Volume 12 | Issue 11

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Miss-Information Detection, Multi-Model Data, Visual Data Analysis, Deep fakes, Deep-Learning Models, Natural Processing Language (NLP).

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Because of its distinct anatomy and physiology, ocular medication administration presents difficulties, such as efflux pumps and static and dynamic barriers. The development of transporter- targeted medication delivery and the identification of influx transporters have accelerated. To maintain medication levels at the target region, several drug delivery techniques have been developed, including fibrin sealant-based methods and bioadhesive gels. Drug delivery may be enhanced by topical application for posterior segment administration and noninvasive sustained drug delivery methods. 90% of ophthalmic medicines are topical, and they are sterile liquid, semi- solid, or solid solutions utilized in the pharmaceutical and scientific domains to explain critical conditions. The research discusses sterility concerns, looks at the action of different preservatives, and investigates the physical and chemical elements affecting ophthalmic formulations. As ophthalmic preservatives, chlorocresol, chlorbutol, benzalkonium chloride, and chlorhexidine are recommended. For ophthalmic preparations to remain functional, they must be protected from physical, chemical, and biological alterations. When creating these preparations, chemists need to take into account variables including tonicity, pH, stability, viscosity, and sterility. The report suggests more research on preservation and sterility against microorganisms.

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Topical opthalmic , semisolid opthalmic , solid opthalmic , Ophthalmic delivery system.

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Separation is crucial in chemistry because it helps analyze substances more accurately. It allows scientists to split components in a sample into separate groups or areas, either in space or time. This separation is important because it isolates different parts of the sample, making it easier to study them without interference from other substances mixed in. It's also useful for purifying specific substances from mixtures or natural sources so scientists can study them more closely. Separation helps make tests more sensitive by gathering the substances we want to study in higher amounts. Modern techniques for separation are well-established and widely used in scientific research. However, as analytical tasks become more complex, there's a growing need for even more advanced separation methods. This has motivated us to put together this collection, which explores trends in this practical, diverse, and always evolving field.

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chromatography, analytical techniques, hplc , uplc

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Abstract:- The pursuit of athletic excellence and the desire to bringhonor to their teams and countries has led to significant focus on athletic performance. Athletic performance is impacted by intrinsic characteristics such as athletic aptitude, as well as extrinsic elementssuch as the physical surroundings. Theenvironmental elementsof the physical environment, such as temperature, pollution, altitude, and wind, have a varying impact on sports performance. An elevated ambient temperature leads to an increased elevation of the body's internaltemperature, a more rapid occurrence of sweating, and a higher likelihood of dehydration. High levels of humidity hinder the process of perspiration evaporation and the release of heat from athletes' bodies. The future impact of global warming is expected to result in a warmer and more humid regional climate, which could pose greater challenges for athletes. In this review, we examine how the environment affects the health and performance of athletes. Although training in natural settings has numerous documented benefits, its impact on elite athletes' health and performance is less well understood. Some Olympic events are held in natural settings, but the vast majority take place in the host city, which is often a big, densely populated location with minimal exposure to natural environments and high exposure to air, water, and noise pollution. The effects of the environment on Olympic athletes can be better understood with the help of a trans-disciplinary approach, which combines the methods and expertise of various but related fields such as environmental psychology, exercise physiology, biomechanics, environmental science, and epidemiology.

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Keywords: PollutionEffects,Athletes,performance,denselypopulated,pollution.

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Gallstones, known as pittashmari in Ayurveda medicine, are hardened deposits that form in the gallbladder. They can range in size and may cause various symptoms or remain asymptomatic. Management strategies encompass a wide array of treatments, including traditional methods such as Ayurveda, lifestyle modifications, and modern medical interventions like medications and surgical approaches. This review explores the pathophysiology, clinical presentation, and management options for gallstones, emphasizing an integrative approach that combines both traditional and modern methods.

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Gallstones, Pittashmari, Cholelithiasis, Stone, Calculi

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The document provides an in-depth examination of judicial activism in India, the UK, and the USA. It discusses how judicial activism allows judges to interpret laws in ways that protect citizens' rights, adapting to societal changes, and challenges government actions that may infringe on constitutional principles. The article first explores judicial activism in India, highlighting its historical roots and pivotal cases, such as Kesavananda Bharati v. State of Kerala and Maneka Gandhi v. Union of India. It discusses how activism has allowed the judiciary to safeguard fundamental rights and maintain the constitution's basic structure. In the UK, judicial activism emerged with the establishment of the Supreme Court in 2009. Judicial review plays a crucial role in ensuring government decisions comply with the law, with notable cases emphasizing this power. The article concludes with the USA, where judicial activism has shaped critical civil rights and social issues. The American approach often stirs debate, as some argue it disrupts democratic processes. Nonetheless, landmark cases like Brown v. Board of Education underscore activism's role in advancing civil rights. The document also contrasts judicial activism with judicial review and highlights its advantages and disadvantages, emphasizing the need for a balanced judiciary that upholds the law while allowing progressive legal interpretations.

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judicial activism, citizens' rights, balanced judiciary

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Transgender people deal with a distinct set of mental health issues, many of which are influenced by the intricate relationship between gender identity, prejudice in society, and care access. The mental health issues that transgender person's face--such as body dysmorphia, depression, anxiety, suicidality, and gender dysphoria--as well as the substantial influence of outside variables including prejudice, societal stigma, and a lack of familial support are all included in this review article. According to the article, transgender people face a disproportionate number of mental health problems as a result of being marginalized in a variety of spheres of life, such as social connections, work, and healthcare. Furthermore, the analysis highlights the significance of inclusive environments, mental health support, and gender-affirming care in enhancing mental health outcomes for transgender individuals. This article seeks to provide a thorough understanding of the mental health needs of transgender people by examining these difficulties and resilience factors. It emphasizes the significance of developing a more accessible, accepting, and supportive healthcare system and society for this vulnerable group.

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Transgender, mental health, gender-affirming care, resilience, psychological well-being, inclusive environments

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Understanding ethics in the context of Indian arts as prescribed in our ancient scriptures

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Indian classical dance, music, Indian art

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o Cancer remains a leading cause of mortality worldwide, posing a significant challenge to modern medicine. o While conventional therapies such as chemotherapy and radiation have made strides in treating cancer, their efficacy is often limited by severe side effects and the development of drug resistance. o Gene therapy, a revolutionary approach that directly targets the genetic basis of cancer, offers a promising alternative. o This review provides a comprehensive overview of gene therapy in cancer, encompassing its diverse applications, methodologies, and clinical outcomes. o We discuss the mechanisms of action, challenges, and future directions of gene therapy, highlighting its potential to personalize cancer treatment and improve patient outcomes. o Furthermore, we explore the ethical considerations associated with this rapidly evolving field, emphasizing the importance of responsible research and clinical translation.

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Cancer treatment, Gene therapy, Conventional therapies, Chemotherapy,

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Vipadika Kustha is a subtype of Kshudra Kustha (minor skin disorders) described in Ayurvedic texts, characterized by painful fissures, dryness, and scaling, predominantly affecting the palms and soles. The condition arises due to the vitiation of Vata and Kapha Doshas, coupled with impaired Rasa and Rakta Dhatus, and obstruction of microchannels (Srotas). This review explores the comprehensive Ayurvedic approach to Vipadika Kustha, including its etiology (Nidana), pathogenesis (Samprapti), clinical features (Purvarupa and Rupa), and treatment protocols. Management involves detoxification therapies (Shodhana Karma) like Virechana and Raktamokshana, palliative treatments (Shamana Chikitsa), external applications of Lepa, and dietary and lifestyle modifications (Pathya-Apathya). Emphasis is placed on Nidana Parivarjana (avoiding causative factors) as a preventive strategy. This holistic approach not only addresses the symptoms but also eliminates the root causes, offering a sustainable solution for the effective management of Vipadika Kustha

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Vipadika Kustha,Ayurvedic skin disorders,Vata-Kapha imbalance,Shodhana therapy,Raktamokshana,Lepa ,Pathya-Apathya,Kustha Chikitsa,Samprapti Ghatak.

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Soil stabilization is a crucial process in civil engineering that enhances the properties of soil for various construction applications. Traditional methods often rely on chemical additives and cement, leading to significant environmental impacts. This paper reviews recent advancements in eco-friendly materials used for soil stabilization, including biopolymers, natural fibers, industrial by-products, and organic additives. The mechanisms of action, performance comparisons, challenges, and future directions for research are discussed, emphasizing the need for sustainable practices in soil engineering.

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Soil stabilization, eco-friendly materials, sustainable construction, biopolymers, natural fibers, industrial by-products, organic additives, green engineering, sustainable soil engineering, environmental impact.

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This study investigates the effect of yogic practices on the flexibility of male degree college students. Fifty participants from Government First Grade College, Haveri, Karnataka, India, were randomly assigned to two groups: Experimental Group-I (YEPG), which engaged in yogic practices and Group-II (CG), the control group. Pre-test flexibility scores were measured for both groups using the sit-and-reach test (in centimeters). Over 8 weeks period, Group-I participated in yogic practices three days a week in addition to their regular activities, while the control group followed their usual routine. After the intervention, post-test flexibility scores were obtained, and the significance of changes in flexibility was assessed using a dependent t-test. A statistical analysis utilizing SPSS and MS Excel demonstrated a significant improvement in flexibility among intercollegiate Kabaddi players who practiced yoga. The results showed that intercollegiate Kabaddi players who participated in yogic practices improved their flexibility significantly more than the control group. These findings give compelling evidence that introducing yogic practices into Kabaddi players' training regimens can improve their flexibility and overall athletic performance.

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Yogic Practices, Training, Flexibility, Male Students, Degree College, Yoga

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In the aftermath of the Partition of India in 1947, women became the silent victims of a new form of exploitation, suffering not only physical violence but also systematic commodification under the guise of rehabilitation. Protiva Basu's The Marooned and Manik Bandyopadhyay's The Final Solution offer searing critiques of this era, exposing how women were doubly victimized--coerced into the flesh trade and misled by deceptive schemes promising homes and employment. This study delves into how Partition shattered communal trust and religious solidarity, creating a betrayal that deepened the trauma of displaced women. Through a comparative literary analysis and historical contextualization, the research illuminates the systematic commodification of women and their journey from victimhood to agency, highlighting moments of resilience and resistance as they confront oppressive structures. By examining the role of space--how it confines and liberates--this study sheds light on how these texts frame physical and psychological boundaries within the Partition landscape. Employing postcolonial feminist and trauma theory, this research reveals the fractured identities and psychological toll endured by women in search of stability and belonging, adding a nuanced dimension to Partition literature that underscores the complexity of trauma and survival amid displacement.

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Partition of India, Exploitation of Women, Flesh Trade, Deceptive Schemes, Postcolonial Feminist Theory, Psychological displacement

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This paper introduces a new design of inductor-less DIQ generator optimized for millimeter-wave (mm-wave) applications of 5G. Conventional DIQ generators are based on bulky inductors, which make these circuits quite big and complex, while the proposed design exploits an inductor-free, compact architecture to provide more efficient and scalable solutions for integration into modern communication systems. Taking advantage of advanced techniques in semiconductor fabrication, the DIQ generator has 5G high frequency with high phase accuracy and low power consumption, as are now demanded by modern wireless communication. Simulations and experimental results show the efficacy of the approach with improved bandwidth, phase noise, and overall efficiency. This inductor-less DIQ generator opens up a pathway for more compact and power-efficient components of the next generation wireless technology.

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5G Communications, Millimeter-wave(mm-wave) circuits, Phase Shifters, Differential Amplifier, Quadrature Phase Signals, Cascoded Amplifier

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In the search of alternate construction materials, over burnt brick aggregate has enrolled its appellation as a low cost sustainable alternate material. In the north-eastern part of India, especially in Tripura, the shortage of natural stone aggregate has opened up the field for over burnt brick aggregate to be used as an alternate pavement material. This study mainly focuses on the characterization of pervious concrete mixes produced with over burnt brick as coarse aggregate. Pervious concrete, in the recent era, has been considered as the emergent technology due to its prominence as an environmentally and hydrologically sustainable pavement system. In this paper, a series of test samples are produced using various design variables and then the mechanical strength and the pore properties of porous mixes are evaluated. Aggregate gradation, water-cement ratio and the percentage of fine aggregate are chosen as the design variables and their effect in the compressive strength, tensile strength, flexural strength, porosity, permeability, etc. are estimated. The statistical analysis is also carried out using the experimental test data and prediction equations are developed to estimate the porosity, permeability and the compressive strength of the pervious concrete mixes. The predicted equations fitted well and showed a very good agreement with the calculated results. These equations can be directly used for the selection of the mix proportion and the designing of pervious concrete mixes made with over burnt brick aggregate

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Aggregate,Burnt Brick, Seiving,Tests,

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Adolescence marks the crucial period of transition from childhood to adulthood, characterized by significant and rapid changes in both the body and the brain. It is a time when young people engage in healthy exploration of their identities and strive to attain independence. However, the journey through adolescence can also present challenges and stressors due to the abrupt nature of these changes. While adults have all experienced puberty firsthand, it remains vital to comprehend the multifaceted changes occurring both physically and psychologically-emotionally during adolescence. This study sought to explore the dimensions of General Well Being (Physical, Emotional, Social and School well- being) and Spiritual Intelligence of Adolescent based on Gender (Male and Female students). The effect of General well- being in various dimensions and comparing effect of spiritual Intelligence on Adolescent is analyzed on gender basis. This research aims to examine how gender differences influence various aspects of well-being in adolescent and their spiritual Intelligence. The study involved a sample of 900 Adolescents of Higher secondary schools of three districts of UP. Participants completed two scales assessing different dimensions of well-being along with Spiritual Intelligence scale. General Well Being scale assigned by Dr. Ashok K, Kalia and Spiritual Intelligence scale by Dr. K.S. Misra. T-Test is used for data interpretation and comparing of both the gender. The result of the study showed that there is significant difference in General well -being of Adolescent (Boys and Girls) students of three districts but in Spiritual Intelligence no significant difference is found among them based on gender. Emotional well-being and school well- being of boy's adolescent is higher than girls' adolescents.

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Adolescent, general well-being, spiritual intelligence.

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High performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC), Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients (APIs), Impurity Profiling, Degradation studies, Stress conditions, method validation, ICH guidelines, Pharmaceutical Formulations and Drug safety and efficacy.

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Generative Artificial intelligence refers to AI-developed systems that generate content such as audio, video, and text to get desired outcome. It is playing an extremely important role throughout the world. It has become a significant factor in all areas of life. No area of life is left untouched by it. AI, a leading and most impactful tool has brought a revolutionary change all across the world. Generative AI is also being widely used in healthcare systems. All the sectors of life involve the use of AI. The prevalence of artificial intelligence in contemporary healthcare systems has its pros and cons (Nishith Reddy Mannuru, 2023).

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Healthcare

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ABSTRACT The book Americanah by Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie delves into the lived realities of African expatriates in Western nations, offering a sophisticated analysis of Black identity in the diaspora. The stories of the book's main characters Ifemelu and Obinze in particular are followed as they traverse the complications of race, cultural relocation, and identity development in Nigeria, the US, and the UK. Americanah provides significant insights on the difficulties of cultural assimilation, the reclaiming of identity, and the search for belonging in a world becoming more interconnected by critically addressing issues of post-colonial racial injustices and identity crises. This research attempts to provide a better understanding of the diasporic experience by examining how Adichie's characters go from identity crisis to identity reconstruction.

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Keywords: Diaspora, African Diaspora,

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One of the most extreme recent economic collapses is happening in Venezuela. Caused by institutional erosion, mismanagement of oil wealth, and unsustainable fiscal policies which have been worsened by external factors including international sanctions and the decline in oil prices, the crisis is at its most advanced state. Bloated with hyperinflation, currency devaluation, and an overall shortage of basic goods and services, this has led to huge humanitarian requirements, such as mass migration and the plummeting living standards of millions. Other factors that have worsened the economic decline include political instability, corruption, and the absence of transparent governance. Although recent policy adjustments (mainly partial dollarization and partial easing of price controls) have provided some short term relief, long term recovery depends on structural reforms, diversification of the economy and rebuilding of trust in institutions. Reaching a solution to address political gridlock, opening up the international markets, and stimulating sustainable investment is what recovery hinges on. Venezuela's crisis is examined in terms of the historical drivers of its crisis, its broader socioeconomic impact, and on possible avenues towards the country's recovery with respect to the contribution of both domestic and international actors who could work in rebuilding the nation's economic stability. Despite huge obstacles, with substantial natural resources and a supply of human capital, Venezuela has the potential to move forward, but only if there is robust reform and a supply of international resources.

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Venezuela's Economic Crisis, Cause, Recovery.

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