Volume 8 | Issue 12

 Abstract

Deep neural networks (NN) have shown a significant promise in difficult tasks like image classification or speech recognition. Even well-optimized hardware implementations of digital NNs show significant power consumption. It is mainly due to non-uniform pipeline structures and inherent redundancy of numerous arithmetic operations that have to be performed to produce each single output vector. This paper provides a methodology for the design of well-optimized power-efficient NNs with a uniform structure suitable for hardware implementation with hash tricking . An error resilience analysis was performed in order to determine key constraints for the design of approximate multipliers that are employed in the resulting structure of NN. By means of a search based approximation method, approximate multipliers showing desired tradeoffs between the accuracy and implementation cost were created. Significant improvement in area efficiency was obtained in both cases with respect to regular NNs

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 Keywords

Deep Neural Networks, stochastic computing, hashed neural nets, VLSI.

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In the urbanized and rising countries, the construction firm is known to be one of the most important industries in terms of its effect on health and safety of the Working people. Construction firm is both financially and socially important. Though, the construction firm is also familiar to be the most dangerous. This study is to enhance the safety performance of the construction works. And it is to understand the actual safety problems and hazard of injuries that occurs in construction works. It is to examine safety procedures, rules, policies and accident avoidance methods related to the construction works and to provide methods and suggestions to enhance the safety performance in construction works to decrease the accident and mortal rate. Suggestion and recommendation are made from the questionnaire based data gathering from the construction and that are given to contractors and workers to advance the safety performance.

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hazards, safety

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A control chart is a tool for representing and to monitoring a process. A control chart also detects shifts in a process and abnormal conditions in a process. If a process is monitored by control chart for number of defects (c), �c� control charts may not be applicable due to the uncertainty of the attribute data. Many articles about fuzzy control charts, which are constructed based on information techniques with type-1 fuzzy sets, exist in literature. The fuzzy control chart based on the number of defects using process capability is constructed in this paper for the first time and the proposed control chart is applied to real world data.

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Fuzzy, Fuzzy control chart and Process capability

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As Islamic Sharia is a complete, comprehensive and general system and it has been adding some rules for solving the humans� problems which should be controlled all their life issues, so it is generally said that there is no new problem, event and case in human�s life that Islamic Sharia doesn�t have a solution for it. Islamic Sharia is firstly recognizing the main factor of each phenomenon then it shows a solution way for it. Therefore, one of the problems and issues that the community of Takhar � Afghanistan is facing with it that is the factors of increasing the divorce and this issue is one of the fundamental and important cases that is included many factors based on its increasing factors. The main goal of this research is to find the main factors and inducements of increasing divorce in Taloqan city � the center of Takhar province of Afghanistan. The data has been collected in two styles. The first part was collected from the reliable academic sources but the second part of the data was collected by distributing the questionnaires to relevant organizations such as: court, prosecuting house, university, women affairs directorate and so on. The data was analyzed by using the Microsoft Excel. This article has two parts. The first part of data has been gathered from the library that the most significant factors of increasing the divorce based on the point of view of Islamic jurisprudence is, unsound choice, the level diversity, addiction, economic problems, lack of equality of the couples, and some more. Each has role on increasing the divorce and it is caused some negative effects. The second part is the questionnaire, it has been distributed to hundred people including: teachers, students (male & female), the relevant organizations (court, persecution, justice, women affairs directorate, gender demonstrative and police station of Takhar province). After investigating, the responders are giving accurate information correctly that the answer of each question is shown and drown in different tables and specific graphs. And the most important factor that the responder is emphasizing on it is: underage marriages, poverty, family interference, family violence, illegal relationships of husband or wife after marriage, compulsory marriage, economic problems, sexual relationships and addiction, lack of awareness from the divorce outcome, fancy of the repeated marriage, the level and cultural diversities, misunderstanding and ill relationships, husband�s absence, mental sicknesses, lack of the couples� equality and as a final point, lack of awareness from legal and Islamic right.

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 Keywords

factors of increasing the divorce

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 Abstract

The paper presents the features of involvement in the processing of man-made waste from mining and metallurgical industries.

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mineral raw materials, ore processing, mining and metallurgical, geological exploration, low-waste technology.

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The increasing complexity of the Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) circuits necessitates miniaturization and fabrication of the nano-scale device in the intricate manufacturing process. However, this had led to greater process variation, higher probability of defects and worsened the manufacturing yield. Various Automatic Test Pattern Generation (ATPG) tools available today employ powerful heuristics and are capable of generating efficient and compact test sets for a Circuit-Under-Test (CUT). These tools provide tests with high fault coverage, and identify redundant faults in the CUT to a large extent, even though the underlying problem is known to be computationally hard. But, the production tests are primarily aimed only for fault detection and they may not be very efficient for diagnosis. Linear Feedback Shift Registers (LFSRs) are the most widely used pseudorandom Test Pattern Generators (TPGs) in Built-In Self-Test (BIST) systems. This proposes a combined testing methodology for the scan-based BIST. A smoother and Geffe generator are included in the TPG to reduce average power consumption during scan testing, while a group-based selection algorithm is employed for the scan-chain reorder in order to improve the fault coverage. The objective is to produce test pattern with good randomness; then the fault coverage will be better. Fault simulation is done using Xilinx. From the experimental results, it is observed that the proposed methodology achieves better performance than the existing methods.

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 Keywords

Built-In Self-Test (BIST) System, Geffe Generator, Linear Feedback Shift Register (LFSR), Smoother, Test Pattern Generator

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Quantum-dot Cellular Automata (QCA) is a nanoscale computational fabric being explored by the Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) research community due to the difficulties in the mounting of the CMOS transistors. This work uses QCA devices and uses those devices to build a simple field programmable gate array (FPGA). The FPGA is a combination of multiple Configurable Logical Blocks (CLBs) tiled together. In this work, a novel XOR/XNOR-function logic gate with two inputs, two enable inputs and one output is proposed and designed in QCA nanotechnology. A design rule for specialized architecture design is presented using programmable devices and introduced a simulation engine tuned to efficiently simulate QCA circuits designed for this architecture. In order to demonstrate the functionality and capabilities of the proposed QCA based XOR/XNOR architecture, performance is evaluated and analyzed. The proposed XOR/XNOR logic gate has a superb performance in terms of area, complexity, power consumption and cost function in comparison to some existing QCA-based XOR architectures. Moreover, some efficient circuits based on the proposed XOR/XNOR gate are designed in QCA.

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Exclusive OR (XOR), Exclusive NOR (XNOR), Full Adder, Quantum-dot Cellular Automata (QCA), Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI)

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It is time for updated with the world and technology that is constantly improving. But in an advancing country like Sri Lanka, technology is using sparingly. When it comes to transportation field there are lot of failures in vehicle transportation nowadays. Considering traffic reports and road accident reports within previous years [1], major reasons for traffic congestion and traffic accidents are drivers� negligence and inability to get services quickly. It will be very valuable if there is a system to capture road signs with locations. Then analyze location and camera capture details and store analyzed details to a real-time database on a cloud server. When a road sign is identified using CNN algorithm it will be screened in the vehicle and confirmed by a voice alert. And also it is very important to alert the drivers real-time if there is a bad condition on the road by redirects captured data to the web server and send notification to the upcoming vehicles about bad road conditions. Also it will be very useful if a system can recognize driver behavior real-time using image processing and alert few contacts that relative to driver when driver is an emergency situation.

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 Keywords

: Image Processing, Cloud server, Machine Learning, Convolutional Neural Network

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 Abstract

SAMAGRA SIKSHA ABHIYAN

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SAMAGRA SIKSHA ABHIYAN

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Recent era demand for an innovative and fluctuation business is necessaries needs. E-commerce business boom growth in the asia and whole globe. Its success depends on their understanding of market timing, market strategy, changing trend and various factors. Present paper deal with brief idea about current E-Business situation, issues and challenges of E- Business. E-commerce is not only buying and selling products online but it�s also consist online process of developing, marketing, selling, delivering, servicing and paying for products and services after sale. E-commerce show tremendous growth in the economy. Large number of internet uses present in India however penetration of e-business is low compared to developed markets such as like US and the UK but is upward at a much faster rate with a huge amount of new entrants.

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E commerce, issues and challenges

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In the Internet of Things (IoT) perspective, conventional machines perform self determined and smart. Its solutions hold an improving demand for its devices that are connected and offered services. However, inherent features raise many challenges like poor interoperability,decentralization and challenges to address in the security domain . Now blockchain is given a attention that it is capable of providing solutions to IoT problems. Its use can be suitable in any financial situations also, blockchain gives guarantee for its work to be secured and resistant from privacy issues.Nonetheless, blockchains are power intensive and they provide low throughput, these are not suitable for power constrained IoT devices. To overcome these difficulties, blockchain is integrated with Industrial IoT, IoT 4.0 version, with credit based Proof of work mechanism. Repeated examination and results show that this system can provide data access control and proved to provide secure and effective IIoT services.To ensure confidentiality , data authority the board technique is intended to manage the accessibility to sensor information. Trust incorporation in distributed environments without the requirement for authorities is a major advancement that can technically develop change in numerous enterprises, IoT within them. The Objective here is to give a complete idea about the structure and activity of block chain and to examine how this innovation provides security and protection in IoT. This project work centers around this relationship, researches difficulties in blockchain IoT applications, and studies the most significant works to examine how blockchain might improve the IoT. In the early stages the result obtained is record processing, where the data is processed from resources together with its statistics and then the data is reported in the records with their hash values and their behavior is checked by checking their hash values. Hash value gets updated after the record gets updated, if old transactions hash value is displayed in the output then it is considered as �Abnormal behavior�, if the new hash value is displayed then it is considered as normal behavior. Symmetric exception values are recorded that are used for the security feature.

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Industrial IoT, blockchain, credit-based, proof-of-work,security, efficiency, privacy

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Compared to quantitative research, qualitative research has become commonly used in social science research. This is due to its characteristics that enable it to provide a deep understanding of the issues and problems of the social sciences according to their natural context, in addition to its ability to provide results that may contribute directly or indirectly to achieving a cognitive addition, either theoretical or applied in the field of human sciences. In view of the little of content dealing with qualitative research design - starting with defining the research problem, ending with presenting and discussing results in the field of social science research, in addition to the need for researchers in this field for a comprehensive and brief clarification of the procedures and steps of qualitative research design; Which enables them to use it in studying societal and humanitarian issues and problems, and their teaching methods, and thus find appropriate solutions and treatments for them. Accordingly, the present study aimed to shed light on the philosophical background of qualitative research, to define the concept and characteristics of qualitative research through clarifying the appropriate procedures and steps for designing qualitative research in social sciences research.

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Qualitative research, research philosophy, research design, social sciences

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Review plays an important role for consumer as well as for manufacturer, seller so this reviews are needed to be analyzed in such a manner so that it can give better results for effective usage the reviews data is huge so to analyze this data there are various types of techniques to be analyzed this review data. This paper studies various approaches & techniques to analyze the data & word embedding is also studied . A system is proposed to use Neural network, word embedding for review classification

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Word Embedding, Classification, Neural Network, Machine Learning

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 Abstract

Creativity means thinking to come up with original ideas in a new way. It expands our knowledge and experience from known to new. Their ability to organize perceptions and emotions is one of fluency, flexibility, originality, divergent thinking. Quality training and extensive creative expressions inspire and encourage creative thinking to make a substantial contribution to society. Therefore, the educational process should aim to develop children's creative skills. The study was carried out on one hundred Class X students, giving due representativeness to boys (50) and girls (50) and rural and urban communities. The study examined the creativity of secondary school pupils in the North 24Parganas Districts of West Bengal. Using stratified random sampling technique, the two rural and two urban secondary schools were chosen and students were chosen using simple random sampling technique. The descriptive survey method is used to collect data using the creativity test developed by B.K.Passi.

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Creativity, Secondary School Students

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In traditional control charts, all data should be exactly known, whereas there are many quality characteristics that cannot be expressed in numerical scale, such as characteristics for appearance, softness, and colour. Fuzzy sets theory is powerful mathematical approach to analyse uncertainty, ambiguous and incomplete that can linguistically define data in these situations (Sogandi et.al., 2014). Fuzzy control charts have been extended by converting the fuzzy sets associated with linguistic or uncertain values into scalars regarded as representative values. In this paper, we develop a new fuzzy control chart for fraction defectives with an example.

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Fuzzy, Fuzzy control chart and Process capability

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In this paper direct-coupled sun based energy controlled multicore designs that give direct force gracefully between photovoltaic (PV) age and the heap without the selection of battery. We likewise setting the brushless engine for changing the point of Solar-Tune, a continuous booking strategy with trouble tuning for inconsistent errands on sun based energy controlled multicore system. The goal is to completely use the available sun based energy while complying with the time constraints of undertakings. Planning and force the board technique for multicore ongoing inserted frameworks. This likewise demonstrates that by designating the new undertaking to the center with the most minimal usage, we can accomplish the least generally energy dissemination. This technique, joined with another integer linear programming (ILP) calculation with structures the heuristic calculation to progressively refine the errand planning dependent on the forecasts of the accessibility of sun based energy. With periodical assignments in a multi-core platform, it likewise passes expected voltage to rooms as preprogrammed scheduling and ILP calculation is applied on each center. Test results show that new calculation accomplishes better execution as far as cutoff time miss rate, contrasting with the best of existing calculation. At the point when applied on a multi-core platform, the heuristic calculation accomplishes better proficiency.

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Sun based energy, ILP, Photovoltaic cells.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Abstract The Pardhi tribes of the Solapur district had no means of subsistence other than forest. They were highly associated with the perennials of the forest and they had adjusted lifestyle as well as a culture with the natural environment. Until the 19th century, they did not have much contact with urban and rural communities. Their main occupations were collecting honey, medicinal plants, and wildlife hunting. Due to the protective forest, the life of the Pardhi community has gradually come in contact with the villages. Women began begging, as well as selling items such as needles, beehives, and plant products needed in urban culture. They started producing and selling local liquor. The production and sale of alcohol become their main source of income. Besides, their natural way of life led them to stealing and sometimes engaging in criminal activities. Besides, the thief gained a place as a hunter in his religious life. After independence, their lives began to stabilize and they began to integrate into civil society. Against this background, the present research has thrown light on the changing cultural life of the Pardhi community in the Solapur district. The present investigation is based on the observation and interactions with the community members. This study is descriptive and it has carried out in November 2020. The study revealed that the cultural environment of the Pardhi community is changing with changes in time. They are gradually giving up traditional belief systems and adapting to new approaches to living. They are progressively civilizing and giving up traditional occupations like hunting and stealing. The social orthodox of the community has also diverting into modern rationality. With the improving educational level and accessibility to the resources, community culture is in the transforming phase.

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Pardhi Community,Cultural, Caste Panchayat etc.

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The current study has been undertaken to assess knowledge score regarding Prevention of anxiety related to Covid-19 among Senior citizens by awareness program in vill-Bhouri, Bhopal. The research design used for study was pre- experimental in nature. The tool for study was self-structured knowledge questionnaire which consists of 2 parts-PART- I consisted questions related to Socio-demographic data, PART-II consisted of self -structured knowledge questionnaire to assess knowledge score regarding Prevention of anxiety related to Covid-19 among Senior citizens. The data was analyzed by using descriptive & inferential statistical methods. The most significant finding was that 20.0% of Senior citizens were having average knowledge regarding Prevention of anxiety related to Covid-19 whereas 80.0% had Good knowledge after post-test. It was suggested that nurses must educate Senior citizens regarding Prevention of anxiety related to Covid-19.

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Effect, awareness program, knowledge & Prevention of anxiety related to Covid-19

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 Abstract

Azetidinone is a saturated form of nitrogen containing cyclobutane having carbonyl group. It has been considered as a versatile nucleus which possess almost all types of biological activities mainly antimicrobial and antifungal activity. This diversity in the biological response profile has attracted the attention of many researchers to explore this skeleton to its multiple potential against several activities. The present review article explains the chemistry, synthesis and various biological activities of azetidinones.

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azetidinone, cyarbonyl, lectum ring, biological activities

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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CSR (Corporate Social Responsibility) ECSR (Environmental Corporate Social Responsibility, EMS (Environmental Management system).

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition