Volume 10 | Issue 12

 Abstract

The financial services sector has undergone significant transformation due to globalization, deregulation, and technological advancement. One of the most notable developments is the integration of banking and insurance services, commonly referred to as bancassurance. This integration enables banks and insurance companies to offer combined financial products and services through shared distribution channels. The present study examines the concept of banking-insurance integration and analyzes its impact on the financial performance of financial institutions. The study highlights how integration enhances revenue generation, reduces operational costs, improves customer retention, and strengthens overall financial stability.

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Banking, Insurance, Bancassurance, Financial Performance, Integration, Financial Services

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Nearly half of India's population depends on rivers for drinking water, irrigation, industry, and other essential services. However, river water quality has deteriorated over the last two decades due to rapid urban expansion, industrial effluents, and agricultural pollution. This study examines the temporal and spatial variations in river water quality using key parameters such as Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), pH, nitrate, and heavy metals. A single Water Quality Index (WQI) was computed using the weighted arithmetic method to represent the overall river health. The results reveal both pollution and spatial heterogeneity across river basins. The Ganga and Godavari rivers generally exhibit good water quality with WQI values ranging from 70 to 85, whereas the Yamuna near Delhi shows poor water quality with WQI values between 35 and 55. Marginal improvements were observed at select monitoring stations. Pre-monsoon and post-winter seasons recorded higher pollutant concentrations, attributed to reduced dilution and increased organic loading during low-flow conditions. The findings emphasize the need for basin-specific management strategies and continuous data-driven decision-making. Open-access monitoring datasets can enhance public engagement in environmental governance. Integrating open data with WQI computation offers an effective framework for evaluating and improving river health across India.

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Water Quality Index (WQI); Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD); Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD); Nitrates; Heavy Metals; Spatial and Temporal Trends; River Basin; Ganga River; Yamuna River; Godavari River; Open Monitoring Data.

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Indigenous Knowledge (IK) in South Asia represents a complex, dynamic system of ecological understanding, resource management strategies, cultural values, and social norms developed by Indigenous communities over centuries. This paper explores the relevance of IK to sustainability in the South Asian context, focusing specifically on the Adivasi communities of Central India. Through an interdisciplinary review of literature up to 2022, the paper examines how Adivasi IK contributes to biodiversity conservation, agroecology, forest stewardship, water management, and climate change adaptation. It also analyzes socio-cultural dimensions of sustainability, including community governance, health knowledge, and intergenerational transmission of values. While IK carries immense potential for addressing contemporary ecological crises, its integration into national sustainability strategies is hindered by challenges including land dispossession, cultural erosion, marginalization, and the dominance of technocratic development paradigms. This paper argues that recognizing, protecting, and integrating IK--through rights-based approaches and participatory governance--can significantly strengthen environmental sustainability in India and the broader South Asian region.

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Indigenous Knowledge, sustainability, Adivasi, Central India, traditional ecological knowledge, agroecology, climate adaptation

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Childhood anaemia, a widespread nutritional deficiency globally, profoundly affects lifelong health. Key consequences include weakened immunity, developmental problems, hindered learning capacity, and decreased workplace efficiency. However, early detection and preventative measures can foster a child's development into a healthy adult. The study aims to analyze key determinants of child anaemia through the exploration of NFHS-5 data, conducted by Govt. of India during 2019 to 2021. Two-level binary logistic regression analysis was performed, with children as first level and households as second level, to assess the significance of some socio-economic and demographic predictors, as well as the variation of the child level predictors across the households. The findings reveal that a significant proportion of children were anaemic, specifically 67% overall, with highest prevalence among those in the poorest demographic, lower age group and those with higher birth order. Though the cross-household variability was not significant, but the condition was predicted by a combination of factors, including household wealth, parents' educational background, and maternal anaemia.

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Risk factors, Child anaemia, India, NFHS, Multilevel analysis

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Over the last number of years tourism is considered as an economic activity. Our ancestors depended on sea routes for travelling which was too time consuming. But due to advancement in technology, world has shrunk into a global village. Tourism provides recreation, relaxation and pleasure in this busy world which provides happiness in life. Indian tourism earns foreign exchange as it attracts lot of foreign travellers. The Kerala government has allocated huge amount of capital for expansion which includes high quality facilities for the tourists. The kottur Elephant Sanctuary and Rehabilitation Centre located in Thiruvananthapuram is a heaven for elephants, established in 2006.It expanded into a fully-fledged elephant rehabilitation centre in 2019 and was intended to upgrade its facilities to international standards and it will become the largest rehabilitation centre in the world. This paper throws light on tourists satisfaction of kottur Elephant rehabilitation centre Thiruvananthapuram

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A study on the tourist satisfaction of Kottur Elephant Sanctuary and Rehabilitation centre Thiruvananthapuram

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Abstract Lantana camara, a widely distributed flowering plant, has garnered increasing interest in medical research due to its diverse phytochemical composition and broad spectrum of biological activities. This review explores the therapeutic potential of L. camara, highlighting its antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, antitumor, antifilarial, antioxidant, antifertility, antimutagenic, wound healing, and mosquito repellent properties. We also discuss its pharmacological mechanisms, safety considerations, and future prospects in drug development. Antifilarial activity has been demonstrated through in vitro inhibition of filarial parasites, while its antioxidant capacity is attributed to high levels of flavonoids and polyphenols. The plant's antifertility effects are evident in animal studies, showing disruption of reproductive function. Furthermore, antimutagenic potential has been observed via Ames test assays, suggesting chemopreventive applications. The wound healing capability is supported by studies reporting accelerated tissue regeneration and collagen deposition. Lastly, essential oils from L. camara have shown potent mosquito repellent action comparable to synthetic agents. These findings collectively underscore the pharmacological relevance of L. camara and support further exploration for potential therapeutic applications. The review draws attention to the different aspects of this plants traditional uses, analytical work, pharmacological activities, and toxicology and also the potential uses with future prospects.

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PHYTOCHEMICAL,TOXICOLOGY

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Jyotirindra Nandi stands out in Bengali literature for his distinctive introspective style in the post-World War II era. Eschewing ideological optimism and escapism, his fiction probes human consciousness with Freudian psychoanalytic depth. Against a backdrop of global conflict, partition, and social upheaval, Nandi focuses on middle-class lives exposed to existential decline. These concerns coalesce in Samudra (1961), a short story inspired by Nandi's voyage to Puri. In Samudra, the narrator is a conventional middle-class husband whose orderly marital life is upended by the sea's majesty. The ocean's vast beauty shatters his habitual worldview and reveals latent erotic and destructive impulses: confronting the water's power evokes Freudian tensions of love and aggression, symbolized by his predatory gaze at the sleeping wife Hena. Birenbabu's eccentric uncle, an obsessed sea-wanderer, introduces mythic resonance. Believing the ocean to be a living Rudra-like deity, he carries legendary ideas of sacrifice (as in the Ramayana's justice episode) and infects the narrator with a quasi-religious mania. By contrast, the narrator's wife Hena initially embodies pragmatic middle-class morality, dismissing the sea's roar as mere noise. As the narrative progresses, however, Hena paradoxically gains agency: she experiences a wild delight in the waves, which in turn provokes her husband's jealousy and a Freudian sense of rivalry. Nandi's prose employs rich metaphor and sensory imagery (for example, evoking "a huge blue cup" of sun above the sea) to heighten the story's symbolic texture. Ultimately, Samudra reads as an eco-critical parable: the sea's churning duality instills both fear and awe, illustrating that treating nature as inert can invite catastrophe. The narrative's arc--from a nocturnal ocean vision to a train journey home--marks the narrator's psychological transformation. At the end, the protagonist finds relief in earthy sounds (crickets and rustling palms), symbolizing middle-class resilience and a tempered reconciliation with the natural world.

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Nature, Emptiness, Thrill, Middle-class ,Subconscious, Infinite, Myth, Vastness, Psychology, Symbolism, Beauty, Transformation, Violent, Ecocriticism.

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This study explores the contribution of Sufistic literature in promoting communal harmony in Assam, with special reference to the works of eminent Sufi saints such as Ajan Fakir and Syed Moinuddin Baghdadi. Sufism, with its emphasis on love, tolerance, and spiritual unity, played a significant role in bridging religious and cultural divides in Assam's diverse society. The research adopts a qualitative approach, drawing from historical texts, literary analysis, and oral traditions to examine how Sufi literature particularly Ajan Fakir's Zikirs has conveyed universal messages of peace and brotherhood. Field visits and interactions with local communities further reveal the enduring influence of Sufi teachings in fostering interfaith respect and social cohesion. The study also highlights the syncretic relationship between Sufism and indigenous spiritual movements like Vaishnavism, underscoring the inclusive cultural identity of Assam. In an age of growing religious intolerance, the values embedded in Sufistic literature remain deeply relevant as models of peaceful coexistence and cultural integration.

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Sufism in Assam, Communal Harmony, Ajan Fakir, Sufistic Literature, Interfaith Relations

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Abstract The National Education Policy 2020 (NEP-2020) is a significant step towards restructuring the Indian education system with a focus on holistic, inclusive, and flexible learning. This paper examines the core provisions of NEP-2020 concerning higher education, evaluates its expected outcomes, and analyzes the status of its implementation in the context of Assam. Using a mixed-methods approach, the study highlights opportunities and challenges faced by higher education institutions in Assam during the adoption phase of NEP-2020. Recommendations are offered to ensure effective implementation and alignment with the policy's goals.

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Keywords: NEP-2020, Higher Education, Assam, Implementation, Education Reform, Policy Analysis

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While cognitive impairment is a recognized feature of schizophrenia, its presence in bipolar affective disorder is currently an area of investigation. The individual who are suffering from the bipolar affective disorder they exhibit a wide range of cognitive deficit including neuropsychological and cognitive deficit. The prime objective was to find out the cognitive dysfunction among tribal patients of depression. Total 100 patients of Depression were constituted the sample for the study, in which 50 were tribal and rest 50 were non tribal. Sample were collected from the Psychiatric Unit of Sadar Hospital (PMCH) Medininagar, Jharkhand through judgmental sampling. Tools used for the study were Socio demographic and clinical data sheet, Beck Depression Inventory (Hindi version), PGI Battery for Brain Dysfunction. On socio demographic variable religious affiliation emerge as the sole factor showing significant differences between the study groups. On clinical characteristics of the sample no factor reveals any notable discrepancies between the tribal and non-tribal group. Tribal and non-tribal depressive patients are significantly differed on the Brain dysfunction sub -scale such as memory scale (t =4.71 p> .01), verbal intelligence quotient (t = 5.15, p > .01), Bender Gestalt test (t = 3.8, p >.01) and dysfunction rating score (t =2.10, p > .01). It showed that tribal patient showed more dysfunction in the area of memory functioning, verbal intellectual functioning task, visuo- motor coordination task and total dysfunction.

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Depression, Tribal, Cognitive dysfunction

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The study explored the adoption and impact of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in the financial decision-making processes of Indian businesses, revealing several critical insights. Descriptive and inferential statistical analysis showed that AI adoption varies significantly by firm size and sector. Large organizations and technology-driven industries like IT, finance, and e-commerce reported higher AI integration--over 75% adoption--while smaller firms and traditional sectors like agriculture and manufacturing lagged behind with adoption rates under 35%. ANOVA tests confirmed significant differences in adoption levels across sectors (F = 18.7, p < 0.01), and regression analysis identified firm size, digital maturity, and industry type as strong predictors of AI usage. Paired t-tests showed a 28% average reduction in forecasting errors (p < 0.01), and decision-making time was reduced by 30% in AI-adopting firms, confirming that AI improves both accuracy and speed of financial decisions. In terms of perceptions, survey responses from 250 financial professionals indicated that 76% believe AI enhances decision quality, while 75% acknowledged improved operational efficiency. However, 62% expressed ethical concerns, particularly regarding algorithmic bias and data privacy, while 54% feared job displacement. Chi-square and ordinal logistic regression analyses supported these mixed perceptions, showing that while AI is valued for efficiency and accuracy, professionals remain cautious due to potential risks. Factor analysis identified key enablers of effective AI-based financial decision-making as data quality, user training, and system transparency. These findings underscore that while AI offers transformative benefits for financial operations, its successful adoption depends heavily on sectoral readiness, firm capacity, and ethical governance.

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AI Adoption, Financial Decision-Making, Technological Readiness, Ethical Concerns, Operational Efficiency.

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Number Theory, often termed the "Queen of Mathematics," is a profound field that explores the properties and relationships of integers, particularly prime numbers. This paper investigates the historical development, fundamental theorems, and modern applications of number theory, with a special focus on prime numbers and their role in cryptography, computational mathematics, and theoretical computer science. We examine key results such as the Prime Number Theorem, Euclid's proof of infinite primes, and the Riemann Hypothesis, while also discussing unsolved problems and interdisciplinary impacts. Number theory, the study of integers and their properties, stands as one of the oldest and most captivating branches of mathematics. At its heart lie prime numbers, the fundamental building blocks of all integers, whose distribution and characteristics have puzzled mathematicians for millennia. This paper offers a comprehensive investigation into the rich landscape of number theory, with a particular focus on the profound significance and ongoing mysteries surrounding prime numbers. We delve into the historical evolution of these fields, from ancient Greek inquiries to modern computational algorithms. Key concepts such as divisibility, congruences, arithmetic functions, and the various forms of prime numbers are explored through rigorous mathematical formulation. Furthermore, we examine the indispensable role of mathematical logic and set theory in establishing the foundational rigor and formalization necessary for advanced number-theoretic research. The paper highlights the diverse applications of prime numbers, particularly in cryptography and computer science, and discusses the persistent challenges and open problems that continue to drive contemporary research, such as the Riemann Hypothesis and the Twin Prime Conjecture. Our aim is to illustrate how the seemingly simple realm of integers harbors some of mathematics' most profound and impactful questions.

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Number Theory, Prime Numbers, Cryptography, Riemann Hypothesis, Diophantine Equations, Modular Arithmetic, Prime Numbers, Elementary Number Theory, Analytic Number Theory, Algebraic Number Theory, Congruences, Primality Testing, Factorization, Cryptography, Twin Prime Conjecture, Goldbach Conjecture, Logic, Set Theory.

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Since its early exploratory beginnings, geography--the study of the Earth and its inhabitants--has developed into a vibrant and diverse field that tackles today's sociopolitical, economic, environmental, and cultural issues. This article charts the development of modern geography, emphasizing significant turning points, personalities, and theoretical developments that have influenced the discipline. The field's emphasis on mapping, navigation, and empire-building was broadened during the Age of Exploration in the 15th and 16th centuries, while the early works of Greek scholars such as Ptolemy and Eratosthenes established the groundwork for cartography and spatial understanding. Physical and human geography were advanced by individuals such as Carl Ritter and Alexander von Humboldt, who helped to establish geography as a scientific and academic field in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Geographical analysis became more rigorous with the introduction of statistical analysis and modeling during the quantitative revolution of the mid-20th century. Subsequently, critical geography developed, analyzing problems of representation, power, and inequality by combining post-structuralism, feminist, and Marxist theories with conventional positivist methods. As an interdisciplinary field that connects the natural and social sciences, geography now tackles global concerns like urbanization, climate change, and sustainability. How geographers gather and examine spatial data has also changed as a result of developments in remote sensing and Geographic Information Systems (GIS). This article critically analyzes the evolution of modern geography, highlighting its intellectual growth and continued applicability in tackling today's pressing global issues. The study emphasizes how geography has developed into an essential discipline that keeps up with the demands of a world that is changing quickly.

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Geography, History of Geography, Spatial Data, Cartography, Human Geography, Physical Geography, GIS, Environmental Science, Quantitative Revolution, Critical Geography, Global Issues.

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Mössbauer spectroscopic study of the sedimentary samples collected from Sanu formation of northern Jaisalmer Basin, Western Rajasthan (India)

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Mössbauer spectroscopic study of the sedimentary samples collected from Sanu formation of northern Jaisalmer Basin, Western Rajasthan (India)

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Precent development in the modern civilization has led to the increased industrial production to meet the needs of the people. The manufacturing and production of every product result in some waste end known as industrial waste. Sawdust is the by-product of cutting and grinding of wood. It is produced in very large quantity which can be better utilized in well planned manner. It can be utilized as a partial replacement of fine aggregate in manufacturing of blocks. EPS beads (thermocol) is the synthetic aromatic hydrocarbon polymer. It is usually white in color and made of expended polystyrene beads. Its production is several million tons per year. Since its non-bio-degradable substance we cannot burn it or dump it. It will cause air pollution and soil pollution respectively. So, in this present study both sawdust and EPS beads are used in production of solid blocks which is cost effective, light weight as compared to regular solid blocks. The cost analysis is also done with normal cement concrete blocks, and it is found that sawdust & EPS beads based concrete blocks are 13.4% cheaper than normal concrete blocks.

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Saw dust. EPS beads thermocol, Cement, CA, FA, Chemical admixture, Water.

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Single tax system that is applied to a variety of indirect taxes is the goods and services tax. This is intended to lessen any indirect factors that have an impact on the nation's imports and exports. India, the world's seventh-largest economy and the one with the greatest rate of growth, is making good progress towards surpassing China. Trade activity, which an economy practices to be the best, is the primary factor that contributes to its strong economic state and performance. Policymakers anticipated that an investor-friendly government would increase foreign investment in India. One of the largest structural changes to India is the implementation of the Goods and Services Tax (GST), which will encourage international investors to make investments in the country. This essay seeks to determine the effects of GST on India's different industries while also levelling the playing field for overseas investors. This essay will assist in examining how the GST has affected India's import and export business. Secondary data that is pertinent to the current state of the economy will serve as the foundation for the report.

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GST, Impact, FDI, Export, taxation, internal sector

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The Constitution is the fundamental law of a Member State governing the organization and functioning of the relations between public authorities and citizens rights and fundamental freedoms, and ways to guarantee them. The Constitution is the supreme law in the state, it is at the top of the pyramid and it is the source of all legal documents and legal regulations. Supremacy of the Constitution is ensured through an effective mechanism resulted in a legal institution called constitutionality of laws controls, including all procedures through which achieve verification of low compliance with constitutional provisions.

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Constitution, the Supreme Law of the State. Administration Law, Constitutional Provisions.

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The study of core skills needed for IT professionals that emphasizes technical, managerial, and communication competencies can be described as basically an attempt to probe the perceptions held by senior Information Systems students in Mumbai, Maharashtra about various skill sets that are required in the modern IT industry through a survey conducted. The research methodology is designed as a Likert-scale survey capturing the views of students about key technical skills along with expectations toward job benefits and career progression. Application of statistical methods like univariate analysis and t-tests helps to interpret the outcomes, which shows a good level of agreement that continuous training, critical thinking, and technical tools efficiency are valued. Conclusion/Study Findings: The study resulted in findings of the emergent need for both technical skills and managerial as seen in the changing world of IT. The study hence points out the communication skills as a backbone of technical competence and would be an enormous essence of every professional IT employee in the future.

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Information Technology (IT) Skills, Technical Competencies, Managerial Skills, Communication Skills, Career Progression

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The objective of this paper is to use the solar power for density-based traffic control system with remote override facilities. Since solar energy is one of the major renewable sources and is non- polluted an attempt is made to utilize this energy in traffic control system. During normal time the signal timing changes automatically on sensing the traffic density at the junction by IR intermission method. For any emergency vehicle like ambulance, fire brigade etc requiring priority are built in with RFID control unit to abstract the set timing by providing immediate green signal in the desired direction by blocking the other road by red signal. Higher traffic density at one side of the junction claim longer green time as compared to specific allotted time. This traffic control system using a microcontroller of 8051 family duly interfaced with IR sensors changes the junction timing automatically to assist movement of vehicle well mannered to avoide needless waiting time at the junction. The density of vehicle is measured in three zones i.e. low traffic zone, medium traffic zone, high traffic zone based on which timing are given accordingly. The override feature in this unit is turn on by an on board RF transmitter operated from the emergency vehicle which in turn provides ahigh priority for all emergency vehicles..

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Horticulture

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Sericulture is a significant rural and cottage industry in India, offering substantial potential for income generation compared to agriculture. This study provides a comparative analysis, highlighting that sericulture yields higher earnings than other cash crops like cotton and Groundnut. While most agricultural crops are harvested once or twice a year, sericulture allows for 4-5 harvests annually. For example, the combined annual net income from cultivating cotton in monsoon, Groundnut in the autumn season, to Rs.90,900 and Rs.60,000 whereas sericulture generates Rs.9,24,000 per hec under irrigated conditions. Additionally, sericulture provides consistent employment, helping to curb rural-to-urban migration and reduce urban overcrowding and pollution. By creating jobs and improving rural livelihoods, sericulture plays a crucial role in rural development and enhancing the quality of life in villages.

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Sericulture, Agriculture, Economic Analysis, Cost and returns, Gross return, Net profit.

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