Volume 12 | Issue 12

 Abstract

The cultivation and collection of medicinal and aromatic plants (MAPs) have witnessed increasing significance due to their valuable contributions to various industries, including pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and herbal products. This project explores the commercial aspects of cultivating and collecting these plants, emphasizing sustainable practices. This abstract provides a concise overview of the key points covered in the project on the commercial cultivation and collection aspects of medicinal and aromatic plants. Efficient and ethical collection practices are crucial for maintaining biodiversity and preserving ecosystems. The project discusses Current Good Collection Practices (CGCP), emphasizing responsible harvesting methods that minimize environmental impact. The commercial cultivation and collection of medicinal and aromatic plants (MAPs) have gained significant attention due to their applications in pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and food industries. Sustainable cultivation practices ensure consistent supply while preserving biodiversity. Commercial cultivation involves selecting high-yield varieties, optimizing agricultural practices, and adhering to Good Agricultural and Collection Practices (GACP) to maintain quality. Cultivation benefits include controlled growth conditions, reduced overharvesting, and enhanced phytochemical consistency. Collection from the wild, although traditional, poses challenges like overexploitation and habitat destruction, necessitating the adoption of sustainable harvesting methods. Key considerations in MAP cultivation include soil selection, climate adaptability, pest management, and post-harvest processing. Emerging technologies like organic farming, agroforestry, and biotechnological advancements further enhance yield and quality. Regulatory frameworks and certification schemes, such as FairWild and organic labels, promote ethical and sustainable trade. Integrating local communities in cultivation and collection processes not only ensures economic empowerment but also preserves traditional knowledge. This paper highlights the critical aspects of commercial cultivation and collection, emphasizing the need for balancing economic growth with environmental conservation and sustainable resource management.

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 Keywords

Medicinal plants ,Aromatic plants ,Commercial cultivation,Collection practices,Current Good Agricultural Practices (CGAP),Current Good Cultivation Practices (CGCP),Ethical harvesting, Plant growth regulators.

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The present study investigates the diverse array of insects pests effecting tea cultivation in the Negheriting area of Dergaon, Golaghat District, Assam the study revels the prevalence of 30 number of tea pests belonging to 10 orders and 25 families affecting all parts of the plant leaf, stem, roots, flowers and seed and are fed upon by at least one pests species and resulting 11% - 75% loss. During the investigation period order Lepidoptera (20%), Trombidiformes (20%), Blattodea (19%) has been recorded with the dominant insects pests species. From this survey it was found that in Negheriting tea estate of the Dergaon, Golaghat District, these pests namely Termites (Odentotermes formosanus), Red spider mites (Oligonychus coffeae )and Black Citrus Aphide (Toxoptera aurantii) and Brown Citrus Aphide (Toxoptera citricida), Tea looper Caterpillar (Biston suppressaria), Bistre (Biston regalis), stinging nettle oriental moth (Monema flavescens) are primarily found to affect the tea plantations.

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Keywords : Insects pests, Negheriting tea garden, Dergaon, Management practice, Tea plantation.

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The Konark Sun Temple, known for its exquisite carvings and architectural grandeur, stands as one of the most iconic monuments of ancient India. Among its vast array of sculptures, several images depict sexual poses that have historically been understood through the lens of fertility and sensuality. However, in light of modern feminist thought, these depictions invite a deeper, more nuanced examination. This paper reinterprets these sculptures through the lens of contemporary feminism, exploring their relevance to the ongoing discourse on pornography, gender equality, freedom, and the sacredness of female sexuality. By exploring the context of these sexual poses within the temple, this study contends that they should not be reduced to mere eroticism but understood as expressions of female agency, empowerment, and divine autonomy in a patriarchal world. In the process, this journal also discusses the potential of such ancient symbols to challenge modern gender inequalities, providing an intersection between the sacred and the profane.

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 Keywords

Konark Sun Temple, Sexual Pose, Feminism, Gender Equality, Pornography, Freedom, Female Autonomy, Sacred Feminine, Modern Feminism

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Mental Health conditions are widespread, these are still undertreated. WHO report, 2022 on Mental health states that every one in eight (12.5%) is living with mental health conditions. In spite of this severity, on average, only 2% of the health budget is spent on mental health. In the case of Depressive disorders, most people cannot identify that it is a problem or illness Depressive disorders are higher in college-going students (15-24 year) than other population. The reasons may be leaving home for higher studies, forming new relationships, adjustment to the new environment, disturbance in sleeping pattern, pressure of studies, lack of family support in attaining higher education, easy access to alcohol and drugs etc. Supportive teacher-student relationships can help in preventing depression because the students feel loved, cared and accepted. Teacher support enhances a teacher's relationship with a student. It boosts their confidence, self-concept and self-esteem. Teachers can develop a working and collaborative relationship with the students, avoid negative techniques, make adjustments in assigned tasks, arrange opportunities that motivate them towards success, consult with the institution's counselor or psychologist, and can learn Current Best Practices. So teacher-student engagement helps in checking the prevalence of depressive disorders in higher education.

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Teacher-Student Relationship, Depressive Disorders

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People all throughout the world utilise natural remedies to cure a variety of illnesses. People have faith in natural remedies. We have created a herbal churn that you may take whenever you'd like to treat a medical condition in an attempt to win people's faith. help improve and support your health by fortifying your immunity. With a recommended dosage, you can take this churn at any time of day and it contains ten different Ayurvedic aushadhis. Ten herbs were used to prepare the chop: giloy (Tinospora cordifolia), lemongrass (Cymbopogon), clove (Syzygiumaromaticum), ginger (Zingiber officinale), cinnamon (Cinnamomum), tulsi (Ocimum tenuiflora), cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum), fennel (fennel fruit), peppermint (brandy mint), giloy (Tinospora cordifolia), or giloy. Evaluations are made of this Ayurvedic treatment. Just boil the required amount of churn in water and consume at least three healthy sips daily to boost your immunity and reduce congestion brought on by airborne illnesse

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Herbal Churna, Anti-viral activity, diabetic activity, constituents, Anti-inflammatory.

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The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) into IT organizations is transforming industry practices, enhancing operational efficiency, and reshaping workforce dynamics. This paper explores the impact of AI and ML on IT employees, focusing on changes in job roles, skill requirements, and overall work environment. Through a review of recent literature and case studies, we highlight how AI and ML are influencing employment patterns, job satisfaction, and professional development within IT organizations. The findings indicate that while AI and ML bring about increased productivity and innovation, they also necessitate significant shifts in employee skills and job functions. AI & ML, Employees, IT organization, Mumbai, India.

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AI & ML, Employees, IT organization, Mumbai, India.

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The present study was undertaken to investigate the environmental awareness of secondary school students in relation to gender and type of school. The sample of the study consists of 100 secondary school students of District Anantnag. Equal representation was given to Gender and Type of school. Environmental Awareness Ability Measure (EAAM-2005) developed by Praveen Kumar Jha was used to collect the data. The collected data underwent statistical analysis, which included calculating Mean, Standard Deviation and t-test. The results of the study indicate insignificant difference between male and female secondary school students on environmental awareness and private secondary school students showed significantly more environmental awareness as compared to government secondary school students.

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Environmental Awareness, Secondary School Students.

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In the rapidly evolving landscape of education, the integration of technology has become not just a luxury but a necessity. As classrooms become increasingly digital, there is a growing need for teachers to possess the skills and knowledge required to effectively incorporate technology into their teaching practices. The Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPACK) framework has emerged as a powerful model to guide this integration, offering a comprehensive approach that combines technological knowledge with pedagogical and content expertise. This research paper explores the integration of TPACK into teacher education programs as a pathway to enhancing digital skills among educators. By examining the current state of digital skills in teacher education, analysing various methods for incorporating TPACK, and investigating the educational implications of this integration, we aim to provide a comprehensive understanding of how TPACK can revolutionize teacher preparation and, consequently, improve educational outcomes.

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TPACK, Teacher Education, Digital skills

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The persistent issue of marine litter represents a significant environmental challenge, endangering aquatic life and disrupting ecosystems. Traditional monitoring methods, which rely on manual identification, are both time-intensive and resource-demanding. To address these limitations, advanced computer vision techniques such as YOLOv8 (You Only Look Once) offer a promising solution. This research explores the implementation of YOLOv8 for real-time marine debris detection, emphasizing its precision, speed, and efficiency. By leveraging publicly available datasets and employing transfer learning, this study provides a robust framework for automating marine garbage detection, thus contributing to global conservation efforts.

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- YOLOv8, marine garbage detection, deep learning, computer vision, environmental sustainability

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Abstract: This article explores the intricate use of animation techniques in the cherished animated television series "Ice Age." This study investigates, via a thorough examination, the ways in which basic animation concepts support the production, character development, and visual storytelling of the "Ice Age" universe. Through a close analysis of individual scenes and character interactions from the whole series, this study clarifies how well certain animation approaches work to portray emotions, improve comedic timing, and increase viewer engagement. In addition, this research highlights the animators' technical proficiency and creative inventiveness in bringing iconic characters like Manny, Sid, Diego, and Scrat to life, all the while skillfully fusing these ideas to produce a seamless and engaging animated production. Through this investigation, the creativity and workmanship of "Ice Age" are better understood, shedding light on the legendary cartoon series' enduring appeal and cultural relevance.

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Keywords- Principles of Animation, Artificial Intelligence, Film, Movie, Movie Series, Ice Age, Characters, Computer Graphics, Digital Film Making, Blue sky studios, 20th century Fox Animation, Manny, Sid, Diego, Scrat.

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Feminism has significantly influenced legal systems worldwide, advocating for gender equality and challenging entrenched patriarchy. However, the movement has faced criticism and misinterpretations, leading to debates over its true intent and impact. This paper examines how feminism and law have been misunderstood, particularly the concepts of equality and equity, which lie at the heart of feminist theory. By exploring these principles, the paper seeks to clarify the genuine essence of feminism and its role in promoting a just and equitable society, with an emphasis on both domestic and international legal frameworks, including key international agreements, conventions, and treaties.

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Feminism; Gender Equality; Equity vs. Equality; Legal Framework; Misconceptions

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This work presents the development of an AI-based image translation web application designed to recognize objects within an image and provide translations in Hindi, English, and Kannada. The system integrates advanced computer vision and natural language processing techniques to deliver accurate and real-time translations. Object detection is carried out by YOLOv5s (You Only Look Once version 5 Small) which is an extremely effective deep learning model developed for real-time object identification. OpenCV applies its power for operations such as image preprocessing- image resizing, normalization, and noise reduction, ensuring high-quality inputs for the model. The system utilizes TensorFlow for processing in neural networks and PyTorch for training and fine-tuning the deep learning models involved in object recognition. To enhance its functionality, the application also employs Tesseract OCR (Optical Character Recognition) to get the text from images that shall be translated into the selected languages. With a user-friendly interface, users can upload images and receive immediate translations of recognized objects and text in Hindi, English, or Kannada. This AI-powered image translation tool offers a practical solution for overcoming language barriers, benefiting diverse user groups in fields such as education, travel, and everyday communication.

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AI-based Translation, Object Detection (YOLOv5s), Deep Learning, Optical Character Recognition (OCR), Multilingual Translation.

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With the onset of COVID-19 the plight of labourers has seen many suns .This has also adversely affected the scenario of development in all walks of human life.In this paper the famous novel Godaan by Munshi Premchand has been thoroughly studied with emphasis to migrant labourers of colonial India.Issues like poverty, development, culture adoption and conflict has been studied. India has seen many phases of development. However,The balance of rich and poor has always striked disparity today and in the then colonial India.In this paper study of the migration of labourers to cities and their transforming life styles with the urbaners has been delved into .Also how developed was India then and how at ease or troubled were the migrant workers.Keeping this viewpoint of socio-cultural conflict with the city dwellers and their own alike the paper attempts to reopen the cause of disparity and at the same time their development in the slowly urbanizing world

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development, socio cultural and economic impact, disparity, migrant labourer

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Like its culture, India's flora is diverse and rich. In every way, plants are wonderful and helpful to us. Life on Earth would not be feasible without plants. Although certain plants are deadly by nature, flowers and plants are frequently employed as ornaments to decorate homes. Gorgeous flora and flowers may be poisonous. Rural residents who rely on their gardens and forms for sustenance may be poisoned. Numerous hazardous plant species from several plant groups have been identified. Seeds, roots, fruits, stems, tubers, bulbs, and even the whole plant have been identified as the most dangerous portions of hazardous plants. Alkaloids, glycosides, minerals, oxalate, photosensitizing compounds, toxic polypeptides, or amines may all contribute to a plant's poisonous character.

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Poisonous plants, Toxic Chemicals, Toxins, Medicinal uses.

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N.T Rama Rao is well known to Telugu people as the leading figure in the Telugu film industry for three decades. He founded the Telugu Desam Party (TDP) at the age of 60 years. He defeated in his first attempt Indira Gandhi lead Congress-I party in 1983 elections. He formulated cheap rice policy by which he as famous in the eyes of A.P people, and also fixed rate Two rupees kilo rice limited 25 kilos per month each family. He introduced pension scheme for disabled, widows, old age people and women's right from family property. Apart from increasing power generation, he provided electric motor facilities to every farmer along with the development of the industrial sector, so that employment opportunities have been increased. He make special laws have allocated funds for the development of women. He established women's universities, colleges, schools were set up Padmavati Mahila Visvavidayalam, Tirupati. NTR government is credited with bringing the governance system at door steps of the people at the block level to mandal levels appointing village administrative employees through merit system. He introduced Special Teachers per month salary of Rs.398/- later, they were promoted on Regular Teachers, it is a wonderful, extraordinary recruitment. NTR efforts to eliminate corruption are commendable. He was the leader who brought political consciousness to the people for their development. He implemented all kinds of welfare schemes including free education and free medical care. So Andhra people called NTR as Anna (Brother). He is the only political executive encourage people's participation.

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Telugudasam Party, Andhra Pradesh

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The market system is an invention of civilization. The nature of markets was different in the past from what it is today because villages are now self-sufficient. Foreign traders introduced new goods to the market during the Middle Ages, and at the same time, money evolved into a means of exchanging goods. The market and marketing system have undergone significant changes since then. Market places are the unit of space and a variety of activities related to the distribution of commodities that customers need. The word "market" has a lot of different meanings. It designates the location of commercial exchange and relates to a physical area for geographers. According to Bromley (1971), an economist views a "market" as a distinct entity with its own set of regulations

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Goods, Market, Civilization, Regulations, Survival

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Cloud computing in simple term is renting your data storage, applications and other computing services over the internet.

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Cloud Computing, data breach, solution

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A slum is defined as an area unfit for human habitation because of dilapidated buildings, overcrowding, faulty arrangement and design of buildings, narrowness or faulty arrangement of streets, lack of ventilation, light or sanitation facilities or any other combination of these factors, as per the Slum Areas Improvement and Clearance Act 1956. A slum is defined by World Bank as a group of individuals living under the same roof, lacking one or more of the basic necessities. Resettlement of urban poor from slums to affordable good quality housing through various schemes is one of the important measures taken by the Government to mitigate urban poverty and improve their livelihood and earning potential. Sustainable Development Goal 11, inter alia, aims to, "By 2030, ensure access for all to adequate, safe and affordable housing and basic services and upgrade urban poor habitations". There are over 1.7 lakh storied tenements constructed in Tamil Nadu for resettlement of urban poor. This study aims at taking a look at the factors that affect the quality of life of the resettled urban poor, including access to public transport, awareness of Government schemes, access to sports facilities, placement opportunities and having shops within tenements. A convenience sample of 108 residents of a storied tenement in Chennai were randomly selected as the sample for study and descriptive research design was used to gather primary data for analysis. Percentage analysis, mean scores and anova were used to analyse the results and arrive at conclusions about what factors were perceived as the most impactful for their overall socioeconomic wellbeing - encompassing their quality of life, livelihood and earning potential of resettled urban poor.

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Resettled urban policy, socioeconomic impact poor in chennai

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As India strides towards becoming a global economic powerhouse, the significance of robust dispute resolution mechanisms cannot be overstated. Arbitration and mediation have emerged as indispensable tools for dispute resolution in the modern era, offering parties a flexible, efficient, and confidential alternative to traditional litigation. In recent years, India has made significant strides in establishing itself as a key player in the global arbitration and mediation landscape. However, to truly elevate India as a hub for these practices, there is a pressing need to chart a course for the future that encompasses both domestic reforms and international engagement. This abstract explores the trajectory of arbitration and mediation in India, examining the challenges, opportunities, and strategies for advancement. It delves into the legal reforms undertaken by India to create a conducive environment for ADR, such as amendments to arbitration laws and the introduction of specialized mediation legislation. It also highlights the burgeoning infrastructure supporting ADR, including the establishment of state-of-the-art arbitration centres and mediation facilities. The importance of investing in training and education to enhance the skills and expertise of arbitrators, mediators, and legal professionals in India. It underscores the role of international collaboration and recognition in elevating India's status as an ADR hub, showcasing successful partnerships with global ADR organizations and efforts to align Indian practices with international standards. It explores innovative approaches to ADR, such as the integration of technology and online dispute resolution platforms, to improve accessibility, efficiency, and transparency. This paper also examines the cultural shift towards embracing ADR as a preferred method for resolving disputes in India and highlighting awareness campaigns.

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 Keywords

India, arbitration, mediation, alternative dispute resolution, legal reforms, infrastructure development, international collaboration, technological innovation, cultural transformation, dispute resolution, future prospects

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 Abstract

Feminine psyche constitutes a major part of Anita Desai's fictional material. Women writers of all ages have a natural preference for writing about women characters. Anita Desai is no exception in so far as she has written, by and large, about women characters; and no wonder, most of her novels move around women characters. By 'Psyche' Jung means: "Not only what we generally call 'soul' but the totality of all psychic processes, conscious as well as unconscious, hence something broader and more comprehensive than the soul". To understand 'Feminine', just as we cannot confuse female and feminist, we also cannot presume that anything and everything written by women, will be 'feminine'. To quote Toril Moi: "It has long been an established practice among most feminists to use 'Feminine' (and Masculine) to represent social constructs . . . and to reserve 'Female' and 'Male' for the purely biological aspects of sexual difference. Thus, 'feminine' represents nurture, and 'female' - nature in this usage . . . Seen in this perspective, patriarchal oppression consists of imposing certain social standards of femininity on all biological women in order precisely to make us believe that the chosen standards for 'femininity' are natural. Thus a woman who refuses to conform can be labelled both unfeminine and unnatural . . . Patriarchy, in other words, wants us to believe that there is such a thing as an essence of femaleness, called femininity. Feminists must therefore always insist that though women undoubtedly are female, this in no way guarantees that they will be feminine".

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Faminist, Physche,Gender,Stigma

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition