Volume 12 | Issue 11

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ABSTRACT: Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera), a well-known herb in traditional Ayurvedic medicine, has gained significant attention for its potential neuroprotective and therapeutic effects in managing various brain disorders. Research suggests that ashwagandha may offer benefits in conditions such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, depression, anxiety, and other neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric disorders. The bioactive compounds in ashwagandha, including withanolides, are believed to exhibit anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and adaptogenic properties, which help mitigate oxidative stress and neuroinflammation--key contributors to brain disorders. Studies have also indicated its potential role in modulating neurotransmitter systems, enhancing neuronal regeneration, and improving cognitive functions. Given its multifaceted mechanisms, ashwagandha holds promise as an adjunct therapy in brain disorders, although further rigorous clinical trials are needed to substantiate its efficacy and safety profile. This review critically examines the current literature on the therapeutic potential of ashwagandha in brain health and highlights areas for future research.

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KEYWORDS : Ashwaganda , Phytoconstituents, Common brain disorders, Anxiety, Alzheimer's Disease, Parkinson's Disease , Recent patents.

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Natya is used as a general phrase that encompasses dance, music, and drama. It was an essential artistic vision that flourished in many forms. Through the development of the senses and perceptions, all forms of art were seen as vehicles of beauty that offered communication, enjoyment and teaching. The term Natya can be alternated with the word "dance" or "nartana" [1]. Rasa, or enjoyment of aesthetics, is the primary implication of the word natya, which refers to artistic and realistic representation. Drama was regarded as the most comprehensive form of artistic expression in ancient India, which is why theatre arts were explicitly discussed. In ancient India, theatrical arts were specifically discussed since drama was considered the most complete form of artistic expression. In historical times, Natya was mostly used for entertainment, as a means of expressing either happiness or sorrow, and to celebrate accomplishments. Afterwards, it evolved into a means of sharing principles, morality, and beliefs. At the moment, Natya has explored a wide range of topics, from theoretical to practical.Certain components have been covered in this paper to help readers acquire the portrayal. Our focus in this study will be on the aspects of natya and their interactions with one another.

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Natya, Dance, Drama, Music, Sangraha, Natyasastra, Bharata, Rasa, Bhava, Abhinaya, Dharmi, Vritti, Pravritti, Siddhi, Svara, Atodya, Ganam, Ranga.

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This research delves into sustainable packaging's impact on consumer behavior in the Nilgiri district. Through quantitative and qualitative methods, it identifies key factors driving consumer preferences: "Sustainability Awareness & Responsibility" and "Environmental Concern & Eco-Friendliness." These factors highlight the significance consumers place on certifications, labels, and environmental awareness. Additionally, the study uncovers how eco-friendly packaging influences brand perception and purchasing decisions. Demographic analysis reveals that while gender and income levels have minimal impact, environmental concern significantly influences eco-friendly product choices. Findings emphasize the importance of consumer education, transparent communication, and diverse product offerings to promote sustainable packaging adoption. This research underscores the imperative of aligning packaging strategies with consumer values for a more environmentally conscious future in the Nilgiri district and beyond.

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sustainable, packaging, quantitative, consumer, preferences, Awareness, Responsibility, Demographic, Environmental, Eco-Friendliness,

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The National Poet Subramanya Bharati is regarded as the Father of the modern Tamil Literary Style. Bharati was not only the pioneer of the modern poetry of Tamil literature, but he also emerged as an immortal singer of national consciousness in the wave of renaissance that emerged in Indian life and literature in the 20th century. The basic tone of his entire literature is public awakening and national consciousness. Bharati can be compared with many revolutionary writers like Bharatendu Harishchandra of Hindi Literature, Veereshlingam Pantulu of Telugu Literature, Ravindranath Tagore of Bengali Literature, P.B. Shelly of English Literature.

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Bharati, national consciousness, renaissance, freedom struggle

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This study explores the impact of non-financial factors on entrepreneurial satisfaction among retail entrepreneurs in Tamil Nadu. While financial success is often viewed as the primary indicator of business achievement, non-financial factorssuch as innovation, employee trust, optimism, failure acceptance, and recognitionalso play crucial roles in enhancing satisfaction. The research examines how these variables influence the entrepreneurial journey, offering a holistic understanding of satisfaction beyond profit metrics. Findings indicate that fostering an environment of continuous innovation enables entrepreneurs to remain competitive and fulfilled. Building employee trust contributes to a supportive and committed workplace culture, furthering job satisfaction and business resilience. Optimism provides the mental fortitude necessary to face challenges, while failure acceptance empowers entrepreneurs to view setbacks constructively, enhancing their ability to persevere. Lastly, external recognition validates entrepreneurs' efforts, contributing positively to their sense of accomplishment. Collectively, these insights reveal that entrepreneurial satisfaction in Tamil Nadu's retail sector is deeply intertwined with personal fulfilment and relational dynamics, providing implications for policy and support systems aimed at nurturing sustainable, satisfaction-driven entrepreneurship.

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Entrepreneurial satisfaction, Retail entrepreneurs, Salem, Tamil Nadu.

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As the world faces growing environmental challenges, the role of libraries in promoting sustainability has become increasingly vital. This article examines how libraries are evolving to support sustainable practices, both within their operations and in the communities they serve. It explores key areas such as eco-friendly building designs, resource management, and the adoption of digital technologies to reduce their environmental impact. Additionally, libraries are highlighted as community hubs for education and action, hosting programs that raise awareness about climate change and encourage sustainable lifestyles. By embracing these roles, libraries are not only preserving knowledge for future generations but also actively contributing to a greener, more sustainable world.

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Sustainability, Libraries, Green building design, Resource management, Digital transformation, Environmental stewardship, Community engagement, Climate education.

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threat in decentralized digital currencies. The blockchain incorporates a cryptographic framework using elliptic curve cryptography (secp256k1) for secure transactions, along with a unique double-spending detection mechanism. The system continuously monitors transaction patterns and compares them with the account balances to identify any discrepancies or fraudulent attempts at re-spending the same coins. Upon detecting a potential attack, the system isolates and removes the conflicting transactions to maintain the integrity of the blockchain. The paper also introduces a peer alert system to notify the network of suspicious activity and automatically mitigate risks by adjusting the affected blockchain state. Through various tests, including transaction validation, block mining, and attack detection, the system demonstrates robust functionality in a simulated environment. Future work includes performance comparisons with existing blockchain systems, focusing on accuracy, time efficiency, and scalability. The findings aim to contribute to the development of more secure and efficient blockchain frameworks, enhancing their reliability for practical use in cryptocurrency networks.

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ECC, PoW, PoS, PoA, PoSA, BTC

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Neuropathic pain is a chronic painful condition that is described by hyperalgesia and allodynia resulting from injury or disease of the nervous system. Neuropathic pain is defined as chronic pain arising from damaged or altered nerves, and the pathophysiology of neuropathic pain is the activation of pain pathways. Neuropathic pain management involves pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions at the present time. Pharmacological treatments range from first-line treatment comprising of gabapentinoids, SNRIs, and TCAs, second-line treatment involving tramadol and third-line treatment involving SSRIs and NMDA antagonists. Neuromodulation techniques, such as invasive (spinal cord stimulation, motor cortex stimulation, deep brain stimulation) and non-invasive (repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation, transcranial focused ultrasound, transcranial direct current stimulation), provide significant non-pharmacological alternatives. Novel interventions or emerging therapies like nanomedicine, gene therapy, stem cell therapy, microneedles, and platelet-rich plasma have a great future for neuropathic pain management. This review is intended to present the current state of knowledge about neuropathic pain, pathophysiology of this disorder, and possible treatment strategies with focus on the necessity to use a complex and personalized management of neuropathic pain.

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Neuropathic pain, Pharmacological treatment, Neuromodulation, emerging therapies, Personalized management

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Abstract: Developing a desktop app where a PC's webcam tracks a person making sign language (fingerspelling) gestures and instantly converts it to text and voice. In the developed ASL interpreter, the sign language signs will be taken in form of text , which will later be voiced out. In this way we are developing a finger spelling action language converter. For recognizing these gestures, Convolutional neural network (CNN) is of assistance. A CNN is known to be very resourceful in addressing computer vision challenges and upon adequate training can reach the required features with precision.

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Sign Language Recognition,Machine Learning,Convolutional Neural Network (CNN),OpenCV,Real-Time Recognition,Keras,TensorFlow

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Purpose: To critically evaluate the integration of AI for customer service in Banks of Rajasthan. Research methodology: The study was carried out in the entire Rajasthan state , using a sample of 141 individuals who were bankers working in various banks operative in the state. Purposive sampling was employed to specifically choose particular data. 10 Likert statements were drafted to determine individuals' awareness on the stated topic. Applicability: The emergence of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in banking has initiated a dramatic change, redefining customer service and operational efficiency. This academic article examines the complex relationship between AI and banking, seeking to clarify the various effects of AI integration in this industry. The study, grounded in a comprehensive theme analysis and an extensive literature review, systematically explores the multiple facets and potential future of AI in banking, emphasising the improvement of customer experience and the resolution of operational difficulties. Research Limitations: Keeping research constraints in mind, only 141 Bankers were interrogated in the present paper, which is the biggest limitation. Also, the study was restricted to Rajasthan state; this could have been extended further for the sake of better acceptability of results.

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Artificial intelligence, customer service, Banks, Rajasthan

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In the age of globalization, the media is a potent tool for disseminating information and reflects and shapes the complex dynamics of border areas. By definition, border areas are places of interaction and transition. We can learn about cultural interchange, economic influences, and geopolitical factors by examining media in border regions. This study provides a thorough examination of media usage patterns in Rajouri district border regions, illuminating the distinct factors that influence information consumption. The study's primary goal is to ascertain how people consume media and why they use print, electronic, and digital media. By employing the survey method, the researcher gathered the relevant data via a standardized questionnaire. The target sample of this study consisted of fifty participant aged 15 to 40years above who lived in the nearby villages in the district Rajouri of Nowshera sector. The researcher would use SPSS statistical tools and techniques to evaluate and interpret the data. The findings of the study described the media usage patterns under three sections viz. (a) the media platforms that were accessible to them; (b) media consumption patterns; and (c) the information's accuracy and reliability.

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Line of control (LOC), Media usage, Media platforms, Accessibility

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ABSTRACT : Anemia affects a third of the world's population and contributes to increased morbidity and mortality, decreased work productivity, and impaired neurological development. Understanding anemia's varied and complex etiology is crucial for developing effective interventions that address the context-specific causes of anemia and for monitoring anemia control programs. We outline definitions and classifications of anemia, describe the biological mechanisms through which anemia develops, and review the variety of conditions that contribute to anemia development. We emphasize the risk factors most prevalent in low- and middle-income countries, including nutritional deficiencies, infection/inflammation, and genetic hemoglobin disorders. Recent work has furthered our understanding of anemia's complex etiology, including the proportion of anemia caused by iron deficiency (ID) and the role of inflammation and infection. Accumulating evidence indicates that the proportion of anemia due to ID differs by population group, geographical setting, infectious disease burden, and the prevalence of other anemia causes. Further research is needed to explore the role of additional nutritional deficiencies, the contribution of infectious and chronic disease, as well as the importance of genetic hemoglobin disorders in certain populations.

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Anemia, Iron deficiency anemia, Nutritional anemia, anemia of inflammation

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Efficient management of working capital is essential for the success of any business organization. Investment in working capital affects the liquidity and profitability of the business. An attempt to increase profitability would lead to decrease in liquidity and a high liquidity position would adversely affect the profitability. Therefore the business organization strives to maintain a trade off between the liquidity and profitability. The paper attempts to study the working capital management practices of selected two and three wheeler companies in India. Motaal's test has been applied to assess the efficiency or liquidity position of the companies. Further an attempt has also been made to study the working capital management is measured in terms of various turnover ratios like the working capital turnover ratio, inventory turnover ratio, receivables or debtors' ratio and cash turnover ratio. The study is based on secondary data collected from the published corporate annual reports of the company. The results of Motaal's test indicate that out of six companies selected for the study, the liquidity position of the above selected units in the years 2018-19 and 2019-20 was best whereas the years 2017-18 and 2020-21 was rank last indicating a very low liquidity position.

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Two and Three Wheeler Companies, Working Capital Turnover Ratios and Motaal's Comprehensive Test

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Fast dissolving tablets emerge as one of the popular and widely accepted dosage forms, especially for pediatric patients because of incomplete development of the muscular and nervous system and a case of geriatric patients suffering from Parkinson's disorder or hand tremors. Few solid dosage forms like capsules and tablets are present days facing the problems like difficulty in swallowing (dysphagia), resulting in many incidences of non-compliance and making the therapy ineffective. Oral dosage form and oral route are the most preferred route of administration for various drugs have limitations like first-pass metabolism, psychiatric patients, bedridden and uncooperative patients. Moreover, the amount of drug that is subject to first pass metabolism is reduced as compared to standard tablets.

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Fast dissolving tablets, FDTs, Super disintegrants, Mouth dissolving tablets, MDTs

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This Paper attempts to study the plight of modern man and the state of humanism through two poems: Ted Hughes' The Casualty and Philip Larkin's At Grass. The Casualty narrate a flight accident and vividly captures the last moments of a dying pilot and the spectators' attitude towards him. At Grass, spotlights once celebrated race horses, which are neglected at present due to old age. Their past and the present are beautifully juxtaposed and their impending future, where they await death is focused. The plight of modern man in both these poems and the depiction of modern man's and the lack of compassion, love, care and their inhumane conditions are to be studied with special reference to these two chosen poems and the purpose of this paper is to highlighted the objectives of these two poets who attempt to enhance humanism and humane traits in modern man.

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humanism, spectators, juxtaposed, modern

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Diversity, Equity and Inclusion, often abbreviated as DE&I, is a term that is used to define values, policies and practices that an organization use to create and maintain an inclusive and diverse environment. The term is used to describe policies and programmes that promote representation and participation of different groups of individuals. It encompasses people of different ages, races, ethnicity, abilities, disabilities, genders, religions, cultures and sexual orientations. It also includes people with diverse backgrounds, experience, skills and expertise. The purpose of the paper is to assess the current state of diversity, equity and inclusion, to understand how employees belonging to the Schedule Tribe are treated and represented in organizations, and to pinpoint areas of improvement. To meet the objectives of the research, a Five - Point Likert Scale Questionnaire was prepared. The population for the study is not defined and the sampling technique used is Non - Probabilistic Snowball Convenience Sampling.

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Diversity, Equity and Inclusion (DE&I), Employee Performance, Organizational Effectiveness, Employee Engagement, Employee Satisfaction.

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This paper examines the ways in which the "Tiger Operation" changed the social and economic landscape of Mangalore by moving street sellers from the periphery to the heart of the city. The Tiger Operation was first designed as a city beautification and regulation project to address problems with urban congestion, encroachment, and illegal street selling. However, by formalising their commerce and increasing their visibility, the operation unintentionally contributed to the empowerment of street sellers. Through an analysis of the policy's execution, the socioeconomic ramifications for vendors, and the ensuing public opinion of street vending in Mangalore, this paper demonstrates how the initiative promoted a change in both public perceptions of the government and community involvement with informal economies. The paper explores how this shift helped move street vendors out of the shadows and into the public eye by improving their standard of living and reshaping the city's urban planning strategy to accommodate the expanding informal sector. This study clarifies the complex role of state intervention in urban informal economies and its long-term ramifications for social inclusion and city governance through policy analysis, interviews, and data on urban growth.

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Informal economy street vendors, tiger operation, vending zone

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Mobile Showroom Management System is developed to meet out the difficulties of manual maintenance of mobile showroom. In the mobile show room handset of different company and different models are maintained. The information collected from the mobile show room is properly designed in modules to prepare the computerized system. In the system supplier, customer and handset details are stored in master data table and the transactions like purchase order, items inward and sales process are in transaction data tables. The system is developed under visual environment so that any user can easily handle the system. In the system user entries are validated to avoid wrong inputs.

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Mobile showroom, supplier, customer, employee, purchase, sales, salary, items inwards

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Nanomaterials, carbon nanotubes, nano silica, nanocellulose, nano alumina, nano clays

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In today's digital world, online payment fraud has become one of the biggest challenges facing e-commerce businesses. Fraudsters are constantly finding new ways to exploit system vulnerabilities, putting transactions and sensitive customer information at risk. To counter this growing threat, this paper introduces a highly effective framework for predicting and preventing fraud before it happens.The framework relies on a range of advanced machine learning algorithms, including K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN), Decision Trees, Random Forest, Gradient Boosting, Support Vector Machines (SVM), Neural Networks, and more. After extensive testing across three different datasets, one algorithm--Gradient Boosting--consistently emerged as the most reliable and accurate in detecting fraudulent transactions. It achieved an impressive 99.7% accuracy rate, outperforming all other models in various testing conditions.What sets Gradient Boosting apart is not just its high accuracy but also its adaptability. It performed exceptionally well across different types of fraud scenarios, making it a powerful tool for e-commerce platforms. With this level of precision, businesses can detect and prevent fraudulent activities before they happen, strengthening their defenses and building customer trust.The use of machine learning in fraud detection is a significant leap forward for the e-commerce industry. Traditional methods often fall short in identifying sophisticated fraud patterns, but machine learning models like Gradient Boosting analyze vast amounts of data to spot hidden trends, unusual behaviors, and emerging threats. This predictive capability is critical for keeping businesses one step ahead of fraudsters, ensuring a more secure and seamless online shopping experience for everyone involved.

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Fraud Detection, Scam detection, Problem Statement, Customer Data Security

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