Volume 13 | Issue 12

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The impact of women's health on the community

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The impact of women's health on the community

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The number of Gig workers including both platform and non-platform workers in India has shown a remarkable increase in this digitalised world. Inclusion of labour centric regulations will lead to increase in productivity of labour and the development of industry. This research paper is an attempt to delve deeper to know how the implementation of social security codes transforms the life of gig workers by bringing them in the formal set-up. These codes provisioned for a strong social protection, safer work-places for all labourers. All business and industrial units should be included in this modern and unified system to pass on the benefits to all workers including gig workers.

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Gig workers, Platform and non-platform workers, social security code

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Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks continue to pose a significant threat to service availability by overwhelming network and host resources with malicious traffic [1][7]. While machine learning based intrusion detection systems have demonstrated high classification accuracy on benchmark datasets, their direct deployment in operational environments is often limited by false positives, delayed reaction times, and the lack of explainable enforcement mechanisms [4][5]. This paper presents a hybrid DDoS detection and mitigation system that integrates machine learning based flow classification with active Linux firewall enforcement, supported by independent detection signals from an FPGA-based monitoring module. Network traffic is captured and aggregated into flows, from which engineered features are extracted and classified using a Random Forest model trained on CIC-DDoS2019 data. Instead of relying on a fixed decision threshold, confidence calibration is performed using precision recall analysis to optimize detection reliability under class imbalance [4]. To enhance robustness, ML outputs are combined with heuristic overrides based on packet volume and burst behavior, enabling rapid mitigation through dynamic iptables rule insertion. An FPGA-based SYN flood detector operates in parallel to provide deterministic, low-latency alerts that corroborate software-based detections and motivate hardware-assisted scalability [9][10]. The system further integrates Suricata as an IDS/IPS layer and Splunk for centralized logging and visualization, enabling cross-layer validation of attack events. Experimental results demonstrate consistent detection behavior across software and hardware signals, reduced false alarms, and timely mitigation, highlighting the effectiveness of hybrid, multi-layer DDoS defenses.

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DDoS, firewall, machine learning, FPGA

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Water constitutes approximately 70% of the Earth's surface and is essential for all known life forms. Oceans and seas contain nearly 97% of the planet's water, leaving only about 2.3% as freshwater. Of this, nearly 99% is stored as ice and groundwater, with less than 0.4% present in rivers, lakes, and the atmosphere. Although it provides no calories or organic nutrients, access to safe drinking water is critical for human health and ecosystem sustainability. Despite improvements in global water accessibility over past decades, around 900 million people still lack safe drinking water, and more than 2 billion lack adequate sanitation. A significant correlation is observed between access to clean water and a nation's gross domestic product per capita. Projections indicate that by 2025, over half of the world population may face water scarcity, and by 2030, several developing regions could experience water demand exceeding supply by approximately 45%. In this major project, water samples were collected from six lakes: Himayat Sagar, Mir Alam Tank, Shamirpet Lake, Pedda Cheruvu, Kuntloor Pedda Cheruvu, and Injapur Lake. Extensive physical, chemical, biological, and microbiological analyses were conducted and benchmarked against Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) criteria. The Water Quality Index (WQI) was calculated for each lake to quantitatively assess and compare their water quality status.

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Water Quality Index (WQI), Lakes of Hyderabad, Physical, chemical, biological, and microbiological analysis

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The research paper delves into the Desi elements of Indian classical dance, as described by Parshvadeva in the Sangeet Samaysaar. These elements encompass various aspects of dance aesthetics, techniques, and emotions. The paper meticulously explores and analyzes the nuances of each Desi Anga, highlighting their significance in shaping the dance tradition. Starting with Mukhara?a, which enhances facial radiance through stagecraft, the paper traverses through Saushtava, Lali, Bhava, Tukali, Anumana, Pramana, Jhanka, Reva, Surekha, Anga, Ananga, Dhala, Dhillayi, Navani, Kittu, Tarhar, Ullas, Vaivartana, and Savartana. Each Desi Anga is examined for its role in expression, movement, symmetry, emotional resonance, and their interaction with rhythm and melody. The paper weaves in insights from classical texts like Natya Shastra and Nritya Ratnavali, establishing the rich heritage and context of these elements within the broader classical dance framework and its similarity with kathak dance.

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Sangeet Samaysaar, Desi Ang, Parshvadeva

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Abstract India is a leading source of migrant labor, with over 18 million Indian workers employed abroad (World Bank, 2022). While international employment provides economic benefits, Indian workers often experience wage exploitation, contract fraud, poor working conditions, and lack of legal protection. This paper explores labor migration trends, types of exploitation, and policy recommendations, supported by data tables, charts, and case studies.

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Keywords: Indian migrant workers, wage exploitation, international labor, Gulf countries, remittances, labor rights

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The nature of work in India has undergone a profound transformation in recent decades, driven by technological advancements, digitalisation, and evolving economic structures. A key manifestation of this shift is the gig economy, characterized by short-term, task-based, and flexible work arrangements facilitated through digital platforms. This study examines the growth, structure, and sectoral distribution of gig employment in India, highlighting its contribution to workforce participation and economic development. Drawing on secondary data, particularly the NITI Aayog (2022) [1] report, the analysis reveals a significant expansion of gig employment, with the number of gig workers projected to increase from 25.2 lakh in 2011-12 to 2.35 crore by 2029-30, accounting for nearly 6.7% of non-agricultural employment. The gig workforce is concentrated in service sectors such as transportation, retail, and food services, while also showing diversification into high-skilled digital and knowledge-based roles. While the gig economy enhances flexibility, autonomy, and inclusive participation--especially for youth and women--it also poses challenges, including income volatility, limited social security, and precarious working conditions. The study underscores the need for comprehensive policy interventions that balance the benefits of flexible work with adequate worker protections, skill development, and social security, thereby ensuring the sustainable integration of gig employment into India's labour market.

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Gig economy, platform work, employment generation, workforce transformation, digital labour

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Investigating the intersection of Pancha Bootha/ five elements with an eminent guru can make any landscape, Therapeutic. The importance of Geographic location opens a new dimension in the world of therapeutic landscapes. In the process of maintaining a physical, mental, emotional, and spiritual well-being of an individual,Landscape plays an important role. The therapeutic spaces are not restricted to any geographic region, rather spread across civilizations. This paper delves into the concept of "Therapeutic Landscapes" and their profound significance on individual well being and healing process. Also, exploring how living organisms play a vital role in healing process,amplification of sound and silence in healing process are examined. Few case studies are analysed to make better understanding of inter-relationship between land, culture and health that make an environment therapeutic. One can get to know, how the materialistic influence can have a huge impact in one's healing process. The research highlights the role of nature and its temperament in fostering mind-body connection to have a holistic health. This paper aims to deepen the understanding on how therapeutic landscape can have positive effect on individuals' physical and mental health.

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Therapeutic Landscapes, Nature, Holistic health, Healing, Pancha boothas, Geography.

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Rapid urbanisation in city has led to increased population density, shrinking open spaces, and rising public health concerns such as physical inactivity, stress, and lifestyle-related diseases. In this context, urban parks have become important public spaces that support healthier urban living. This study examines the socio-economic benefits of urban parks in enhancing public health in Lucknow City, Uttar Pradesh. The main objectives of the study are to analyse patterns of urban park usage, to assess the impact of parks on physical and mental health, to examine their role in promoting social interaction, and to explore the perceived economic benefits associated with urban parks. The study is based on primary data collected through a structured questionnaire survey of 240 respondents from different parks of Lucknow City. A descriptive and analytical research design was adopted, and the data were analysed using percentage-based and descriptive methods. The findings of the study indicate that a large proportion of city residents regularly use urban parks for activities such as walking, jogging, yoga, and relaxation. Most respondents reported improvements in physical health, including better fitness levels, reduced stress, and improved sleep quality. Urban parks were also found to contribute significantly to mental well-being by providing calm and green environments that help reduce anxiety and mental fatigue. In addition, parks function as important social spaces that encourage community interaction and strengthen social cohesion. From an economic perspective, urban parks support small-scale vendors, informal workers, and service providers, thereby contributing to local livelihoods. The study concludes that urban parks are not merely recreational spaces but essential components of public health and socio-economic infrastructure. Recognising and strengthening the role of urban parks in urban planning and policy-making is crucial for promoting sustainable, inclusive, and healthy urban development in cities like Lucknow.

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Urban Parks, Public Health, Sustainable Development, Urban Green Spaces, Socio-Economic Benefits, Social Inclusion, Emotional Wellbeing

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Pesticides are widely used for crop production because to prevent plant diseased, weeds, pests and to enhance the quality of the food products. Pesticides collected from Merck Mumbai. Such as Acephate, Acetamiprid and Imidacloprid were selected for the present study in order to determine their effects on the activities of soil enzyme urease. Results observed that the effects of selected pesticides on enzyme activity of urease enzyme flabbily decrease while without pesticides enzyme activity of urease enzyme flabbily increase

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Soil, Acephate, Acetamiprid, Imidacloropid and urease enzyme.

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The 73rd Constitutional Amendment to the Indian Constitution provided constitutional status to rural local self-government institutions (Panchayati Raj Institutions) and ensured reservation for women, thereby significantly increasing their political representation at the grassroots level. With a minimum of 33 percent reservation (extended to 50 percent in many states), women's participation in Gram Panchayats, Panchayat Samitis, and Zilla Parishads has expanded considerably. However, a gap continues to exist between numerical representation and effective participation in decision-making processes. This paper examines women's representation in rural local self-government institutions and analyzes its social consequences. The study highlights that women's participation in local governance has led to positive social outcomes such as greater emphasis on issues related to drinking water, sanitation, health, education, and women and child welfare. Women leaders also serve as role models, contributing to increased educational aspirations among girls, enhanced social awareness, and gradual changes in traditional gender attitudes within rural society. Furthermore, women's representation strengthens inclusive and participatory local democracy. At the same time, the study identifies several challenges that limit the effectiveness of women's representation, including patriarchal social structures, lack of education and administrative experience, proxy representation by male family members, and the burden of dual responsibilities at home and in public life. The paper concludes that women's representation in rural local self-government institutions has the potential to bring meaningful social transformation, provided it is supported by capacity-building measures, training, institutional support, and a conducive social environment.

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Rural Local Self-Government, Women's Representation, Panchayati Raj Institutions, Social Impact, Women Empowerment.

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Experiential Learning, Kolb Cycle, Perception, Mathematics, middle stage students

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Abstract Takeshi Kitano's Hana-bi (1997) holds a unique spot in world cinema due to its careful emotional expression, unconventional story structure, and sudden bursts of violence. Unlike typical genre films, especially crime and police movies, Hana-bi builds emotional tension not through story escalation or character psychology, but through formal techniques in its editing. This paper explores how editing acts as an emotional framework in Hana-bi, shaping feelings through silence, broken time, and the contrast of calmness with unexpected violence. Using ideas from film phenomenology, trauma theory, and Japanese aesthetics--especially the concepts of impermanence--the study claims that Kitano's editing methods turn absence, delay, and disruption into key expressive elements. The paper also places Hana-bi within a larger Japanese film tradition by examining the impact of Yasujir? Ozu's subtle editing style and how Kitano reshapes that tradition in a modern, violence-driven context. By highlighting editing as the film's main emotional and moral structure, the study adds to larger conversations about emotional cinema, minimalism, and different ways of experiencing films.

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Takeshi Kitano; Hana-bi; Film Editing; Affective Cinema; Silence; Temporal Fragmentation; Japanese Cinema; Trauma and Memory; Yasujir? Ozu

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Manipur occupies a paradoxical position within India's federal and foreign policy architecture. While geographically peripheral, the state is strategically central to India's eastern frontier and its engagement with Southeast Asia. This article examines how coalition governance in Manipur shapes domestic political stability and, in turn, influences foreign policy implementation at the subnational level. Drawing on literature from coalition politics, federalism, and foreign policy analysis, the article argues that coalition governments in Manipur operate as mediating structures between the Indian state and its external environment, particularly in the context of India-Myanmar relations. Coalition instability, ethnic fragmentation, and centre-state bargaining dynamics affect border management, security cooperation, and connectivity initiatives, thereby producing indirect yet consequential foreign policy outcomes. By situating Manipur within a multi-level foreign policy framework, the article challenges centralised views of Indian foreign policy and demonstrates how subnational political configurations condition the effectiveness and credibility of external engagements. The study contributes to debates on subnational actors in foreign policy and advances a more granular understanding of India's eastern diplomacy.

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Coalition governance; Manipur; Domestic politics; Foreign policy implementation; Border states; Centre-state relations

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Sustainability has become a critical focus in the fast-moving consumer goods (FMCG) sector amidst environmental challenges like climate change, plastic pollution, and natural resource depletion. FMCG companies increasingly adopt eco-friendly practices such as sustainable sourcing, waste reduction, energy-efficient production, and responsible disposal, while consumers grow more aware through digital media and sustainability disclosures. This study investigates consumer awareness, usage, and satisfaction with green FMCG products.

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Green FMCG Products, Sustainable Consumption, Environmental Sustainability

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The coefficient of permeability is a crucial parameter in soil mechanics, influencing groundwater flow and foundation stability. Darcy's Law, which states that the flow rate of a fluid through a porous medium is proportional to the hydraulic gradient, is fundamental in determining permeability. This experiment measures the permeability coefficient using a constant or falling head permeameter. The obtained results help in geotechnical applications like drainage design and slope stability. Accurate determination of permeability aids in predicting see page, controlling erosion, and designing hydraulic structures, ensuring safe and sustainable engineering solutions in civil and environmental projects.

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Permeability, Co-Efficient, Hydraulic Gradient, Flow Rate, Seepage, Saturated Soil.

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Bharat Me Siksha Ka Adhikar Ka Etihashik Vishleshan : Prachin Kal Se Vartaman Tak

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Bharat Me Siksha Ka Adhikar Ka Etihashik Vishleshan : Prachin Kal Se Vartaman Tak

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Pharmaceutical impurity detection and analysis represent critical quality assurance components directly impacting drug safety, therapeutic efficacy, and regulatory compliance throughout the product lifecycle. The escalating complexity of contemporary pharmaceutical formulations--including biologics, antibody-drug conjugates, and advanced therapeutics--demands analytical methodologies exceeding capabilities of conventional manual approaches. Automation technologies enable real-time monitoring, high-throughput sample processing, and standardized methodology execution with minimal human intervention, while artificial intelligence and machine learning algorithms excel at pattern recognition, predictive modeling, and decision support in complex analytical data. Integration of automation and artificial intelligence creates pharmaceutical quality control systems substantially more powerful than either technology alone, enabling transition from reactive, manual quality control toward proactive, data-driven quality management systems. Convolutional neural networks achieve 6-24% improvements in peak detection accuracy compared to conventional algorithms, with particular advantages in deconvoluting overlapping chromatographic peaks and identifying trace-level impurities. Recurrent neural networks and long short-term memory architectures provide exceptional capabilities for time-series analysis, enabling prediction of impurity formation kinetics and degradation pathways. Deep learning models achieve automated peak detection accuracy exceeding 95%, with average error in peak area determination approximately 4% compared to conventional approaches. Machine learning models demonstrate toxicity prediction accuracy exceeding 90% in external validation sets, enabling early identification of genotoxic impurities and hazardous degradation products. Process analytical technology integration with artificial intelligence enables unprecedented real-time manufacturing process monitoring, transitioning pharmaceutical manufacturing from batch-release testing toward real-time quality assurance. Persistent challenges include data quality management, model validation, regulatory acceptance frameworks, computational infrastructure requirements, and explainability of deep learning black-box models. Current regulatory frameworks emphasize risk-based validation approaches with proportionate testing based on model criticality and complexity. Harmonized global regulatory frameworks remain essential objective requiring ongoing collaboration between pharmaceutical manufacturers, technology developers, and regulatory agencies. Future advancement focuses on generative artificial intelligence applications, advanced impurity profiling strategies, real-time release testing implementation, and establishment of globally consistent validation standards and performance acceptance criteria.

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Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, Automation, Impurity Detection, Pharmaceutical Analysis, Process Analytical Technology, Quality Control, Deep Learning, Regulatory Compliance

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In 1986, India's first educational policy was approved and put into effect. On July 29,2020, India's National Educational Policy (NEP) was revised and approved after 34 years. The move marks a significant turning point for India's educational system,which will undoubtedly increase India's appeal as a global destination for higher education . The policy will turn India into a thriving knowledge hub and is founded on the principles of "Access,Equality,Quality,Affordability,and Accountability." The current paper provides an outline of the National Education Policy(NEP) 2020,highlights its key components,and identifies its advantages and disadvantages

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Features,advantages, access,quality,affordability,accountability

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The increasing integration of technology in school education has necessitated a rethinking of conventional teaching practices. This study investigates the effectiveness of techno-pedagogical strategies in teaching Social Science at the secondary school level. Techno-pedagogy combines appropriate technological tools with pedagogical principles to enhance students' understanding, engagement, and academic achievement. Using a quasi-experimental design, the study involved 80 secondary school students and 10 Social Science teachers. Data were collected through achievement tests. The results revealed a significant improvement in students' academic performance, classroom participation, and learning motivation when techno-pedagogical methods were employed. However, challenges such as inadequate infrastructure, limited professional training, and time constraints in lesson preparation were also identified. The study concludes that techno-pedagogy can serve as an effective instructional approach in Social Science education and offers practical implications, limitations, and directions for future research.

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Techno-Pedagogy, Social Science Teaching, Secondary Schools

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