Volume 12 | Issue 2

 Abstract

The present study examined attitude towards information and communication technology usage among teacher educators in relation to computer competency of Gujrat state. For this purpose, samples of 400 teacher educators were selected randomly. Findings reveal that the means of different faculties on teacher educator's attitude scores may be considered equal and teacher educator's attitude scores mean were significantly different when they had low, moderate and high computer competency.

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Attitude towards ICT, Computer competency

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The present investigation was meant to study the professional commitment of primary school teachers in relation to their self-efficacy. The study consisted of 500 teachers teaching in government schools of Gujarat at the Primary level. Data was collected with the help of professional commitment scale for teachers by Baljeet Kaur (2007)and teacher self-efficacy scale by Ralf Schwarzer, Gerdamarie S. Schmitz and Gary T.Daytner (1999).The data obtained were analysed statistically with the help of Mean, SD, t-ratio and correlation to arrive at the following conclusions:(i) Female primary school teachers were found to have higher professional commitment than male school teachers. (ii)There is no significant gender difference was found in the self-efficacy of primary school teachers. (iii) There is positive correlation was found between professional commitment and self-efficacy.

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Professional commitment, Self-efficacy, Primary school teachers.

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This People usually communicate with words, either by speaking or writing. But for deaf individuals, sign language becomes their main way of sharing information. Without someone to interpret, they face challenges in connecting with others. Sign language uses visual patterns to convey meaning, and it's not only essential for the deaf but also helpful for those with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD).However, there's a gap in communication between deaf individuals and the rest of society because many people don't understand sign language. To address this issue, a solution is proposed - a system that uses a camera to capture hand gestures. This system, powered by a neural network, interprets these gestures and turns them into spoken words. It's like teaching technology to understand and speak the language of sign.Sign language is crucial for those who have difficulty hearing or speaking, but it's often challenging for others to interpret. This proposed system aims to eliminate the need for an interpreter by using advanced technology. The process involves capturing hand gestures, enhancing accuracy through image processing techniques, and finally, converting the signs into spoken words using a speech synthesizer. In simpler terms, it's like creating a smart system that helps bridge the communication gap between deaf individuals and the rest of the world

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Convolutional Neural Network,Deep Learning,Tensorflow,Text-to-voice

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Adhunik Loktantra me adhikar se jude Prashn aur Chunautiyan

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Adhunik Loktantra me adhikar se jude Prashn aur Chunautiyan

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Abstract Jute is an important natural fiber cash crop just like cotton crop and grows well in hot and moist climates. India and Bangladesh are the biggest jute producers in the world. India is the largest producer of jute contributing 61.2 percent of the total world production. Jute is the main commercial crop of eastern and northeastern India providing livelihood security to about 5.0 million people. Jute is mainly cultivated by marginal and small farmers in the Eastern and North-Eastern regions of India. Assam is the second largest producer of Jute in India after West Bengal. The main jute-producing districts of Assam are Nagaon, Goalpara, Barpeta, and Darrang district. Assam Co-operative Jute Mill full-fledge jute mill in Assam and produces a variety of jute products. Assam is an agrarian state where 85 per cent of the farmers are marginal or small, having an average operational holding of 1.10 hectares only. Due to growing environmental awareness and ecological concerns, the demand for natural fibers is increasing among environment-conscious consumers across the world. Originally raw jute was used as raw material for packaging industries only. Later it emerged as a source for paper industries, textile industries, soil savers, and decorative and furnishing materials. Jute industries have been facing a challenge from synthetic fibers, which have some advantages compared to jute. Hence it is necessary to assess the viability of jute and the jute sector and come up with a long-term strategy for the development of this sector. This paper analyzed production, problems, and potentialities relating to the Jute industry in Assam. Keyword: Jute mill, India, Assam, Fiber, Production Gultaz Begum Assistant Professor Sipajhar College, Sipajhar, Assam, India Mobile/WhatsApp no. 8638876301 Email ID: gultazbegum23@gmail.com

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Keyword: Jute mill, India, Assam, Fiber, Production

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ABSTRACT Background: A disorder known as gastro-esophageal reflux disease develops when stomach acid reflux causes unpleasant symptoms and/or consequences. Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are used in gastric acid suppression therapy to treat GERD. Here, Rabeprazole used since it provides better efficacy than other PPIs and Itopride a novel gastro prokinetic agent stimulate the movement of the gastrointestinal tract, which speeds up the emptying of the stomach and modifies the sensorimotor function of the stomach. When prokinetic drugs like itopride and proton pump inhibitors are used together to treat gastro-esophageal reflux disease, they work in combination to reduce acid production and improve therapeutic response. Aim: To compare the quality of life and medication adherence in patients taking Rabeprazole monotherapy versus Rabeprazole and Itopride combination therapy in gastro-esophageal reflux disease. Objective: The objectives of the study include o To assess the quality of life. o To assess the medication adherence. Materials and Methods: The prospective observational comparative study was carried out in 30 patients with GERD. Patients were assigned into two groups, Group A and Group B. Group A received Rabeprazole 20mg twice daily as monotherapy and group B received Rabeprazole and Itopride 20/150mg once daily as combination therapy; 30 minutes before food respectively for 0, 4 and 8 weeks. Patient's Quality of Life will be measured at the beginning of the therapy and patient counselling will be done using Patient Information Leaflet (PIL), then follow-up was taken after 4th and 8th weeks of treatment using Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease-Health Related Quality of Life questionnaire (GERD-HRQL). Patient's medication adherence will be assessed by using Adherence to Refill and Medication Scale (ARMS).

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Gastro esophageal reflux disease, Health related Quality of Life, Adherence to refill and medication scale.

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The NEP-2020 suggests transformation of higher educational institutes into a multidisciplinary university, College or a Knowledge Hubs, which can produce vibrant all-round scholars and where the students can perform inter-disciplinary or cross disciplinary research. The higher education means a blend of STEM and non-STEM disciplines according to NEP-2020. The NEP encourages in young women in India to participate in Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics to make a gender equality in higher education. The present study in the post-graduate departments of Dibrugarh University of the Science and Arts streams was made in comparison shows higher enrolments of females in science streams as well as in arts streams than the males.

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SC, ST, Female Students, Arts, Science, Post-graduate, Dibrugarh University

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NHB RESIDEX is an initiative of the National Housing Bank to provide an index of residential prices in India across cities and over time. At the behest of the ministry of finance, Government of India, began this initiative in the year 2005-06 and further undertook a pilot study to examine the feasibility of preparing such an index at the national level. NHB launched RESIDEX for tracking prices of residential properties in India, in July 2007, covering data up to 2005 with 2001 as the base year. The pilot study covered 5 cities viz. Bangalore, Bhopal, Delhi, Kolkata and Mumbai. They are Surat (24 per cent), Mumbai (19 per cent), Lucknow (19 per cent), Ahmedabad (16 per cent), Chennai (12 per cent), Pune (8 per cent), Kolkata (6 per cent), Bangalore (6 per cent), Kochi (4 per cent), Delhi (3 per cent) and Hyderabad (1 per cent). Surat (24 per cent) has shown the maximum increase followed by Mumbai and Lucknow (19 per cent). There are 4 cities which have shown correction in prices over the previous quarter which are namely Jaipur (-9 per cent), Bhopal (-4 per cent), Patna (-3 per cent) and Faridabad (-1 per cent). Jaipur (-9 per cent) has shown the maximum price correction in residential property prices.

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Key Words - NHB RESIDEX and National Housing Banking

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Real-world data (RWD) has emerged as a valuable resource for the pharmaceutical industry, providing insights into the safety, efficacy, and effectiveness of medications in real-world settings. However, RWD presents a number of challenges, including data quality, data integration, data analysis, and data privacy. Despite these challenges, RWD offers significant opportunities for improving drug safety, facilitating more effective drug development, enabling personalized medicine, and enhancing pharmacovigilance. To fully realize the potential of RWD, it is crucial to address the existing challenges by developing data quality standards, data integration tools, advanced data analysis methods, and robust data privacy protection measures. Additionally, collaboration among pharmaceutical companies, regulators, and healthcare providers is essential, along with clear regulatory guidance and patient education. By effectively utilizing RWD, the pharmaceutical industry can make a meaningful contribution to improving the quality of pharmaceutical products and patient care.

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Real-world data, Regulations in the Pharmaceutical Industry, RWD collection challenges, Opportunities in RWD operations, decision-making in the Pharmaceutical Industry.

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The Co-operative banks also called co-operative societies re-incorporate in the legal formal form of co-operatives. All these co-operative banks/societies or co-operative institutes has to obtain a license from the banking regulatory body 'Reserve Bank of India (RBI)' before starting financial business with strictly follow up the guidelines and polices set and issues have been framed by the 'RBI' established under the Indian constitutional provision. At present, there are 68 different types of co-operative banks are integrated with Indian co-operative banking system. Most of them have been constituted to enforce sustainable agriculture development and sustain the rural economy. But the Indian co-operative banking system basic objective not yet fulfil. Hence, in this paper, the author/s has described that various Governing (Government) Support, Management Concerns, Financial Assistances, Banking Service and Facilities and Customer Awareness and Satisfaction, etc., internal as well as external problems facing by the Co-operative banking system of India.

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Co-operative societies, Co-operative banks, RBI, NABARD, StCD's, DCCB's, UCB's, Financial assistance, Banking service, Banking facilities, Customer satisfaction.

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Bhagavad Gita is fight for the Kingdom 'Hastinapur'. Between the cousins Pandavas and Kauravas. Diplomacy has failed, so these two clans' armies meet on a battlefield to settle the conflict and decide which side will gain the throne Bhagavan Krishna described a good leader by quoting the example of 'Ocean'. The Ocean is independently full and not affected by rivers entering or not entering, dirty or clean. Similarly, the mind of a wise man (good leader) is independently full and not disturbed by favorable or unfavorable experiences. He always remains calm and controlled mind. Not respond to any situation hastily. Bhagavad Gita contains many leadership lessons that are similar to existing leadership theories and practices.

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Bhagavad Gita, Leadership, Empathy and Compassion

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This literature review explores the evolving landscape of pharmaceutical market access, with a focus on both developed and emerging markets. The significance of tailored market access strategies, especially in complex environments like Italy, is emphasized. The review delves into the challenges pharmaceutical companies face in emerging markets, highlighting growth opportunities. Key components of market access strategies, such as regulatory acceptance and stakeholder engagement, are identified. The discussion extends to the role of technology, including blockchain and AI, in transforming market access. The evolving dynamics of pricing, reimbursement, and health technology assessment are also explored. The conclusion anticipates future trends, envisioning collaborations between pharmaceutical companies and stakeholders to improve access, the transformative impact of digital technologies, and the growing role of AI in pharmaceutical research and development.

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Pharmaceutical market access, developing markets, developed markets, stakeholders, market access framework, rising healthcare costs, pricing, and reimbursement.

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North East India comprises of eight small states of Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland, Sikkim (becomes a part of this region in 2002) and Tripura. Right from the early times, in spite of its secluded geographical location, people from dissimilar ethnic stocks with diverse socio - cultural backgrounds came from different direction at various stages and established their settlement areas. The region served as a corridor where migrants from Tibet, South- East Asia and China, and Indian sub-continent arrived at the made their permanent abode. At the same time, almost all the religion of the Northern India passed through this region to spread them in South East Asia and China. The region also witnessed one of the most significant battles which shaped the course of the World War II i.e., the Imphal-Kohima Battle. The region can also boast of having Majuli, the largest river island in the world, Mawlynnong-the cleanest village in Asia, INA War Memorial-the only of its kind in India and Japanese War Memorial at Red Hill- the only of its kind in mainland Asia. So, the rich history of the region and its cultural diversity make its national and international tourism appeal large and diverse. It represents heritage and cultural tourism along with other aspects of tourism in the region. So, the region in spite of many drawbacks has a large tourist potential for heritage and cultural tourism by exploring historical valued destinations.

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Heritage and Cultural Tourism in North East India by Exploring Historical Valued Destinations

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 Abstract

JHARKHAND KE GARAMIN AADHIVASHI MAHILAO PER PRADHANMANTRI UJAVALA YOJNA KE PRABHAV KA EK SAMAJSHATRTIYA ADHYANAN

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JHARKHAND KE GARAMIN AADHIVASHI MAHILAO PER PRADHANMANTRI UJAVALA YOJNA KE PRABHAV KA EK SAMAJSHATRTIYA ADHYANAN

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This article delves into the revolutionary movements in colonial-era Dinajpur district, focusing on its socio-political landscape and interactions with neighboring British colonial districts. It explores the rise of revolutionary organizations like Anushilan Samity and Jugantar, tracing their activities and impact on the region. Despite challenges in sourcing, the study aims to unveil the hidden narratives of armed struggle and societal influences. Notable incidents such as the Hili Mail Robbery highlight the fervour of revolutionaries, led by figures like Prafulla Narayan Sanyal. The involvement of women and Muslims marks a shift in the movement's dynamics. Collaborations between Anushilan and Jugantar underscore tactical alliances amidst ideological differences. Ultimately, while the movement faced limitations and lacked broad support, it significantly contributed to India's quest for independence.

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Northern Bengal, Dinajpur, Revolutionary movement, Hili Mail Docoity, Kakna Docoity

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Murder punishment in various nations' legal systems is the study's major focus. Comparing national legal systems and studying successful trials is the research strategy. The research reveals that domestic legal systems must criminalise genocide to stop and address these atrocities. The UN Sustainable Development Goals make stopping genocide a priority. The international legal framework for murder prosecution lacks political will and strength. Genocide should be a crime under domestic legal systems to provide accountability and justice for victims. The research found that several nations have adopted international murder laws. Various nations have various laws, penalties, and guidelines for that may do what. The report also discusses how difficult it is to acquire evidence of genocide and how vital international cooperation is when prosecuting suspects. Importantly, the research aids the battle against murder.

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Genocide, international law, domestic law, crimes against humanity, prosecution

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This paper aims at studying similes in the dramas of Sanskrit poet/dramatist Kalidasa. Kalidasa is India's national poet/dramatist who may be considered a universal poet of nature, love and humanism. He belonged to Golden age of ancient India, marked by the culmination of Brahminical renaissance(the reign of the king Chandragupta 375-416 A.D). There is only assumption about Kalidasa's age. Perhaps, he remained in fifth century B.C. Though the historians differ in this matter, the tradition that Kalidasa inherited was an integral and a complete. Kalidasa gave the beautiful manifestation of that tradition and culture. His dramas and other works are the reflection of his great poetic vision and dramatic craftsmanship As Shakespeare is the representative poet/dramatist of the Elizabethan era, Kalidasa is also a representative of the ancient India. The culmination of Kalidasa's poetic achievement shows a vision of life that is permeated with serenity along with the aesthetic beauty. Kalidasa wrote seven works - two epics Raghuvansham and Kumarsambhavam, two long poems - Ritusanhara and Meghadutam and three dramas - Malavikgnimitram, Vikramorvasiyam and Abhijnana Sakuntalam. Kalidasa's use of simile reveals his power of imagination aesthetic taste and keen observation of life and nature. His similes cover a wide range of objects ranging from the sun to a lamp and from the elephant to an ant. His similes are mostly drawn from nature. This paper intends to make a study of similes used by Kalidasa in his play Abhijnana Sakuntalam.

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Kalidasa, Simile, Abhijnana Sakuntalam

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Abstract: The integration of Inquiry-Based Learning with Multidisciplinary Groups (IBLMG) has emerged as a prominent approach in contemporary educational settings, aimed at promoting enhanced teaching and learning outcomes. This journal delves into the core principles and methodologies underpinning the IBLMG framework, exploring its potential to foster a dynamic and engaging learning environment. By combining the strengths of Inquiry-Based Learning and Multidisciplinary Group collaboration, educators can empower students to cultivate critical thinking, problem-solving, and teamwork skills. The analysis examines the inquiry process in IBLMG and the impact on student learning outcomes. The findings provide valuable insights for educators and policymakers seeking to optimize teaching and learning strategies while fostering a holistic and multidimensional educational experience through IBLMG integration.

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Index Terms: Policymakers, Multidimension, Teamwork, Critical thinking.

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The treatment of bacteria using plant extract is common. The extract's inclusion of photochemical substances helps treat ailments as well. The three genera of the banana plant--Musa, musella, and ensete--belong to the musaceae family of herbaceous plants. Puttable Musa paradisaca l.ev. is a widespread plant in the musaceae family that goes by the name "banana plant." The purpose of this study is to assess the antibacterial properties of the leaves of Musa paradisaca using soxhlet equipment to prepare leaf extract using solvents like ethanol and chloroform. The leaf extract's antibacterial activity was tested against the bacteria Enterococcus feacium (MTCC 5695). In contrast, all of the MP's polar extracts were shown to be able to kill 90% of the tested bacterial pathogens.

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Key words ? Antibacterial agent, banana, chloroform, ethanol, leaf extract, musa paradisaca Enterococcus feacium, Zone of inhibition

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