VR) has gained significant interest in education due to its immersive and interactive capabilities. However, the design and implementation of VR-supported learning are often based on technical perspectives, lacking well-defined learning theories and custom-designed models. To provide learners with a natural interaction experience and rationally support learning using VR technologies, a learning model considering both pedagogy and technical affordance is proposed. This model is used to design and implement an educational application of computer assembly with two sessions: the learning session and the game session. The VR device offers visual feedback and provides a profound immersive experience for learners. The learning session helps students construct knowledge and explore virtual situations using controllers. The interactive game fosters computer assembly learning. An evaluation with 32 college students was conducted, analyzing users' learning behaviors and performance. Results showed that VR learning of computer assembly provided a good usability and learning experience, with no difference in performance between reality and VR learners. Challenge and task completion time showed a significant positive correlation. Virtual reality plays a crucial role in the evolution of education, as it allows users to interact in real-time in a tridimensional space generated by a computer using their feelings. Education can be seen as a discovery, exploration, and observation process, and the specific characteristics of VR can transform it into a powerful tool for education evolution. With VR acting in education, we can discover, explore, and build knowledge about places and places.

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Virtual reality, Stem Education, Immersive field trips, Virtual Surgery, Language Learning, simulation, Head-Mounted Displays (HMD), Education and Training, Psychotherapy

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Highway traffic accidents are the leading cause of deaths in the world as well as India. Though human factors are the largest responsible factor, the vehicles factor cannot be taken lightly. Proper vehicle ergonomics is essential so as to facilitate the proper and timely interaction between the driver and the vehicle. It will certainly improve the safety of the driver,the occupants and the other road users.

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1815

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Fruits are delicious food having lots of nutrients. Most of the fruits become edible after ripening. Appearance, colour, flavour, texture, pulp to peel ratio is changed during ripening. For commercial reasons artificial ripening is employed rather than depending on natural ripening process in plants. Not only the flavour, texture, nutritional value of artificially ripened fruits is inferior than naturally ripened fruits but also the former have harmful effects on human health if consumed. There are many artificial ripening agents which are used widely as ethylene, acetylene, calcium carbide, ethephon, smoke etc. The toxic effects of artificially ripening agents may be minimised by washing the fruits with water and peeling them before consumption. A lot of experiments have been carried out by scientists on banana, mango, apple, wood apple, orange, tomato, pineapple, grapes, lime, tangerine, lemon etc. Artificially ripened fruits are harmful for humans, as most of them cause diseases of heart, lungs, skin and kidneys.

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Artificial fruit ripening, calcium carbide, ethephon, ethylene, toxicity from fruits.

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In this paper a Pythagorean Fuzzy star generalized ?-closed sets and a Pythagorean Fuzzy star generalized ?-open sets are introduced. Some of its properties are also analyzed. Also we have provided some applications of Pythagorean Fuzzy star generalized ?-closed sets namely Pythagorean Fuzzy ?(_?^)T?_(1/2 ) space and Pythagorean Fuzzy ?(_*g?^)T?_(1/2 ) space.

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Pythagorean Fuzzy topology, Pythagorean Fuzzy star generalized alpha closed sets, Pythagorean Fuzzy star generalized alpha open sets, Pythagorean Fuzzy ?(_?^)T?_(1/2 ) space and Pythagorean Fuzzy ?(_*g?^)T?_(1/2 ) space.

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Energy drink (EDs) with caffeine is widely ingested. Over the past 20 years, use of energy drink has drastically increased, especially among adolescents and young people. Energy drink are aggressively advertised with the promise that they would offer you more energy and raise your mental and physical performance. With the help of clever and successful marketing techniques, the general public and athletes have increased their consumption of energy drinks (EDs). There are a growing number of reports of caffeine intoxication from caffeinated EDs as well as issues with dependence and withdrawal from caffeine. The neighborhood and the general populace. Energy drink usage poses health risks mostly because of their high caffeine content. However, a number of unfavorable health effects have been linked to energy drinks, raising the question of their safety. This review was done to find and talk about the published publications that looked at the negative health impacts of caffeine and energy drink consumption. The goal is to evaluate consumption habits and identify any negative effects. The consequences of EDs and their possible harm are examined in greater detail in this article.

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Energy drinks, Beverages, Health effects, Consumption

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Haryana, a northern state of India has earned quite a reputation for its rapid economic growth and technological advancements over the years. Paradoxically though the economic progress has not translated into social development. The social scene of the state paints a rather dismal picture with longstanding female deficits and gender discrimination which has created an imbalance in the proportion of marriageable males and females in their respective cohorts. The consistently skewed sex ratios of the state have inadvertently led to the presence of relatively less females in comparison to males on the matrimonial landscape, thus, ensuing the crisis of male marriage squeeze which has pushed a substantial number of its socio-economically disadvantaged men to the cusp of involuntary bachelorhood. This shortage of brides is being addressed through non-customary cross-region marriages whereby men are marrying (or purchasing) women as wives from impoverished regions of eastern and southern India. In these matrimonial alliances that are driven by necessity, compulsion and convenience, is manifested inhuman treatment of the incoming brides. For a number of these pardesi bahu's discrimination, subjugation and violence has become a harrowing reality. There are instances where they have been victims of trafficking, forced marriages and domestic violence. Some distressing incidents of these cross-region women having been sold by their parents/relatives and purchased by their alleged partners like a commodity have also been noted. They are often refused respectable status and denominated as servants in host societies. This paper, situated in the rural backdrop of Haryana draws heavily from field research carried out in its six villages to lay bare the perturbing physical, emotional, sexual abuses and inhuman treatment meted out to cross-region brides in their alien conjugal settings.

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Male Marriage squeeze, cross-region brides, domestic violence, trafficking, forced polyandry.

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It is a prospective ethically designed investigation in human subjects to objectively discovered /verify/compare the result of two or more therapeutic measures (Drugs).clinical trials are designed to answer one or more precisely framed questions about the value of treating equivalent group of patient by two or more modalities (drug , dosages, regiment and other investigation ).depending on other objectives of studies , clinical trial may be conducted in healthy volunteers or in volunteer patient.Healthy volunteers may be used to determine pharmacokinetics characteristics,tolerability,safety for the certain type of drug even efficacy. The research carried out to find a better treatment, improve healthcare, and benefit the current medical practice is termed clinical research. In phase I pharmacokinetics, safety, gross effects are studied on human volunteers, by clinical pharmacologists. If the drug passes the test, it enters phase II testings, where pharmacokinetics, safety, therapeutic efficiency are studied on selected patients by clinical pharmacologist, if passes hundreds of selected patients are now studied, primarily for safety and therapeutic effectiveness by clinical investigators in phase III. If this is passed the drug is now approved and marketed. Even after marketing, physicians from various hospitals and clinics send their opinion about the drug, regarding ADR, efficacy in phase IV. In this paper we discuss about clinical trials and clinical trials in India.

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Clinical Research, Clinical Trial, Human Health, Safety and Efficacy, Volunteers study, ICH Guideline, Preclinical Study, In-Vitro study, Adverse effect, Randomization.

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The study sheds light on the "Fourth-order rotatable slope design" to evaluate the overall methodology and statistical process to determine the connection between response variables and independent factors. It has been identified that FORSD with BIBD optimises the statistical poutine and constructive insights by minimising the number of experimental runs. The methodology section evaluates the general consequential steps of analysing relevant data through BIBD including statistical analysis and "response surface analysis". The statistical method of obtaining "group-divisible fourth-order rotatable designs" has been evaluated with mathematical expression. The outcome shows an in- depth understanding of the effect of influencing factors on the specific response variable. This study is extremely significant as "fourth-order slope design" gives better insights into the relationship between DV and IV and can be effectively applied for industrial and research purposes in various sectors.

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"Fourth-order rotational slope design", BIBD, TORD, response variables, influential factors, "fourth-order slope design", and "response surface analysis".

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It became at some point of the British generation that the desire at no cost and compulsory training began. The founders stipulated that the aim of Article 45 should be accomplished within ten years of the charter's adoption. The Eighty Sixth Amendment Act of 2002 (Amendment Act, 2002) mounted schooling as a essential proper following some of court rulings. The Children Right to Free and Compulsory Education Act 2009 (RTE Act, 2009) became passed so one can perform this venture. Nevertheless, the RTE Act's requirement that best training be provided at a minimal stage of gaining knowledge of has not been met through the authorities. Providing exceptional training at a minimal stage is one of the newline parameters of the extraordinary Monitoring Tool beneath the Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan (SSA).

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KEYWORD: Between 6 to 14 years, disadvantaged group, free and compulsory education, law, social sciences, weaker section.

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Agile methodologies have gained popularity in financial software development for their emphasis on adaptability, cooperation, and continuous improvement. This paper explores how adopting Agile benefits banking by comparing it with traditional waterfall approaches and investigates its impact on digital banking transformation, including the key elements of people, procedures, technology, and culture. It examines the adoption of agile methodology in digital banking projects lead to improved project delivery timelines, software quality, and customer satisfaction. Also investigating the challenges and benefits associated with implementing these methodologies within a regulated environment. highlighting agility's pivotal role in facilitating digital banking transformation while maintaining competitiveness.

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Agile project management,Digital banking,Software Project Management, Adaptive software development

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