Volume 12 | Issue 2

 Abstract

" ??????? ?? ??????? ??? ????? ????? ?? ??? ??????? ??????? ?? ?????? ?? ????????? ?????? ?????? ???"- ??????? ????? ?????? ????????????? ?? ????? ????? ?? -"?? ???? ?????????? ???? ????? ???????? ''??? ''?? ???? ?????????? ??????? ????? ???????? " ??? ???????? ?????? ?????? ?? ??????? ????? ??? ??? ?????? ???? ?? ?????? ?? ???? ?? ???? ???? ?? ???? ????? ????, ??? ?? ??? ????? ???????? ?? ???? 70 ??????? ??????? ??????? ????????? ??? ????? ???? ??? , ??? ??? ?? ????? ??? ??????? ??????? ?? ???????? ?????? ?? ???????? ???? ???? ?????? ?? ?? ???? ???? ????????, ???????, ???????, ???????, ??? ???????? ??? ??? ??????? ?? ??? ???? ?? ???? ?????? ??? ?? ????? ??? ?????? ???,???? ????? ?? ??????? ??????? ?????, ???????? ??? ???? ??????? ????????? ??? ???-??? ??? ???? ??? ?? ?????? ????? ??? ???? ?????? ?????? ?? ???? ???, ?? ???? ?????? ???? ??? ???? ????? ?? ??? ???? ???? ??,????? ??????? ??????? ?? ??????? ?? ???? ???????? ??? ? ???? ????? ?????? ??????? ????? ?? ????? ??????? ?? ??? ?? ????????? ???? ??, ?? ??????????? ??? ??????? ?? ????? ????? ?? ??? ???????? ???? ????? ???, ???? ????? ??????? ??? ?? ??????? ?? ?????????? ?? ?????? ?? ??????? ?? ????????? ??? ?????????? ?? ??? ????????? ??? ??? ??? ??: ???????? ?????? ?? ????? ???????? ??????? ???????? ? ???????? ?????? ?? ???? ?? ????? ????? ??? ???????? ????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ?? ????????? ??? ?????????? ?? ??? ????? ?? ??? ??????? ??????? ??? ??????????? ?? ??????????? ?? ?????? ???? ?? ??? ??? ?? ?? ??????? ?? ??????? ??????? ?? ???? ??? ???? ???? ???????? ?? ?????? ???? ?? ?

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????? ??????????,??????? ???????,?????? ?????? ,?????? ??????????,????? ????????,????? ?????????

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This paper delves into the narrative of violence against women amidst the tumultuous backdrop of the Partition of India in Jyotirmoyee Debi's novel, "The River Churning." The Partition of India in 1947 was a cataclysmic event that led to widespread displacement, communal violence, and untold suffering, particularly impacting women who bore the brunt of gender-based violence and upheaval. Through a close examination of Debi's work, this paper seeks to amplify the voices of women affected by Partition, shedding light on their experiences of violence, trauma, and resilience. Drawing upon feminist literary theory and postcolonial discourse, the paper analyzes the portrayal of women characters in "The River Churning" and their encounters with various forms of violence - physical, emotional, and psychological. It explores how Debi's narrative reflects the patriarchal structures and communal tensions that exacerbated violence against women during Partition, while also highlighting moments of agency, resistance, and solidarity among female characters. Furthermore, the paper examines the role of memory and storytelling in shaping the collective narrative of Partition, particularly from a gendered perspective. It explores how women's voices and experiences have been marginalized or silenced in dominant historical discourses, and how Debi's novel serves as a counter-narrative that foregrounds their perspectives and struggles. Through a nuanced analysis of "The River Churning," this paper aims to contribute to broader discussions on gender, violence, and memory in the context of Partition literature. It argues that by centering women's voices and experiences, Debi's novel offers a poignant and powerful reflection on the enduring legacy of violence and trauma, as well as the resilience and agency of women in the face of adversity. Ultimately, this paper seeks to illuminate the complexities of women's experiences during Partition and to underscore the importance of amplifying marginalized voices in narratives of historical trauma. By engaging with Debi's novel, it endeavors to deepen our understanding of the multifaceted impact of violence on women's lives and the imperative of bearing witness to their stories in the ongoing quest for justice, healing, and reconciliation.

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 Keywords

Partition of India, Violence against women, Trauma, Resilience, memory, story telling

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Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that affects social, communication, and behavioral skills. Early diagnosis of ASD can lead to better outcomes for individuals with this disorder. In recent years, machine learning techniques have been used to aid in the diagnosis of ASD using facial images. This paper presents an approach for ASD prediction using the ResNet50 architecture, a deep convolutional neural network. The proposed method extracts features from facial images and trains a classifier to predict the likelihood of ASD. The model was trained and evaluated on a publicly available dataset, achieving an accuracy of 90 percentages. The proposed approach has the potential to provide a cost-effective and non-invasive method for early diagnosis of ASD.

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Deep learning, ResNet50, Machine learning, Feature extraction, Facial Recognition, Computer vision, vgg16.

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There is no denial to the fact that crime rate is increasing in the developing contemporary India, inspite of various legislations to prevent crime in the country while maintaining law and order in the society. One of the highest levels of punishment awarded is "Capital Punishment" or "Death Penalty". As we know that different people live with different opinion and different way of thinking, capital punishment is one of the debatable topics among the people of nation. Such debates give rise to questions such as whether killing another human being in the name of justice is right or wrong and whether such killing helps in curbing crime rate in the society. This paper makes an attempt to answer these questions in light of the capital punishment. The paper makes a discussion about what capital punishment stands for, the mode in which capital punishment is awarded and executed and how it is linked to doctrine of "rarest of rare" in India. The paper also makes a detail purview on different case laws where criminal can get punishment of death penalty. The paper also discusses the various approaches that can be taken, such as the reformative and preventive approaches as opposite to capital punishment. Thereby, this article gives detailed view of capital punishment in India.

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: Capital Punishment, Death penalty, Legislation, Crimes

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In the contemporary educational landscape, the attainment of student attentiveness and engagement has emerged as a critical facet of effective teaching and learning. Yet, accurately gauging student attentiveness, especially within sizable classrooms, presents an intricate challenge for educators. To address this, cutting-edge technology solutions have surfaced, harnessing the prowess of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and computer vision techniques to introduce a Student Attentiveness System. This system capitalizes on AI algorithms, including Haar Cascade, DLIB, and Local Binary Patterns Histograms (LBPH), to meticulously monitor and scrutinize students' facial expressions and behavioral cues during class. Haar Cascade expertly detects faces, DLIB extracts intricate facial features, while LBPH orchestrates facial recognition, collectively enabling precise assessment of student attentiveness. The implementation of the Student Attentiveness System offers a plethora of advantages. Educators can promptly identify and support students who may be encountering difficulties, fashion personalized teaching methods, and optimize classroom dynamics to ameliorate overall learning outcomes. Moreover, the system affords valuable feedback mechanisms for teachers, empowering them to enhance their instructional approaches and tailor their teaching styles to align with the unique needs of individual students. Thus, this innovative system not only modernizes attendance tracking but also elevates the educational experience, substantially improving both student engagement and the effectiveness of teaching practices.

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Face Recognition, Open CV, DLIB, Haar Cascade, LBPH, Machine Learning

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Traditionally Kajal is known as Surma or Kohl which is used as an eye liner. Designing Ayurvedic Kajal with medicinal plants as a cosmetic product for beautification was thought of as a novel and an innovative technique. The main advantages of these cosmetic products are more patient compliance, water resistant property, stability and of course economical to formulate. Looking at that the present study was carried out with the aim of formulation of Ayurvedic Kajal with the help of two medicinal plants viz. Eclipta alba (EA) and Vernonia cinerea (VC) and evaluate their potential for sustained ocular delivery. Standardization of the herbs was performed based on different physiochemical parameters and revealed the values were within the prescribed limits. Ingredients used for this present investigation was standardized using TLC method whereas process standardization was carried out with organoleptic characters and was resulted similar characters in terms of color, odor and consistency. Furthermore, product consistency was standardized by penetrometer test, moisture content test, TLC of the different extracts, microbial contamination and finally skin toxicity test. Different extracts like methanolic extract, lamp black extract, methanolic Kajal extract and hexane extracts for both the plants were carried out and revealed good results with all the extracts except.

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Kajal, Natural, Medicinal plant

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Throughout the 1900s, forensic accounting--the application of accounting principles in court--developed as a subject apart from ordinary accounting or auditing. As fraud altered the auditing profession, forensic accounting gradually developed as the accountant's response to fraud. One of the most in-demand accounting specialties in the early 21st century was forensic accounting, following a string of significant frauds. Since several significant frauds were discovered early in the twenty-first century, the field of forensic accounting has attracted a lot of attention from both professional and popular sources. Even if there is interest in the profession, there is still a certain element of mystery surrounding it. Although forensic accounting has been around for more than 50 years, more people will need to know about it as demand for the service grows.

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KEY WORDS:- Forensic accounting, awareness regarding fraud.

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Sodium Alginate in Combination with other natural Polymers like HPMC, Eudragit, Carbopol, and Gelatine, Microspheres loaded with Sitagliptin Phospate have been selected as a basis of the research work because of Biocompatabilty, Low Toxicity Biodegradability and Sustainability. Sodium Alginate microspheres are investigated in control release system as vehicles for the delivery of therapeutic agent to local sites. As they are natural polymers which are biodegradable, lack toxicity and are non- antigenic in nature. Therefore, the use of them as the carrier system is the targeting of anti-diabetic drugs in the treatment of, diabetes. In this study, microspheres of an anti-diabetic drug will be developed using Sodium Alginate and other polymers. Sitagliptin Phospate is an anti-diabetic drug that belongs to a class of drugs known as dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors that works by inhibiting the DPP-4 enzyme. By doing so, it prolongs the action of incretin hormones, primarily GLP-1. This prolongation enhances the release of insulin and suppresses the release of glucagon, resulting in improved blood sugar control in people with type 2 diabetes.To develop microspheres, certain preparation methods like the Ionic Gelation method have been adopted. The selection of best formulation will be based on the results demonstrating the particle size, surface morphology, loading efficiency, % yield value, physical characteristics, swelling properties, and the invitro release profile.

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Sitagliptin Phospate, Microspheres, HPMC, Eudragit, Carbopol, Gelatine, Biocompatabilty, Biodegradability , Anti-diabetic and Antigenic.

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Aims of study: Plantar fasciitis [PF] is a common cause of heel pain. Muscle energy technique [MET] and passive soft tissue therapies are widely used for its management. The objective of this review was to evaluate the comparative effectiveness of MET and passive soft tissue therapies on PF. Methodology: An extensive electronic literature search was made using different databases and search engines. Studies regarding MET and soft tissues therapies were investigated according to the eligibility criteria, using extracted data from and assessed for risk of bias. Outcome measures were pain and functional status. Results: Five articles met the selection criteria, were systematically reviewed for quantitative synthesis on comparative effects of MET and passive soft tissue therapies on PF. The quality of studies was moderate to high. Originality: This review is the independent creation of authors. Conclusion: Manual soft tissue techniques are more effective than MET on improving pain and function in plantar fasciitis.

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Soft tissue therapy, myofascial release, plantar fasciitis, ischemic compression, static stretching.

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In the current educational landscape, leave management for students relies on manual processes, where students submit leave requests through traditional methods. This archaic approach often results in time-consuming administrative tasks, such as record-keeping and leave verification. The Student Leave Management System is a web-based application designed to streamline and automate the leave application and approval process for students within educational institutions. This software application offers students the ability to submit leave requests securely using their unique identifiers and passwords. The system facilitates a more efficient and organized leave management process, reducing paperwork, minimizing the risk of data loss, and eliminating errorsin record-keeping.

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Leave Request, Approvel Workflow, Student Authentication,User,Roles(Admin,Student,Faculty),History Log.

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Key word: High Fidelity Simulation, Cardiac Life Support, Competencies.

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Human skin is becoming increasingly susceptible to aging and atopic dermatitis. Dermatitis, acne, and other skin issues are the most common side effects. Environmental pollution, allergies, and an increase in microbes all contribute to this phenomenon. Herbal remedies are becoming increasingly popular in response to this demand. According to Ayurveda, skin disorders are typically caused by blood pollution. The goal of this project is to develop and evaluate cosmetic herbs. A face mask made with natural ingredients that leaves your skin gleaming. Infused with turmeric, Multani mitti, green tea, Chandan powder, milk powder, and almond powder. The formulations were evaluated using a variety of criteria, including sensory irritation, physicochemical parameters, stability tests, microbiological attack, and mild irritation. So now we have tried to devise the ideal face mask suitable for all skin types.

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Aging, Atopic dermatitis, Herbal remedies, Ayurveda, Cosmetic herbs, Face mask, Turmeric.

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The Size of data base is increasing day by day with rapid speed. The WEKA is data processing tool contain organized collection of state of art machine learning algorithm. However, convenient interactive graphical user interfaces are provided for data exploration, for setting up large-scale experiments on distributed computing platforms, and for designing configurations for streamed data processing. This paper has been carried out to make a performance evaluation of Weka Lazy Classifier IB1 and IBk. The paper sets out to make comparative evaluation of two classifiers from WEKA IB1 and IBk in the context of dataset of Car Reviews to maximize true positive rate and minimize false positive rate using Different Test Mode. The WEKA tool used for result processing. These algorithms are compared on the basis of accuracy.

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Classification, IB1, IBK, Lazy Classifier, Weka

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The present study is descriptive and analytical in nature in the field of Personnel Management which is other wise known as Human Resource Management. Human resource is considered to be the most powerful and valuable asset for any organization. Human resources may be considered to be the total knowledge, skill, creative abilities, talents and aptitudes of an organization work force, as well as values, attitudes and benefits, acquired through knowledge and skills, represented by the talents and aptitude of the employed person. The job satisfaction is the talk of the day. It is true that satisfied employee contribute their maximum for the organization's goal achievement. Thus it is on the part of the employer to tackle the problem promptly to have a satisfied work face. This study on job satisfaction is an empirical investigation carried out among teachers employed in Private Schools and Government Aided Schools.

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Human Resource Management, Job Satisfaction, Level of Satisfaction, Organization, Personnel Management, and School Teachers

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AIM: The aim of the study was to assess the knowledge and expressed practices regarding prevention and management of urinary tract infection among adolescent girls of Rajkiya Kanya Mahavidyalaya Shimla. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY: The research approach selected for the present study was a qualitative approach. A pre-experimental research design was adopted with one- group pretest- posttest design. The study was conducted at Rajkiya Kanya Mahavidyalaya Shimla Himachal Pradesh. The 40 adolescent girls B.A. 1st year students were selected through Non probability convenient technique. Data was collected by using self structured knowledge questionnaire and checklist was used to assess the expressed practices regarding prevention and management of urinary tract infection among adolescent girls. RESULT: In pre-test knowledge scores (50%) students were having below knowledge level regarding prevention and management of urinary tract infection while (47.5%) were having average knowledge, Whereas in post-test knowledge (2.5%) students were having average knowledge regarding prevention and management of urinary tract infection, (97.5%) were having good knowledge. The pre-test expressed practices scores of students was (0%) regarding poor practice related to prevention and management of urinary tract infection while (30%) were having average practice , Whereas post-test expressed practices scores (2.5%) students were having average practice while (97.5%) were having good practice regarding prevention and management of urinary tract infection. CONCLUSION: This study concluded that the adolescent girls had inadequate knowledge regarding prevention and management of Urinary Tract Infection and structure teaching program was effective in improving the adolescent girls knowledge and expressed practices regarding prevention and management of Urinary Tract Infection

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Knowledge, Urinary tract infection, expressed practices, Effectiveness, Adolescent girls, structured teaching program

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During the first world war due to an innumerable death caused by the war. Britain and its allies France faced a threat of defeat in the western front of France against the invasion of Germany. Therefore, the necessity to raise the human force became inevitable, France appealed to its allies for the support and Britain turned towards India for the same as India being under British rule is unexceptional. In 1917, British secretary of the state for India Austin Chamberlin decided to raise 50,000 Indian labour corps. The British government started recruitment in the Northeast for the noncombatant role and thus 2000 Nagas were recruited as the labour corps and an estimated 1680 participated in the world war I under the command of the then Deputy commissioner of Naga Hills, Herbert Charles Barnes. Nagas enrolled in the labour corps due to various grounds but their exposure to a complete new civilization changed their outlook towards the lifestyle, ideology and political perception about the importance and need to preserve their social, cultural, traditions, political rights. This articles focus on the participation and contribution, the need of the government to acknowledge the sacrifices of the Indian labor corps and to understand the complexities of sentimentalism of the Nagas in solving a long protracted Naga imbroglio.

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World War I, Naga Labour corps, British rule, Naga Hills, Naga Sentimentalism.

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The main objective of this study was to explore the problems faced by women with locomotor disability. The present study was conducted in Panchkula district of Haryana. A list of registered locomotor disabled was procured from the office of the Civil Surgeon, Panchkula. A sample of 210 locomotor disabled females was collected. They were above the age of 18 years. For the present study, interview schedule was used to collect data. Findings indicated that 94.3 percent respondents faced multiple health problems related to loco-motor disability. 13.3 percent respondents reported various occupational problems. 48.7 percent of the respondents faced problems in their family of orientation. 20.4 percent respondents faced discrimination at hands of their husbands and in-laws. 36.2 percent respondents reported that they faced mobility related problems.

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Locomotor Disability, Locomotor Disabled Women, Health problems, Mobility related issues

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In contemporary organizational settings, issues such as job dissatisfaction, absenteeism, stress, burnout, and a sense of disconnection prevail, leaving individuals feeling detached both within their workplace and society. This study explores the presence of workplace spirituality and its impact on job satisfaction and citizenship behavior, focusing on higher education institutions in Karnataka. Workplace spirituality, as conceptualized by Stephen P. Robins, is distinct from organized religious practices and emphasizes the inner life of individuals nourished by meaningful work within a community context. The paper addresses Robins' questions about the scientific foundation, compatibility with profits, and the imposition of spiritual values. Although the scientific foundation of workplace spirituality is an ongoing area of research, it is associated with mental health, social psychology, and emotional intelligence, contributing to reduced stress, improved focus, and increased productivity. The study investigates workplace spirituality in the context of higher education, recognizing its potential to bridge the gap between personal values and professional life, thereby addressing the challenges posed by modern lifestyles, such as loneliness and a sense of emptiness. Workplace spirituality, encompassing a sense of purpose, community, compassion, and mindfulness, is seen as a unique concept with the potential to enhance employee satisfaction. The objectives of the study include testing the presence of workplace spirituality, examining its relationship with job satisfaction and citizenship behavior, and analyzing its role as a positive mediator between job satisfaction and citizenship behavior in higher education institutions in Karnataka. The research methodology involves testing hypotheses related to workplace spirituality's presence and its relationships with job satisfaction and citizenship behavior. The study's value lies in shedding light on the importance of workplace spirituality, especially in higher education, where it can equip individuals, including teachers, to lead with empathy, foster inclusive environments, enhance productivity, and make ethical decisions. Results summary highlights demographic characteristics, income levels, work satisfaction, engagement, team dynamics, job security, organizational satisfaction, health and well-being, skill utilization, time management, income satisfaction, innovation and collaboration, work-life balance, carelessness at work, and the nuances within educational institutions. This research contributes to the understanding of workplace spirituality in the unique context of higher education, providing insights into its implications for individual and organizational well-being.

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Workplace spiritualty, Job satisfaction, Citizenship behaviour, Higher education and Organizational issues.

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Urbanization is a defining feature of the 21st century, with a rapidly growing global population increasingly gravitating towards cities. The allure of urban life is undeniable, offering economic opportunities, cultural richness, and a high standard of living. However, this relentless urban expansion brings with it a multitude of challenges, chief among them being the efficient management of municipal services, particularly the handling and treatment of wastewater. The design of a sewer system is a cornerstone of urban infrastructure, integral to the health, well-being, and environmental sustainability of a community. It is a complex and multifaceted endeavor that demands meticulous planning, engineering ingenuity, and a deep commitment to safeguarding both public health and the environment. The modern sewer system is far removed from its historical counterparts, having evolved into a sophisticated network of conveyance and treatment facilities designed to mitigate the risks posed by untreated wastewater and stormwater runoff. This thesis embarks on a comprehensive exploration of the design and optimization of a sustainable urban sewer system. It delves into the intricacies of a sewer system's components, from its initial planning and hydraulic modeling to the selection of materials and treatment technologies. The central focus is not just on functionality but on the integration of environmentally conscious and resource-efficient principles, aligning with the imperatives of our times. As we stand at the intersection of rapid urbanization, climate change, and resource scarcity, the need for innovative, adaptable, and sustainable sewer systems has never been more pressing. This thesis seeks to contribute to the growing body of knowledge and practice in urban infrastructure design, offering insights and solutions that not only meet the current needs of our cities but also pave the way for resilient, eco-friendly, and forward-looking sewer systems capable of serving generations to come.

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Sewer , waste water, design

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition