Volume 10 | Issue 11

 Abstract

Because they exceed their bulk counterparts in terms of tunable physical, chemical, and biological properties, nanomaterials (NMs) have become increasingly important in technological breakthroughs. NMs are divided into groups according on their size, make-up, shape, and place of origin. Each classification becomes more valuable as we become better at predicting the particular characteristics of NMs. Toxicological problems are unavoidable as NM production continues to develop and find more industrial uses. This review's objective is to compare artificially created (engineered) and naturally occurring nanoparticles (NPs) and nanostructured materials (NSMs) in order to pinpoint their unique nanoscale characteristics and pinpoint specific knowledge gaps regarding the evaluation of NPs and NSMs' environmental risk.

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nanomaterial classification, nanomaterial history, Nano toxicity, oxidative stress, reactive oxygen species, regulations

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Train to Pakistan a pre-eminent novel by Khushwant Singh represents the partition situations in Mano majra, a small village in the Indo-Pakistan border. Formerly during Independence, our society is gender biased and besides that partition brings a new dimension to the earlier. This work explores the sexual trauma, pain and tolerations of women during and after partition. Women were not given much significance in the society rather than considering them as creatures doing their menial household chores and they are meant to give pleasure to men in every way possible despite age. Though pure and gracious they were the first to be in pain and guilt in any setting. The man woman relationships are unequal. A women character is expected to give her body to men in barter of external nominal things. Women characters were not given much importance in this novel and it focuses on the male chauvinist view of women.

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Partition, Trauma, Inequality and Male dominance.

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The crucial factor that determines the acceptability of a medication and also the flexibility of its administration is its solubility. Significant portions of recently invented drugs are water insoluble, which makes them poorly bioavailable and limits continuous improvement. By combining these acknowledged rivals into Nanosuspension, they can now be conveyed. Nanosuspension invention addressed the issue of medications with poor water solubility and inadequate bioavailability. Using the Nanosuspension technology, The drugs' bioavailability and stabilization can be improved. All medications that are liquids insoluble can benefit from Nanosuspension treatment, which is inexpensive and effective. To create nanosuspensions, a wet mill, high strain homogenizer, melt emulsification method, emulsion solvent evaporation, and super significant fluid systems are utilised. It is possible to create nanosuspension using preservatives, both natural and organic solvents, and other substances such buffers, salts, polyols, osmogent, and cry protectant. Additionally possible methods for administering nanosuspensions include oral, parenteral, aspiratory, and ocular. Nanosuspensions can be employed for mucoadhesive hydrogels and targeted drug administration when used as ocular inserts. The main considerations for better use and scaling up of nanosuspensions include maintaining stability in solution and in the solid state and resuspendability without coalescence. The use of nanosuspensions in a variety of drug delivery methods, including transdermal, buccal, nasal, ocular, and oral is now also the topic of ongoing investigation. Oral drug delivery system of nanosuspension with a receptor mediated endocytosis, which is a desirable capability, can resolve the majority of permeability limiting absorption and associated challenges that adversely affect bioavailability. There are a number of formulation obstacles that protein- and peptide-based medications currently encounter that can be handled well with development of current digital era like Nanosuspension.

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Water insoluble, Nanosuspension, Bioavailability, Mucoadhesive and Resuspendability

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Marketing, Manipulation, Strategic, Unethical, Tactics, Digital Era

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Relative, Inequality, Absolute and Deprivation

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A major silk protein called fibroin consumes the perfect characteristics to be used such as a biomaterial for medication supply. Recently, here has been a proportion of research done on the creation of fibroin nanoparticle (FNPs) aimed at various medicinal purposes. FNP can encapsulate a variation of therapeutic substances, excluding tiny and large molecule, protein, enzyme, vaccine, and hereditary material because of their adaptability and chemical modifiabilitys. FNPs can also be supplied non-parenteral as well as parenteral. The fundamental facts about the origin and properties of silk and fibroin are briefly summarized in this review, which is followed by the most recent information on the techniques used to prepare and characterize FNPs. Additionally, their uses in medicine as a method of drug delivery are thoroughly investigated using a variety of administration methods, including parenteral, oral, trans-dermal, ophthalmic, orthopedic, and respirational. To end with, the issues, potential fixes, and prospects for these systems' future are examined.

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Nanoparticles, Silk Fibrion, Mesalamine, Administration

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During the spread of Corona virus (SARS-CoV 2), health care professionals played a crucial role. In the course of saving lives, healthcare professionals (HCPs) have faced not only physical challenges, but also psychological challenges of various levels and types. The psychological challenges faced by HCPs at covid care centers have been extensively researched and published. This study aimed to highlight the psychological challenges that HCP's face in non-covid cancer care centers. The purpose of the study was to evaluate psychological challenges (physical changes, anxiety, perceived fear, depression, awareness and positivity) experienced by HCPs in a tertiary cancer care facility with purposive sampling (Doctors). Among HCPs, there was a significant fear and anxiety of getting infected and infecting their significant others. It was crucial to maintain an effective, encouraging and motivating workforce through psychological interventions at the right time.

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psychological challenges, fear, anxiety, COVID-19, healthcare professionals, cancer care institute.

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A methodical study has been carried out to explore physico-chemical parameters of drinking water from well and bore hole in and around the villages from Pozhikkarai to Manavalakurichi of Kanyakumari District. Water samples from well and bore hole in four sites namely Pozhikkarai, Periyakadu, Muttom, Manavalakurichi were collected in pre monsoon and post monsoon seasons during 2019 ad 2020 and analyzed for temperature, pH, turbidity, alkalinity, hardness, salinity, fluoride, chloride, total dissolved solids, dissolved oxygen, BOD, electrical conductivity, total nitrogen, nitrate, sulphate, ammonia, phosphate, total phosphorus, sodium, potassium and oxidation & reduction potential. The physico-chemical parameters were analyzed and the results were compared with water quality standards described by WHO. Statistical techniques, calculation of basic statistics, Correlation matrix, Hierarchical Cluster analysis were simultaneously applied to the physico-chemical parameters of water samples taken from in different sites. The above study will be useful to know the water quality and their fitness for drinking purposes at various stations undertaken. Overall water quality was found satisfactory for drinking purpose without prior treatment.

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Bore hole, Shallow well, Pozhikarai, Periyakadu, Muttom, Manavalakurichi, physic-chemical parameters, basic statistics, Correlation matrix, Dendrogram .

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This study aims at assessing selected factors affecting performance appraisal in the Presbyterian Church of East Africa, a case study in Central Region. The researcher based the study on the following objectives: To examine how training affects performance appraisal in church-based organizations in Kenya; To find out how working conditions affect performance appraisal in Church-based organizations in Kenya; To assess the effect of employee attitude on performance appraisal in church based organizations in Kenya; To find out the effect workload has on performance appraisal in church based organization in Kenya. Performance appraisal is a crucial tool in HRM for use in all kinds of Organisations, whether profit making or nonprofit making, private or public, religious or secular and small or large. There has been a dilemma whether performance appraisal is necessary in Church based Organisations which have its human resource drawn mainly from clergy and volunteers who believe that their service is mainly driven by faith and not by supervision or evaluations from earthly masters. For church based organisation which conduct Performance appraisal there are factors which affect the system, In this Study the Researcher selected four of this factors. A Descriptive Survey approach was used in the investigation.The descriptive survey method was utilized in this case since the study is based on the state of conditions as they are in the field, and no variables were changed. The researcher used stratified and purposive random sample approaches to get credible key informants. The total number interviewed were 84 respondents, including: 21 Ministers, 21, Pairing elders, 21 Evangelists 21 Secretaries. Data was subsequently evaluated utilizing descriptive analysis techniques. Frequencies, percentages, summing ratings, and Mean are among the descriptive analysis approaches. To evaluate the data and exhibit it in tables and charts, computer-based quantitative data products (SPSS Version 22.0) were employed. To analyse qualitative data, the content analysis method was applied. The Nvivo 8 computer suite was used to analyse all data acquired from Focused Group Discussions or In-depth Interviews. The researcher also used the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 22.0. In the Study it has been observed that P.C.E.A embraces performance appraisal and in its GAC of 2013 the Business committee which runs the Church from one General Assembly to the other ,it was instructed to ensure that there is use of current management skills to ensure formulation and implementation of church programmes.The church since the time has been having the practice of performance appraisal in some of its parishes and presbyteries. The results in the study show that; on how training affect Performance Appraisal and to what extent, majority of the respondents indicated it is great at 60% while 40% showed it was greater. Effect of Working condition has 80% indicating it is Greater and 20% responding it is great. On extent of effect of attitude,55%felt it is Greatest 27%Greater and 18% great. Finally on the extent of effect of Workload, 37% responded it is greater at 37% and 63% responding it is great. It is therefore evident from this Study that Training,working condition, employee attitude has a significant effect to Performance appraisal. The study recommend Training of both the Appraisee and appraiser before the Appraisal exercise and establish systems that promote attitude, while improving on the working Conditions and ensuring the right Workload.

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THE EFFECT OF SELECTED FACTORS ON PERFORMANCE APPRAISAL IN THE PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH OF EAST AFRICA. A SURVEY OF SELECT PRESBYTERIES OF THE PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH OF EAST AFRICA (CENTRAL REGION),KENYA

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ABSTRACT The phrase "social media" is used to describe a wide range of digital platforms that allow users to publish, distribute, and debate user-generated material. In order to better understand how social media has affected our society, we'll be breaking it down into its component parts. Numerous studies have revealed both positive and harmful results from frequent social media use. Increases in social engagement and communication, educational opportunities, and access to health-related information are all positive outcomes. Increases in mental health issues like depression and anxiety, as well as criminal behavior like catfishing, bullying, and even terrorist acts, are just some of the negative effects of social media on communities. To a large extent, positive results may be expected when individuals use social media for the correct reasons and to accomplish their goals. Organizations with a stake in this issue should work together to limit any negative effects and maximize any positive ones.

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Keywords: Effect social media, Impacts of media, society etc.

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जैविक घटक मानवी जीवनाच्या सर्व क्षेत्रात परिणाम घडवून आणतात. प्राचीन काळापासून युद्धे वा संघर्ष होतहोती. या संघर्षात अतिरेकी संघटना किंवा व्यक्तींद्वारे जैविक घटकांचा वउपयोग केला जात होता. ज्याची व्याख्या जैविक दहशतवाद म्हणून केली जाते. ज्यामध्ये सूक्ष्मजंतू आणि त्यांचे विष जैविक शस्त्र म्हणून वापरले गेले आहेत. वर्तमान परिस्थितीत आण्विक, अनुवांशिक पद्धतींच्या अनुवांशिक रचना बदलून, नवीन वैशिष्ट्यांसह सूक्ष्मजीव तयार करणे शक्य झाले आहे जे त्यांना अधिक प्राणघातक बनविले जाते. अतिरेकी आता नवीन, अधिक विध्वंसक आणि सहज प्रवेश करण्यायोग्य शस्त्रे शोधत असल्याने शीतयुद्धानंतरच्या काळात जैविक शस्त्रांच्या वापरामुळे धोका निर्माण होत आहे, जैव दहशतवादी हल्ल्यांचा धोका भूतकाळापेक्षा वर्तमान काळात एक जागतिक आव्हान बनले आहे.

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इतिहास, जैव दहशतवाद, जैविक शस्त्रे, अस्त्रे, जैविक घटक, संघर्ष, युद्ध

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Key words: female subjugation, patriarchy, feminine suffering, male domination, woman, society, morals.

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Murraya koenigii also distinguishes as a curry greenery trees and one of the most valuable medicinal plant in India and Srilanka. Curry leaves can be found in a variety of recipes. Curry leaves have a various health benefit and used for the treatment of various disease. The study extraction, isolation and identification of the cardiac glycoside in fresh curry leaves. Extraction of the curry leaves in alcoholic solvent and water. The study was done to find out the phytochemicalconstituents present in curry leaf [Murraya koenigii]. cardiac glycoside was extracted in alcohol. Cardiac glycosides are found in large quantities in alcoholic extraction of curry leaves. Identification tests and Isolations methods of the cardiac glycoside was done by chemical method. Quantification and identification of cardiac glycoside using various types of chromatography like Thin layer chromatography (TLC), liquid Chromatography-Mass spectrometry (LCMS). Antibactarial properties of Cardiac glycoside tested Escherichia coli (gram negative) by starch agar well diffusion method. Other Application of cardiac glycoside like antifungal properties of Cardiac glycoside tested candida by disc diffusion method, antioxidant ABTS method, antiviral properties.

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phytochemicalconstituents, cardiac glycoside, Quantification, Antibacterial, Antifungal, Antioxidant, Antiviral

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Plants have been one of the most important source of medicines since the beginning of human civilization. Plant-based medications, health goods, pharmaceuticals, food supplements, and cosmetics are in high demand. Murraya koenigii, often known as the curry leaf tree, is a multipurpose tree that provides therapeutic goods. This research aims to give a summary of the chemical constituents found in Murraya koenigii leaf extract, with a focus on their pharmacological effects. Leaf extracts were used to conduct qualitative and quantitative phytochemicals screening in two distinct solvents: water and methanol. The goal of this research was to find out what phytochemicals components were present in curry leaf extract. The extracts contained glycosides, alkaloids, oils, spooning, cardiac glycosides, phenols, terpenoids, and flavonoids, according to spectral phytochemicals analysis by LC-MS and FTIR. Isolation, purification, and multiplication culture development methods were used to test the extract's antibacterial effectiveness against Staphylococcus aurous grime +Ve round shaped bacteria. TLC was performed on Murraya koenigii leaf extract, which revealed various Rf values. The extract that yielded promising results was column fractionated, and the obtained fractions were tested for antibacterial and antioxidant activities using a spot assay. The antibacterial and antioxidant activity of Murraya koenigii leaf extract demonstrated that plants had both antimicrobial and antioxidant activity, according to the findings.

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Curry leaves , Extraction , Sepration, cotttan , Identification , Column Chromatography.

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People when they are shopping at a large shopping complex, people frequently go over their allotted spending limit. Moreover, they end up in long waits at the end of their shopping waiting for the things to be scanned and billed. The a fore mentioned issues are easily solved by the Smart Shopping Cart. It assists the customer in ensuring that he stays within his predetermined budget and only purchases the necessities for himself. Additionally, the system helps to reduce long lines at the checkout counter because the products have already been scanned; the customer only needs to pay the bill and bag the items bought. The method is advantageous for shopping malls because it can assist in lowering the number of billing counters, which will help to drastically lower labor costs.

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RFID, Arduino, LED/LCD, IR Sensor, Motion Sensor, Weight Sensor

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One of the most important freedom and right which is provided through the Indian Constitution to its citizens is the freedom of speech and expression. Among other fundamental rights, the freedom of speech is considered the most important freedom because this is the basic right without which other rights have no value until a person has right to express what he feels, his other freedoms are worthless. Freedom of speech and expression has been provided under article 19 (1) (a) of the Constitution of India. India is a democratic country and to preserve the essential feature of democracy, freedom of press as now included in the freedom of speech and expression is necessary. It is important to note that freedom of press was not there in the constitution when it was implemented. The freedom of press was included in the freedom of speech after Supreme Court judgment in the case of Romesh Thaper vs. State of Madras . In this case the apex court observed that the freedom of press is the most important part of freedom of speech and expression. Justice Patanjali Sastri in the instant case observed that freedom of press includes propagation the view and ideas and that freedom is ensured by the freedom of press. Freedom of press includes news papers and films i.e. motion pictures as medium to express the views among which motion pictures are much important because it is interesting as well as easy to express the views with the help of pictures with sound effects and drama. However, presently the concept and quality of pictures i.e. movies, serials etc have completely changed. Though the motion pictures are subject to censorship but the change between the theme, story and concept of the films can be seen apparently from the past to present.

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Fundamental Rights, Fundamental Duties, censorship, movies, democracy

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The main aim of our research was to development And Evaluation of Topical Drug Delivery for Wound Healing in Diabetic Patients. Topical route is most suitable route for skin infections. The development of topical drug delivery systems designed to have systemic effects appears to be beneficial for a number of drugs on account of the several advantages over conventional routes of drug administration. A novel cream formulation consisting of Vildagliptin was prepared. The formulation was subjected to in-vitro diffusion studies and in-vitro cell line study. No change of the physical properties was observed; the pH was in a proper range (approximately pH 4.60 to 5.78). The formulations showed good spread ability, no evidence of phase separation and good consistency during this study period. Prepared formulation show good drug release and in-vitro cell line study show the moderate wound healing activity. Batch F8 show the optimum drug release and good wound healing activity. So it is concluded that optimized batch is F8. From the present study it can be concluded that it is possible to develop creams containing Vildagliptin having wound healing property and can be used as the provision of a barrier to protect skin.

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Vildagliptin, cream, in-vitro cell line study, Spreadability.

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Make in India, Industrial Economy, Manufacturing Hub.

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hydrogel formation by beta cyclodextrin and SDS .b cyclodextrin act as host and SDS act as a guest molecule and they form inclusion complex.

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SDS, b cyclodextrin ,hydrogel, rheology, FT-IR Spectroscopy , TEM.

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