Volume 3 | Issue 2

 Abstract

The clarification process in sugarcane juice refining is crucial for ensuring high-quality sugar production. This study explores the implementation of Fuzzy Neural Networks (FNN) combined with Genetic Algorithms (GA) and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) to regulate the pH value during sugarcane juice clarification. Traditional pH control methods in sugar refineries often struggle with nonlinearities and process variations, leading to inefficiencies. By integrating intelligent control techniques, this research proposes a robust and adaptive model that optimizes pH regulation. Experimental results demonstrate that FNN, in conjunction with GA and PSO, enhances system stability and efficiency. The findings indicate improved response time, reduced pH deviation, and enhanced sugar quality.

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Fuzzy Neural Networks, pH Control, Sugarcane Juice Clarification, Genetic Algorithms, Particle Swarm Optimization, Sugar Refineries, Intelligent Control, and Process Optimization.

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This study investigates microfinance's influence on women entrepreneurs' empowerment in Kerala, with a specific focus on its effects on revenue production, business sustainability, and social empowerment. Data was obtained from 100 women entrepreneurs across diverse sectors using a mixed-methods approach. The results demonstrate that microfinance has a substantial impact on increasing income levels and improving financial management abilities, which in turn leads to business expansion and higher savings. Nevertheless, obstacles such as restricted financing availability, insufficient market growth, and socio-cultural hindrances persist. Entrepreneurial training and financial literacy were found to be essential elements for achieving success, while the regression analysis revealed that access to financing and training were major indicators of improved results. The study asserts that microfinance is a valuable instrument for promoting women's entrepreneurship. However, it emphasises the importance of overcoming the highlighted obstacles to fully maximise effectiveness. Suggestions for increasing microfinance programs involve improving credit accessibility, bolstering training efforts, and promoting market linkages to promote enduring sustainability and empowerment.

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Microfinance, women entrepreneur. Economic empowerment, financial inclusion

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Mulkraj Anand strongly believes that the downtrodden is not born but made. With his personal experience and also with his gift of imagination, he depicts the pathetic socio-economic conditions of the downtrodden in pre-independence India through his novels. In short, he is the angry young man who cannot tolerate exploitation of one man by another man, or of one class buy another. He is a sworn enemy to all kinds of exploitation, be that economic, social or political. The monster of socio economic exploitation is hydra-headed and can assume numerous forms. The first and the strongest type of exploitation are economic. Economic order that existed in the pre-Independence India and whose remnants are found even now to some extent, allowed untold wealth and power to be concentrated into a few hands. These few powerful capitalists and zamindars could dictate very harsh and humiliating terms to the many poor. The rich and powerful had full liberty to exploit the many poor and to grind them mercilessly under the wheel of economic monopolies. Mulkraj Anand's fictional novel "Untouchable" makes us knowing the real life spectrum of socio-economic exploitation of the downtrodden in pre-independence India. The story of the novel set in the so-called outcastes' colony of unnamed town during the British rule and is based on the life of the most downtrodden, despised and oppressed section of Indian Society, the outcastes. The present paper aims at - how the downtrodden suffer during the period of pre-independence Indian socially as well as economically in the light of the characters of Mulkraj Anand's "Untouchable"

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The banking sector in India stands out as one of the most mature, deeply entrenched, and focused markets. It serves as a vital income generator within the economy, channeling substantial funds to regulate, stabilize, and bolster economic activities. Banks play a crucial role in augmenting household incomes and managing expenditures. Retail banking, driven by a commitment to revenue generation, cost reduction, interest rate regulation, and enhanced profitability, has firmly prioritized customer satisfaction. The primary aim of this assessment is to closely examine the level of satisfaction among borrowers from HDFC Bank

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Hoam loan, Customer Satisfaction.

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The purpose of this research study was to The Study of Effect of Dribbling Skil by Circuit Training on Hockey Game Skill. The research study was limited to hockey players. In this research study, the players who played hockey at the state level in South Gujarat were selected as subject matter. A total of 30 hockey players were randomly selected in this research study. The subjects in this research study will be divided into two groups. In which 15 subjects were given various shooting skills training and 15 subjects were kept in control group. Subjects were randomly selected in this research study. There were 15 subjects in each group. The Harbansing Hockey Test was chosen as the standard of measurement for Dribbling Skills in this research study. Group-A Circuit training was then given for 12 weeks and Group-B was kept as a control group. The north test of both groups was then taken. The differences between the mediators applied to the experimental group and the data obtained from the control group were applied to the variance, covariance analysis (ANCOVA) and the validity was checked at 0.05 level by applying the LSD Post Hawk test. The conclusion of which is as follows. The 12-week hockey skills training program of systematic improvement saw a significant improvement in the dribbling skills of the selected subjects.

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The Study of Effect of Dribbling Skil by Circuit Training on Hockey Game Skill

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This research paper examines the relationship between labour market dynamics and economic growth in developed economies. Drawing on a comprehensive review of theoretical frameworks and empirical studies, the paper investigates key indicators such as employment rates, wage dynamics, and labour market flexibility. Utilizing panel data analysis, the study provides empirical evidence on the impact of labour market dynamics on macroeconomic outcomes, including GDP growth and productivity trends. The findings highlight the importance of policies aimed at promoting full employment, balancing wage growth with productivity improvements, and enhancing labour market flexibility to foster sustainable and inclusive economic growth. The paper concludes with implications for policymakers and future research directions.

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Labour market dynamics, Economic growth, Developed economies, Employment, Wages, Labour market flexibility

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Dr. B. R . Ambedkar is known widely as a leader of oppressed classes who fought against caste system and untouchability but his contributions as an economist, humanist, socio-political scientist, constitutional expert is often ignored which is shocking for our economic fraternity. He wrote three books on economics and suggested many measures for economic development. He saw caste system as a major impediment on the economic and social development front This paper will make the readers curious and will definitely open avenues to research more on Ambedkar's economic findings.

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Ambedkar, Dalits ,Minorities, caste system, , Division of labour, Socialism.

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??????? ?????????? ???????? ???? ???????????? ???? ?????? ???????????? ???? ??????????????????????? ???????? ???????? . ? ???????????????, ?????? ?????? ???????????? ????????????????????????? ?????????? ???????, ??????? ??????? ???? ???????? ????????????, ?? ?????? ???????????? ????????? ??????? ?????? ? ???? ??????, ?????, ??????? ??????. ? ??????? ??? ????. ?. 1000 ??? ????????? ???????? ???????? ??? ??????????? ???????? ??????? ???? ??????????? ???????? ?????? ?????????????????, ?????? ? ??? ??? ?????????? ?????, ?????? 1926 ?? ????????? ?? ??????????? ??? 18 ???????? ???????????, 19 ? ???????? ??????????? ????????????? ??????????. ? ?????????? ???????? ??????? ? ?????? ??????????????????? ???? ??????? ?????? ????. ??????? ? ?????? ????,?????, ??????, ???????? ???????? ?????????? ?????????????? ????????? ???????? ????, ??????? ???????? ??????????? ??? ???? ???? ???????????? ???????? ????? ????????????. ? ???? ??????????? ??? ????? ?????????, ????????? ????????? ??????? ???????????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ? ??? ???????, ???? ???? ?????????? ??? ??????? ????????? ?????? ???????????? . ? ??? ??? ????????? ???? ?????? ???, ???????? ?????? ???? ???????, ???????????????? ?????????, ??? ??? ????????? ?????????. ???? ? ????????????? ??? ??????? ???? ??????? ??????? ?????????. ?????, ?????? ??? ??????? ?????????????? ????????? ??????? ??????????, ??????????, ?????????? ??????? ??????? ???? ???????? ????????. ????? ???????, ?? ?????, ???????? ?? ??????? ?????? ????? ????? ????? ???????????. ???????????????? ????????? ????? ????. ???? ???????? ??? ??????? ??????????? ?? ???????? ???????, ??????? ?????, ?????? ?????? ???? ????? ????. ???? ??????? ????????, ????????????? ????????? ?? ????? ??????? ??????????? ???????????, ??????? ???????????, ????? ????? ??????, ??? ??????? ?????? ??????? ?? ???? ?????? ????????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ?????, ???? ????????? ?????????????? ???? ???????? ??????. ???? ??????? ???????????????? ?????????? ????? ????????????? ????? ??????????? ???????????? ?????????????? ????? ????, ?? ?????????? ????????, ????? ???? ????????????? ????? ???? ?? ?????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ????????, ??, ??? ???? ???? ???? ??????????? ??? ????????? ????? ?????? ???? ????? ??????????, ????????? ??????????? ?? ???????????????? ??????????????. ?????????? ???? ???? ???????? ????????? ??????? ? ??? ??????? ??????? - ????? ?????????????? ??? ????????????? ???????? ??? ????????? ??????????? ????? ?????????? ??????????? ???????????? ??????????? ?????? ????? ???????? ??????? ?????????????? ????????????? ??????? ?? ??? ??????? ???????????? ??????????????? ??????????????????? ?????????

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????????? ??????- ?????, ????? ??????????, ??????? ????? ????????

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Companies in the hospitality sector (hotels, restaurants etc.) aim to distinguish their brand image and differentiate their product or service among the competitors by adopting brand strategies since identifying a target customer base and understanding their needs and preferences are of primary significance for hospitality firms. The achievement of a distinguished designation necessitates utilizing research-based and strategic branding techniques and suggestions. One major branding strategy particularly for international firms is co-branding. Nevertheless, there are scarce studies that examine the role of strategic co-brand management in the hospitality sector. This review paper aims to critically discuss the current position of strategic co-branding in the hospitality sector and possible problems involved in this issue. Recommendations for future research on co-branding of hospitality firms within the strategic management paradigm are provided. Furthermore, managers in the hospitality sector are given suggestions for enhancing strategic management of co- branding in hospitality and particularly in destination firms.

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Co-branding, brand management; hospitality; hotels and restaurants; strategic applications.

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In view of the fact that Gods in India played a vital role in go forward accommodating on people regarding their welcoming the caste system, the assault on gods has to turn out to be added frequently in dalit literature. Where there is God to attain some people uphill and the others lesser, in which the name of God there would be complete sharpness and opposition, their God grab to be a killer:

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Ambedkarism and Dalit Poetry: With reference to Telugu Dalit Poetry Part 2

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The open circuit and short circuit tests are fundamental experiments conducted on transformers to determine their performance characteristics and to assess their efficiency in electrical power transmission and distribution systems. These tests provide crucial information about a transformer's parameters, such as core losses, winding resistance, and voltage regulation, enabling engineers and operators to make informed decisions regarding their operation and maintenance.

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The open circuit and short circuit tests are fundamental experiments conducted on transformers to determine their performance characteristics and to assess their efficiency in electrical power transmission and distribution systems. These tests provide crucial information about a transformer's parameters, such as core losses, winding resistance, and voltage regulation, enabling engineers and operators to make informed decisions regarding their operation and maintenance.

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Ram Manohar Lohia is great philosopher, prominent freedom fighter, one of the leader of the Indian National Movement, for India's independence from the Colonial Masters, he is the most original thinker of the Socialist movement in India, Ram Manohar Lohia was one of the popular leaders of Modern India, he was a great pioneer of Democratic ethos, highly read and intellectual imbued with Socialist-humanist and Gandhian ideas construed of democracy as an antidote to Dictatorship. Over centralization at societal, politico- administrative and economic pedestal mars democracy which was and is the only hope for the teeming of millions of Indians. An attempt is made to comprehend Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia's reservations regarding the functioning of Democracy in independent India, his proposal for alternative model, he desires to create a society which would ensure justice to the poor, backward communities and women, he believed in self-realization and complete development of personality was possible only with the freedom. Liberty was necessary for self-realization, further, the enjoyment of freedom was possible only with the availability of equality, so liberty was in-separable from equality, liberty and equality were the two sides of the same coin, the fulfillment of equality was possible only under the State.

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Ram Manohar Lohia, Philosopher, Prominent, Freedom, Leader, National, Independence, Colonial, Thinker, Modern, Democratic, Socialist, Liberty, Equality, State

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These days education has become highly professional, utilitarian as well as commercially there are very few institutions and individuals who adhere to the afore mentioned ideals of education. This may be due to information explosion and fast changing life on this planet. Education has now a day acquired such a dimension that a high academic achievement is considered a hallmark of successful education. In this study the researcher has tried to find out the various degrees of influences on achievement motivation of the students particularly in aptitude in teaching. In the present study researcher studied the achievement motivation and aptitude of pupil teachers. For this purpose researcher selected one hundred students was selected from privately managed teacher training institutes by random sampling technique. Rao's Achievement Motivation Test and Teaching Aptitude Test Battery Dr. R.P Singh and Dr. S.N. Sharma was used. A significant and positive correlation between achievement motivate and aptitude of pupil teachers was found in this study. It reveals that the pupil teachers have scored high in aptitude lead to score higher achievement motivation.

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A STUDY OF ACHIEVEMENT MOTIVATION AND APTITUDE OF PUPIL TEACHERS IN RELATION TO GENDER AND LOCALITY

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The traditional understanding of ethnomedicinal plants is gradually fading. The emphasis of this review article is for the rehabilitation and preservation of ethnomedicinal knowledge about plants and the conservation of these species for the greater good of human society, ethnobotanical resources must be explored, identified, and their use must be documented.

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ethnomedicinal plants, traditional medicines, preservation, globalization.

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Empirical research reveals that financial literacy is quite poor, especially among educated individuals in industrialized and developing nations. This is especially true for a developing nation like India, which has a large and diverse population, a lack of bank penetration (especially in rural areas), and a wide selection of financial products. India's rapidly improving urban infrastructure, its young demographic dividend, and its distinctive socioeconomic and geographical mix provide an excellent opportunity to channel the country's untapped potential. When more individuals can participate in the economy because they have a basic understanding of money management, we all win. The idea of financial inclusion has been given a boost by recent government efforts like Jan Dhan Yojana. Therefore, learning about money is the first step in establishing financial stability. Several programs have been launched by the government of India to improve citizens' familiarity with and ability to use financial tools. To help readers better grasp the relevance of financial literacy, this article details the many efforts made by Indian regulatory bodies in the state of Jharkhand to promote financial inclusion and education. This research intends to examine the efforts of the Indian government (namely the RBI, SEBI, and IRDA) to raise the country's financial literacy. The current level of financial literacy in the state-wise of India has also been investigated.

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Financial Literacy, Financial Inclusion, RBI, SEBI, IRDA.

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Revolution, ppm, carbon sinks, carbon cycle, greenhouse gas emission, IPCC and dangerous.

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A STUDY ON CONTRIBUTIONS OF KADAMBA EMPIRE

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prises as a mother ensures her kids against the en

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Electronic marketing is the youngest of the membership growth devices and has grown exponentially since mainstreaming a little more than two decades ago. E marketing created a means of doing business defying time and space. It established speed, information flow and access in buying and selling of products. This in turn created a virtual market for actual products globally. The terms e -Marketing, Internet marketing and online marketing, are frequently interchanged, and can often be considered synonymous. This paper is outcome of a review of various research studies carried out on E-Marketing. The present study has been undertaken to analyze the present trends of e-marketing in India & examine the challenges & opportunities of e-marketing in India.

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Key words: Online marketing, offline marketing, Internet, Opportunities, Challenges.

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maitriya pushpa ki kahaniyo me gramin nari

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maitriya pushpa ki kahaniyo me gramin nari

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It deals with synthesis and spectral studies of 5H-[1,2,4] triazolo [3,4b][1,3,4]thiadiazines. A structurally diverse new series of 5H-[1,2,4] triazolo[3,4b][1,3,4]thiadiazine heterocycles having medicinally privi-leged nucleus have been synthesized by simple and solvent free environmental benign methods. A mixture of 4-amino-5-substituted-1,2,4-triazolo-3-thiol and ?-diketone/ ?-ketoester and catalytic amount of hydrazine hydrate exposed to microwave irradiation under solvent free condition in presence of an energy transfer agent DMF to get the product in high yield.

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5H-[1,2,4] triazolo [3,4b][1,3,4]thiadiazines, ?-diketone, ?-ketoester.

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