Volume 12 | Issue 2

 Abstract

Abstract: Menopause is a transition period between middle and elderly age, marked by variations in ovarian hormone production and menstrual cycle termination. It is influenced by demographic, health, and genetic variables. Preparation for menopause can begin as early as age 35, involving women's awareness, education, and empowerment.

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Keywords: knowledge, preparedness, menopausal transition, woman

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This article examines the implementation of the right to health in India and the role of the National Human Rights Commission (NHRC) in ensuring this right. The NHRC has actively monitored healthcare accessibility, affordability, and availability through workshops, public hearings, and review meetings. They have also made recommendations to improve healthcare infrastructure, quality, and affordability, as well as address women and child health issues and occupational health and safety. The article emphasizes the importance of strengthening measures to ensure comprehensive healthcare access for all individuals in India.

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Right to Health, NHRC, Public Health

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The goal of this work is to develop a model that can forecast the fair market value of used automobiles based on a number of factors, such as kms_driven, year of purchase, fuel type, present price of the car, transmission type, seller type, and Owner. In the used car industry, this model can help makers, buyers, and sellers of automobiles. When it's done, using the data that people enter, it may produce a somewhat accurate price estimate. Data science and machine learning are included in the model development process. The used dataset was taken from used vehicle listings through scraping. To attain the best accuracy, a variety of regression techniques were used in the study, including gradient boosting, random forest, support vector, XGB regression, and linear regression.

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By predicting the car price we can help the customers buy at a reasonable price.

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Children constitute the most Important and vulnerable segment of our population. They are truly the foundation of our nation. Hence the focus of every citizen should be, to promote their health and safeguard their interests. So every unborn child should be allowed to achieve his or her optimal growth and development potential so that he can effectively contribute towards nation's productivity. The future of our nation depends on the way in which we nurture our children today. The research design used was a quasi experimental design. The data collection tool was validated by two pediatricians and three nursing experts. Reliability was established by inter-rater (0.64) and test-retest method (0.95). The samples for the study were chosen using purposive sampling technique, 25 were in experimental and 25 in control group. Data was collected by self structured interview method by using Preterm Infant Breastfeeding Behavior Scale by Nyqvist and a modified Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire by Sadeh, to assess the physiological parameters, feeding and sleeping pattern and Music therapy was given for 15 minutes for three consecutive days for 4 weeks. The main study was conducted in NICU of Care 24 Medical Center and Hospital. The paired test t value for feeding pattern was 20 and for sleeping pattern was 12.28 at P<0.05 revealed that there was a significant improvement in maintaining the physiological parameters, improved feeding and sleeping pattern after the music therapy. It was inferred that there was a significant difference in maintaining the physiological parameters, improved feeding and sleeping pattern and they were good improvement in the experimental group than the control group. There was no significant association between the post test level of physiological parameters, feeding and sleeping pattern of the premature newborns and their selected demographic variables. The study concluded that the music therapy was effective in improving the physiological parameters, feeding pattern and sleeping pattern among the premature newborns, in the hospital setup. The implications, limitations, recommendations and conclusion were clearly spelt.

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knowledge, effectiveness

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Ram Dayal Munda (1939-2011) was a prominent Indian tribal leader, scholar, and writer whose contributions to the upliftment of tribal communities through literature left an indelible mark. Born into the Munda tribe in Jharkhand, Munda dedicated his life to preserving and promoting the rich cultural heritage of tribal communities. Munda was a prolific writer, penning numerous books and articles that delved into the history, folklore, and socio-economic issues faced by tribal populations. His literary works not only celebrated the unique traditions of tribal life but also served as a powerful tool for education and empowerment. Through his writings, he sought to bridge the gap between mainstream society and tribal communities, fostering understanding and appreciation. Beyond literature, Munda was deeply involved in tribal advocacy and played a pivotal role in the establishment of the Jharkhand Academic Council. He also served as the Vice-Chancellor of Ranchi University, using his position to champion the cause of tribal education. Ram Dayal Munda's legacy extends far beyond his lifetime, as his literature continues to inspire and inform efforts for the upliftment of tribal communities, fostering a sense of pride and identity among them. His unwavering commitment to the cause has left an enduring impact on the cultural landscape of India. In this paper I am discussing about Ram Dayal Munda, his history, and his contribution in tribal literature. I will also discuss how his writings has helped the tribals in a positive way. He has an impact like Shakespeare in English literature.

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Tribal Literature, Adivasi, Tribal Leader, Indigenous Culture, Social Worker

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The issue of women's reservation in India has garnered significant attention as a means to address gender disparities in political representation. This research paper critically analyses the historical context, legislative developments, implementation challenges, and impact of women's reservation in India. Drawing upon empirical evidence and scholarly literature, the paper evaluates the effectiveness of reservation policies, societal attitudes towards women in politics, and suggests strategies for advancing gender equality in political decision-making.

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Women's reservation, Political empowerment, Gender equality, Implementation challenges

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This article scrutinizes the interplay between police prerogatives and the right to privacy under the recently enacted Criminal Procedure Identification Act 2022. Drawing on the evolution of privacy rights in American and Indian jurisprudence, the study delves into key cases like Roe v. Wade, illuminating the development of individual autonomy in privacy matters. It further explores the emergence of the "right to be forgotten" doctrine in India, underscoring the expansion of privacy rights in the digital age. The article introduces the innovative provisions of the Criminal Procedure Identification Act 2022, which harnesses technological advancements for investigative purposes, including biometric identification and electronic surveillance. Employing a critical lens, the Act's compatibility with the right to privacy is evaluated, elucidating potential implications for personal liberties and due process. Analysing the Act's implications, the study highlights potential conflicts between effective law enforcement and safeguarding privacy. It underscores the need for a judicious balance between police powers and constitutional rights, in line with democratic principles. The article concludes by advocating for a harmonious coexistence between the Act's provisions and the right to privacy, emphasizing the importance of maintaining societal equilibrium while upholding individual freedoms.

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Right to Privacy, Criminal Procedure Identification Act, Police Power, Law Enforcement, Right to be Forgotten, Constitutional Rights, Technological Advancements.

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This article explores the Didya Tribe's cultural tapestry in the face of globalization, shedding light on their ancient traditions and the challenges posed by modernity. Examining unique rituals, community initiatives, and the impact of globalization, it unveils the delicate dance between tradition and adaptation. The Didya Tribe's proactive measures, from cultural documentation to environmental conservation, showcase a resilient effort to safeguard their heritage. Amidst the encroachment of the modern world, the tribe stands at the crossroads, navigating a path that preserves their identity while embracing select aspects of the globalized landscape.

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Didya Tribe, cultural heritage, Rituals and Beliefs, Struggle for Preservation

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The imapct of coronavirus disesases 2019 (COVID-19) on our lives in every field will make 2020 a memorable year in history. The economy will never returns to its former state before C0VID-19. March23rd was when our country went into complete lockdown. The lockdown began on March 23rd and alomost all services and factories were stopped. As offline shopping become more challenging and dangerous, it will encourage shoppers to take advantage of internet technologyby shopping. To undestand the impact of this pandemic on the online buying behavior of customers is necessary. It is an applied research that online companies can utilize to understand consumer online purchase behaviour. This study utilizes a descriptive research approachapproach to describe the characteristics of consumer's online product purchases before and after the COVID-19 lockdown. The study is based on quantitative research, with a survey questionnaire being used to collect primary data from customers shopping online. A questionnaire with 200 responses can be used to gain a better understanding of consumer behaviour. The data collected from the structured questionnaires was analysed using excel and other statistical tools.

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COVID-19, Pandemic, Consumer, Buying Behavoiur, Before and After, Online shopping

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ABSTRACT: In this paper, main view to analysis of agriculture products with different temperature and comparison between physical properties such as dielectric constant (?'p), dielectric loss (?"p), relaxation time (?p), conductivity (?p), in pulverized form, Pennisetum glaucum, Sorghum bicolar, Manihot esculenta, Lathyrus sativa, has been studied at different temperature i.e. 20OC, 30OC, 40OC and 50OC. Dielectric parameters are temperature dependent parameters. It is assumed that the finest crushed particles of smallest seed size (i.e. micron) under a pressure, behaves as a solid bulk. The experimental values have been verified by using co-relation formulas of Landan-Lifshitz-Looyenga and Bottcher. The result shows that the experimental values are very close to the values calculated from the Landau et al. and Bottacher formulae.

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Keywords: Dielectric constant, Dielectric loss, Conductivity, Relaxation time, Agricultural products.

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Keeping in view; the discharge of industrial wastes of some industry containing cadmium compounds, entry of these chemicals into water bodies of the locality along with the irrigated waters or run-off waters in the rainy season; availability of cadmium in the air and consequent precipitation and entry of rain run-off water into water bodies and crop fields and their possible effect on the inhabiting organisms in the crop fields, this project was masterminded to evaluate the eco-toxicological effects of Cadmium metal in the form of Cadmium chloride on the toxicity, effect on the physiological & biochemical parameters on a blue-green alga inhabiting crop fields and acting as a bio-fertilizer fixing atmospheric nitrogen and increasing the fertility of the crop field soil. It was observed that at very low concentrations the toxicant is deadly toxic and affects the BGA. The changes in DNA content in the exposed alga was significant when compared to control set. In conc. X, a maximum of 3% increase in DNA content over the control value was recorded on 15th day of exposure and 4.4% increase on 15th day of recovery. In conc.Y, a maximum of 38.6% decrease over the control value was recorded on 15th day of exposure and 47.2% decrease on 15th day of recovery. In conc. Z, the DNA content steadily declined showing a negative correlation. A maximum of 95.5% decrease was recorded on 15th day of exposure. In conc. Z, maximum depletion in DNA amount was noted during recovery period indicating permanent damage caused to the system. In conc-X, the recorded RNA amount was more than the control value at all exposure and recovery periods. In concentration Y, the RNA content increased with the increase in exposure period. The RNA content also increased with the increase in recovery period. When compared to respective control values, the RNA quantity was less and significant. The exposed alga was transferred to toxicant free medium, no recovery was marked rather the RNA amount further depleted showing death of algal cells. The protein content significantly decreased in the exposed alga when compared to control alga. When the exposed alga was transferred to toxicant free medium, no recovery was marked rather the protein amount was at not detectable level. When the exposed algae were transferred to toxicant free medium, significant recovery was recorded in conc. X, partial recovery was marked in concentration Y and no recovery was noted in Conc. Z. In concentration X, a maximum of 38.9% decrease over the control value was recorded on 15th day of exposure and 35.4% increase on 15th day of recovery. In concentration Y, a maximum of 59.7% decrease over the control value was recorded on 15th day of exposure and 63.6% decrease on 15th day of recovery. In conc. Z, the protein content steadily declined showing a negative correlation. A maximum of 100% decrease was recorded on 15th day of exposure and 100% decrease was recorded on 15th day of recovery. Partial recovery by 3.5% was recorded in conc. X, after 15 days of recovery, when the exposed alga was transferred to toxicant free nutrient medium. In case of conc. Y, recovery was not marked rather further depletion was seen. In conc. Z, maximum depletion in protein amount was noted during recovery period indicating permanent damage caused to the system. The FAA content followed the same trend like protein content change and RNA content change.

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Cadmium chloride, Toxicity, DNA, RNA, Protein, FAA, BGA,

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The issue of child sex trafficking has drawn attention and debate from throughout the globe in recent years. Pornography, child sex tourism, prostitution, and other commercial sexual exploitation are examples of the many kinds of child sex trafficking. Given their vulnerability and the lasting effects these experiences have on their development, children who become victims of various types of sexual exploitation are especially concerning. This article offers a thorough analysis of the state of knowledge regarding child sex trafficking by looking at definitions, problem estimates, child risk factors and outcomes, as well as strategies for protection, prosecution, recovery and reintegration promotion, and collaboration and cooperation-fostering partnerships.

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Commercial sexual exploitation, child sex trafficking, prostitution, and child exploitation

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Abnormal Vaginal Discharge is one of the most common presenting symptoms at gynecological clinics. Majority of women bear the problems silently without seeking advice and treatment. Vaginal Discharge has substantial impact on female reproductive ability, mental health, and ability to work and to perform routine physical activities. Improper or delayed management results in greater morbidity and mortality. Early recognition, initiating appropriate treatment of vaginal infections is necessary because many women who experience vaginal discharge mistreat their condition by taking over-the-counter medication. Taking necessary precautions are essential in protecting and improving women's health. In comparison to the therapeutic procedure of different systems of medicine, Ayurveda has a potent approach towards the treatment by both internal and external medication. With this background, an effort is made to evaluate the effect of Aragwadhadi Yonivarti in Abnormal Vaginal Discharge. Ayurvedic varti preparations can be considered as a modified vaginal suppository.

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A CASE STUDY IN ABNORMAL VAGINAL DISCHARGE WITH ARAGWADHAD YONIVARTI

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India is an ecologically oriented land with a wide variety of plant species, used by human civilization for food, medicine and other benefits. Over time, communities have developed considerable traditional knowledge and practices in relation to their way of life and their particular rural environment. These practices are recognized as intangible cultural heritage by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO). With the inclusion of the 2003 Convention, museums and other associated organizations have identified the needs of intangible cultural heritage in the development of underdeveloped and developing nations. Indigenous communities from different regions are rich in traditional knowledge systems concerning nature and the universe. One of them is the Tibetan community in the Trans-Himalayan regions that have developed their own health system based on the natural resources available to them. This system is known as Sowa-Rigpa which shares significant similarity in both theory and practice with an Ayurvedic system of medicine. It is based on the theory of Jung-Wa-Ina (panchamahaabhoot/ five elements of the body) and Nespa-sum (Tridosha) and Luszung-dun (Saptadhatu). High-altitude areas and harsh climate have brought the community to shape their unique art, culture and traditions. This paper will address the plant and mineral species used as medicines in Sowa-Rigpa practice to cure some of the diseases that occur due to imbalance of five elements of the body. It will discuss how important it is to protect these species and maintain these practices. In spite of the development of the modern medical system, traditional knowledge is strongly supported and fostered by people. Such practices ensure sustainability and for this reason it is always necessary to preserve and promote the local knowledge system. In addition, this study will determine the means to preserve and safeguard the traditional healing system of Sowa-Rigpa.

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Communities, Traditional, Environment, Intangible, Tibetan, Indigenous, Sowa-Rigpa, Preservation, Sustainability.

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This study was conducted with objective to assess the effectiveness of non-nutritive sucking on the level of pain perception during invasive procedure in preterm infants. To compare the level of pain perception during invasive procedure among preterm infants in control and experimental group, and to find out the association between the level of pain perception and selected demographic variables. A quasi-experimental research design was adopted. A quantitative research approach was used for the study through non probability sampling technique that was adopted by consecutive sampling technique. The non-probability sampling technique used for selecting 60 sample. A standardized PIPPS was used to assess the level of pain. The tool consisted two section: - Section(A) - Demographic variable Performa (Age, Gender, Gestational age, Birth weight, Birth order, Type of feeding, Last feed given, Medical illness of preterm infant, Nature of birth, Congenital abnormality, Previous history of surgery, Exposure to invasive procedure). Section (B) - Premature pain profile scale. Unpaired 't' test analysis was used to check effectiveness of non-nutritive sucking on the level of pain perception. the total mean and mean score in control and experimental group was 13.33 (78.41%) and 8.4 (70%) respectively. The standard deviation of control group was 2.27 and experimental group was 1.78. in criteria wise control group level of pain perception 0 (0%) sample were in mild pain, 12 (40%) were moderate pain and 18(3.33%) in severe pain. Experimental group level of pain perception majority 4(13.20%) were in mild pain, 26 (85.80%) were in moderate pain and 0(0%) sample were in severe pain. The highly significant difference between control group level of pain perception as calculated unpaired 't' value 9.79(df=58) was gathered than table value at 0.05 level of significance. Chi square analysis used for association between the level of pain perception and selected demographic variables. Their was association found between the age of the pre-term infant the calculated value 41.9 was more than the table value of chi square (9.49) at 0.05 level of significance, gender of the preterm infant the calculated value 27.06 was more than the table value of chi square (9.49) at 0.05 level of significance, weight at the time of birth of preterm infant the calculated value 38.1 was more than the table value of chi square (9.49) at 0.05 level of significance, subcategory of preterm infants the calculated value 34.3 was more than the table value of chi square (9.49) at 0.05 level of significance, nature of birth the calculated value 27.9 was more than the table value of chi square (9.49) at 0.05 level of significance, exposure to invasive procedure of preterm infants the calculated value 18.88 was more than the table value of chi square (5.99) at 0.05 level of significance. The highly significant difference between experimental group level of pain perception as calculated unpaired 't' value 9.79(df=58) was gathered than table value at 0.05 level of significance. There was association found between the age of the pre- term infant the calculated value 27.1 was more than the table value of chi square (9.49) at 0.05 level of significance, gender of the preterm infant the calculated value 27.06 was more than the table value of chi square (9.49) at 0.05 level of significance, weight at the time of birth of preterm infant the calculated value 26.3 was more than the table value of chi square (9.49) at level of significance, subcategory of preterm infants the calculated value 22.08 was more than the table value of chi square (9.49) at 0.05 level of significance, last feed given the calculated value 38.4 was more than the table value of chi square (5.99) at 0.05 level of significance, nature of birth the calculated value 44.58 was more than the table value of chi square (9.49) at 0.05 level of significance, exposure to invasive procedure of preterm infants the calculated value 30.33 was more than the table value of chi square (5.99) at 0.05 level of significance. There was association found between the selected demographic variables calculated the effectiveness of non-nutritive sucking on the level of pain perception was analysed using frequency, percentage, mean, mean difference, mean percentage, standard deviation, unpaired 't' test, chi square test was used to determine the association between the social demographic variable and level of pain perception. The finding of the study was discussed with the help of supportive study.

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knowledge, B.Ed. Student, effectiveness

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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knowledge, effectiveness

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Virtual Reality (VR) has gained significant interest in education due to its immersive and interactive capabilities. However, the design and implementation of VR-supported learning are often based on technical perspectives, lacking well-defined learning theories and custom-designed models. To provide learners with a natural interaction experience and rationally support learning using VR technologies, a learning model considering both pedagogy and technical affordance is proposed. This model is used to design and implement an educational application of computer assembly with two sessions: the learning session and the game session. The VR device offers visual feedback and provides a profound immersive experience for learners. The learning session helps students construct knowledge and explore virtual situations using controllers. The interactive game fosters computer assembly learning. An evaluation with 32 college students was conducted, analyzing users' learning behaviors and performance. Results showed that VR learning of computer assembly provided a good usability and learning experience, with no difference in performance between reality and VR learners. Challenge and task completion time showed a significant positive correlation. Virtual reality plays a crucial role in the evolution of education, as it allows users to interact in real-time in a tridimensional space generated by a computer using their feelings. Education can be seen as a discovery, exploration, and observation process, and the specific characteristics of VR can transform it into a powerful tool for education evolution. With VR acting in education, we can discover, explore, and build knowledge about places and places.

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Virtual reality, Stem Education, Immersive field trips, Virtual Surgery, Language Learning, simulation, Head-Mounted Displays (HMD), Education and Training, Psychotherapy

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Highway traffic accidents are the leading cause of deaths in the world as well as India. Though human factors are the largest responsible factor, the vehicles factor cannot be taken lightly. Proper vehicle ergonomics is essential so as to facilitate the proper and timely interaction between the driver and the vehicle. It will certainly improve the safety of the driver,the occupants and the other road users.

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1815

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Fruits are delicious food having lots of nutrients. Most of the fruits become edible after ripening. Appearance, colour, flavour, texture, pulp to peel ratio is changed during ripening. For commercial reasons artificial ripening is employed rather than depending on natural ripening process in plants. Not only the flavour, texture, nutritional value of artificially ripened fruits is inferior than naturally ripened fruits but also the former have harmful effects on human health if consumed. There are many artificial ripening agents which are used widely as ethylene, acetylene, calcium carbide, ethephon, smoke etc. The toxic effects of artificially ripening agents may be minimised by washing the fruits with water and peeling them before consumption. A lot of experiments have been carried out by scientists on banana, mango, apple, wood apple, orange, tomato, pineapple, grapes, lime, tangerine, lemon etc. Artificially ripened fruits are harmful for humans, as most of them cause diseases of heart, lungs, skin and kidneys.

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Artificial fruit ripening, calcium carbide, ethephon, ethylene, toxicity from fruits.

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In this paper a Pythagorean Fuzzy star generalized ?-closed sets and a Pythagorean Fuzzy star generalized ?-open sets are introduced. Some of its properties are also analyzed. Also we have provided some applications of Pythagorean Fuzzy star generalized ?-closed sets namely Pythagorean Fuzzy ?(_?^)T?_(1/2 ) space and Pythagorean Fuzzy ?(_*g?^)T?_(1/2 ) space.

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Pythagorean Fuzzy topology, Pythagorean Fuzzy star generalized alpha closed sets, Pythagorean Fuzzy star generalized alpha open sets, Pythagorean Fuzzy ?(_?^)T?_(1/2 ) space and Pythagorean Fuzzy ?(_*g?^)T?_(1/2 ) space.

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