Volume 14 | Issue 2

 Abstract

Power transformers are one of the most critical and expensive components in power generation, transmission, and distribution systems. Any unexpected failure of a transformer can result in major power outages, economic losses, and damage to connected equipment. Therefore, continuous monitoring of transformer health parameters is essential to ensure reliability and long service life. This project presents the design and implementation of a Transformer Health Monitoring System using Internet of Things (IoT) technology. The system continuously monitors key parameters such as winding temperature, oil temperature, oil level, load current, supply voltage, and gas formation inside transformer oil. Sensors are interfaced with a microcontroller, which processes the data and transmits it to a cloud platform for real-time monitoring. Alerts are generated automatically when parameters exceed safe operating limits. The proposed system provides predictive maintenance, reduces manual inspection, improves transformer reliability, and enhances overall power system efficiency.

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 Keywords

Internet of Things (IOT), power transformer, WI-FI Module

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 Abstract

Mosquito repellent cream is intended to product against from mosquito bites. Particularly from Anopheles mosquitoes which spread malaria. A natural blend of marigold (Tagetes erecta L.), mint (Mentha piperita), and citronella (Cymbopogon nardus L.) essential oils. This herbal combination provides long-lasting protection against mosquito bites. Marigold extract contains bioactive compounds known for their mosquito-repelling properties, while mint oil offers a cooling and refreshing sensation. Citronella oil contributes to both the fragrance and repellent effectiveness of the cream. Sensitive skin can safely use this polyherbal cream since it is an environmentally friendly and chemical-free substitute for synthetic repellents. Due to its natural composition the cream is safe, non-greasy, and rapidly absorbed into the skin. It provides a gentle, non-irritating, and skin-friendly way to avoid mosquito bites and reducing the risk of mosquito-borne diseases such as malaria, dengue, and chikungunya.

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Mosquito Repellent Cream - Using Poly Herbs - Marigold, Mint, Citronella, Against Mosquito Borne Disease.

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Despite having 16% of the world's population, India only possesses 4% of the world's rapidly diminishing water resources. It is anticipated that the present water consumption will increase from 40 billion cubic meters (bcm) to around 220 bcm by 2025. One of the most crucial inputs for crops is water. Its abundance and scarcity have an impact on plant growth and development, yields, and output quality. There are several ways to increase soil moisture and lessen these losses. These include mulching, cropping, tree planting, contour farming, using net-surfacing traps or polythene sheets to capture fog or dew, connecting water systems via canals to move water from areas with excess water to areas with deficit water, desalination technologies like distillation, electro-dialysis, and reverse osmosis, and using efficient watering systems like sprinklers and drip irrigation to cut down on plant water consumption. Changing people's attitudes and behaviours, including our own, is the most crucial stage in the process of finding answers to water and environmental conservation concerns.

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Water, conservation, technology, Rainwater-harvest, drip-irrigation

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This study aims to examine the influence of financial literacy on investment decisions of Gen Z investors and the mediating role of narrative bias in these decisions. Gen Z investors are increasingly becoming engaged in financial markets, but their decisions often do not correlate with their financial literacy, which raises questions about the behavioural determinants driving their decisions. The data were collected from 267 Gen-Z investors using a structured questionnaire. The study analysed the data using the process macro of IBM SPSS to explore the mediating role of narrative bias. The questionnaire was reviewed and tested to make sure it was accurate and reliable before analysing the relationship between the variables. The study finds that narrative bias mediates the relationship between investment decisions and financial literacy among Gen Z. Therefore, it is essential that investors not only focus on financial literacy but also protect themselves against the effects of narrative bias. The results help financial advisors and wealth managers to use strong narratives to protect the clients from falling into the trap of market myths. This result provides policymakers with guidelines to closely monitor the narrative bias created by financial influencers and the media, thereby enhancing investors' protection and confidence.

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 Keywords

Financial behaviour, financial literacy, Gen Z, investment decisions, investors, narrative bias.

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 Abstract

Natural disasters like floods, earthquakes, cyclones, landslides, and wildfires can cause serious damage to people and property, and during such times, getting the right information quickly is very important. However, information is often scattered across news, social media, government websites, sensors, and satellite reports, which can delay rescue and emergency actions. To solve this issue, this research proposes a Real-Time Disaster Information Aggregation Software that collects data from different sources and brings it together in one system. The software filters and organizes the information, identifies the type of disaster, and highlights the most important alerts using data analysis and machine learning techniques. It also provides real-time notifications, risk analysis, and an interactive map so that communities, emergency teams, and authorities can understand the situation clearly and take faster, better decisions during emergencies.

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 Keywords

Disaster Management, Real-Time Monitoring, Emergency Response.

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Inclusion means the policy or practices of ensuring that all individuals in our society has access to resource and opportunities. Inclusion is necessity for all educational sectors. From the past years to present situations many committees, commission, policies have recommended inclusive education for all children. In the educational context, Inclusive education system means where the educational policy of placing children with special needs, physical or mental disabilities in mainstreaming classroom and providing them with their suitable atmosphere. On 29th July, 2020 Union Cabinet of India was approved the National Education Policy 2020 (NEP 2020) for outlines the vision of new education system of our country. The policy is a comprehensive framework for primary level to higher educational level as well as vocational training cum education in both rural and urban India. Major aim of the policy is to transform India's education system by 2040. NEP 2020 shows that inclusion as a part of the various reforms of the ongoing education system, which aims to create learning environments that are sensible for all learner needs, conductive to successful educational outcomes and ultimately to a more equitable society. In this paper tries to focus the implementation strategies for inclusive education in the light of recommendations given by NEP 2020.

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Inclusion, Disabilities, Mainstreaming, Vocational Training, Equitable Society

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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In the twenty-first century, disability studies in India have become an expanding genre. Additionally, this is the era in which Indians with disabilities are coming up with their life-narratives. However, the twentieth century did not witness such kind of spread. Yet this was the time when HPS Ahluwalia, a person with spinal injury, was coming up with his life narrative. Thus, the second half of the twentieth century is the time in India when persons with disabilities have just started controlling their images by appearing with their narratives. The disability of the author was produced by the Indo-Pak War of 1965, resulting in his spinal injury. The author's experience of "severe handicap" has called for a "story" as G. Thomas Couser points out that the "normal body" can pass without any explanation, but the deviant body calls for a narrative. Being a person who has served in the Indian army, successfully climbed up Mt. Everest, and always remained an epitome of the ultimately successful, masculine, desirable male figure by society, it becomes a challenge for him to accept the fact that he would never be a "whole man" again. John M. Kinder suggests that in many circumstances disabled veterans are expected to be hopeful about their recovery and steadfast in their belief. It was the author's life before impairment when he explored so much physically and had been trained in a particular way that kept on igniting a deep passion even after his impairment. This paper intends to explore Ahluwalia's text Higher Than Everest: Memoirs of a Mountaineer (1973) in the light of Marilynn J. Phillip's idea of four stages of development in the transformational process of disability experience that are: i) marginalization ii) retreat iii) renegotiation iv) emergence. It will make an effort to investigate whether and how these four stages are being organized and presented in the narrative of a disabled veteran in late twentieth-century India.

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disability studies, life-narratives, impairment, masculine, disabled veterans, marginalization

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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India United Kingdom relations have undergone substantive tramsformation in 21st century, shifting from historically burdened post colonial association to a multidimensional partnership grounded in shared democratic values ,converging strategic interests and evolving economic interdependence.This paper takes on a thematic structure to analsyse India UK ties across political ,diplomatic ,economic ,defence, security,climate, knowledge diplomacy ,people to people dimensions.The relevance of bilateral relations for both nations amid changing global order marked by multipolarity and on going reconfiguration of global governance.It argues that while both states have articulated ambitious framework such as the Roadmap 2030 and India UK Vision 2035,progress remains uneven, strained by negotiation frictions, domestic politics and divergent geopolitical imperatives .Nonetheless , the partnership possess significant structural -especially in trade, research & education, technology and climate action that can support their emergence as mutually reinforcing powers.

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India-UK relations , strategic partnership , economic cooperation,defence and security , people to people ties ,global governance.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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ABSTRACT: Corruption is no longer limited to politics or the administrative sphere; rather, digital deception has gradually become a silent disease of the digital society. In today's technology-dependent society, corruption has also become digitalized due to the rapid development of information technology and the continuous spread of the internet. Social media has gained immense popularity among people in the past few decades. Just as social media has brought the distant world closer to us and has expanded communication, the authenticity or transparency of this communication is constantly facing challenges. People sometimes share various personal information related to their daily lives on social media. Some unscrupulous people use that information for their own benefit and try to trap innocent people for exploitation. Despite the various positive aspects of social media, it has emerged as a culture of digital corruption today. Nowadays, rather than the traditional forms of corruption, fake profiles, page reviews, fake followers, views, or likes on social media are used to distort the authenticity and transparency of information and present it to the people through all these processes. As a result, the question arises as to how the standards of authenticity, morality, and trust can be reconstructed in this era of digitalization. The overall objectives of this research are: (1) To analyze the different forms and nature of corruption on social media platforms and to explore how it is conducted. (2) To identify how personal and social credibility is damaged as a result of these corruptions. (3) To understand the socio-economic and moral impact of this corruption. (4) To provide recommendations for establishing digital ethics and transparency. The study adopts an analytical research methodology and is primarily based on secondary sources such as official documents, scholarly articles, and policy papers. The findings will contribute to a deeper understanding of these questions so that ethical transparency and social accountability can be ensured in digital policymaking in the future.

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Key words: Corruption, Digital Deception, Social Media, Ethical transparency, Policy-making.

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This study focuses on the work-life combination of conservancy workers in Coimbatore corporation. Conservancy workers contribute markedly to the public health and urban cleanliness, even though they face lots of challenges such as long working hours, low wages, occupational health risks, and limited social recognition. The primary objective of the study is to analyses the factors affecting their work-life balance and job satisfaction. Primary data were collected using a structured questionnaire under the scheduling method and cluster sampling method is used in this study. Data were collected from the 103 respondents in Coimbatore. Statistical tools such as percentage analysis, rank analysis, Chi-square test, and one way ANOVA were applied for data analysis. The findings indicates that variables like age, income, and employment status significantly influencing their work-life balance. Even though certain welfare measures are implemented by the Coimbatore City Municipal Corporation, gaps remain in effective implementation. The study suggests improvements in wages, health benefits, job security, and working conditions to enhance their overall well-being.

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Conservancy workers, Coimbatore corporation, Work life balance, working conditions, welfare measures.

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Background of the study: Even though social media is an integral part of college students' lives, there are still no exclusive studies made to examine the intensity of social media use in college students' daily lives. Hence, the current study focused on measuring college students' social media use in their daily lives. Objectives of the study: The present study aims to measure the intensity of social media use among the college students; the study also pinpoints the determinants of the intensity of social media use. Methods: The study is cross-sectional in nature along with the descriptive research design. To analyse the quantitative data, SPSS software was used. To measure the intensity of social media use, a social media use scale was adopted, along with a socio-economic demographic profile. Findings and conclusion: in the study, the researcher found that more than half of the respondents have a moderate level of social media use. The study concluded that age, gender, family type, residence, and duration of social media use were significantly associated with social media intensity. The study concludes that the socio-economic demographic variables influence the intensity of social media use.

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Social media intensity, socio-economic, college students and determinants

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 Abstract

Light Intensity Measurement and Energy Harvesting System is developed to monitor environmental light conditions in real time while simultaneously harvesting solar energy for sustainable power generation. The system integrates a light intensity sensor with a Wi-Fi enabled microcontroller to measure and process ambient light levels in lux units. A solar panel is incorporated to capture renewable energy, which is regulated using a charge controller and stored in a rechargeable battery. The harvested energy can power low-power IoT devices, making the system self-sustaining and energy-efficient. The measured light intensity data is transmitted to the ThingSpeak cloud platform through Wi-Fi connectivity for real-time monitoring, graphical visualization, and analysis. ThingSpeak enables users to remotely access sensor data, observe variations in light intensity, and evaluate solar energy generation efficiency via web dashboards. The integration of IoT technology with renewable energy harvesting enhances system scalability, reliability, and intelligent decision-making capabilities. This work provides a cost-effective and eco-friendly solution suitable for smart agriculture, smart street lighting, solar tracking systems, environmental monitoring, and smart city applications. By combining real-time sensing, cloud-based analytics, and sustainable energy utilization, the proposed system contributes to modern green energy management and IoT-enabled automation technologies.

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Energy Harvesting, IoT and ThingSpeak Integration, Light Intensity Measurement, and System Advantages

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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This paper makes an attempt to explore the echoes of the vision of Hindu philosophy in the select poems and dramas of T. S. Eliot as 'The wasteland', 'Four Quartets', 'The Family Reunion' and 'The Cocktail Party'. These texts of Eliot influenced by the vision of the Upanishad, the Bhagavad Gita and the Vedic philosophy. He unites European tradition and philosophy with Indian philosophical thinking in his works. Although he was a puritan but he got his philosophical maturity in Sanatan philosophy.

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Upanishad, karma, wheel, the still point, liberation, karma

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The rapid digital transformation in educational institutions has increased the need for efficient and reliable data management systems. Traditional manual record-keeping methods are time-consuming, error-prone, and difficult to maintain. This paper presents the design and implementation of a Student Management System developed using Python with Tkinter GUI as a desktop application. The system integrates MySQL for secure login authentication and Microsoft Excel sheets for structured storage of student, teacher, and fee records. The application provides modules including student management, teacher management, account handling, and report generation. The system enables operations such as add, update, delete, search, attendance marking, and report printing. Experimental testing with sample datasets demonstrates improved data retrieval speed, reduced human error, and simplified record management compared to manual systems. The proposed solution is cost-effective, user-friendly, and suitable for small to medium educational institutions.

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Student Management System, Python, Tkinter GUI, MySQL, Excel Database, Desktop Application, Education Management.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

International work is widely viewed as a pathway to professional growth, global exposure, and career advancement. Indian professionals have become a significant part of the global workforce. However, existing research suggests that many Indian professionals working abroad often fall short of these expectations. This paper examines why global work frequently feels less rewarding than anticipated for Indian professionals, despite strong technical competence and motivation. The paper argues that unmet expectations are largely produced by organisational and structural factors rather than individual limitations. By adopting a human-centered and experience-oriented perspective, the study highlights how standardised global mobility practices and uneven social inclusion shape global work experiences. The paper concludes by emphasising the need for more inclusive and context-sensitive organisational approaches to international work to improve both employee well-being and organizational effectiveness.

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Indian Professionals, International Work Assignments, Cultural Intelligence, Organizational Support, Workplace Inclusion.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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The Indian subcontinent is home to an impressive array of architectural achievements and creative expressions that span several millennia. This study article embarks on an exploratory voyage to trace the evolution of Indian art and architecture, from the urban sophistication of the IndusValley Civilization to the contemporary manifestations of modern India. The study examines the ways in which architectural and artistic forms have been shaped by the interaction of social, political, religious,and cultural influences. The art of terracotta figures, the evolution of urban planning, and the first attempts at monumental construction in antiquity provided a solid foundation for subsequent artistic endeavors. Religious doctrines, especially Buddhism, Jainism, and Hinduism,were introduced throughout history, leading to the creation of rock-cut caves, stupas, and intricately carved temples during the Mauryan, Gupta, and post-Gupta periods. During the medieval era, indigenous traditions and foreign influences converged, especially during the Islamic and Mughal periods, which introduced novel decorating techniques, aesthetic components, and spatial organization concepts. The colonial era, when Western architectural styles blended with indigenous Indian themes, caused a reexamination of cultural identity amid fast modernization, further confusing this historical tapestry.In the post-independence era, modernism and globalization have given rise to artistic forms that respect the past while embracing new materials, technologies, and design philosophies. By fusing historical records, archeological findings, and creative insights, this essay demonstrates how Indian art and architecture serve as a dynamic tapestry that depicts not only the legacy of earlier times but also the evolving narrative of contemporary civilization. The study concludes by highlighting how India's national identity and international legacy are fundamentally shaped by the continuous dialogue between tradition and innovation in its built and artistic environment.

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Indian Art History

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Abstract This Paper present the Environment and health impacts of energy are discussed according to the scale at which they occur. About half of the world households use solid fuels (biomass and coal) for cooking and heating in simple devices that produce large amount of air pollution. Pollution that is probably responsible for 4-5 percent of the global burden of disease. The chief ecosystem impacts relate to charcoal production and fuelwood harvesting. At the workplace scale solid fuel fuel cycles create significant risks for workers and have the largest impacts on populations among energy systems. In communities fuel use is the main cause of urban air pollution through there is substantial variation among cities in the relative contributions of vehicles and stationary sources. Diesel fuelled vehicles, which are more prominent in developing countries, pose a growing challenge for urban health. The chief ecosystem impacts result from large scale hydropower projects in forests although surface mining causes significant damage in some areas. At the regional scale fine particles and ozone are the most widespread health damaging pollutants from energy use, and can extend hundreds of kilometres from their sources. Such deposition is associated with damage to forests, soils, and lakes in various parts of the world. At the global scale, energy system accounts for two-thirds of human-generated greenhouse gas increases. Thus energy use is the human activity most closely linked to potential climate change. Climate change is feared to have significant direct impacts on human health and on ecosystem.

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Pollution, Health, Ozone, Climate change, Diseases, Environment.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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This paper explores the intricate relationship between classical Indian ethical frameworks and prominent Western ethical theories, aiming to identify areas of convergence, divergence, and potential for mutual enrichment. Specifically, it examines how foundational Indian philosophical concepts such as dharma, karma, and moksha (Bharadwaj et al., 2024) resonate with or diverge from Western notions of deontology, utilitarianism, and virtue ethics (Bilimoria, 2021). This paper investigates the complex interplay between Indian and Western ethical paradigms, underscoring their points of convergence and divergence, while underscoring the distinctive contributions of Indian philosophy to moral philosophy at large. Western ethics typically prioritizes rationality, empiricism, and existentialism, whereas Indian philosophy, drawing from foundational scriptures like the Vedas and Upanishads, centers on notions such as dharma, karma, and moksha (Bharadwaj et al., 2024). The analysis elucidates how Indian ethical systems, especially those delineated in the Dharma??stras, provide sophisticated insights into duty and virtue that enhance comparative philosophical inquiry (Mondal, 2024; Raimondi & Jain, 2024). Ethical reflection has profoundly influenced human behavior and societal cohesion throughout history. Distinct ethical systems emerged in Indian and Western contexts, shaped by their respective philosophical foundations and cultural milieus. Indian ethics arose within a spiritual-metaphysical framework, intertwining dharma, karma, ahi?s?, and moksha, wherein moral existence is inextricably linked to self-realization and personal metamorphosis. Western traditions, by contrast, evolved via rational deliberation, yielding virtue ethics, deontology, and utilitarianism--each furnishing methodical strategies for moral deliberation and social equity. This study conducts a comparative evaluation of these paradigms, delineating their affinities, disparities, and pertinence to modern issues. It contends that Indian ethics imparts contextual nuance, empathy, and ecological consciousness (Bharadwaj et al., 2024), while Western ethics affords analytical precision, universality, and institutional efficacy. A synergistic exchange between these traditions holds potential for crafting an equilibrated ethical model suited to contemporary dilemmas, including technological ethics, environmental stewardship, and global disparities.

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Indian ethics, dharma, karma, virtue ethics, deontology, utilitarianism

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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The present study evaluated the effectiveness of a structured 7-day Personality Development Training Programme conducted from 09/02/2026 to 16/02/2026 in improving participants' knowledge. A pre-experimental one-group pre-test post-test research design was adopted. The study included 200 participants selected for assessment. The objectives were to determine baseline knowledge levels, evaluate the effectiveness of the training programme, and examine the association between post-test knowledge scores and selected demographic variables. Data were collected using a structured knowledge questionnaire with a maximum score of 35. The tool was administered before and after the intervention. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were applied, including frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, paired t-test, chi-square test, and effect size. Pre-test findings revealed inadequate baseline knowledge, with 69.5% of participants categorized under "Poor" and 30.5% under "Satisfactory," while none achieved "Average" or "Excellent" levels. Following the intervention, substantial improvement was observed: 79.0% achieved "Excellent" and 21.0% attained "Average" knowledge levels, with no participants remaining in lower categories. The mean pre-test score was 15.18 (SD = 2.38), which increased significantly to 28.59 (SD = 3.27) in the post-test. The mean difference of 13.41 was statistically significant (t = 47.95, df = 199, p < 0.001), with a 95% confidence interval of 12.86-13.96. The effect size (Cohen's d = 3.39) indicated an extremely large practical impact. Significant associations were found between post-test knowledge and age, area of living, educational qualification, family income, previous knowledge source, and workshop mode, while no association was observed with gender, religion, role, or dietary pattern. The findings confirm that the training programme was highly effective in enhancing knowledge, supporting the acceptance of H1 and partial acceptance of H2.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Personality Development ,Training Programme ,Knowledge Assessment, Self Evaluation, Types Of Personality, Impact of Personality

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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The objective of this paper is to examine how Artificial Intelligence (AI)-driven demand forecasting and inventory management influence operational job roles, decision-making, and collaboration in Business-to-Consumer (B2C) industries. B2C operations customarily focused on consumer intimacy and efficient supply chain execution; today B2C operations require AI-based demand forecasting and inventory optimization to respond to the market in real-time. Using comparative qualitative research on secondary material and case studies across companies in pharmaceuticals, e-commerce, FMCG and retail, the paper examines such operational changes. Literature shows that AI can improve forecast accuracy, minimize stockouts and shift operational tasks from manual forecasting to interpretation of algorithmic output. Case studies of Novartis, Amazon, Unilever and Walmart demonstrate the effectiveness of AI in optimizing demand forecasting and inventory management despite difficulties such as data integration, compatibility with legacy systems and suspicion by managerial teams. The overall trend highlights a shift towards automated, AI-based forecasting with human control, showing that successful AI integration requires attention to technical, cultural and organizational issues to achieve sustainable value in a changing B2C environment.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Artificial Intelligence, Inventory management, Demand Forecasting, B2C Operations, Supply Chain Management

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition