Volume 12 | Issue 12

 Abstract

Semiconductor is the foundation of growth of almost all the economies in the world. Modern equipment and sectors like Aerospace, Automobiles, Communication, Energy, Medical devices, Information Technology, Digital Infrastructure and all the electronic devices are built on semiconductor-based chips. The Semiconductor industry will have tremendous impact on economic growth and development, technological advancements and in creating multiple job avenues for a country. Taiwan, South Korea, Japan, the United States of America, and China are currently the top producers of semiconductor chips and electronics. Regarding versatile applications of Semiconductor-based fields and their impact on sustainable development, the Semiconductor Industry also has a great potential in India. The demand for global semiconductor chip requirements is far more than its supply. India does not yet have its own semiconductor manufacturing and fabrication facility and is importing a significant quantity of microchips from other countries. With prodigious expectations India's proposed Semiconductor Industry is a key part of the vision for Viksit Bharat by 2047. India will play a role primarily in the design, assembling, testing, and packaging of semiconductors. Government of India is now initiating various programs such as the Production Linked Incentive (PLI) scheme, the Design Linked Incentive (DLI) scheme and others to make the project a successful one. But when it comes to fabrication, India's projected semiconductor industry may face many challenges like substantial capital investment, skilled manpower, ability to face robust competitors. However, effective implementation of the schemes and strong leadership will create a good ecosystem for the Semiconductor Industry in India through which India will become a global leader and superpower of the world soon.

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Semiconductor Industry, Viksit Bharat 2047, Production Linked Incentive, Global Leader

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Jharkhand is the 28th state of India, created on November 15, 2000, by separating it from Bihar. Despite its abundance of mineral resources, it lacks adequate industrial infrastructure and modern agricultural techniques, resulting in unemployment and poverty. Rural areas, particularly, face challenges such as job scarcity and poverty, further exacerbated by inadequate support for farmers. The state and central governments have launched several schemes aimed at improving the economic and social status of women in Jharkhand. However, despite these efforts, women's condition remains unsatisfactory. One of these initiatives is the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme (MANREGA), introduced on February 2, 2006, which targets economic and social development in rural areas. The study examines the scheme's impact on women in Bokaro and Ramgarh districts, highlighting challenges and offering recommendations for improving its implementation.

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Jharkhand, MANREGA, Employment, Agriculture, Women, Economic and Social Roles

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This study examines the effectiveness of antidumping measures in protecting Indian industries from unfair competition in international trade. It explores the historical evolution of antidumping policies, their implementation, and their impact on key sectors such as steel and textiles. By analysing case studies, statistical data, and policy frameworks, the research identifies both the benefits and limitations of these measures. The findings highlight the critical role of antidumping regulations in promoting fair competition, ensuring economic stability, and fostering sustainable industrial growth. However, challenges such as dependency on protection and administrative complexities are also discussed. The study concludes by emphasizing the need for a balanced approach to maximize the long-term benefits of antidumping measures for India's economy.

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Antidumping measures, Indian industries, international trade, WTO, economic protection, trade policy, market stability.

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Background: Fissure in ano, a highly painful condition among ano rectal disorders, disproportionately affects individuals despite its relatively small lesion size. The prevailing sedentary lifestyle and diet lacking fibre, coupled with excessive spice consumption, have led to a surge in constipation and subsequently, an increased incidence of Parikartika.Given the rising prevalence, it is imperative to identify an effective treatment for Parikartika that facilitates rapid healing of the fissure and prevents recurrence. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of Nimbapatra taila and Yashtimadhu taila pichu in the treatment of Parikartika (Fissure in ano). Materials and Methods: This comparative trial enrolled 44 patients of either sex, with clinical evidence of Fissure in ano. Patients were randomized into two groups of 22 each, designated as Group A and Group B. Patients in Group A received Nimbapatra taila pichu for 21 days, while those in Group B received Yashtimadhu taila pichu for 21 days. Results: The treatment modalities of Nimbapatra taila pichu and Yashtimadhu taila pichu demonstrated equal efficacy in treating Parikartika. Both treatments showed highly significant effects on subjective parameters such as Pain, Burning sensation, Bleeding per Rectum as well as objective parameters like Sphincter spasm, Ulcer and Tenderness in anal region. Conclusion: Clinically, both treatment groups exhibited significant improvement, with only marginal differences between them. Both groups showed significant results in all parameters, and statistical comparison revealed no significant difference between the two groups.

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Key words: Fissure-in-ano; Pichu; Parikartika; Nimbapatra taila; Yashtimadhu taila.

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KEY WORDS: Effectiveness; Awareness program; Polycystic Ovarian Disease; Knowledge; College students.

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Climate change, Adaptation, Agriculture, Global warming, Acid Rain

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Quadratic equations, a fundamental mathematical concept, play a vital role in agricultural planning and optimization. This paper explores their applications in areas such as determining crop yield, optimizing land use, and predicting cost-profit relationships. By applying mathematical modeling, quadratic equations help farmers make informed decisions to increase efficiency and productivity. Practical examples, case studies, and graphical representations demonstrate the utility of this approach in modern agriculture.

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Quadratic Equations, Agriculture, Crop Yield, Optimization, Mathematical Modeling

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Vespa velutina, Apis mellifera, Seasonal variation, Predatory behaviour

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Water scarcity poses a critical challenge in urban households, necessitating efficient water management systems. This paper introduces a comprehensive IoT-enabled solution for real-time water monitoring, leveraging smart sensors and predictive analytics to enhance water sustainability. The proposed system employs a flow sensor to track daily water usage and a Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) sensor to assess water quality, ensuring both quantity and quality are monitored effectively. Utilizing an ESP32 microcontroller, the system seamlessly transmits data to a cloud platform for advanced processing and visualization. A web application, developed using Web development languages, serves as the user interface, enabling households to monitor water consumption trends, predict water availability, and receive notifications when water level goes below the threshold level. Additional features include actionable insights for water conservation and an option to pre-book water tankers, promoting responsible water usage and ensuring uninterrupted supply. This innovative system integrates predictive analytics with real-time tracking to address the pressing need for sustainable water management. It not only offers households the convenience of managing water resources efficiently but also supports conservation efforts by raising awareness about usage patterns and water quality

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Water Management, IoT, Smart Sensors, Water Quality, Web Application

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Basti Karma (enema therapy) is considered as integral component of the treatment protocol in professional practice and known as Ardha Chikista or Poorna Chikitsa in Kaya Chikitsa. This practice aims to cleanse the colon, remove toxins, and restore balance in the body according to Ayurvedic principles. The physiology of Basti Karma revolves around several mechanisms, including the action of Basti may be because of endocolonic action, encolonic action and diacolonic action. The influence of Basti over body can be studied under the broad headings of action based on its Veerya, action over Pakwashaya, action over Dosha, and action over Dhatu, Absorption mechanism, Colon cleansing and excretory function, On the basis of microbiome gut brain axis, Through enteric nervous system, System biology theory. Through an in-depth exploration of the physiological mechanisms, this article elucidates how Basti Karma influences overall equilibrium of the body. By unravelling the intricate connections between Basti Karma and body's physiological dynamics, this article contributes to a comprehensive understanding of Ayurvedic principles and their applications in contemporary healthcare.

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KEYWORDS: Basti, Physiology, Action, Karmukata,

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The present work has been undertaken with the aim to determine the antifungal and antibacterial activity of dried extract obtained from the plant Piper nigrum. Two extracts of the Piper nigrum were prepared by Soxhlet extraction using ethanol and chloroform. Phytochemical screening of plant extracts showed the presence of alkaloids, glycosides, and carbohydrates. The work has also emphasized determining the antifungal activity of each plant extract against Candida albicans (fungi). Zone of inhibition of plant extracts with respect to three concentrations viz. 0.25 ?g/ml, 0.5 ?g/ml, and 1.0 ?g/ml have been done and the zone of inhibition were observed. Comparing the above three concentrations for anti-fungal activity 0.5?g/ml shows maximum activity for ethanolic extract of piper nigrum and 0.25 ?g/ml shows maximum activity for chloroform extract of Piper nigrum. Zone of inhibition of plant extracts with respect to three concentrations viz. 0.25? g/ml, 0.5?g/ml, 1.0?g/ml were performed and the zone of inhibition was observed. Comparing the above three concentrations for anti-bacterial activity 0.5?g/ml shows maximum activity for ethanolic extract of Piper nigrum and ?g/ml shows maximum activity for chloroform extract of Piper nigrum. The result obtained were promising for the management of bacterial and fungal infections.

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Piper nigrum, Candida albicans; Esherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus; Antifungal activity; Anti-bacterial activity

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The mechanical properties of aluminum wire rods--such as conductivity, elongation, and ultimate tensile strength--play a vital role in various industrial applications. However, traditional methods for assessing these properties can be time-intensive and require complex experimental setups. To address this, our research introduces a predictive model powered by Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) to estimate these properties based on three key parameters: cooling temperature, casting speed, and rolling speed. By training the ANN model with an extensive dataset of experimental measurements, we were able to capture the intricate nonlinear relationships between the processing conditions and the resulting material properties. The model proved to be highly accurate and reliable in predicting conductivity, elongation, and tensile strength, offering a practical and efficient alternative to conventional testing methods. Adopting this predictive model in industrial settings has the potential to transform operations, improve efficiency, reduce costs, and streamline quality control. This study highlights the value of machine learning in metallurgy, opening the door to smarter and more automated manufacturing processes. Moving forward, we aim to refine the model further, expand the dataset to include a wider range of processing scenarios and integrate the model into real-time monitoring systems to optimize operational performance.

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Aluminum wire rod, Conductivity prediction Elongation, Ultimate tensile strength, Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs), Cooling temperature, Casting speedRolling speed, Metallurgical properties, Machine . learning. Predictive modeling, Industrial applications, Quality control.

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Mandalas, intricate geometric designs originating from Hinduism and Buddhism, hold deep significance as symbols of cosmic harmony and interconnectedness within the universe. They are primarily utilized for meditation and spiritual development, serving as powerful tools in Vajrayana Buddhism to illustrate impermanence through the meticulous creation and subsequent dissolution of sand mandalas. In Hinduism, mandalas symbolize the cosmic order and aid practitioners on the path towards self-realization. The spread of Buddhism along the Silk Road played a pivotal role in disseminating mandalas across Asia, where they became integral to various religious and cultural traditions, enriching their symbolism and spiritual importance. Rich in symbolic meaning, mandalas often incorporate elements such as the Eightfold Path, promoting mental clarity and facilitating spiritual awakening. They also play a significant role in Ayurvedic and Tibetan Medicine, symbolizing the harmonious balance of elements within both the human body and the universe, thus promoting holistic well-being. The selection of colors within mandalas is purposeful, chosen for their symbolic meanings and their potential to evoke specific emotional responses, thereby enhancing their effectiveness in meditation and spiritual practices. Beyond their spiritual roles, mandalas find applications in diverse fields including fashion, education, therapy, architecture, and personal development. Recent research has explored their integration into yoga products, which has been met with positive reception from consumers, indicating promising market potential. The mandalas continue to inspire spiritual growth, encourage artistic expression, and contribute to holistic health practices globally. Their enduring cultural relevance and versatility across various domains underscore their profound impact on human experience and well-being.

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Mandalas, Hinduism and Buddhism, Symbolize, Vajrayana Buddhism, Tibetan and Monks, Sand mandala, Yoga Product Development.

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Biophilic design, emphasizing the integration of natural elements into built environments, has gained prominence for its ability to enhance human well-being. This study explores the incorporation of greenery in art galleries, focusing on its impact on visitor well-being and artwork perception. By analyzing Bharat Bhavan in Bhopal and two other case studies--the Chichu Art Museum in Naoshima, Japan, and the Fondation Beyeler in Basel, Switzerland--this paper investigates how greenery influences spatial ambiance, visitor engagement, and artistic interpretation. A survey conducted among visitors to these spaces reveals insights into their emotional, cognitive, and sensory experiences. The findings aim to guide future design strategies for art galleries, bridging art and nature harmoniously.

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Biophilic Design, Greenery Integration, Art Galleries, Visitor Well-being, Artwork Perception, Cultural Spaces, Sustainable Design, Natural Elements, Indoor Greenery, Visitor Experience, Charles Correa, Bharat Bhavan, Chichu Art Museum, Fondation Beyeler, Nature and Art, Green Architecture, Environmental Sustainability, Human Psychology, Natural Light, Spatial Ambiance.

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Stroke is a dangerous medical disorder that occurs when blood flow to the brain is disrupted, resulting in neurological impairment. It is a big worldwide threat with serious health and economic implications. To solve this, researchers are developing automated stroke prediction algorithms, which would allow for early intervention and perhaps save lives. The number of people at risk for stroke is growing as the population ages, making precise and effective prediction systems increasingly critical. wo In a comparison examination with six well-known classifiers, the effectiveness of the proposed ML technique was explored in terms of metrics relating to both generalization capability and prediction accuracy. To give insight into the black-box machine learning models, we also studied two kinds of explainable techniques, namely SHAP and LIME, in this study. SHAP (Shapley Additive Explanations) and LIME (Local Interpretable Model-agnostic Explanations) are well-established and reliable approaches for explaining model decision making, particularly in the medical industry. The findings of the experiment revealed that more complicated models outperformed simpler ones, with the top model obtaining almost 91% accuracy and the other models achieving 83-91% accuracy. The proposed framework, which includes global and local explainable methodologies, can aid in standardizing complicated models and gaining insight into their decision-making, which can enhance stroke care and treatment.

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Stroke prediction, Explainable Machine Learning, SHAPE, LIME

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 Abstract

Human health has always been influenced by climate and weather. Climate change, together with other natural and human-made health stressors, threatens human health and well-being in numerous ways. Global warming also referred to as climate change is the observed rise in the average temperature of the Earth's climate system.1 According to the statistical reports, it is clearly evident that the prevalence of global warming is increasing average temperatures of the earth's atmosphere and oceans, largely driven by human activities such as fossil fuel combustion, deforestation and industrial processes. It is therefore important that we create opportunities to educate the future generation so that they are enable for taking appropriate preventive measures following energy saving practices. Quantitative approach was used to assess the effectiveness of structured teaching programme on knowledge regarding global warming and its effect on health among higher secondary students at a selected higher secondary school, at Jamshedpur Jharkhand. A pre experimental study with one group pre-test and one group post-test design was used. Non- probability convenience sampling technique was used to select 60 higher secondary students. Data collection was done using structured knowledge questionnaire. Study concluded that the pre-test knowledge of higher secondary students on global warming and its effect on health was low as the mean score obtained by the subject was 15.73 with standard deviation 3.17. On analysis of the results of the posttest knowledge of higher secondary students on global warming and its effect on health, the mean score obtained by the subject was 23.48 with calculated 't' value 22.9 which was higher than the table value 2.02 with 59 df at 0.05 level of significance. The study concluded that the structured teaching programme showed significant improvement in the understanding of higher secondary students on global warming and its effect on health.

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Effectiveness ,knowledge, STP, Global warming ,Effect, Health, Higher secondary students.

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Rabindranath Tagore's The Home and the World presents a profound exploration of the tension between nationalism and modernity, using allegory to examine the complexities of identity, politics, and social change in colonial India. The novel, set during the Swadeshi movement, reflects Tagore's critique of aggressive nationalism through the characters of Nikhil, Bimala, and Sandip, each symbolizing different facets of the national consciousness. Nikhil embodies rationality, moral responsibility, and a modern, liberal worldview, advocating for peaceful reform and individual freedom. In contrast, Sandip represents a radical, passionate nationalism driven by emotional fervor and self-interest, while Bimala, caught between the two men, illustrates the nation's struggle to reconcile tradition with modernity. Through these characters, Tagore delves into the ethical dilemmas of nationalistic zeal, highlighting the potential dangers of blind patriotism and the erosion of moral values. The allegorical elements of the novel serve to underscore the conflicts between spiritual ideals and political aspirations, tradition and progress, and personal freedom and collective identity, making The Home and the World a critical commentary on the challenges of forging a modern nation-state.

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Keywords: National consciousness, rationality, moral responsibility, ethical dilemmas, personal freedom, collective identity, modern nation-state.

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Social media represents a powerful shift in the educational arena, providing learners with flexible, engaging, and interactive opportunities for growth. While its adoption brings challenges, its potential to foster global connectivity, critical thinking, and self-directed learning makes it a cornerstone of modern education. As educators and researchers explore its applications, understanding the impacts and best practices for social media in education will remain central to its effective integration into learning environments. Researcher has delimited the study only to learners' perspective of online learning and that too only to explore new platforms. Content review and pilot study was done to explore the new educational arena. It is found that students' idea of educating themselves has expanded beyond classroom and many new platforms are being used to cultivate their holistic development. As long as we want to emphasis NEP based outcome based education it is our duty to follow these trends and make way for new teaching design which will incorporate blended mode in such a way so that students' novel explorations can find some voice and make them self-resilient.

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#SocialMedia #PlatformofEducation #BlendedMode #NewAgeEducationPlatform

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The mathematical field of graph theory examines the relationships between items represented by nodes and edges. Graph theory is used in social network analysis to describe and analyze social structures using graphs that reflect people and their relationships on social media sites like Face book and Twitter. The use of graph theory to social network analysis includes a number of components, such as determining communities, assessing centrality, identifying influence, and examining the spread of information. The application of graph theory to social media marketing will be examined in this essay.

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Graph, Social media, marketing

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The purpose of this paper is to review the literature on Total Productive Maintenance (TPM) and to present an overview of TPM implementation practices adopted by the manufacturing organizations.

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Introduction, Challenge of maintenance function, Detailed literature review of total productive maintenance, Overall equipment effectiveness, An overview of TPM implementation practices, Benefits of TPM implementation, Future directions for TPM, Conclusions

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