Volume 6 | Issue 2

 Abstract

Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench commonly known as "Jowar" is the most important Rabi and Kharif crop of India belonging to the family "Poaceac". It is among one of the four major cereal crop of the world, the other three being wheat, rice and maize. Charcoal rot caused by M phaseolina is a root and stalk rot disease and has a great destructive potential as a disease in most Sorghum growing regions during Rabi and Kharif season. the present investigation was aimed to undertake a thorough study on the symptomatology and disease cycle of Macrophomina phaseolina on Charcoal rot of Sorghum, results of which shows both the isolates had similar pattern of growth (colony, shape and margin) except in colony colour, distribution, number, size and shape of the sclerotia. Pycnidia formation was observed in stem isolate (A) and not in root isolate (B).

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Sorghum bicolor, Kharif,Sclerotia

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Rapid industrialization and constant discharge of large volume of liquid effluent has serious effect on soil quality. In the present study, experiment was carried out in order to find out nitrogen fixation in zea mays Linn and Pennisetum typhoides Rich. The seeds of these crops were sown in earthenware pots containing black cotton soil. The pots were irrigated with different concentration of effluent (5, 10, and 50 percent).Dry matter and nitrogen content was estimated after 40 days of growth. It was noted that dry matter of zea mays Linn was slightly increased with the treatment of increased concentration of effluent. In case of Pennisetum typhoides Rich the dry matter was also increased with the increase of percent effluent up to50 percent. At 100 percent it is slightly reduced. Nitrogen content in the dry matter was also increased with the increase of effluent concentration.

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Sugar factory effluent, dry matter, nitrogen content. Zea mays, Pennisetum typhoides.

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 Abstract

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Lamellidens consobrinus,Arsenic-tri-oxide Coriander extract.

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The Nashik Municipal Corporation has established a compost factory for converting garbage into compost and for land filling. An environmental impact study was carried out mainly to assess the groundwater pollution near Municipal solid waste landfill site to predict potential contamination of groundwater resources by leachate. The water quality parameters were studied. From analysis of the results obtained, it is revealed that the quality around the site up to a distance of 2.5 km. from the Waste Treatment Plant is being impacted due to the infiltration of contaminated leachate.

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Nashik, Municipal solid waste, Leachate, Groundwater pollution

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Present study is deals with the fish diversity of Darna region, Nashik district, Maharashtra. A total of 19 species belongs to 4 orders and 10 families were recorded. A classified list of fishes has been observed in the present study. Major Indian carps and few cat fishes are commercially important groups in the Darna region are discussed in this paper.

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 Keywords

fauna, Darna region, fishery.

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To understand the effect of Tetrahydroxy-p-benzoquinone on reproduction performance freshly moulted 24-36 hours old adult Dysdercus cingulatus were separated from culture and treated with sublethal doses. Three experimental group namely Group I where both the adults male and female were treated Group II only females were treated and Group III where males were treated along control group were kept . Numbers of viable eggs laid number of eggs hatched into first instar and their further development into nymphs / adults was noted. A sterility index indicative of decreases in fecundity was calculated; with this index a value of 100 represents complete infertility.

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Tetrahydroxy-p-benzoquinone, Dysdercus cingulatus,sublethal doses, sterility index, fecundity, infertility

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The present study was studied with the effect of different Diets i.e. Diet-C, Diet-G and Diet-T were studied with the fore gut, mid gut and Hind gut. The lipase activity is highest in the fore gut with Diet-C and lowest in the Hind gut of the Diet-T. The Proteinase activity of is similar in the fore gut, Mid gut and Hind gut with the three Diets. The amylase activity was highest in the fore gut with Diet-G and lowest in the hind gut with Diet-T. The Protein concentration was lowest in the Mid gut and higher in the Hind gut.

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Periplaneta americana (L.), Proteinase assay, Amylase assay, Lipase.

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Nashik district has many natural fresh water streams, dams and small percolation tanks. Many species of mollusks inhabit these steams and reservoirs alongwith a variety of birds, cattle, sheep and goats offering an ideal environment for the operation of life cycle in helminth parasites. Not much information is available on the larval trematode parasite found in this region. Hence it was thought worthwhile to study the new species of monostome larval trematode parasite cercaria chankapuriansis nsp in freshwater snails of Nashik district are described and diagnostic feature of new species compared with related species

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Larval trematodes, Parasite, Freshwater Snails, New species, Nashik District.

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 Abstract

Ground water contaminated always the human activity. In manpur block area where population density is high and human use of the land is intensive, ground water is especially vulnerable. Virtually any activity whereby chemicals or wastes may be released to the environment, either intentionally or accidentally, has the potential to pollute ground water. When ground water becomes contaminated, it is difficult and expensive to clean up. To begin to address pollution prevention or remediation, we must understand how surface waters and ground waters interrelate. Ground water and surface water are interconnected and can be fully understood and intelligently managed only when that fact is acknowledged. If there is a water supply well near a source of contamination, that well runs the risk of becoming contaminated. If there is a nearby falgu river or other sources, that water body may also become polluted by the ground water.

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Ground water, Contamination,Falgu

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 Abstract

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Salinity, Fenugreek, Zea mays, nutrients, trace element, abiotic factor etc.

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Histopathological observations were made on infected and non-infected hepatopancreas of snail, Lymnea luteola. Infected hepatopancreas either with rediae of cercaria microcaeca (Distome) revealed basically histopathological abnormalities showing the presence of reduced amount of acid mucopolysaccharide. Alteration either histological or histochemical in infected hepatopancreas are associated with the type of size of trematode larvae and degree of parasitism and these were greater in hepotopancreas infected with rediae than in sporocysts

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Histopathology, hepatopancreas, Lymnea luteola, cercaria, microcaeca

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 Abstract

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Nigella sativa, Miracle herb, Ranunculaceae, Habat-ul-Sauda, Thymoquinone, Tibb-e-Nabwi, Black seeds, Anti-diabetic, Antioxidant

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Indian economy, Industrial effluents, Hazardous wastes, TDS, Sulphate

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Menadione, (2 methyl 1,4 naphthoquinone) has a potential to be developed as an effective insecticide from quinone group, which is explored for its effect on non target species. In the light of this, the acute toxicity of Menadione was investigated in the present study for Gambusia affinis. Fishes were exposed to different concentrations (0.018 to 0.09 mg/L) of Menadione for 96 hrs. The acute toxicity value was found to be 0.0536 mg/L. Acute toxicity and behavioral patterns were studied in lethal and sub lethal concentrations. Gambusia exhibited several distinct behavioral patterns like, erratic swimming pattern, surfacing phenomenon, decreased sensitization, hemorrhage regions, decreased opercular movements, increased distance between gill and operculum, hypo-pigmentation and then hyper pigmentation before death. Fish in sublethal concentrations were found to be stressed but it was not fatal. Hence, it can be concluded that the present compound, Menadione has a potential to be developed as a safer and effective insecticide for non target species and the target species respectively. This acute toxicity value is 50 times higher than which is required for insecticidal property, so Menadione can be considered safe for aquatic non target species.

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Gambusia affinis, behavioral patterns, Menadione

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 Abstract

Population dynamics is the branch of biology that studies the size and age composition of particular population, and also studies the rate of vital events such as birth rate, death rate, migration & immigration. While studying population growth models one has to study formulation, analysis and application of models that describe the dynamics of biological populations. By plotting scatter diagram of bivariate data by taking time on X axis & population on Y axis we get tentative idea of growth models. They are mainly Linear, Exponential, Logistic & Gompertz curve. The most popular model is Logistic in which population grows slowly & grows exponentially. An increase in population is expected to cause depletion of resources of all types. The rate of increase may be lowered in such situation & reaches its saturation point which is species specific level. This is also called as sigmoidal growth model.

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Population Dynamics, Growth Models, Linear, Exponential, Logistic, Gompertz

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 Abstract

Water body contains variety of Zooplankton. These organisms by their adaptability are present in all possible environmental condition and are used as an indicator of pollution. Zooplankton diversity is one of the most important ecological parameter in water quality assessment. The Biodiversity of Zooplankton in water bodies shows a co-relation with reference to their occurrence and their physico-chemical factors. So in this study the attempt has been to evaluate the diversity of zooplankton at Chankapur dam, Nashik.

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 Keywords

Pollution, Parameter, Indicator

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Deproteination and demineralization are the two critical steps in the recovery of chitin from shrimp shells. Chitin is conventionally recovered from shrimp shells using NaOH and HCl for deproteination and decalcification respectively. Use of these chemicals cause environmental problems during disposal of waste water of the chitin recovery unit and sometimes may cause denaturation of chitin.To overcome this, in the present study for deproteination of shrimp shells, protease producing bacterial culture was checked for its efficiency to remove protein from white shrimp(Litopenaeus vannamei) shells. Elemental analysis of head and abdominal part of the shrimp shell was done to find out chitin rich fraction. Efficient organism, capable of more deproteination efficiency (%) was identified as Vibrio metschnikovii strain Xmb057 and after antibiotic sensitivity checking it was found to be sensitive for majority of commonly prescribed antibiotics. For measuring deproteination efficiency (%), dry weight of shells and Nitrogen content of shrimp shells by Kjeldahl methodwas measured daily after drying. Protein Nitrogen removed was calculated by subtracting chitin Nitrogen from total Nitrogen. To check presence of amino acids in recovered protein, broth was hydrolyzedand analyzed for amino acid contentby Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography (UPLC).

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Litopenaeus vannamei, Protease, deproteination, chitin recovery

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 Abstract

Zooplankton plays an important role in aquatic ecosystem. They are assisting the economically in fish culture. The zooplankton diversity in Salim Ali Lake of Aurangabad Maharashtra, India was observed from January, 2017 to December 2017. In this dam presence of culturable fishes were found. During the study period, we collected 35 species from 12 genera (Rotifers- 06, Cladocerans- 03, Copapodes- 02, and Ostracodes-01) of zooplanktons. The Rotifera was found dominated over Copepoda, Cladocera and Ostracoda species. Quantitative and qualitative analysis was made for distribution of the species, because the productivity of zooplankton turned into unique, it could be continuously implemented for aquaculture.

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Zooplanktons, physico-chemical parameter, Salim Ali Lake

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Two atomic sub-levels are considered within the frame work of compact density matrix formulism. The occurrence of electromagnetically induced transparency in a quantum well is observed in the present work. The intersubband electromagnetically induced transparency in the two level single quantum well is investigated theoretically. The taken system is GaAs sandwiched between the GaAlAs semiconducting material. The confinement potential and the well size of the quantum well are fixed. The conduction band subband energies and the eigenfunctions of the single electron and the hole in a Ga0.7Al0.3As/GaAs/Ga0.7Al0.3As quantum well are computed. The intersubband energies are calculated. The optical susceptibilities, the Rabi frequency and the detuning parameters are investigated in the present work. The interaction between the electromagnetic field and the taken semiconducting system is defined within the rotating wave approximation. The dependence of the nonlinearities on the Rabi frequency and detuning parameter is brought out.

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: Electromagnetically induced transparency, density matrix di?erential equations Rabi frequency, two level system

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 Abstract

The order difference interval graph of a group G, denoted by ?_ODI (G), is a graph with V(?_ODI (G)=G and two vertices a and b are adjacent in ?_ODI (G) if and only if o(a)-o(b) ? [o(a),o(b) ]. Without loss of generality, assume that o(a)?o(b). In this paper, we try to classify all finite abelian groups whose order difference interval graphs are toroidal and projective.

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 Keywords

difference interval graph, finite group, planar, genus, crosscap

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