Volume 13 | Issue 12

 Abstract

Background: Polyhydramnios is a high-risk obstetrical condition characterized by excessive accumulation of amniotic fluid. It is associated with maternal and fetal complications such as preterm labor, malpresentation, postpartum hemorrhage, and perinatal morbidity. Adequate knowledge among antenatal mothers regarding polyhydramnios is essential for early identification, timely management, and prevention of complications. Objectives: 1. To assess the pre-test knowledge of antenatal mothers regarding polyhydramnios. 2. To assess the post-test knowledge of antenatal mothers regarding polyhydramnios. 3. To evaluate the effectiveness of a structured teaching programme on knowledge regarding polyhydramnios. 4. To find the association between post-test knowledge scores and selected demographic variables. Methods: A quantitative evaluative research approach with a pre-experimental one-group pre-test post-test design was adopted. The study was conducted at the Government Maternity Hospital, Sikar. Antenatal mothers were selected using non-probability purposive sampling. Data were collected using a structured knowledge questionnaire. A structured teaching programme was administered, and post-test assessment was conducted after seven days. Results: The findings revealed that the majority of antenatal mothers had inadequate to moderate knowledge in the pre-test. Post-test knowledge scores showed a significant improvement. The paired t-test indicated a statistically significant increase in mean knowledge scores (p < 0.05). Selected demographic variables showed significant association with post-test knowledge scores. Conclusion: The structured teaching programme was effective in improving knowledge regarding polyhydramnios among antenatal mothers. Health education should be incorporated into routine antenatal care to promote maternal and fetal well-being.

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Polyhydramnios, antenatal mothers, structured teaching programme, knowledge, high-risk pregnancy

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Background: Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Patients with CAD often experience limitations in physical activity, emotional distress, and reduced quality of life. Adequate knowledge regarding disease management and lifestyle modification plays a crucial role in improving health-related quality of life (HRQOL). Objectives: 1. To assess the level of knowledge regarding coronary artery disease among patients. 2. To assess the health-related quality of life of patients with coronary artery disease. 3. To determine the relationship between knowledge and health-related quality of life. 4. To develop a self-instructional module based on identified knowledge gaps. Methods: A quantitative descriptive research design was adopted. The study was conducted at a selected private hospital in Rewari, Haryana. A sample of 100 patients diagnosed with coronary artery disease was selected using non-probability purposive sampling. Data were collected using a structured knowledge questionnaire and a standardized health-related quality of life scale. Results: The findings revealed that a majority of patients had moderate knowledge regarding CAD and reported average to poor quality of life in physical and emotional domains. A significant relationship was found between knowledge level and health-related quality of life. Conclusion: The study concluded that improved knowledge is associated with better health-related quality of life among patients with CAD. Development and use of a self-instructional module is recommended to enhance patient education and long-term disease management.

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Coronary artery disease, knowledge, health-related quality of life, self-instructional module, patient education

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Cerebral palsy (CP) is a disorder characterized by abnormal tone, posture and movement and clinically classified based on the predominant motor syndrome--spastic hemiplegia, spastic diplegia, spastic quadriplegia, and extrapyramidal or dyskinetic. The incidence of CP is 2-3 per 1,000 live births. Prematurity and low birthweight are important risk factors for CP; however, multiple other factors have been associated with an increased risk for CP, including maternal infections, and multiple gestation. In most cases of CP the initial injury to the brain occurs during early fetal brain development; intracerebral hemorrhage and periventricular leukomalacia are the main pathologic findings found in preterm infants who develop CP. The diagnosis of CP is primarily based on clinical findings. Early diagnosis is possible based on a combination of clinical history, use of standardized neuromotor assessment and findings on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI); however, in most clinical settings CP is more reliably recognized by 2 years of age. Because CP is associated with multiple associated and secondary medical conditions, its management requires a multidisciplinary team approach. Most children with CP grow up to be productive adults. Sahaja (Hereditary) Garbhaja (Congenital) and Jataja (Psychosomatic) types of diseases. Aim & Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of Ayurvedic interventions, including oral medications and Panchakarma procedures, in improving the condition of patient with spastic cerebral palsy who had previously shown no improvement with conventional treatments. Materials and methods: This case study Age of the patient - Sex of patient male Age of patient 3 y 6m,In Developmental history,No neck holding. Neonatal history: Term baby Meconium aspiration Weak cry HIE, Fever with convulsions after a week of discharge Treatment at various higher centres Complaints :Unable to stand on its own Drowlling Unable to chew food. Patient was advised admission for 7 days and was treated with internal medications, During the treatment all the signs and symptoms of cerebral palsy reduced to a very high extend.

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Shalipinda Sweda, Abhyanga, Shamanoushadi, Swarnaprashana.

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Jhaarakhand Rajay Mein Vidhaan Sabha Chunaav (2024) Mein Jhaamumo Ke Jeet Aur Bhajapa Ke Parajay Ke Pramukh Karak - Ek Sameeksha

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Jhaarakhand Rajay Mein Vidhaan Sabha Chunaav (2024) Mein Jhaamumo Ke Jeet Aur Bhajapa Ke Parajay Ke Pramukh Karak - Ek Sameeksha

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Road traffic accidents remain a major global safety challenge, with driver fatigue and alcohol consumption identified as leading causes. This project proposes the development of a smart, real-time embedded safety system designed to continuously assess driver alertness and detect alcohol impairment. Driver drowsiness is identified using computer vision-based facial analysis, where facial landmarks are tracked to compute the Eye Aspect Ratio (EAR). Alcohol presence is detected through breath analysis using an MQ3 alcohol sensor. When hazardous conditions are identified, the system immediately issues preventive alerts via a buzzer and an OLED display, enabling timely corrective action. The solution is implemented on an ESP32 platform and utilizes Python with OpenCV for real-time image processing. This cost effective and non-intrusive system bridges the gap between expensive commercial driver monitoring solutions and conventional reactive safety mechanisms. Experimental results indicate reliable real-time performance with high detection accuracy and reduced false alarms, making the system a practical and proactive approach to improving road safety.

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Driver Drowsiness Detection, Alcohol Detection, Eye Aspect Ratio, Machine Vision, MQ3 Sensor, ESP-32 , Real- Time Monitoring

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The present research attempts to develop a first order (D1) UV-spectrophotometric method that is convenient to use, robust, cost-effective, quick, and precise for the simultaneous measurement of Dapagliflozin propanediol monohydrate and Eplerenone in their synthetic mixture. The method was validated as per ICHQ2(R2) guidelines. Methanol was utilized as solvent for preparation of sample solution and the detection wavelength to determine DAPA and EPLE in developed fist order UV spectrophotometric method was 240.41 nm and 254 nm respectively. The linearity range for DAPA is 4-12 ?g/ml and EPLE is 10-30 ?g/ml in methanol. The regression coefficient was found to be 0.9988 and 0.9969 for DAPA and EPLE respectively. The LOD and LOQ for DAPA was identified to be 0.4693 and 1.4222 and that for EPLE was 1.314 and 3.983 respectively. Thus, this method provides suitable advantages like improved resolution of overlapping peaks, better selectivity, minimizes background interference. The developed method was successfully applied for the quantification of DAPA and EPLE from their synthetic mixture.

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Dapagliflozin Propanediol Monohydrate (DAPA), Eplerenone (EPLE), First order derivative (D1) UV-Spectrophotometric method, ICH Q2(R2) Guideline

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The report presents a fast and adaptable ship routing algorithm leveraging machine learning techniques to optimize maritime navigation, considering real-time environmental factors. It addresses limitations of traditional rigid routing methods by incorporating dynamic data such as weather, sea currents, and vessel load to improve fuel efficiency, safety, and operational costs. The developed system demonstrates enhanced route planning performance, contributing towards sustainable and intelligent maritime transportation.

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Ship Routing Optimization, Machine Learning, Maritime Navigation, Adaptive Routing Algorithm.

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Pharmacovigilance (PV) is a crucial scientific discipline that focuses on the detection, assessment, understanding, and prevention of adverse effects or any drug- related problems. As the global pharmaceutical industry continues to expand and innovate, ensuring drug safety has become more important than ever.

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Pharmacovigilance, global drug safety, Uppsala Monitoring Centre

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Food and catering services play a vital role in meeting the dietary and event needs of customers in urban areas. Customer satisfaction in this sector depends on multiple factors such as service quality, food quality, staff behavior, timeliness, and overall service experience. This study aims to assess the level of user satisfaction in food and catering management services in Tirupur and to identify the factors that most influence customer preferences. A structured questionnaire was administered to 100 customers, collecting information on demographic profiles, usage patterns, and satisfaction levels. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, ranking analysis and chi-square tests to examine relationships between variables. The results indicate that timely service, staff behavior, and food quality are the most critical factors affecting customer satisfaction, while other factors such as hygiene, pricing, and ambience also contribute moderately. The findings provide useful insights for catering service providers to enhance service quality and meet customer expectations effectively.

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Customer satisfaction, food quality, service quality, catering management, event management, services, etc.,

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Amish Tripathi's Shiva Trilogy has emerged as a significant contribution to contemporary Indian fiction, reimagining mythological narratives through the lens of humanism and ethical leadership. This paper examines how the trilogy systematically privileges human agency, ethical reasoning, and moral autonomy over traditional constructs of divinity, fate, and predestination. Through close reading and engagement with leadership theory, this research explores how Tripathi crafts Shiva not as a predestined god but as a leader shaped by empathy, reason, and ethical deliberation. The analysis highlights the trilogy's challenge to divine right and explores its implications for ethical leadership in both literary and real-world contexts. The findings suggest that Tripathi's humanistic reinterpretation of myth offers valuable insights for leadership studies and the evolution of Indian literary traditions.

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Amish Tripathi, Shiva Trilogy, humanism, ethical leadership, Indian mythology, divinity, leadership theory, contemporary fiction

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According to studies of international monetary data, the sum of money lost due to fraud in all transactions around the world keeps rising. In particular, the adoption of the Bank-as-a-Service model by financial institutions will place additional strain on payment processing infrastructure and exacerbate the already serious problem of payment fraud. Using automated machine training and Big Data analysis methods, this research aims to synthesis viable solutions for detection of fraud in electronic payment systems. Online Payment fraud has been given a lot of attention since it can result in significant economic losses and negative consequences for account holders. In order to construct a reliable model for identifying fraud, it is essential to employ efficient feature engineering. It is discovered, however, that the present feature engineering that relies on transaction frequency has flaws. Convenient as they may be, fraudsters are drawn to modern money transfer services to conduct scams in which unsuspecting victims are tricked into sending money to fake accounts. As a result of the limitations of conventional rule-based methods for detecting fraud, machine learning models have found widespread application. Most studies build features by extracting patterns using raw transaction records because learning directly from transaction data is challenging owing to its enormous dimensionality. Recency, frequency, financial, and anomaly detection are some of the common labels used to classify these characteristics in the existing research. Using real-world transaction data, features can be extracted and most relevant features can be selected to train the machine learning model for accurate fraud detection. The temporal properties of user transactions are shown using frequency-based feature engineering, however the characteristics of fraud and the differentiation of transaction behaviors are not taken into sufficient account. In this research a Multi Level Associated Weighted Feature Vector (ML-AWFV) Model using machine learning is proposed for accurate feature extraction and selection for further processing of online payment fraud detection. The proposed model when contrasted with the existing

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Keywords: Online Payment Fraud, Transactions, Feature Extraction, Feature Selection, Machine Learning, Financial Loss.

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This research examines how architecture students perceive and decode facade geometry at multiple scales. The exercise revealed how shifts in scale, fragmentation, and viewing distance generate diverse readings of the same elevation. By comparing these interpretations with the student's subsequent institutional facade designs, the study demonstrates how plural perceptions influence design thinking. The activity helps students understand complex elevations by making them see more clearly, recognize patterns, and find meaning in what they observe. This shows that studying a facade at different scales helps students understand it better. This method supports students in recognizing finer details, improving clarity in observation, and forming more meaningful interpretations of the architectural facade for their campus design

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Facade perception, scalar analysis, fractal geometry, architectural interpretation, design thinking, pattern recognition, architectural education.

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A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in a rural area of Ethiopia to assess the level of nutrition knowledge among mothers and to identify factors associated with adequate knowledge. Data were collected using a structured interviewer-administered questionnaire covering socio-demographic variables, nutrition knowledge, and access to health information. The findings revealed that a considerable proportion of mothers had inadequate nutrition knowledge. Higher educational status, better socioeconomic conditions, exposure to nutrition-related health information, and utilization of antenatal and postnatal care services were significantly associated with improved knowledge levels. Mothers who received nutrition counselling from healthcare providers demonstrated better understanding of nutritional requirements compared to those who did not. The study concluded that maternal nutrition knowledge in rural communities remains suboptimal and emphasized the need for structured nutrition education and counselling integrated into maternal and child health services to enhance maternal and child health outcomes.

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A STUDY TO ASSESS THE EFFECTIVENESS OF A STRUCTURED TEACHING PROGRAMME ON KNOWLEDGE REGARDING SELECTED ESSENTIAL VITAMINS AND THEIR HEALTH OUTCOMES AMONG POSTNATAL MOTHERS IN A RURAL AREA OF MEHSANA, GUJARAT."

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The growing ethical, social, and cultural challenges in contemporary societies have renewed global interest in value education within higher education. In India, the National Education Policy (NEP) 2020 emphasizes the integration of ethical, constitutional, humanistic, and cultural values as a central objective of higher education reform. This study critically examines the position and practice of value education in higher education institutions in Assam, a region characterized by cultural plurality and socio-historical complexity. Using a qualitative, policy-analytic approach, the paper analyzes NEP 2020 provisions alongside institutional practices and regional realities in Assam. The study identifies gaps between policy intent and implementation, particularly in curriculum design, pedagogical practices, faculty preparedness, and assessment mechanisms. It argues that while NEP 2020 provides a comprehensive and progressive framework, effective realization of value education in Assam requires contextual adaptation, institutional commitment, and pedagogical transformation. The paper contributes to the discourse on value-based higher education by offering region-specific insights and policy-oriented recommendations relevant to developing and multicultural contexts.

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Value education, Higher education, NEP 2020, Assam, Holistic learning, Policy analysis.

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In modern education, the emphasis on skill acquisition and academic achievement often overshadows ethical and moral development. The National Education Policy (NEP) 2020 recognizes this challenge and promotes value-based, holistic education aimed at nurturing responsible, ethical, and socially aware citizens. In this framework, the teachings of Srimanta Shankardev, a 15th-16th century saint, philosopher, and social reformer from Assam, hold special significance. Shankardev's philosophy, particularly through the Eka Sharana Nama Dharma, emphasized moral conduct, social equality, compassion, and community cohesion. By employing literature, music, drama, and community institutions, he effectively promoted value-based education in a culturally rooted and inclusive manner. This paper explores Shankardev's educational philosophy and its relevance to NEP 2020. Using a descriptive and analytical approach with secondary sources, the study demonstrates that Shankardev's principles provide practical insights for implementing holistic and value-oriented education in contemporary India.

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Shankardev, Value-Based Education, NEP 2020, Indian Knowledge System, Holistic Education.

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Anaemia, pregnancy, maternal outcomes, perinatal outcomes, iron deficiency, multiparity, postpartum hemorrhage, NICU admissions.

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The Burden: The maintenance of dermatological health and facial hygiene has become a paramount concern globally, driven by increasing pollution, urbanization, and the prevalence of acne vulgaris and other inflammatory skin conditions. Acne vulgaris alone affects over 85% of the adolescent population globally, necessitating effective daily intervention strategies. The Gap: Conventional synthetic cleansers, while effective at debris removal, frequently utilize harsh surfactants like sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) and parabens. These agents are associated with disruption of the stratum corneum barrier, protein denaturation, skin irritation, and long- term cytotoxicity. The Solution: Herbal face washes, formulated from bioactive plant extracts, offer a promising therapeutic alternative. By leveraging the synergistic effects of natural saponins, essential oils, and tannins, these formulations provide effective cleansing without compromising the skin's natural lipid barrier. The Mechanism: Key pharmacological actions include bacterial cell wall disruption (antimicrobial), modulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines like NF-kB (antiinflammatory), and scavenging of reactive oxygen species (antioxidant). The Result: Clinical and formulation studies indicate that standardized herbal face washes demonstrate comparable cleansing efficacy to synthetic counterparts while significantly improving skin hydration, pH balance, and patient compliance due to reduced adverse effects. This review synthesizes contemporary evidence on the formulation, evaluation, and regulatory aspects of herbal dermal therapeutics.

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Herbal ; Photoprotection; Ultraviolet radiation; Antioxidants; Plant-based cosmetics; Skin protection

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In the wake of innovation and new ideas cinema is no more an exception. People are coming up with new things and thought. In such a scenario the cinema of resistance is progressing well evidently. Cinema of resistance is the voice of people filled with resistance which sometime doesn't find a proper space to settle and reach common mass. With the coming of such cinema the muffled voices are unleashed and spread through the world. It's a kind of new cinema which is trying to strive hard and explore the suppressed issues. Through the cinema of resistance people are comfortably enabling themselves to spread their voice and most importantly they get a satisfactory gesture from the screens. They feel good sharing their issues and thereby projected and presented in public places. This is all due to cinema of resistance that we come across the hidden issues of any society. This follows a favourable social change and boosts the confidence of common mass to come forward and speak theirmind. The cinema of resistance has brought lot of social change through consistent screenings and production. This type of cinema reaches the heart of common man. People now have an alternative and a platform to communicate their resistance. They can voice everything and expect a change in the society. The Indian society as well has availed a lot through cinema of resistance sharing many current and old social issues.

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Cinema, resistance, India, society, change

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Competency-Based Learning (CBL) is revolutionizing the education landscape by shifting the focus from rigid, time-bound instruction to the demonstration of mastery over specific skills and competencies. Unlike traditional models where learners progress based on age or time spent in class, CBL allows students to advance only after achieving proficiency. Technology acts as a crucial enabler in this transformation by offering adaptive learning systems, personalized pathways, real-time assessments, and continuous feedback mechanisms that support learner autonomy. This paper examines the integration of technology with CBL, discussing its defining features, benefits, and limitations, while presenting global case studies and future trends. Ultimately, it highlights how technology-driven CBL fosters equity, engagement, and stronger alignment between education and workforce needs.

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Competency-Based Learning (CBL), Mastery-based learning, Skills and competencies, Learner autonomy, Proficiency-based progression, Technology-enabled education Adaptive learning systems, personalized learning pathways, Real-time assessments

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