Volume 12 | Issue 12

 Abstract

Abstract The present study is focused on perception and satisfactory level of beneficiaries of Government schemes of unorganized sector were collected for financial inclusion. Empirical data from 704 women respondents in Mysore District. Five Government Schemes of such as PMJDY, APY, PMJJBY, PMSYM and SSY were selected for the study with nine perceptual factors and Ten satisfaction factors. The result proved that there is positive correlation between perceptual factor and satisfaction Level of respondents in availing benefits of financial inclusion through selected Government schemes of unorganized sector in Mysore District.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Key words: Government Schemes, Financial Inclusion perception, Satisfaction.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Market research plays a pivotal role in entrepreneurial success. It gives businesses the insights to align their products and services with consumer demand, identify emerging market opportunities, and reduce business risks. This paper explores various market research strategies entrepreneurs employ, ranging from traditional methods such as primary and secondary research to more modern data-driven approaches enabled by advanced technologies. It delves into how these strategies are employed across different industries and business sizes, emphasizing the growing role of big data, artificial intelligence (AI), and social media analytics in shaping contemporary market research practices. As the business landscape becomes increasingly dynamic, entrepreneurs must adapt their research methodologies to stay competitive in fast-changing markets. Through examining case studies and theoretical frameworks, this paper evaluates the effectiveness of different market research approaches, highlighting their impact on decision-making, product development, and business growth. The analysis further explores how entrepreneurs leverage new tools and techniques to understand better consumer behaviour, forecast market trends, and gain insights into competitor strategies. In addition, the paper investigates the challenges entrepreneurs face when conducting market research, including resource constraints, data overload, and the risk of bias, and offers practical solutions for overcoming these obstacles. By synthesizing theoretical perspectives with practical applications, this paper provides valuable guidance for entrepreneurs looking to enhance their market research strategies, ultimately contributing to sustainable business growth and innovation in the modern marketplace.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Entrepreneurship, market research, business strategies, consumer behaviour, innovation.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Railroad infrastructure is crucial for transportation safety and efficiency, with defects like cracks, misalignments, and wear posing serious risks. While traditional manual inspections are labor-intensive and prone to error, machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) techniques offer automated, accurate solutions. In contrast, deep learning models, particularly Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) like VGG16, ResNet50, and InceptionV3, autonomously extract features from raw data, improving defect detection. Semantic segmentation with models like VGG16 and InceptionV3 enables precise defect localization. Transfer learning and synthetic data generation address challenges such as limited datasets and complex environments. Despite progress, issues like imbalanced datasets and real-time deployment persist, but integration of transfer learning offer solutions to improve operational safety and accuracy. Comparative analysis reveals that VGG16 outperforms ResNet50 and InceptionV3, achieving the highest accuracy of 91.64%, followed by ResNet50 (89.46%) and InceptionV3 (81.26%).

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Rail Track Defect, Anomaly Detection, Deep Learning, Artificial Neural Network, Convolutional Neural Network.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Context: The frozen shoulder is a common cause of shoulder pain and decrease in range of motion. Patients with Adhesive capsulitis have difficulties in everyday activities (dressing, grooming, and performing overhead reaching activities and so on for a period of several months to several years) and shoulder pain disturbing sleep at night on the affected side. Most patients slowly improve over 12 to 24 months. Some have prolonged loss of movement, pain, and associated disability. Various treatments options include physiotherapy, corticosteroid injections, and manipulation etc... Clinical trials of these treatments have produced conflicting results. So, the aim of the study is to focus on ultrasound with and without spencer muscle energy technique on functional disability among peri-arthritis shoulder. Most of the study focused on the treatment duration of 3 to 4 months for peri-arthritis shoulder. The novelty of this study is to know the effectiveness of spencer muscle energy technique on ROM and Functional disability with the short duration of 4 weeks among patient with peri-arthritis shoulder. Settings and Design: 80 patient were selected based on selection criteria and they were divided in to two group pre- test score were taken using SPADI and GONIOMETER and then Group A gets (Intervention) spencer muscle energy technique along with ultra sound and then group B gets (control) ultra sound for a period of 4 week and at the end of last session post - test of functional disability score using (SPADI) and range of motion score using (GONIOMETER) were taken. Result: The results of this study show significant improvement in spencer muscle energy technique with ultrasound therapy Group A much better than the ultrasound therapy Group B among peri arthritis shoulder.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Ultrasound, Spencer Muscle Energy Technique, Peri Arthritis Shoulder

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

In my previous research paper, I identified an opportunity to promote natural ventilation that increases IEQ and energy efficiency for libraries that have high occupancy duration by their users. Examples using information gathered through CFD analysis and real-time monitoring are used to illustrate how passive design solutions can effectively minimize artificial cooling requirements while maintaining thermal comfort. Recommendations focus on user-centric features, including climate adaptation features, such as adopting mixed-flow and forced ventilation systems where noise, dust and fluctuating climates can be problematic. In this research paper, I will describe the types of natural ventilation, materials used in designing and their properties, and sun path and direction for the same topic as my previous research paper which I will apply in my library design to improve the use of natural ventilation in the library.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

1. Cross ventilation 2. Single-sided ventilation 3. Stack ventilation 4. Terracotta 5. Laminated glass and tinted sheet 6. Sun path and direction 7. Acoustic

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Abstract: The lotus, a flower known for its beauty and serenity, has a deep cultural and spiritual significance that is very unique in the art and symbolism of India and Sri Lanka. This research explores the historical evolution and symbolic meanings of the lotus within these two cultures, where the flower is intricately tied to religious, artistic, and philosophical traditions. In Hinduism and Buddhism, the lotus flower is associated with divinity and spiritual purity, and is often depicted meaningfully in religious texts and iconography. Its influence extends to temple-related architecture, sculptures, and paintings, which not only have an aesthetic meaning but also represent deep spiritual beliefs. The lotus serves as a bridge connecting the material and spiritual worlds and symbolizes enlightenment and the journey to transcendence. By examining religious scriptures, temple structures, and artistic expressions, this paper traces the lotus's enduring presence in the cultural fabric of India and Sri Lanka. Through an analysis of its symbolic representation, the study underscores the lotus's central role in shaping the spiritual and aesthetic values of these civilizations. The research highlights the interconnectedness of art, religion, and philosophy in understanding the lotus's significance, offering new insights into how a simple flower became a potent symbol of spiritual and artistic expression in these regions.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Keywords: Lotus symbolism, Hinduism and lotus, Buddhism and lotus, religious iconography, Spiritual symbolism, Aesthetic ideals, Cultural significance of lotus, Indian and Sri Lankan culture

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The Concrete-Representational-Abstract (CRA) method of teaching mathematics material has had remarkable success in primary education. With the correct assistance of their teachers, beginners can understand the concepts they are studying. Making significant linkages between concrete, symbolic, and abstract levels of thinking is a conceptually supported field of study. CRA is a research-based intervention that recommends math lessons that improve kids' numeracy and mathematical attitudes. This method's requirement for a set order of tasks creates a distinctive learning environment with several advantages for lower-level teachers and students. This study was created to assess how well the CRA technique is used in numeracy, particularly when estimating and computing whole numbers. The students' work was evaluated as part of a pre-survey to determine how well they understood the course material and how they felt about their capacity to retain it. The student responses were compared to their pre-survey replies after a CRA activity to see if there had been any changes in the students' understanding of tangency and how effectively they could follow the activity. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the viability and efficacy of applying the CRA approach to numeracy.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

CRA, FLN, Numeracy

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Individualized career guidance becomes a very difficult task with the rapid changes going on in various industries as well as in the field of career opportunities. Traditional career counselling methods lack depth and flexibility to cater to students and professionals based on different types of personalization through aspirations, abilities, experience, and market trends. Thus, we offer the development of an AI-Enhanced Career Guidance System based on fine-tuned Large Language Models (LLMs) and Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) to make advice extremely personal but very actionable on the basis of career paths. User inputs such as domain preference, career expectations, location, salary range, experience level, technological skills, education background, aptitude scores, and awareness of current trends are captured in the system. The information is then matched to channel enhanced fine-tuning of LLMs for career guidance tasks; it can give tailored recommendations for three suggested job roles (from which the specific end-user can select) along with detailed guidelines for career progression. To enhance accuracy and the ability to dominate context, a RAG framework features in it, thus allowing the model to retrieve and append latest industry information, related trends, and thereby offer "live," or near real-time recommendations. This enables the evaluation of potential gaps in skills and what targeted learning can be used to bridge these gaps in future pathways. It accommodates everyone from fresh students who want to jump into their careers to those who are bringing new directions or advancements with their already professional lives. The proposed system aligns individual strengths, aspirations, and market demands to enable better satisfaction with the professional world, improved outcomes of progress in that world, and scalable, adaptable applicability over diverse educational and professional contexts. The present work demonstrates how powerful AI-based systems can be in transforming the face of career counselling by providing customized, data-driven insights that keep pace with industry and individual profiles over time.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

AI-powered career guidance, personalized career pathways, fine-tuned LLMs, Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG), skill gap analysis, career progression recommendations

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Abstract In today's rapidly evolving technological landscape, dynamic market conditions, and increasing global uncertainties, traditional management models fall short in addressing organizational complexities. This paper introduces a novel approach, Adaptive Leadership for Organizational Resilience, which synthesizes insights from systems thinking, complexity science, and leadership theory. The adaptive leadership model prioritizes decentralized decision-making, continuous learning, and the development of emotional intelligence across all organizational levels. By analyzing case studies and empirical evidence, the paper highlights how adaptive leadership empowers teams, fosters innovation, and cultivates a resilient organizational culture. The findings underscore that organizations adopting this approach are better prepared to navigate crises, maintain long-term performance, and thrive in an ever-changing environment.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

KEY WORDS Strategic Leadership | Organizational Resilience | Adaptive Decision-Making | Market Disruptions | Leadership in Crisis | Organizational Agility | Innovation Management | Change Management | Decentralized Decision-Making | Crisis Response | Adaptive Leadership | Resilience Strategies | Organizational Adaptability | Disruption Management | Strategic Adaptation | Continuous Learning

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

In this thesis, a thorough modeling framework is presented for the purpose of optimizing the functioning of a microgrid that is integrated with electric vehicles (EVs) and load profiles that are responsive. Because of the growing incorporation of electric vehicles and renewable energy sources into the power grid, it is essential to manage energy resources in an effective manner in order to improve grid stability, lower operational costs, and guarantee the utilization of energy in a sustainable manner. Demand-side management tactics, optimizing energy storage, and the dynamic charging and discharging of electric vehicles are all incorporated into the framework that has been presented. This framework also takes into account the unpredictability of load demand and the generation of renewable energy. The model seeks to minimize energy expenditures and maximize the use of renewable energy while ensuring system reliability by utilizing advanced optimization techniques such as mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) and machine learning algorithms. These techniques are utilized in order to reduce the overall cost of energy. It is possible for the microgrid to adjust to fluctuating energy demands thanks to the incorporation of responsive load profiles, which in turn promotes efficient energy utilization. In order to illustrate the usefulness of the framework in terms of enhancing operational efficiency, lowering grid dependency, and offering economic and environmental benefits, simulation results from case studies have been shown to be beneficial. The findings of this study contribute to the creation of micro grids that are both sustainable and intelligent, and that are able to manage the complexities of current energy systems in the presence of electric vehicles and dynamic load behaviors'.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Abstract: This research article analyses whether therapeutic toys are affordable as well as effective traditional human therapy in helping children with emotional and psychological needs. The research aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the benefits and limitations of using therapeutic toys as a viable alternative to traditional therapy. By examining factors such as effectiveness, affordability, and accessibility. This study has shed light on whether therapeutic toys are a valuable addition to existing therapeutic practices. Additionally, a holistic data collection method employed to gather relevant information, which concludes the importance of therapeutic toys and its affordance in therapy carefully analyzed to draw well-informed conclusions.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Therapy, Children's well-being, Affordability

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Software Defined Networking (SDN) introduces a modern approach to networking by separating the control and data planes, providing a centralized view of the network for better management and adaptability. However, this centralized architecture makes the controller a prime target for security threats, particularly Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks, which can flood the system and disrupt legitimate user access. To address this challenge, we present a hybrid machine learning approach that leverages Neural Networks and Ensemble Methods for detecting and mitigating DDoS attacks. The proposed model demonstrates superior performance in terms of accuracy, detection rate, and false alarm reduction compared to traditional machine learning techniques.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Software Defined Networking, Machine Learning, DDoS Detection, Neural Networks, Ensemble Techniques, Voting Classifier, Stacking Classifier

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Tobacco smokingis one of theleadingcauses of disease burden around the globe. Based on current trends, it is estimated that tobacco smoking will account for 8.4 million premature deaths each year by 2020 (a180% increase from 1999). Tobacco is the leading cause of preventable cancers. WHO estimated around 1.27 billion tobacco users world-wide. Tobacco consumption alone accounts for nearly 5.4 million deaths per year and one billion people may die in this century if global tobacco consumption remained at the current levels. The aim of the study was to assess the effectiveness of structured teaching program on knowledge regarding health hazards of nicotine dependence among security guards after intervention. Methods : Quasi-experimental non randomized control group design was used to evaluate Effectiveness of structured teaching program on knowledge regarding health hazards of nicotine dependence among security guards working in selected tertiary care hospital of the city. The structured questionnaire was prepared and tested for reliability and validity. The data collection was carried out in three phases and the data was analysed by using the descriptive and inferential statistics. Result : The study result depicted that in pre test level of knowledge in experimental group was majority 55% having poor knowledge (0-8) and 45% having average knowledge(9-17). The overall mean is 9.3+- 2.93. In experimental group the post test regarding health hazards of nicotine dependence among security guards was majority 52.5 % was having average knowledge(9-17) and 47.5 % was having good knowledge(18-25). The overall mean is 16.1+- 2.95. In pre test level of knowledge in control group regarding health hazards of nicotine dependence among security guards was majority 67.5 % was having poor knowledge(0-8) and 32.5% was having average knowledge(9-17). The overall mean is 8.7+- 1.64. In control group the post test of knowledge regarding health hazards of nicotine dependence among security guards. Majority 65% was having poor knowledge(0-8) and 35 % was having average knowledge (9-17). The overall mean is 8.7+- 1.65. Conclusion : The study was concluded that the structured teaching program have significant improvement in knowledge about health hazards of nicotine dependence among security guards working in selected tertiary care hospital of the city .Knowledge score in post-test was significantly high as compared to that in pre-test in both control and experimental group . It is evident that the knowledge among security guards regarding health hazards of nicotine dependence improved significantly after structured teaching program

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Structured teaching program, health hazards, nicotine dependence and security guards

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Investigation of the Role of AI in Enhancing Accessibility Tools for Special Needs Children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are a group of complex neurodevelopment conditions characterized by a range of symptoms and challenges related to social interaction, communication, and behavior. Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is characterized by a wide range of symptoms and behaviors that can vary from one individual to another. However, there are some common characteristics associated with autism. It's important to note that not all individuals with autism will exhibit all of these characteristics, and the severity and combination of these traits can vary significantly.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Autism

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

: Advertisements play a crucial role in generating consumer demand for health care products. Every company wants to capture the market and shape consumers. All companies make significant efforts to create attractive advertisements. Organizations always want to create a positive impact in consumers' minds through advertisements. This study elucidates the positive influence it has on consumer buying behavior. We used descriptive research and convenience sampling for this study. 586 participants participated in this study. We collected data using a 5-point Likert scale. Hierarchical clustering and KMeans clustering were employed to analyse the data. This study demonstrated the positive influence of advertisements on consumers' purchasing behavior, particularly in relation to various age groups, genders, income levels, occupations, and educational backgrounds. Future managers can use this study to craft advertisements that positively attract customers and motivate them to purchase products.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Healthcare product's advertisements, positive impact, purchasing behaviour.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The paper aims to draw attention to the gaps between policy and practice in the discourse on international migration and its connection with development. It argues that a significant reason for the limited development impact of migration is the restrictive immigration policies of major destination countries, particularly concerning low-skilled migrant workers from developing nations. The paper explores the implications of this 'closed door policy,' including the denial of labor demand, the increase in irregular migration, the exploitation and violation of rights of migrant workers, and the accelerated brain drain from developing countries. While temporary migration policies for low-skilled labor are being emphasized, the paper notes that actual achievements on the ground have been limited. The progress toward establishing a global migration regime that can effectively address these issues has also been slow, despite various consultative forums. The paper concludes by highlighting the urgent need for fresh approaches and bold initiatives to promote international labor mobility for the benefit of the global community. It suggests that the current policies are hindering the potential positive impact of migration on development and calls for a reevaluation of these approaches.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Migration, Rights, Global Economy, Skill, Brain-Drain

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The effects of triazole treatments on the non-enzymatic antioxidant and proline metabolizing enzymes of Solanum tuberosum (Potato) was researched in the study. The triazole compounds namely Triadimefon (TDM) 15mg l-1, Tebuconazole (TBZ) 10mg l-1 and Propiconazole (PCZ) 15 mg l-1 was given to plants by soil drenching 30, 40 and 50 days after sowing (DAS). From 30 DAS the plants were subjected to 4 days interval drought (DID) stress and drought with triazole compounds and one day interval irrigation was kept in control. The plants were uprooted on 40, 50 and 60 DAS separated into root, stem and leaf for estimating the pigment and proline contents. Individual and combined drought stress and triazole treatments increased photosynthetic pigments like chlorophyll a, b and total and biochemical content like amino acid and proline when compared to control.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Triazole, Potato, Triadimefon, Tebuconazole, Propiconazole, Drought.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Student performance prediction using machine learning has emerged as a crucial tool for enhancing educational outcomes. By analyzing historical academic data, attendance, and engagement patterns, machine learning models accurately forecast student success and identify those at risk of underperformance. This enables educators to implement timely, targeted interventions, fostering improved learning experiences. Key components include data preprocessing, predictive modeling, and insightful visualizations, ensuring actionable results. The approach demonstrates scalability and adaptability across diverse educational environments while addressing challenges like data quality and privacy. This study highlights the transformative potential of predictive analytics in driving personalized education and informed decision-making.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Student performance prediction, machine learning, predictive analytics, educational outcomes, personalized learning, data-driven insights, academic success, intervention strategies.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The representation of children and childhood in cinema has become a central point in the discourse on children's films. As discussed by Bazalgette and Staples (1995), the term "children's films" can either refer to films that feature children and are intended for a general audience, or to films that are explicitly made for a younger demographic. Despite the state-controlled narratives discussed later in this paper, a new trend is visible in Indian cinema, where portrayals of children and families deviate from traditional depictions. The emergence of disharmonious parent-child relationships and single-parent households in Indian films indicates a significant shift in the portrayal of family dynamics. This evolution suggests a changing perception of what constitutes an "ideal" Indian family, and may also challenge the dominant national identity discourse. Additionally, these films highlight the persistent issues faced by many children in Indian society, questioning the traditional roles assigned to children and families.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Cinema, Portrayal, Children, India, Hindi

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition