Volume 12 | Issue 12

 Abstract

This paper looks at how Robert Frost's poetry addresses the idea of the American Dream, especially as it relates to the conventional ideas of upward mobility, self-reliance, and personal accomplishment. Although Frost's writing frequently honours independence and country living, it also criticizes the demands and aspirations of the American Dream. This paper examines how Frost captures the nuances of the American Dream, presenting both its bright prospects and the harsh realities that occasionally undercut it through close readings of significant poems.

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Robert Frost, American Dream, individualism, self-reliance, disillusionment, nature, rural life, modernism

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Antihistamine, medication, HCL schizophrenia, spectrophotofluorimeter

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Language is an attractive area of study in philosophy and an extremely important topic for philosophers. But question is that why is language important to philosophy? There are different ways in answering the above question. Most important, however, is that language is important to philosophy because language expresses reality or ontology for us. However, we witness there a divergence of opinions about the nature of language and reality. Linguistic philosophers over the years have engaged in a serious philosophical debate about the nature of language and the nature of reality. Language, for them, may be either ordinary language or artificial language. The language that Wittgenstein expected in his Tractatus is known as the propositional language or logical language. So, for him, language is the totality of propositions. In the contrary, according early Wittgenstein, reality is the totality of facts. Language is the model of reality. Language expresses reality due to having isomorphism relation between language and reality. However, in this paper, I have wanted to show that the relationship between language and reality by following Wittgenstein's first book Tractatus logico- Philosopicus.

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ontology, pictorial form, logical picture, Isomorphism, logical space.

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Abstract: The skin is the largest organ in the body and carries out numerous vital tasks that are necessary for good health and wellbeing. Its main function is to serve as a barrier of defense, keeping the body safe from outside dangers like infections, UV rays, and toxins from the surroundings. Skin cells are damaged by UV radiation, which raises the possibility of mutations and skin cancer. Tannin is produced when melanin production rises and acts as a natural barrier against UV ray damage. Nevertheless, overexposure to UV radiation can override this defense mechanism, resulting in sunburn and hastening the skin's aging process. Prolonged exposure to UV radiation also raises the risk of melanoma and other skin cancers. The skin is also vulnerable to numerous microbial infections because it is the organ that comes into direct contact with the outside world first. Numerous factors may contribute to these infections. As a solution to this skin issue, Preapared a unique emulgel formulation that successfully addresses issues with microbial infection, and sun protection. The combination of the qualities of an emulsion and a gel is known as emulgel in pharmaceutical formulas. Particularly for topical applications, this special combination offers multiple benefits in drug delivery. The natural ingredients used in the herbal emulgel formulation, such as essential oils and plant extracts, make it a strong substitute for synthetic products. They are safe to the skin and suitable for those with sensitivity or allergy issues because their formulation is frequently devoid of harsh chemicals and artificial additives. The formulation is designed to protect the skin from UV radiations and it also has anti-inflammatory as well as anti-microbial property. To obtain herbal and natural solution to this condition our formulation consists of plant extract. Later on, while evaluating the formulation we have estimated it on the basis of color, consistency, spreadability, pH, SPF studies, thermodynamic stability studies and anti-microbial study. On achieving satisfactory results, we can assure you that the banana plant extract can be widely used for sun protection.

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Nano-Emugel, Olive oil, Sun Protection factor, extrudability, Musa Paradiasica

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Solid waste is a problem that must be properly managed in order to protect the human health and environment and preserve the natural resources. Many do not realize that solid wastes also make a definite impact on the climatic change. The manufacturers, users, distributers of the products as well as the disposal of the resulting wastes all results in emission of the atmospheric gases- " Green House gases" which has affected the earth's environment to a large extent. When the organic wastes decomposes on the landfills and uncontrolled it produces the methane gases one of the major green house gases contributing to a drastic change in the surrounding climate and the environment.

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Solid & Liquid Waste Management, Methods of Waste Management, Wastewater, Reuse, Recycle

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"Information is King" is an accepted fact, and the sources to get information are many. However, in this technology driven world, the sources of the information need to be analyzed and understood in order to understand the authenticity and objectivity of the information and here comes the Economics. Again, on the other hand, print media is still standing as one of the credible sources of information. Hence, an attempt is made to understand the Economics of Print Media, where the second smallest state of the Country i.e. Sikkim is taken as the survey area. Within the economics, how the ownership pattern plays an important role is also one of the prime question, which is attempted to be understood through the research paper.

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Sikkim, Print Media, Economics, Dual Economy

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Edited image detection and restoration are crucial in various fields such as digital forensics, media integrity, and security. Edited image detection helps identify manipulated or tampered images, ensuring the authenticity of visual content, which is vital for preventing misinformation, fraud, and preserving trust in media. Restorstion aims to recover or reconstruct images that have been altered, either for forensic purposes The provided code implements a deep learning pipeline for detecting manipulated images using Error Level Analysis (ELA). It preprocesses images by generating ELA maps to highlight manipulation traces. A custom dataset class loads ELA images and corresponding ground truth masks, applying necessary transformations. The model, based on a pretrained ResNeXt-50, is fine-tuned to predict manipulation maps. The training function handles loss computation and parameter updates using batches of images and masks. Finally, the trained model is saved for future use in detecting image manipulations

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Image Manipulation,Media Integrity,Tampered Image,Image Restoration.

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Dementia is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that significantly impacts cognitive functions, behavior, and daily living activities. Its multifaceted nature necessitates the use of standardized assessment tools to evaluate its severity and progression. This article explores the various scales used for assessing dementia, focusing on their clinical relevance and application in different contexts. Finally, underscoring the importance of continued efforts in advancing dementia care and improving quality of life for affected individuals.

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Dementia, Cognition, Visual, Spatial, Alzheimer's disease

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As of 2021, India has over 5,000+ best Nursing colleges in various states of India. These top Nursing colleges in India are divided by ownership where 2,000+ colleges are owned by private institutions, 400+ are owned by the government and 300+ are under semi-government institutions. BSc, GNM, ANM, BSc (Post Basic), UG Diploma, MSc, etc. Government of India, Ministry of Human Resource Development has established NAAC under UGC and NBA under AICTE in 1994 to look into the quality aspects of HEI and undertake accreditation of the HEI. Nursing institutions can go for NAAC accreditation for institution as well as NBA accreditation for individual programmes. Due to implementation of RUSA which shall be funding the HEI, and the mandatory clause imposed by NBA of accreditation for capacity enhancement e.t.c. Moreover, NBA accreditation is a prerequisite for the technical institutions to seek autonomous status from university. This paper studies the commonalities and differences between NBA and NAAC accreditation for Nursing institutions in India.

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Accreditation, NCI, Nursing Institutions HEI, IQAC, NAAC, NBA, Nursing, SSR.

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This article explores the multifaceted roles of cuttlefish, particularly focusing on Sepia officinalis, in enhancing human health. It discusses the biological characteristics of cuttlefish, including their unique anatomy and intelligence, and highlights the significance of their ink, which contains melanin and various bioactive compounds. The ink exhibits antimicrobial and potential anticancer properties, along with effects on hematopoiesis, hypertension, inflammation, and oxidative stress. Additionally, the article examines the role of estrogen and its receptors in cephalopods, detailing their involvement in reproductive processes and the broader implications for understanding endocrine functions in invertebrates. A comparative analysis of symptoms associated with cuttlefish ink and hypoestrogenemia further underscores its potential health benefits. This comprehensive overview emphasizes the importance of further research into cephalopod biology and its applications in medicine, potentially leading to novel therapeutic approaches.

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Sepia - Cuttlefish - Cephalopoda - Cuttlebone - Ink composition - Melanin - Health benefits - Antimicrobial properties - Anticancer effects - Immune enhancement - Anti-inflammatory properties - Oestrogen receptor - Hormonal regulation - Reproductive health - Nutritional value - Tissue expression - Environmental adaptations - Endocrine disruptors - Neuroprotective effects - Photoprotection - Antioxidant activity - Aquatic health impacts - Natural remedies

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Security, be it personal or professional, has become indispensable in this cutting edge and quick paced world. Most common types of security systems are physical security system that involves the use of a variety of means and devices and Commercial security involving the use of sophisticated devices and trained security guards. Slumbering while on duty is given significance as it might unfavourably influence the performance. It might, moreover, be unsafe in situations where a representative's obligation to guard and restrain a dangerous circumstances is ignored. The increasing demand for effective security measures has driven the development of innovative solutions to ensure the reliability and efficiency of security personnel. This project presents a comprehensive monitoring system for security guards using Internet of Things (IoT) and Radio-Frequency Identification (RFID) technologies. The primary objective is to address the prevalent issue of guards falling asleep during duty, thereby enhancing the overall security protocol. Our proposed system integrates RFID tags and readers to track the presence and movements of security guards within the designated premises. IoT sensors and devices are deployed to monitor real-time environmental conditions and detect any unusual activities. The collected data is transmitted to a centralized server, where it is analyzed to provide insights and alerts for prompt action. This system not only ensures that guards remain vigilant but also allows for remote supervision and real-time reporting. By leveraging IoT and RFID technologies, the system aims to offer a robust and scalable solution for security management, ensuring that security personnel adhere to their duties effectively.

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Radio Frequency, Internet of Things, Security, Blynk

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In this study, a series of novel Synthesis of (2,4-dimethoxy-3-((2-phenylthiazol-5-yl)methoxy)phenyl)(phenyl)methanones(8a-p), were synthesized from condensation of an equimolar quantity of aryl (3- hydroxy-2, 4-dimethoxyphenyl) methanones(4a-d) and 5-(chloromethyl)-2-phenylthiazole(7a-d) in DMF solvent by employing anhydrous potassium carbonate (K2CO3) as a base. The chemical structure of the synthesized novel compounds was characterized by analytical and spectral (FTIR, 1HNMR, 13CNMR and HRMS) techniques. The desired title compounds were screened for qualitative (zone of inhibition) analysis by agar well method, respectively. Among the synthesized compounds in the series, the compounds 8f and 8g were found to show major antibacterial activity at a lower concentration, against Gram-positive bacteria such as Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus and Gram-negative bacteria such as Salmonella typhimurium, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Klebsiella pneumoniae. The rest of the compounds exhibited ample antibacterial activity compared to Chloramphenicol's standard positive controls.

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2,6-dimethoxy phenol, aryl (3-hydroxy2, 4-dimethoxyphenyl) methanones, 5-(chloromethyl)-2-phenylthiazole, (2,4-dimethoxy-3-((2-phenylthiazol-5-yl)methoxy)phenyl)(phenyl)methanones,agar well method, antibacterial activity.

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Contributing predominantly to both acute and chronic disease affecting the liver, drug-induced liver injury leads to higher morbidity and mortality cases. This extensive review paper presents an in-depth analysis about knowledge state on DILI related to its pathophysiology, clinical presentations, diagnostics troubles and treatment strategies. The review of the literature shows that DILI is a complex condition, involving pharmacological, environmental, and genetic variables. The clinical appearance may vary widely from slight increases in liver enzymes to severe liver failure. The time interval between drug intake and the onset of symptoms also varies greatly. This review focuses on the strong need for early DILI diagnosis and treatment to avert liver failure and promote prognosis. We also take into account contemporary diagnostic modalities and treatment strategies, which may include imaging studies, liver biopsies, and biomarkers. This research, therefore, calls for basic scientists, pharmacologists, and clinicians to tackle DILI in a multidisciplinary approach. To enhance better understanding of this complex phenomenon and to encourage further study in this area, this paper attempts to present a comprehensive overview of DILI.

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DILI, Hepatotoxicity, Liver Injury, Toxicity, Drug Induced Liver Injury

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This paper discusses the challenges associated with measuring customer-perceived reliability for conversational AI assistants and proposes a framework to measure the reliability of such assistants. We first provide an overview of conversational AI assistants and propose a dimensional approach to defining reliability that covers the broad range of use-cases served by these assistants. We analyze existing mechanisms used to measure reliability of assistants and discuss challenges presented by the new wave of assistants powered by Large Language Models (LLMs). The proposed solution framework leverages end-to-end telemetry, feedback collection through real-time sentiment analysis, and offline analysis of interaction logs by generative models to provide a comprehensive view of reliability. This research's framework includes further analysis of data to identify the source of defects and feed information back to the assistant, enabling the assistant to adjust its responses as needed. By building on recent progress in LLMs, this framework tackles issues such as context-awareness, external tool integration and scalability. Finally, this work offers tangible ideas for implementation while considering real world limitations around cost, privacy, and compliance with regulations.

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artificial intelligence, chatbots, conversational AI, customer experience, reliability measurement, voice assistants

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The article provides a thorough overview of the extraction methods, properties, compositions, and industrial applications of lemongrass essential oil. Traditionally, lemongrass (Cymbopogon Citratus) essential oil has been utilized for centuries in medicine to enhance blood circulation, treat fevers and malaria, aid digestion, and boost the immune system. Lemongrass essential oil finds extensive use across various industries, including aromatherapy, food and beverage, pharmaceuticals, fragrance and flavor, agriculture and livestock, cosmetics and soaps, as well as household products. The quality of lemongrass essential oil is significantly influenced by the extraction method and the conditions under which it is obtained. Various extraction techniques can be employed to obtain lemongrass essential oil, such as steam distillation, Soxhlet extraction, ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE), hydrodistillation (HD), microwave-assisted hydrodistillation (MAHD), and supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) using carbon dioxide. The Key physicochemical properties of lemongrass oil include specific gravity, optical rotation, refractive index, citral content, freezing point, moisture content, acid value, ester value, carbonyl value, and phenol content. It is important to note that the chemical composition of lemongrass essential oil can vary based on factors such as geographical location, cultivation methods, plant age, photoperiod, harvest time, cultivars, and extraction techniques. To address the limitations of traditional distillation methods, environmentally friendly extraction technologies like supercritical fluid extraction (SFE), steam distillation extraction (SDE) and microwave-assisted hydrodistillation (MAHD) should be considered for industrial-scale production of lemongrass oil.

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Extraction, lemongrass, isolation, Essential oil

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This study compares the clinical performance of the Laryngeal Mask Airway ProSeal (LMA ProSeal) and the Classic Laryngeal Mask Airway (Classic LMA) in patients undergoing minor surgical procedures. Both devices are widely used for airway management in anesthesia, but differences in design and function may influence patient safety, efficacy, and ease of use. The primary endpoints evaluated were ease of insertion, airway sealing pressure, and perioperative complications. The study's findings suggest that while both devices are effective, the LMA ProSeal offers superior airway sealing and reduced postoperative complications, particularly for procedures requiring higher airway pressures.

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LMA, ProSeal LMA, Classic LMA, endotracheal tube

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Entrepreneurship is a key driver of economic growth and development, as it leverages a nation's resources for wealth creation and innovation. Business incubation plays a crucial role in supporting this process by providing necessary resources, guidance, and assistance to budding entrepreneurs. This study examines the role of Tamilnadu Startup in promoting entrepreneurship within the state of Tamilnadu, highlighting the various strategies employed by the business incubation center to nurture new ventures.The analysis reveals notable disparities between the support practices advertised by the incubator and the actual services delivered to the startups. While Tamilnadu Startup offers a diverse range of facilities and assistance, many entrepreneurs expressed dissatisfaction with the quality and effectiveness of these services. Key challenges identified include inadequate funding, technical limitations, and insufficient institutional support, which have hindered the success of startups and entrepreneurs in the region. This gap between expectations and delivery suggests a need for improved strategies to enhance the impact of business incubation in Tamilnadu.

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Incubation,Entrepreneur,Incubate,Beneficiaries

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Traditional HPLC uses toxic solvents like acetonitrile and methanol, which pose risks to health and the environment. Green HPLC, adhering to green chemistry principles, emphasizes eco-friendly solvents such as ethanol, water, and supercritical carbon dioxide to minimize toxicity, waste generation, and energy consumption. Key strategies include solvent reduction, optimized isocratic elution, and miniaturized systems like micro- and Nano-HPLC, which lower solvent and sample volumes while maintaining analytical precision. Energy-efficient technologies and regulatory compliance further enhance sustainability. Applications extend to impurity profiling, stability testing, and quality control, offering an environmentally sound alternative without compromising accuracy.

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Sustainable HPLC, eco-friendly solvents, green chemistry, solvent reduction, micro-HPLC systems.

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This research paper explores the effect of marital status on women's labor force participation in Gujarat, focusing on how different industries interact with this dynamic. Through a comparative study across sectors such as manufacturing, services, and agriculture, the research seeks to uncover patterns in employment participation rates among married, single, widowed, and divorced women. The study draws on both primary and secondary data sources to assess the factors contributing to variations in participation rates. It also considers the role of cultural norms, family obligations, and government policies in shaping labor force engagement across different marital statuses. This research contributes to the understanding of gendered labor dynamics and provides recommendations for fostering greater inclusivity in the workforce.

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Effect, Marital, Status, Labour, Force, Participation, Women, Gujarat.

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Kushta is considered as one of the mahagada1, 2, 3. Kapha along with 6 other factors involves in pathogenesis of kushta4. Involvement of Kapha is comparatively predominant in all Kushtas. There are various types of Kushtas which are enumerated based on appearance of lesions on skin but in Charaka Samhita and Rasa Ratna Samucchaya the treatment of Kushta is explained based on doshas, in reference to this Kaphaja Kushta is taken into consideration for this study. Name of the disease is only for communication and easy understanding of a disease5. In Ayurveda all diseases are treated based on Doshas and Kushta is no exception to this. Hence, treatment of Kapha Dosha is given priority6. Classification of Kushta vary from author to author. To avoid confusion the symptoms explained by Acharya Charaka in context of Kapha dosha is selected7. As per classics in Kushta, panchakarma therapies are the treatment structure. If the disease is chronic, elimination therapies should be given and if disease is of recent origin, palliative therapies like abhyanga, lepa etc should be followed8. To avoid the reoccurance Shodhana, rakta mokshana, Bahya chikitsa like Lepa and timely administration of Sneha are to be followed9. If Kapha is associated with other Dosha, then Taila is considered as effective choice10. Saptaparna is one among the drugs mentioned by AcharyaSushrutha11 under the treatment of Kaphaja Kushta which has Tikta KashyaRasa12, Sara Guna, Ushna Veerya, Kushtaghna and Krimihara properties13. It is easily available in surrounding area and preparation of Saptaparna Taila is easy and cost effective. In this study the specific action of Saptaparna Tailain different Kapha predominant Kushtasis to be observed and effect of Saptaparna Taila in specific Kushta is noted. As per the study in 2017, the burden due to infectious and non-infectious skin disease has increased 53.7% over the past 3 decades. The high burden of skin and subcutaneous disease which is considered as 4th leading cause of disability worldwide hence, justifying the need for this study.

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 Keywords

Kaphaja Kushta, Abhyanga, Saptaparna Taila

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