Volume 12 | Issue 12

 Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Leprosy or Hansen's disease is a chronic granulomatous disorder that is caused by Mycobacterium leprae. It mostly affects skin and peripheral nerves. The disease has varied clinical and pathological manifestations depending on the immune response of the patient. It still remains as a major public health problem facing India. Nearly, 60% of all world leprosy cases are reported from India. The spectrum of presentation of leprosy is very wide. Histopathology is an important tool, helps in confirming the diagnosis for clinically suspicious cases and helps in exact typing which, in turn, influences treatment plan. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: To study the histopathology of Leprosy cases and identify different Histological subtypes of leprosy at SBKS MIRC sumandeep vidyapeeth , dhiraj hospital, pipariya, waghodiya, vadodara. METHODOLOGY: A retrospective hospital-based study of clinically diagnosed leprosy cases was conducted over a period of 3 Years (January 2020 to January 2023). Lesional skin biopsies obtained were fixed, processed and stained with Haematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) and Fite - Faraco (FF) staining for demonstrating lepra bacilli. The lesions were classified on microscopy as per Ridley-Jopling classification. RESULTS: A total of 100 cases were studied. Highest incidence was in 3rd decade of life. Males were more affected. Most common clinical feature was loss of sensation. The commonest reported histopathological type was tuberculoid leprosy followed by lepromatous leprosy. The concordance was highest in histoid leprosy, indeterminate leprosy and Type 1 Lepra reaction. Overall FF staining was positive in cases. CONCLUSION: The Histopathological examination plays an important role in making definite diagnosis. It still remains the gold standard for early accurate diagnosis and typing of leprosy. Accurate diagnosis is required for proper treatment, preventing deformities and drug resistance. Histopathology also useful for monitoring treatment response.

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Leprosy, Histomorphology, skin biopsy, Mycobacterium leprae, Hansen's disease

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The Bodhisattva ideal, a cornerstone of Mah?y?na Buddhism, embodies selfless compassion and the commitment to alleviate the suffering of all beings. In modern times, this ideal transcends traditional monastic settings, finding relevance in addressing contemporary global challenges such as social inequality, environmental degradation, and ethical crises. This paper explores the application of the Bodhisattva ideal in diverse modern contexts, including social activism, education, healthcare, and environmental conservation. It highlights the transformative potential of this ancient ethical framework when integrated into secular domains, emphasizing the cultivation of compassion, wisdom, and interconnectedness. Through an analysis of contemporary movements and individual case studies, the research underscores how the Bodhisattva ideal inspires meaningful action and fosters resilience in the face of adversity. Additionally, it examines the challenges of adapting this ideal in a rapidly changing world while maintaining its spiritual integrity. The paper concludes by proposing strategies to further enhance the practical application of the Bodhisattva ideal, positioning it as a timeless guide for personal and societal transformation in the 21st century. `

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Bodhisattva, Buddhahood, Perfections, Skillful Means...

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Doordarshan Vigyapano Ka Kishor Vidhyarthiyo Ke Samajik Av Sanskrutik Vikash Per Padnewale Prabhav Ka Adhyan

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Doordarshan Vigyapano Ka Kishor Vidhyarthiyo Ke Samajik Av Sanskrutik Vikash Per Padnewale Prabhav Ka Adhyan

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Farmer Producer Organizations (FPOs) act as a catalyst for enhancing the economic stability of small and marginal farmers by promoting collective action. They help farmers in accessing markets efficiently, securing better prices, and minimizing exploitation by middlemen. FPOs leverage economies of scale to streamline input procurement and production, which subsequently reduces costs and boosts the income of members. FPOs also focus on value addition and market linkages by encouraging processing and packaging of agricultural products. They provide essential training programs that lead to increased returns for farmers. Additionally, FPOs facilitate access to financial services and credit, thereby reducing credit risks for individual farmers. These organizations empower farmers by representing their interests in policy-making processes, ensuring the formulation of favorable policies for economic development. Through various initiatives such as risk mitigation, reduction in post-harvest losses, and promotion of sustainable farming practices, FPOs contribute to the overall economic stability of farmers, fostering resilience and sustainability in agriculture.The article highlights the pivotal role of FPOs in improving the economic stability of farmers through collective strength, better market access, financial services, and sustainable agricultural practices. Ultimately, these efforts can lead to increased income and economic resilience among the members.

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Aggregation of Produce; Grant and Subsidy Access; Hub and Spoke Model; Information Exchange

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Most Ayurvedic practitioners work in rural areas, providing health care to at least 500 million people in India alone. These herbal medicines dominate the practice of Ayurveda. Biodiversity is the main source of human survival & financial wellbeing on which the whole people, families, communities, nations and future generation depends. Medicinal plants are globally valuable sources of herbal products and they are disappearing rampantly. Therefore, with proper care and management biological sources can be used sustainably ensuring their use for our forthcoming generation

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Promote Ayurveda to protect the Plants: A case study

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Abstract-- Groundwater depletion and contamination are pressing challenges threatening global water security and sustainability. Conventional educational methods for promoting groundwater conservation often fail to engage diverse audiences effectively. This study introduces an interactive educational game leveraging Q-learning, a reinforcement learning algorithm, to teach optimal groundwater management practices. The game simulates real-world scenarios, including drought, contamination, and resource allocation, offering a dynamic and personalized learning experience for players across age groups. The system dynamically adjusts question difficulty based on player performance, fostering sustained engagement and knowledge retention. Developed as a web-based platform using Django and SQLite, the game integrates a leaderboard, quiz-based gameplay, and adaptive question progression. By combining gamification and reinforcement learning, this system empowers individuals to make informed decisions about water resource management, contributing to broader efforts in environmental education and sustainable development.

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Keywords-- Groundwater conservation, environmental education, Q-learning, reinforcement learning, gamification, quiz-based learning, adaptive difficulty adjustment, scenario-based learning, sustainable water management, resource management simulation, web-based application, water resource sustainability.

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This study explores the transformative role of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and automation in Human Resource (HR) practices, focusing on enhancing efficiency, employee well-being, and organizational performance. It examines key areas such as employee productivity measurement, payroll automation, real-time feedback, and health and safety improvements. A conceptual framework is proposed to understand AI's impact on HR digitization, organizational design, and network analysis. Through literature review and empirical research, the study highlights AI's potential to revolutionize HR processes while addressing associated challenges.

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Artificial Intelligence, HR Automation, Employee Productivity, Real-time Feedback, Organizational Design, Payroll Automation, Workplace Safety.

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Template matching has proven valuable in the field of medical imaging and document analysis, where it aids in verifying document authenticity, identifying structures in images, and categorizing records efficiently. This paper introduces a Medical Insurance Document Verification System (MIDVS), designed to meet the specific demands of medical document and image verification. Using an integrated approach, which includes region-ofinterest (ROI) extraction, structural similarity index (SSIM) analysis, and optical character recognition (OCR), MIDVS achieves precise matching even under variations in document layout or image conditions. The results demonstrate MIDVS's potential in improving processing accuracy and reliability for large-scale medical document management and verification.

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medical insurance, medical based insurance system, fraud insurance detection, insurance detection

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This study explores the impact of employee remuneration benefits on performance, job satisfaction, and organizational productivity. By analyzing empirical and theoretical frameworks, the research identifies the significance of wages, salaries, bonuses, and incentives in enhancing employee motivation and retention. The findings suggest a positive correlation between effective remuneration policies and improved organizational outcomes. Recommendations for policy implementation are provided.

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Remuneration, Salaries, Wages, Bonuses, Incentives, Employee Performance, Organizational Productivity

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Flavonoids represent a diverse class of plant-derived compounds with significant therapeutic potential. This review focuses on two prominent flavonoids, rutin and chrysin, examining their biochemical properties, mechanisms of action, and therapeutic applications. Rutin, a glycoside of quercetin, demonstrates notable antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and vasoprotective properties, with promising applications in cardiovascular disease, diabetes management, and neuroprotection. Chrysin, a naturally occurring flavone, exhibits anticancer, anti-inflammatory, and anxiolytic effects through multiple cellular pathways, including modulation of apoptosis and inflammation mediators. Recent evidence suggests both compounds may have synergistic effects when combined with conventional treatments. This review synthesizes current research findings, highlighting the molecular mechanisms underlying their biological activities and discussing challenges in their clinical application, including bioavailability and delivery systems. Understanding these flavonoids' therapeutic potential could lead to innovative treatment strategies for various pathological conditions.

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Flavonoids, Rutin, Chrysin, Anti-anxiety, Anxiolytic, Anti-inflammation, Antidiabetic.

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The paper explores the strategic role of human resource management (HRM) in enhancing organizational performance. By examining both theoretical and empirical perspectives, the study identifies key HR practices and their impact on employee satisfaction, retention, and productivity. Utilizing a mixed-methods approach, the research provides insights into the challenges organizations face and proposes actionable strategies for effective HR management. The findings underscore the importance of aligning HR policies with organizational goals to drive sustainable growth.

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Human Resource Management, Organizational Performance, Employee Retention, HR Practices, Strategic Alignment

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Aravind Adiga is a journalist by profession. As a part of his profession he has moved around India and collected material which is related and not related to the job, but it is useful. He has modified it into a novel that is Adiga's debut novel 'The White Tiger'. It is an epistolary novel, written in letters to the Chinese president by the protagonist Balram. Balram is a school drop-out, born in a poor family of sweet makers called Halwais. Presently when the novel is going on, they are no more sweet makers. His father is now a rickshaw puller, trying to meet both ends of the day. In such a situation, he has also the duty of a father of a daughter. He has to get his daughter married off. For this, he has taken a loan to give dowry to her. In order to clear it off, Balram also has to leave his school and join as a helper in a mechanic shop. He is a clever boy who wants to grow up in life. In the process of his letters to the Chinese Prime minister Jiabao, he explains the 'light' and 'dark' sides of the country, in seven letters each a day. My paper explores the ups and downs of Balram's life as a Halwai. His evolution from an innocent school dropout to a rich man, the owner of a taxi association which speaks about the contemporary conditions of the country.

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Role of money in Aravind Adiga's'The WhiteTiger'

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The increasing prevalence of health issues among the elderly and individuals with physical disabilities calls for innovative solutions to enhance safety and well-being. This paper introduces a wearable Internet of Things (IoT) device integrating fall detection, sleep monitoring, and real-time emergency alert features. Using an accelerometer, heart rate sensor, and a two- step verification process, the system identifies falls, monitors sleep quality, and triggers emergency responses when necessary. The accelerometer detects sudden movements and abnormal body postures, promptly sending alerts during a fall. Sleep monitoring focuses on heart rate, ensuring it remains within a healthy range (40-50 beats per minute) to indicate restful sleep. Prolonged deviations from this range trigger alerts to caregivers or medical professionals. A two-step verification process improves the accuracy of alerts by confirming the user is in distress before escalating. Lightweight and user-friendly, the device can be worn comfortably throughout the day and night, offering continuous health monitoring. This solution provides enhanced safety and peace of mind for users and caregivers, especially for the elderly, those with mobility challenges, and individuals at risk.

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Fall Detection System, Sleep Quality Monitoring, Real-Time Alerts, Emergency Notification, Health Monitoring Device, Two-Step Verification System, Paralyzed Patient Care

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In this project, to make concrete a sustainable material, fine aggregate was replaced partially with foundry sand because our resources are limited. Tests were performed on concrete samples at different percentage replacements (10%, 15%, 20%) for compressive strength, tensile strength, and flexural strength. They also have the purpose of finding a suitable replacement percentage, ensuring the balance between mechanical resistance and workability together to encourage the recycling of industrial waste. This paper also helps reduce the environmental impact of construction activities and promoting sustainable materials.

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Fine aggregate, Tensile Strength, Compressive Strength ,Flexural Strength, Industrial Waste, Sustainable materials

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Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a progressive respiratory condition that significantly impacts patients' quality of life, mental health, and overall well-being. A comprehensive counselling program (CCP) tailored to the needs of COPD patients can provide holistic care, improve disease management, and enhance psychosocial outcomes. This paper explores the conceptual foundation of a CCP for COPD patients and discusses its potential benefits.

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COPD, Comprehensive Counselling Program (CCP), disease management, psychosocial outcomes, quality of life, psychological distress, holistic care, patient education.

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The study aim is to analyses the venture capital investment and its evaluation in India. The study brings out that the Indian market attracted venture capital funds from even competitors' economics like china. Venture capital is a financial intermediary which provides funds to new entrepreneur having some innovative and new technology in business. Venture capital is an investment in form of equity and debt and sometime both-straighter conditional, made in new or untried concept, ideas promoted by a technically professionally qualified entrepreneur. Venture capital is emerging vital sources for newly start-up innovative business model with high risk factor associated with it. Venture capital has been considered as the engine of economic growth for promoting equitable development through knowledge-based enterprise. The venture capital industry in India has been operation in some from 1973. It is now has successfully emerged for all the business firms take up risky project and have high growth prospects. The venture capital investment assists in fostering innovative entrepreneurship in India. The small and medium enterprise development commission proposed that venture capital be supported as a form of financing for emerging entrepreneurs and technology.

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venture capital, Evaluation, private equity, capital investment etc.

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The many applications of artificial intelligence (AI) in the Indian healthcare industry, looking at how it has revolutionised patient care in terms of diagnosis, treatment options, and general management. AI has a wide range of uses in the healthcare industry, from reduced administrative procedures to personalised treatment plans and sophisticated diagnostic instruments. It also discusses the difficulties that arise with integrating AI into healthcare systems, including issues with data privacy, moral dilemmas, and the requirement for strong legal frameworks. The study offers a thorough examination of the state of artificial intelligence (AI) in healthcare today, emphasising creative solutions and successful case studies that have greatly enhanced patient outcomes and clinical decision-making. This paper attempts to further understand how artificial intelligence (AI) may be used to improve the effectiveness, precision, and accessibility of healthcare services by looking at the nexus between technology and healthcare. Additionally, the paper delves into the possibilities of artificial intelligence in healthcare, going into future developments, changing patterns, and the need for teamwork among medical practitioners, researchers, and computer specialists. The significance of maintaining equilibrium between welcoming technical advancements and tackling moral and legal dilemmas to guarantee the conscientious and efficient application of artificial intelligence in the medical field.

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Artificial intelligence, Healthcare, Patients, India

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The Smart Cities Mission is a well-known concept and gaining popularity day by day. Urbanization and population growth are the critical areas that are creating the urge for the cities to be better and employ more smart solutions to address urbanization issues. Smart Cities Mission aims to make cities "smart" and their citizens even more "smart". Providing "smart" infrastructure that can enhance better quality of life in people. Smart City makes use of ICT (Information and Communication) technology to prevent this core urban issues. ICT is making a city more inclusive, sustainable and boosting its citizen engagement. Smart Cities enables smart living by imbibing smarter solutions. This study further aims to identify the feasibility of smart city mission and also reviews that how this mission redefines the city to be a better version of itself.

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Smart Living, Urbanization

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: In the contemporary workplace, organizations are witnessing the coexistence of multiple generations, each with distinct values, expectations, and work styles. This study explores the dynamics of a multi-generational workforce, emphasizing its challenges and opportunities. By analyzing existing literature and surveying diverse organizations, this paper provides insights into fostering collaboration, enhancing productivity, and addressing intergenerational conflicts. The findings aim to guide organizations in leveraging generational diversity as a strategic advantage.

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Multi-generational workforce, generational diversity, workplace dynamics, intergenerational collaboration, organizational productivity

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oral sucrose as analgesia for pain relief

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