Volume 12 | Issue 2

 Abstract

Flood is one of the most devastating natural hazards affecting life and damaging properties, so we came up with an idea "Design Thinking based Enhanced Technology for flood threat protection using AI" in which we implement in 2 methods. One is by reducing the flood threat damage by constructing moveable walls in the downstream which at-least reduce the destruction damage by 20% by increasing the height of the with the aspects of flood and another method is to prevent life's from flood when it occurred, we deploy a bot which analyse the humans who struck in the flood and save them. Which will we in standby mode when in has flood threat alert so when flood occurs as much as possible the deployed bot can save lives from flood. This is an energy efficient and low power consumption bot which might be efficient in all aspects. The bot we deploy which detects the people using AI and through AI it predicts the high-risk zone where people have the probability of being struck.

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 Keywords

Flood, Design Thinking, AI, Bot, Low power consumption.

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Abstract: The provision of adequate drinking water has been the primary policy goal for many governments worldwide and has been one of the main policy agendas for a few decades (Adams,2018). However, the world's situation in providing safe and adequate water is sub-optimal, as recorded by numerous agencies. Nearly 771 million people do not have clean drinking water access and nearly a quarter do not have access to sufficient drinking water (WHO/UNICEF JMP, 2021). (Dharmapuri et.al-2022). The Government is committed to providing safe and adequate drinking water to all habitations by 2022. The National Rural Drinking Water Programme (NRDWP) has already provided 81.07 per cent rural habitations with access to 40 litres of drinking water per capita per day (LPCD) and another 15.58 per cent with partial access. The target is to provide piped water connection by 2024 under the recently launched Jal Jeevan Mission. The main objectives of this paper are to study the overall trends and patterns of drinking water facilities and analyse the household's accessibility and source of drinking water facilities among the social groups in rural Karnataka. To analyse the district-wise drinking water disparities in rural Karnataka. The study area covers the Karnataka region. This study primarily uses secondary data obtained from various sources, including Census 2001 and 2011 data, NFHS-4 and NFHS-5 data, and Karnataka Economic Survey reports. Statistical tools such as percentages, coefficients of variation (CV), and growth rates, as well as bar diagrams and charts, are utilised where necessary in the analysis.

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Key Words: Water Accessibility, Rural Households, Karnataka and Regional Disparity.

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The school environment plays a crucial role in shaping students overall well-being, encompassing various aspects such as their emotional, social, and mental health. One key determinant of student's well-being is the school climate, which refers to the quality and character of the school environment. The present study explores how the school climate affects the well-being of students while accounting for a few key well-being criteria, such as academic success, student involvement, social relationships, and mental health. The random sampling technique was used in the study to select a sample of 35 students in standard IX. Self-developed questionnaire was applied for collecting the relevant data The findings of study revealed that the schools were successful in creating a safe, valuable, meaningful, and comfortable environment for its students. Some students felt that there were limited opportunities for involvement in the decision-making process and expressed a desire for more opportunities to participate and have a voice in shaping their educational experience. It was also seen that schools did not neglect or overlook mental health issues, and they gave consideration for improvement in promoting a healthy work-life balance. There were concerns about the lack of respect and inclusivity among students, suggesting the need to address negative peer influences and foster a more inclusive and respectful social environment. The study concluded that a positive school climate is necessary for the well-being of the student community.

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 Keywords

School climate, Well-being

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In agricultural landscapes, the rhizosphere serves as a dynamic niche where plant-microbe interactions profoundly influence soil health and plant growth. Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) is pivotal contributor to soil fertility, nutrient cycling, and plant health. In the context of Bihar, India, rice cultivation holds paramount importance for food security and economic stability but faces challenges related to soil degradation and nutrient deficiency. Harnessing the potential of indigenous PGPR strains presents a promising strategy to enhance rice productivity sustainably. This research endeavors to explore the microbial diversity in the rhizospheric soil of rice fields in Bihar, focusing on isolating and characterizing potential PGPR strains. Through molecular and microbiological techniques, indigenous PGPR candidates are identified for their plant growth-promoting attributes, including nitrogen fixation, phosphate solubilization, and biocontrol capabilities. Biochemical and molecular analyses reveal diverse metabolic capacities and genetic relatedness of the isolates, with Azotobactor spp. exhibiting a notable 98.61% similarity to Bacillus tropicus. These findings underscore the potential of microbial biotechnology to enhance agricultural sustainability, foster food security, and mitigate environmental impacts, heralding innovative strategies for rice cultivation in Bihar and beyond.

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PGPR, rhizospheric soil, rice fields, isolation, characterization, functional assays, plant growth promotion

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In silico drug design has emerged as a powerful tool in pharmaceutical research, offering a cost-effective and time-efficient approach to drug discovery and development. This review article provides an overview of the principles, methodologies, and applications of in silico drug design. We discuss the computational techniques involved, include molecular modeling, virtual screening, and molecular dynamics simulations, highlighting their roles in predicting the interactions between drugs and target molecules. Also, we examine the challenges and future perspectives of in silico drug design, emphasizing its potential to accelerate the discovery of novel therapeutics and optimize existing drug candidates.

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In silico drug design, Computer-aided drug design, Quantitative structure-activity relationship

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Leadership styles play a significant role in the context of educational organizations, particularly in schools. They encompass the attitudes and behaviours that leaders adopt to influence and guide individuals or groups toward the achievement of personal or collective goals. This study aims to identify the most commonly used leadership styles by principals in schools and assess their impact on teachers' job performance. The research methodology employed a survey-based approach within the framework of descriptive research. Principal leadership style entails providing direction, implementing strategies, and motivating followers to attain desired objectives. Data were collected using structured questionnaires. The results of the research reveal three prominent leadership styles among principals: Transformational, Transactional, Autocratic, Democratic, and Laissez-faire. To enhance school management, it is recommended that principals flexibly apply a combination of these leadership styles based on the situation. Leadership styles are reflections of attitudes and behaviours, which, in turn, result from complex interactions between individuals' thoughts and emotions. Researchers have explored various leadership approaches rooted in diverse assumptions and theories. Over time, they have developed numerous models, theories, and frameworks concerning leadership styles. This research primarily aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of leadership in educational settings, including establishing authority, fostering a sense of responsibility, restructuring, and addressing teachers' concerns in the existing context. Among the various leadership styles, Autocratic and Democratic leadership have gained prominence and extensive research attention. Both styles have been studied across various socioeconomic and academic sectors, each offering distinct advantages. This study seeks to analyse the Principal's Leadership Style and its Impact on Teachers' Behaviour, shedding light on the complex interplay between leadership styles and the behaviour of educators.

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Leadership, Transformational, Transactional, Autocratic, Democratic, Laissez Faire, Principal, Teacher, Job Satisfaction

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Childbirth is considered as an important event in every human society since ancient times. In the absence of modern medical sciences and technology, the ancestors of different communities all over the world had devised their own methods around childbirth and health which has allowed them to maintain a healthy population and also continue their lineage. These traditional knowledge and practices are therefore, a vital part of their heritage and culture. The Bodos, an indigenous community of Northeast India have a vast resource of such knowledge which has been carefully preserved through generations. Although the development of modern medical sciences has minimized the dependence to such practices, many of the superstitious beliefs and customs are still popularly followed within the Bodo community. This paper therefore, is an attempt to highlight the indigenous knowledge of the Bodos on childbirth and maternal health.

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Indigenous Knowledge, Childbirth, communities, Bodo, maternal health.

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kannada sahityadalli stripara kalaji iruva mahila lekhakhiyaralli mallika ganti avaru obbru avara kavvyegalalli khandu baruv mahila samasyagala kuritu chintane e lekhanada mukhya uddeshavagide

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stri samasyagala kuritu chintane

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According to the World Health Organization, approximately 37 million people are blind, highlighting a significant challenge. This project aims to assist individuals facing visual difficulties by detecting objects within a certain range using an Arduino UNO, a buzzer, and an ultrasonic sensor. When an object is detected, the system emits a buzzer sound, alerting the user to the obstacle ahead. This initiative endeavors to enhance the quality of life for the visually impaired by providing an effective means of obstacle detection.

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Arduino UNO, Buzzer, Ultrasonic Sensor, Object Detection, Visual Impairment, Assistive Technology.

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The Indo-Pacific region is one of the foremost crowded and financially dynamic regions of the world which incorporates four continents: Asia, Africa, Australia and USA. 65% of the world's population and 2/3rd of the global financial output makes this region a global financial centre. Approximately, 70% of the entire oil and gas reserve of the world are situated in this region. India's special partners, like the USA, Australia, Japan and Indonesia want India's presence in the South China Sea, and East China Sea, basically to counter China. India is looking to democratise the region. In 21st century the rise of People Republic of China as a global financial and military power is a central factor in the Indo-Pacific's importance. India is becoming more militarily and financially aligned with the United States and Europe as a result of China's persistent aggression and ambitions in the Indo-Pacific region.

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Indo-Pacific, region, Asia, Africa, Australia, USA, population, financial output, oil, gas reserve, India, Japan, Indonesia, South China Sea, East China Sea, China, military power, aggression, Europe.

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The size of India's e-commerce market is expected to grow from $83 billion in 2022 to $150 billion by 2026, which is almost three times growth of the overall retail market. Now a days online shopping has become new normal in India after Covid-19 pandemic. Despite of many advantages online shopping involved many threats to consumers. Cyber-crime issues have been increasing day by day with the rapid growth of e-commerce in India. Hence to safeguard consumers' interests and rights Indian Ministry of Consumer Affairs, Food and Public Distribution has framed "The Consumer Protection (E-Commerce) Rule 2020 under the Consumer Protection Act 2019. In this article attempt has been made to take overview of provisions made for consumer protection in "The Consumer Protection (E-Commerce) Rule 2020" and consumer awareness about the provisions

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E-Commerce, Consumer Protection, Consumer Awareness, Cyber Crimes

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In narrow sense women entrepreneurs are important for the Indian economy but in wider sense women entrepreneurs are important for the whole world economy. In India more than 50% of people are women so automatically their presence is important for the Indian economy. In recent years women are increasing their participation in business and achieved some remarkable achievements. In India women entrepreneurs are facing some professional and personal problems in their life. Those problems are somewhere and somehow restrict their business activity and especially marketing activity. Their problems restrict women to utilise their abilities. This study aims to find out which type of problems are facing women and how those problems are restricting their marketing. This paper focus on giving to appropriate marketing strategy to women entrepreneurs which can coordinate with their problems and limitation and give them a chance for women entrepreneurs to expand their marketing activity and business.

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Women Entrepreneurs , Digital marketing , MSME , Marketing Strategic .

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The main aim of this conceptual paper is to discuss the social impact of outsourcing in India. Outsourcing industry in India plays a critical role in our Indian economy, through providing employment opportunities to a large number of people and development of infrastructure. At the same time it also has lot of adverse effect on our culture, traditions, lifestyle, and social security of the people in the society. The negative impact of outsourcing on our society is discussed in this paper, in order to explore the possible solutions to reverse or minimize these negative effects. Regain our society with its value systems, culture, tradition and social security of work force in future is the responsibility of the policy makers, top level executives of the companies, and each and every individual of the society.

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Outsourcing, Social impact, Social security, IT Outsourcing

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The Nanotechnology is the manipulation of materials on a molecular or atomic scale, and it has the potential to revolutionize the pharmaceutical industry. By using nanotechnology, drug molecules can be made more stable, targeted to specific cells, and delivered in a controlled manner. This can lead to more effective treatments with fewer side effects. Examples of nanotechnology in modern pharmaceuticals include nanoparticle drug delivery systems, which can target cancer cells more effectively, and liposomal drugs, which can help drugs reach the desired location in the body. Additionally, following current advancements in the field includes the use of peptide-based nanoparticles for targeted drug delivery, and the use of gold nanoparticles for diagnostic imaging

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Nanotech, Nanoparticle, Drug delivery, Diagnostics, cancer cells.

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Renewable energy (RE) sources, particularly wind and solar are gaining more popularity due to their inherent benefits. Consequently, nations have set ambitious goals to enhance the penetration of RE into their energy-requirements. However, the Renewable Energy sources especially wind and photovoltaic sources are intermittent, uncertain, and unpredictable. Therefore, there is a need to optimize their usage when they are available. Moreover, energy storage system like battery energy storage has much potential to support the RE integration with the power grid. This study, therefore, investigates the sizes of battery energy storage required to support a grid- connected micro-grid and a stand-alone micro-grid for 12 months considering hourly wind power potential. In this study, we have considered three Scenarios of operations and have determined the BESS sizes and recommend the best based on the cost of operation. Scenarios 1 and 2 are grid-connected configuration while Scenario 3 is a standalone micro-grid supported with diesel generators. In each Scenario, the optimization problem is formulated based on the optimal operation cost of the micro-grids. The study evaluates and analyses the operational environmental effects and costs between the three Scenarios. The formulated problems are solved using the nonlinear optimization method.

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Renewable Energy, BESS,Optimisation techniques, Fuzzy logic, ANN

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The current investigation aimed to access the ichthyofaunal diversity of Nona (Mutunga) river flowing through Baksa & Nalbari district of Assam, India. Survey was conducted from Nov 2022 to Oct.2023. Fish specimens were collected from four pre-selected sites,using standard methods and subsequently preserved and identified .A total of 41 fish species belonging to 7 orders, 18 families and 30 genera were recorded. Cypriniformes was the dominant order with 15 species followed by Perciformes with 12 species. Three vulnerable, two near threatened and 36 species under the least concern category were identified based on IUCN status. Anthropogenic threats such as setting up brick industries, garbage dispersal, flow of agricultural pesticide to the river and river digging, etc. may affect the fish population in this river.Awareness among inhabitants of surrounding villages is needed to address these threats.

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Ichthyofaunal diversity, Nona River,Baksa, Nalbari, Anthropogenic threats

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The role of women in the technological world has evolved significantly over the years. This paper provides a deeper insight into the multifaceted role of women in the technological world from leadership and entrepreneurship to education and innovation and highlights their pivotal contributions from early computing pioneers to contemporary tech leaders. Educational initiatives and mentorship programs have been key to empowering women in STEM fields, leading to more diverse tech teams. Women led tech startup and corporate diversity efforts underscore the changing dynamics in the sector. Challenges persist, such as gender bias and discrimination but women continue to break barriers and shape the future of technology. This paper emphasizes the importance of gender equality in the technology and offers recommendations for more inclusive and innovative future.

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Women Empowerment, Technological Advances & Social Media, Gender Equality, Rights

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The study aimed to explore the impact of yogic practices with props on specific psychological variables among Paralympic sitting volleyball players. A total of 30 male participants, aged 20 to 40, were randomly assigned to two groups: experimental group I, which underwent yogic practices with props, and experimental group II, designated as the control group. The investigation utilized standardized tests, including Anxiety control, Goal setting, and Mental Rehearsal. Anxiety control was evaluated using a standardized questionnaire (Questioner Test Item A) from the Psychological Skills Inventory for Sport by Kerry-Ann Wheaton. Similarly, Goal setting and Mental Rehearsal were assessed using the same questionnaire (Questioner Test Item A) from the Psychological Skills Inventory for Sport by Kerry-Ann Wheaton, with the latter being scored. Statistical analysis through the Dependent 't' test revealed a significant improvement in Anxiety control, Goal setting, and Mental Rehearsal among Paralympic sitting volleyball players who underwent yogic practices with props. These findings suggest the positive impact of incorporating such practices in enhancing key psychological aspects relevant to the athletic performance of Paralympic sitting volleyball players.

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yogic practices with props (psychological, Anxiety control,Goal setting and Mental Rehearsal) Paralympic sitting volleyball players.

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 Abstract

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2845

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This paper critically evaluates multinational companies, exploring their advantages and disadvantages for host countries and examining the different types of structures and strategies they employ. The focus of this analysis is on the varying structures and strategies employed by multinational companies when operating internationally. Instead of a chronological approach, a thematic approach is utilized to allow for a detailed examination of specific topics or themes without strict adherence to the order in which research was conducted. The paper begins by defining a multinational company, discussing its strengths and weaknesses, analyzing the components of its strategies and structures, and comparing the pros and cons of these different approaches. The latter part of the paper delves into the connection between these strategies and international human resource management, emphasizing how different company strategies and structures impact international HRM. Ultimately, the paper concludes that the role of IHRM differs based on organizational structures, leading to varying implications for international HRM.

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International HRM, Models, Strategies, Global.

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