Volume 12 | Issue 12

 Abstract

Quinazoline derivatives are heterocyclic compounds with significant therapeutic potential, especially as dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors, a target for managing Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). This study reports the synthesis of novel quinazoline derivatives through a three-step process involving benzoxazinone precursors and Schiff base formation. The compounds were characterized using infrared (IR) spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and mass spectrometry. Molecular docking studies were performed using AutoDock Vina to evaluate their potential as DPP-4 inhibitors, comparing the binding affinities and interactions of the synthesized compounds with those of sitagliptin, a known DPP-4 inhibitor. Docking results demonstrated favorable binding affinities, with some compounds showing interactions comparable to sitagliptin. These findings indicate that quinazoline derivatives hold promise as therapeutic agents for the treatment of T2DM.

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Quinazoline, pharmacological activities, heterocyclic compounds.

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Expansive soils, prone to significant volume changes with moisture fluctuations, pose a considerable challenge in construction and infrastructure projects due to their potential to cause structural damage. Traditional soil stabilization methods, such as the use of cement can be costly and environmentally detrimental. In this paper utilization of waste materials, including fly ash, and lime as a sustainable alternative material for controlling the swelling behaviour of expansive soils is presented. Through laboratory experiments and analysis, the effects of waste materials on soil properties were evaluated. The results demonstrated that incorporating waste materials can effectively reduce the swelling pressure, swell potential and compression index of expansive soils. Increased moisture content enhanced the engineering properties and provided an environmentally friendly solution for soil stabilization. This paper reveals the development of cost-effective and sustainable practices for improving the performance of expansive soils in construction

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Fly ash, lime, swelling soil, swelling pressure, swell potential.

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 Abstract

Quick commerce (also Q-commerce) or the delivery of everyday essentials (typically groceries) in 10-30 minutes is already prevalent in major global markets. US based Go puff, set up in 2013, delivers groceries in 30 minutes and is valued at $15 billion. A clutch of new entrants such as Berlin-based Gorillas and U.K.'s Zapp are already quite popular in their areas of operations, and are now looking to corner a bigger slice of the Q-commerce market. The trend is fast catching up in India as well; the local quick commerce segment is a veritable mix of new players such as Zepto, which is building its business to specifically service instant deliveries, and established ones like Blinkit (formerly Grofers) that have completely rejigged their branding and positioning and are taking aggressive bets on the category. The online shopping made everything possible today as we can get desired products within a day and the customers though process and buying behaviour also drastically changed after introducing online shopping apps. The prior planning method was replaced with instant planning and the delivery time also significantly reduced to days to hours preferable within 1 hour. Q-Commerce, also referred to as quick commerce, it is a type of E-Commerce and It is a unique business model where the delivery of goods and services is done within 30-40 minutes of ordering. It originally started with food delivery and it still represents the largest chunk of the business. It focuses on the micro to smaller quantities of fewer goods ranging from groceries, stationeries, personal hygiene products, to over-the-counter medicines. It's also a great fuel to encourage gig employment to youth in the country where they can earn while learn as students and competitive job aspirants.

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: Quick Commerce, E-Commerce, Online Business, Retail, Consumer Behaviour, Customer Satisfaction, Purchase Decisions, Delivery Speed.

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Introduction: This paper presents the case of a 42-year-old male residing in India, whose USG of the abdomen and pelvis revealed multiple calculi or kidney stones in the mid pole of his right kidney, with the largest measuring ~ 4.6mm. He had availed distal FTS energy healing sessions for the treatment of his condition. Method: Through examination of patient medical records, FTS energy healing intervention records and patient comments, this paper used the case study technique. Results: Healings were started 1 day after the patient felt intense pain and discomfort in the abdominal area. On the first day of healing, the intensity of pain and discomfort reduced to a great degree, which helped the patient to sleep. The third day of healing resulted in small black/brown particles being passed through urine. The re-evaluation of the condition through a CT scan showed no-evidence of the renal calculi or kidney stones. A full recovery was observed within a span of four days, without the need for any strong medication or any surgery to remove the stones. Conclusions: While being a complementary and alternative medicine, FTS energy healing protocols are quite effective in the successful treatment of a variety of diseases, regardless of the proximity between the healer and the patient (CAM). It is necessary to conduct ongoing research on this occurrence using the appropriate sample group and methods. Furthermore, training healthcare professionals and associates in holistic and touch-free energy healing methodologies would be extremely beneficial, making therapies more affordable to patients.

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kidney stones, Renal Calculi, Feed The Soul (FTS) Energy Healing System

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The study was carried out for a period of summer seasons in a year. The physicochemical parameters such as pH, Electrical conductivity (EC), Alkalinity, Total Solids (TS), Hardness, Chloride, Dissolved Oxygen (DO), Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD) & Most Probable Number (MPN) were evaluated at selected lakes of Gandhinagar District. The lakes is subjected to severe domestic and sewage pollution at selected sites of Gandhinagar.

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Lakes, Gandhinagar, physic chemical, water quality, analysis

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Lung cancer, a leading cause of cancer mortality worldwide, demands early detection for improved patient survival rates, yet accurate diagnosis remains challenging due to subtle differences in imaging data between malignant and benign tissues. Traditional diagnostic methods rely on radiologists' manual interpretations of CT scans or X-rays, which can be subjective and error-prone, especially for early-stage tumors. While machine learning models like Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) have been applied to assist in diagnosis, they often face limitations due to data scarcity, imbalance, and difficulty in capturing complex spatial relationships within the lungs. This study proposes a hybrid deep learning approach for lung cancer detection, leveraging Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) for generating synthetic images to expand and balance the dataset, Capsule Networks (CapsNet) to enhance spatial feature extraction, and Rotational Networks (RotNet) to incorporate rotation invariance for improved accuracy. By combining these components with ensemble learning, the system achieves more robust and accurate predictions. This multifaceted approach not only addresses existing limitations but also provides a reliable and effective tool for early lung cancer detection, supporting radiologists in timely diagnosis and improving potential patient outcomes.

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Lung Cancer Detection, Deep Learning, Hybrid Model, Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs), Capsule Networks (CapsNet), Rotational Networks (RotNet), Rotation Invariance, Spatial Feature Extraction, Ensemble Learning, Early Diagnosis, Data Imbalance, Synthetic Data Generation, Medical Imaging, Radiology Support Tools

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The naturally available material such as Sisal has been using in several applications in fabricating composite materials due to its exceptional durability with a minimum wear and tear and due to its ability to stretch. Using sisal fiber as reinforcement to form sisal fiber reinforced polymer composites, strengthen the study of mechanical properties of the composites. In this project, we have enhanced the mechanical properties of the sisal/glass fiber incorporated with polyurethane. Polyurethane is an extremely versatile elastomer used in countless applications worldwide. It has some excellent properties like high abrasive resistance, wide range of hardness, high load bearing capacity, wide resilience range, flexibility, strong bonding properties which makes it an ideal choice in the field of composite preparation. In this study, the composite material is fabricated by mixing Polyurethane proportionally with the sisal/glass fiber. After the fabrication is done, it is planned to study the mechanical properties of the composite material using different testing tools like Universal Testing Machine, Izod test, and hardness tester.

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sisal fiber, polyurethane, polymer, composite.

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Globalization, technological development, and the growing need for English as a lingua franca have all had a substantial impact on the English language's function in classrooms. This essay investigates pedagogical approaches, looks at the several issues related to English language instruction (ELT), and assesses the importance of ELT in modern classrooms. The study emphasizes important elements including communication ability, language variety, teacher-student interaction, and cultural sensitivity by drawing on surveys, research papers, and instructional approaches. It also explores issues including few resources, reluctant students, and English's hegemony over regional tongues. This study promotes an inclusive, engaging, and well-balanced method of teaching English that satisfies local and worldwide demands.

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Globalization, Pedagogy, Communication, Cultural Sensitivity, Hegemony

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The main aim of this project is to make an Arduino based efficient autonomous maze solver robot

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Maze Robot, Robotics

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Introduction: India has one of the highest incidences of Cardiac arrest in the world. The high incidence of cardiac arrest and accidents in India has long been linked with sudden cardiac arrest. While it may be difficult and unpredictable to prevent sudden cardiac arrest, till advanced treatment can be provided. One of the best things a person especially people related to health care team can do is to learn CPR to buy time for a person who has gone into a sudden cardiac arrest, till advanced medical help can be imparted. Thus, both health care providers and the public need to increase their knowledge and skills on cardio-pulmonary resuscitation. So, the study was conducted on Assessment of the effectiveness of Planned Teaching Programme on knowledge regarding Cardio-Pulmonary Resuscitation among the Nursing staff Objectives: 1. To administer planned teaching programme for the subjects on cardiopulmonary resuscitation.2. To evaluate the post-test knowledge of the subject on cardiopulmonary resuscitation.3. To assess the effectiveness of planned teaching programme on cardiopulmonary resuscitation.4. To find out the association between pre-test and post-test knowledge scores with the selected demographical variables of the subject Method: The research approach adopted for the study was a quasi-experimental approach. One group pre-test one group post -test design without the control group was adopted for the present study. Simple random sampling was uses to select the samples for this study. Tool: The tool used for the data collection was close ended Structured Knowledge Questionnaire developed based on the expert's suggestions. Results: From the findings of the study, it was clear that the knowledge of the respondents regarding Cardiopulmonary resuscitation were inadequate. The Planned Teaching Programme enhanced the knowledge scores of the respondents regarding cardio-pulmonary resuscitation. The mean post-test knowledge scores were significantly higher than the pre-test knowledge scores. There is significant association between the pre-test and posttest knowledge of the respondents on cardiopulmonary resuscitation to the selected demographic variables.

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Cardiopulmonary resuscitation, Staff nurses, planned teaching programme

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Transferosomes are elastic substances that can bend their structure and squeeze themselves through narrow pores smaller than their size, making them an effective drug delivery mechanism for poorly soluble medicines. They are ultra-deformable vesicles with a hydrophilic core in the center and a lipid bilayer around them. To address the challenges with conventional oral drug delivery, alternative formulations of transferosomes have been created employing non-ionic surfactants such Span 80, Span 20, soya lecithin, Carbopol 940, and Tween 80 by rotary film evaporation and Vortexing/sonication processes.This carrier system has piqued the interest of pharmaceutical researchers because it improves patient acceptability and reduces side effects associated with the traditional oral route by avoiding first-pass metabolism, thereby improving the physiological and pharmacological response through consistent drug levels. This review covers the structure, benefits and drawbacks of formulation materials, formulation procedures, evaluation techniques, and applications, as well as patents published in the literature.

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Transferosomes, Lipophilic, Medication, Skin, Epidermis.

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Mosquito-borne diseases remain a significant global health concern, necessitating effective and safe repellent solutions. This study explores the formulation of a gel-based mosquito repellent using extracts from Tridax procumbens (coat buttons), Cymbopogon citratus (lemongrass), and Azadirachta indica (neem). These plant species are known for their potent insect-repellent properties, attributed to compounds such as pyrethrins, citronella, and azadirachtin, respectively. The gel formulation was developed through a systematic extraction process followed by optimization of ingredient concentrations to enhance efficacy and stability. Physical and chemical characterization included viscosity measurements, pH determination, and stability testing under varying environmental conditions. In vitro testing against mosquito species known to transmit diseases such as malaria and dengue demonstrated significant repellent activity compared to control formulations. Furthermore, skin compatibility studies using human volunteers indicated minimal irritant potential, supporting its suitability for topical application. Overall, this mosquito repellent gel represents a promising alternative to synthetic repellents, harnessing the natural repellent properties of Tridax procumbens, Cymbopogon citratus, and Azadirachta indica while ensuring safety and efficacy for public health applications.

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Mosquito Repellent, Polyherbal Gel, Tridax Procumbens, Cymbopogon Citratus, Neem

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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The fourth industrial revolution and its Industry 4.0 or connected industry technologies dominate the current production research discussion. Digital developments like cyber-physical Systems are the key technologies for future, more agile production systems, but a common understanding of the term Industry 4.0 is not established now. First generic implementation approaches present manifold technical solutions but need to be integrated with existing Lean Production Systems. The actual impact of Industry 4.0 solutions is mostly not specified, and a method to evaluate is missing. This paper introduces Industry 4.0 in an environment of connectivity in the Internet of Things and Services with the vision of a smart factory. Lean Production Systems and Lean Principles characterize the initial situation of industrial companies. Industry 4.0 offers an estimated benefit for companies by stabilizing Lean processes with Industry 4.0 applications. To support the development process the presented Concept of an Industry 4.0 impact matrix on lean production systems gives a useable framework. The matrix considers elements of lean production systems with Industry 4.0 technologies and estimates impact first. In the described development process of a cyber-physical Just-in-Time delivery, the matrix is used to find a stabilizing application for a Just-in-Time material supply process.

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1. Introduction 2. Related works and terminology3. Systematic literature review 4. Field study on Lean Production Systems 4.0 5. Discussion 6. Conclusions

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We have used Artificial Intelligence process for solving the fuzzy games containing Octagonal, Pentagonal and Hexagonal fuzzy numbers. This process is decision making process in the logic forms. We have made optimum solution of fuzzy game theory problems having, octagonal, pentagonal and hexagonal fuzzy numbers. In this case new ranking was used to order any fuzzy numbers. This is logical decision makers game theory for the study of mathematical models. In this solution a game situation involving a set of players who have a set of possible choices and in which outcome for any individual player depends partially on the choices made by the other players.

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Artificial Intelligence, Fuzzy game, octagonal, pentagonal, hexagonal, fuzzy number, optimum solution.

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The principles of quality assurance (QA) and quality control (QC) are crucial for maintaining the integrity of drug manufacture and delivery in the pharmaceutical sector and go beyond simple regulatory requirements. QA includes the design, development, production, and service processes as well as any other systematic methods required to give assurance that a product meets quality standards. It is a proactive procedure intended to stop mistakes and flaws in manufactured goods. Contrarily, QC is the area of quality management that is concerned with meeting quality standards. The methods and procedures utilized to meet quality standards are included in this operational methodology. QC is primarily the inspection component of quality management, whereas QA is mainly concerned with the way a process is carried out or a product is manufactured. When combined, QA and QC not only help ensure that rules and regulations are followed, but they also provide the basis for creating medications that are safe, efficient, and dependable for both patients and medical professionals. This review paper explores the complexities of quality assurance and quality control in the pharmaceutical industry, emphasizing their vital functions and the influence they have on the healthcare system as a whole.

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Keywords: Quality Control, Quality Assurance.

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This study investigates the relationship between agricultural trade and agricultural GDP in India during 1990-91 to 2022-23. This study uses the ADF unit root test, Johansen cointegration and granger causality test to investigate the long run causality between export, import and Gross domestic product in the model. All data related to agricultural sector only. The first difference of the variables is found to be stationary and hence LNAGDP, LNAEXP and LNAIMP are integrated of order one I (1). Based on the trace statistic and Eigen value, there existed long run relationship between agricultural trade and agricultural GDP. The nature and direction of relationship between agricultural export, import and agricultural GDP was examined by applying Johansen cointegration test and Granger causality tests. The obtained results showed that there is unidirectional causal relationship from AgriGDP to agricultural export, agricultural GDP to agricultural import and export to import at 5% significance level, while no causality relationship exist from import, export to GDP and import to export. It means AGDP lead to export but Agri export does not lead to AGDP

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causality, agricultural export, cointegration, AGDP

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Bottom ash is a byproduct of coal combustion in thermal power plants, it is characterized by its granular texture. The composition of bottom ash includes silica (SiO2), alumina (Al2O3), and iron oxide (Fe2O3). Bottom ash is used only as a filler material in construction Industry. In this study we used bottom ash waste as a proxy material to reduce the increasing cost in the construction industry. Coal bottom ash waste generated each year in high volume. This paper reviews the physical and chemical characteristics and utilization of coal bottom ash as a proxy material in the construction industry. The goal of this review is to emphasize the possibility of recycling of bottom ash in civil construction.

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- Bottom Ash Concrete, Coal Bottom Ash, Concrete Mix Design, Thermal Power Plant (TPP), Sustainable Concrete, Compressive Strength, Cement, Sand and Aggregate.

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India is taking path breaking measures toward securing its energy future by embracing sustainable practices like ethanol blending. Being one of world's major energy consumer, the country has traditionally depended on oil imports to meet its growing energy needs. This dependence poses challenges to energy security and leads to a substantial outflow of foreign currency. However, with ethanol blending, India has a defining opportunity to reduce its dependence on imported oil while addressing environmental concerns. Ethanol, a byproduct of sugarcane processing when blended with petrol, cuts down on fossil fuel consumption and reduces harmful carbon emissions which adversely affects climate change and causes public health issues. The practice of blending ethanol with petrol began in 2001 on a pilot mode. Yet, for many years, progress was slow, and ethanol production remained stagnant. In recent years the Govt. Of India initiated a series of comprehensive reforms , as a result of which India has been able to unlock the full potential of this initiative. These reforms are now driving substantial outcomes, not just by enhancing energy security, but also by revitalizing rural economies. Ethanol production offers a new source of income for farmers, supporting the agricultural sector and fostering economic growth in rural areas. The Government's has taken ambitious target of increasing the ethanol blending to 20% from earlier set target of year 2030 to year 2025, demonstrating a strong commitment. During the 7th G-STIC Delhi Conference, Shri Hardeep Singh Puri, Minister of Petroleum and Natural Gas, emphasized India's growing success in ethanol blending and its broader commitment to sustainable energy solutions. This forward-looking approach indicates that India is not only focused on meeting its immediate energy needs but is also preparing for long-term sustainable energy solutions to address future demands.

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Ethanol Blending , Fossil Fuel, Feedstock , Biofuel , Interest Subvention

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The "Coolie" website is an innovative platform designed to connect individuals and businesses with skilled laborers for hire. Inspired by the UrbanClap model, the platform addresses the need for a streamlined, user-friendly solution for booking labor services across various domains. The website offers an intuitive interface where users can browse, select, and book skilled laborers based on their requirements, such as electricians, plumbers, carpenters, and more. Features include real-time availability, secure payment integration, user reviews and ratings, and an efficient booking management system. "Coolie" aims to bridge the gap between service providers and customers by ensuring transparency, reliability, and convenience. By leveraging modern web technologies, the platform aspires to enhance user experience while creating employment opportunities for skilled workers. This project demonstrates practical implementation of web development skills, database management, and user experience design, catering to real-world needs.

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skilled laborers for hire, UrbanClap-inspired platform, labor services booking, user-friendly interface, real-time availability, secure payment integration, user reviews and ratings, booking management system,

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A green bond is a debt security that raises money from investors to fund projects that are environmentally or socially beneficial. A green bond is an investment avenue for investors to provide investments and funding for environmental friendly projects. Green bonds are used to finance or refinance projects that contribute to the welfare of environment or climate, such as renewable energy, energy efficiency, sustainable waste management, and clean transportation

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GREEN BOND INVESTMENT

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