Volume 13 | Issue 10

 Abstract

Schiff base metal complexes have gained increasing attention due to their broad functional diversity and straightforward synthesis. Their capacity to coordinate with various transition metals imparts distinct biological and physicochemical characteristics. Within biomedical research, these complexes exhibit a spectrum of therapeutic activities such as antimicrobial, anticancer, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiviral properties indicating significant potential in medicinal chemistry and drug discovery. In industrial applications, Schiff base metal complexes act as efficient corrosion inhibitors for metals and alloys exposed to aggressive media. Their performance in this role is attributed to adsorption on the metal surface, protective-film formation, and strong electronic interactions between donor atoms and the metal substrate. This comprehensive review highlights the dual potential of Schiff base metal complexes in therapeutic applications and corrosion inhibition, emphasizing structure activity relationships, mechanistic insights, and recent advancements. Furthermore, challenges and future research directions are discussed to provide a foundation for the design of novel Schiff base complexes with enhanced biomedical efficacy and industrial utility.

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Schiff base, Metal complexes, Therapeutic applications, Anticorrosive agents, Corrosion inhibition, Biomedical activity, Medicinal chemistry

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The pharmaceutical industry is rapidly evolving, with Quality Assurance (QA) playing a vital role in ensuring product safety, efficacy, and regulatory compliance. This review explores recent advancements in QA methodologies, focusing on regulatory adherence, operational efficiency, and the adoption of emerging technologies. It highlights the integration of Industry 4.0 paradigms such as IoT, AI, and blockchain to enhance transparency, traceability, and product integrity across the supply chain. Additionally, it emphasizes the growing importance of risk-based approaches and the adaptive role of global regulatory authorities in fostering continuous improvement in pharmaceutical manufacturing

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Quality Assurance, Quality by Design (QbD), Industry Concept, Pharmaceutical Manufacturing, Process Analytical Technology (PAT).

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 Abstract

Bharat me krushi Upaj Mandiyo Ka Etihasik Adhyana :

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Bharat me krushi Upaj Mandiyo Ka Etihasik Adhyana :

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The AI-Based Personalized Learning Platform integrates Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, and Data Analytics to revolutionize the education experience for both students and faculty. The system personalizes learning pathways by continuously analyzing quiz performance, engagement patterns, and topic comprehension levels. Using an intelligent quiz-based progress analysis model, it dynamically adjusts the difficulty of study materials and recommends additional content to address weak areas. Faculty members gain access to real-time student progress dashboards, enabling data-driven teaching decisions and individualized mentoring. The platform also incorporates Natural Language Processing (NLP)-based feedback and automated content summarization, helping students understand complex concepts in simpler terms. By combining adaptive learning, real-time analytics, and AI-guided recommendations, this system enhances academic performance, student engagement, and overall learning efficiency in modern educational environments.

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Artificial Intelligence, Personalized Learning, Adaptive Education System, Machine Learning, Quiz-Based Progress Analysis, Faculty Dashboard, Student Analytics.

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In multilingual India, the skill in English remains a ranking issue of academic success and social-economic mobility. Nonetheless, students with a school background in Bengali language still face the same challenge as they do not successfully acquire effective English-speaking skills despite years of study. This study investigates the contextual issues underlying oral fluency with these learners especially regarding curriculum design, examination-based teaching and learning, as well as the insufficient experience of real communicative practices. Most of the institutions in the Bengali medium prescribe a syllabus that gives more emphasis on reading and writing abilities than oral ability and therefore provides an imbalance between language knowledge and communicative abilities. There is also a very strong culture of exam mentality that does not encourage spontaneous speech and communication since the students are taught to repeat memorized materials but not to have a conversation in real life. The socio-cultural setting also restricts the exposure to English discussions in and out of the classroom, which also strengthens linguistic reluctance and insecurity. By using the method of qualitative interviews, classroom observations, and teacher-student surveys, this research aims to find out the pedagogical gaps and socio-psychological barriers that influence the English oracy. The results indicate the need to incorporate communicative language teaching (CLT) practices, change curriculum goals, and facilitate a conversational learning environment. Finally, the paper supports a change in product-based language learning to the process-oriented model that fosters active participation, interaction, and confidence among the learners using Bengali medium.

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English Oracy, Bengali Medium Education, Curriculum Constraints, Communicative Language Teaching (CLT), Socio-Cultural Barriers, Exam-Oriented Learning

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Budesonide, a potent corticosteroid used in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), suffers from poor site-specific delivery and extensive first-pass metabolism. Colon-specific drug delivery can enhance its local effect and minimize systemic exposure. The present study aimed to formulate eco-friendly budesonide-loaded nanoparticles using biodegradable natural polymers (chitosan, pectin, and alginate) via aqueous ionic-gelation and to optimize key formulation parameters using a Box-Behnken design. The nanoparticles were characterized for particle size, polydispersity index (PDI), zeta potential, morphology, encapsulation efficiency (EE), and in-vitro drug release under simulated gastrointestinal conditions. The optimized nanoparticles were filled into pH-sensitive capsules for colon targeting. The approach avoids toxic organic solvents, employs renewable biopolymers, and aligns with sustainable green chemistry. The expected outcome is a nanoparticle-capsule system with <300 nm particle size, >60 % EE, minimal drug release in stomach/small intestine, and enzyme-triggered release in the colon.

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IBD, ulcerative colitis ,Crohn's disease, IBD management, Nanoparticles, Nanoparticles loaded Capsule

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Menstrual hygiene is a vital aspect of adolescent health and well-being. Despite being a natural physiological process, menstruation is still surrounded by cultural taboos and misconceptions that hinder proper hygienic practices among adolescent girls. This pre-experimental study was undertaken to assess the effectiveness of a structured teaching programme on menstrual hygiene among adolescent girls in a selected PU College at Mangalore.

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Keywords: Menstrual hygiene, adolescent girls, structured teaching, knowledge, reproductive health

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Background: Attention-Deficit/ Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a common neurobehavioral disorder often found in children. It interferes with social, academic and occupational functioning and it is characterized by in-attention, hyperactivity and impulsivity. While ADHD symptoms typically emerge in preschool or early years of life. In Ayurvedic text disorders related to psychiatric and behavioral disturbances are discussed under the chapter of Unmada, the sign and symptoms of ADHD are co-related with Unmada. It is primarily associated with Vata imbalance, leading to hyperactivity, inattention, and impulsivity. As per the Ayurvedic treatment protocol for vata imbalance like Kosthashodhana, Basti, Shirodhara and Nasya, Viddhakarma were followed and before, after treatment and during follow ups assessment of patient was carried out. And found that the given treatment was effective in the management of ADHD. Materials and Methods: The study involved the holistic treatment approach based on Ayurvedic text by using Medhya rasayana, Panchakarma procedures, and Viddhakarma depending upon the predominance of Doshas in the patient of ADHD of age 7 years old male child and the result was monitored. Result: The planned treatment showed benefits in reducing ADHD symptoms in the treated child, as evidenced by improvements noted on the ADHD rating scale. Discussion: Apart from the modern diagnosis like ADHD, Ayurvedic modality of the treatment helped in balance Vata and Pitta doshas. These interventions improved behaviour, and maintain emotional stability without side effects. Ayurveda provides a holistic and natural approach to managing ADHD, offering an effective alternative to conventional treatments.

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Keywords: Swarnaprashan, Pharmacovigilance, safety, Surveillance, Children

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Abstract - Artificial intelligence (AI) is transforming healthcare via diagnosis algorithms, clinical decision support, medical imaging analysis, predictive analytics, and autonomous monitoring systems. Most of these systems are based on cross-national datasets, models, validation efforts, and cloud-based infrastructure. This cross-national feature raises significant legal and regulatory issues in data protection, liability, device certification, and ethical governance. This article presents a comparative legal-policy analysis of cross-border jurisdictional challenges in AI-based healthcare, with special reference to India's emerging regulatory stance in relation to established global models, specifically, the European Union (EU) and the United States (US). The examination combines official tools, regulatory documents, and scholarly work to determine friction areas: cross-border data flows and adequacy, AI medical system classification and pre-/post-market regulation, accountability and civil liability for algorithmic damage, and ethical guardrails in the form of fairness, bias reduction, and transparency. From India's policy papers and moral guidance, EU AI Act provisions and GDPR implications, and FDA guidance for AI/ML in medical devices, the paper provides realistic policy suggestions: interoperable regulatory frameworks, model contractual clauses for data trusts, harmonized liability rules, capacity building for regulators, and international sandboxing for joint validation and conformity assessment. The report ends on an implementable roadmap balancing patient safety and privacy with innovation and international collaboration.

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Keywords - AI in healthcare, cross-border data flows, jurisdiction, India, EU AI Act, FDA SaMD, data protection, liability, medical devices.

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Curcuma longa (turmeric) is widely recognized for its diverse therapeutic properties. It has strong antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and anti dermatophytic (anti-fungal) effects, with curcumin being the primary active ingredient responsible for most of these biological actions. In herbal and traditional medicine, Curcuma longa is well established for external applications, often being used for the treatment of skin infections, wounds, ulcers, and inflammation. Its powder or pastes have also been included in cosmetic and cleansing regimens, making it a suitable natural agent for herbal wet wipes aimed at skincare, antimicrobial purposes, and soothing irritated or inflamed skin. However, as of now, there is a lack of direct evidence from clinical studies specifically focusing on the use of Curcuma longa in commercially available herbal wet wipes. While its efficacy as an antimicrobial and soothing agent is established in creams and oils, more research is warranted to confirm optimal formulations, dosage, and safety for repeated use in wet wipes. On Eulophia herbecea there are currently no search results directly discussing its application or potential in wet wipes, nor is there readily available research tying it to topical or cleansing uses similar to those of Curcuma longa. Most literature focuses on its broader uses in traditional medicine and as part of herbal formulations but not specifically for wet wipes or external cleansing agents.

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Wet wipes, Anti-inflammatory Anti-oxidant,curcunma lounga ,eulophia herbacea ,Hygiene

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Adolescents live at the intersection of rapid digital transformation and critical psychosocial development. While digital technologies offer learning, social connection, and creativity, they also introduce risks to mental health, sleep, attention, privacy, and safety. This paper proposes an integrated, sustainable Digital Wellbeing Ecosystem for Adolescents (DWEA) that links public policy, school-based education, parental engagement, technology design, monitoring & evaluation. The framework emphasizes systems thinking, rights-based policy, age-appropriate curricula, parental capacity-building, and co-regulation between regulators and industry. Operational guidelines, a multi-level implementation plan, monitoring indicators, and research priorities are outlined. The paper aims to provide policymakers, educators, parents, and researchers with a practical roadmap for creating resilient, adolescent-centered digital wellbeing environments.

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digital wellbeing; adolescents; policy framework; digital literacy; parental involvement; school curriculum; mental health; governance

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Blockchain technology has established itself as a transformative force in recent years, revolutionizing various industries and businesses. Its impact has been profound, changing the way people interact in multiple spaces. As blockchain technology continues to evolve, its influence is expected to be felt across several sectors. While it promises to deliver more reliable and convenient services, the security challenges and concerns surrounding this innovative technology necessitate careful consideration.

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Blockchain, Smart Contracts, Security, Privacy

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Clarithromycin, a macrolide antibiotic used for respiratory and Helicobacter pylori infections, exhibits poor acid stability, short half-life, and variable bioavailability, leading to frequent dosing and poor patient compliance. This study aimed to develop extended-release mucoadhesive granules of clarithromycin using spray-drying technology to enhance gastric retention and sustain drug release. Formulations were prepared with mucoadhesive and controlled-release polymers including Carbopol 971P, HPMC, HPC, and polyethylene oxide. The granules were evaluated for micromeritic properties, drug content, swelling index, mucoadhesive strength, and in vitro release behavior. Polymer composition significantly affected release kinetics and adhesion characteristics. The optimized formulation exhibited sustained release following zero-order and Higuchi models, along with strong mucoadhesive properties ensuring prolonged gastric residence. Comparative evaluation with a marketed extended-release product confirmed therapeutic equivalence, indicating clinical relevance. The developed spray-dried mucoadhesive granules provide a promising, scalable approach to overcome limitations of conventional clarithromycin therapy, improving compliance and reducing dosing frequency

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Clarithromycin, Carbopol 971P, Mucoadhesive granules

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Custodial violence is one of the most persistent and disturbing issues to the rule of law, safeguarding human rights, and the sanctity of constitutional governance. The issue of torture, deaths, and abuse within the confines of custody still occurs even with constitutional protections, statutory bans, and judicial policies, to demonstrate how weak the state accountability systems remain. This paper gives a comparative law study on the issue of custodial violence and state responsibility in the United States and India, two democracies that, though having different constitutional traditions, share similarities of individual rights and due process. Using constitutional provisions, statutory frameworks and case law leading judicial precedents, the paper will explore how each jurisdiction conceptualises and applies state responsibility to custodial abuse. It also determines the efficiency of domestic remedy, checks and balances on compliance with international human rights duties through instruments like the United Nations Convention against Torture. The study provides systemic deficits, institutional cultures and enforcement asymmetries as the drivers of impunity through doctrinal, comparative and empirical lenses. The paper is concluded by recommendations on legal and policy changes that can be made to increase accountability, promote transparency and make custodial environments indicative of democratic principles of dignity, justice and inviolability of human life.

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State responsibility, Custodial violence, Comparative legal analysis, Human rights, Police accountability, Constitutional law, Torture prevention, Rule of law.

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Mouth dissolving tablets are those tablets which when placed in mouth get dissolved rapidly in saliva without the need of liquid and can be swallowed. Conventional dosage form such as tablets and capsules are the most popular among all dosage forms existing today because of its convenience of self adminstration, compactness and easy manufacturing. To overcome these problems, mouth dissolving tablets have been developed, which having a good hardness, dose uniformity, easy administration and serves as a first choice of dosage forms for pediatrics, geriatrics and travelling patients. Some tablets are designed to dissolve in saliva remarkably fast,within a few seconds,and are true fast dissolving tablets. This tablets format is designed to allow adminstration of an oral solid dose form in absence of water or fluid intake.Such tablet readily dissolve or disintegrate in saliva generally within < 60 seconds.

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pholorogucinol, mouth dissolving tablets,cosolvents, experimental design, disintegrate, fast dissolving traditional dosage form.

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Information technology has facilitated preservation of the documents, i.e. digital preservation. Institutional repositories are becoming responsible for scholarly content in new ways. This paper highlights some of the initiatives taken in Vasant Rao Naik College for the digital preservation of Rare Book. The article offers suggestions for how your library might best preserve local content.

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Digital Preservation, Institutional Repository, Digital Library, Open Source, D-Space.

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The objective of this paper is to study and find out the difference between aggression and psychological hardiness among 200 school students of Barnala district. Aggression Inventory by Sultania (2006) and Psychological Hardiness Scale by Singh (2011) were used. Descriptive statistics and t-test were employed. The results of the study showed that there is no significant gender and locale difference among school students on aggression. The results of the study also depicted that there is no significant gender and locale difference among school students on psychological hardiness. Moreover, there was a positive and significant relationship between aggression and psychological hardiness of school students.

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Aggression, Psychological Hardiness and School Students

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Thiruvalluvar's social philosophy, as articulated in the "Thirukkural", is characterized by its advocacy for universal human dignity, compassion and social justice, which remain profoundly relevant in contemporary society. The "Thirukkural" promotes ethical values such as equality, charity, non-violence and co-operation, urging individuals and rulers alike to act with responsibility toward the common good. Thiruvalluvar strongly denounces structural inequalities such as caste discrimination and upholds merit and virtue as superior to birth, emphasizing an inclusive social vision where everyone is given equal opportunities. His call for ethical leadership, integrity and fairness in governance resonates with modern demands for transparency and moral accountability in public administration. Furthermore, Thiruvalluvar's focus on self-control, family values and mutual respect within social relationships provides a timeless framework for nurturing social harmony and personal well-being. He extends the principle of compassion to all sentient beings, anticipating contemporary concerns such as environmental ethics and humanitarianism. The "Thirukkural"'s pragmatic yet ideal approach centered on virtue (Aram), material prosperity (Porul) and enjoyment (Inbam) grounds moral philosophy in wordly existence, making it universally applicable across cultures and eras. In today's world of increasing social fragmentation, environmental crises and rising inequality, Thiruvalluvar's teachings on justice, co-operation and the welfare of the marginalized offer valuable ethical guidance for building inclusive, resilient and peaceful communities. His wisdom continues to inspire global audiences and affirm the enduring relevance of ancient ethical thought in addressing modern social challenges.

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Thiruvalluvar, "Thirukkural", social philosophy, justice, compassion, governance, equality, virtue.

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Geographical Indications (GIs) serve as pivotal tool in identifying goods originating from specific regions, reflecting the unique qualities, reputation, or characteristics attributable to that origin. While the World Trade Organisation's (WTO) agreement on Trade-Related Aspect of Intellectual Property Right (TRIPS) provides a foundational framework for GI protection, its application predominantly favor's agricultural products. Historically, GI protection has focused agriculture products and foodstuffs (wine, cheese, tea, rice) but many non-agricultural goods (handicrafts, textiles, ceramics, metalware, industrial design-linked products) also prosses qualities intimately tied to place of origin and local known knowledge. This paper tries to examines the doctrinal footing of GI protection under TRIPS, analyses key disputes and national practices (with emphasis on WTO disputes and notable national/regional developments), evaluates doctrinal and practical obstacles to expanding heightened protection to non-agriculture products, and proposes legal and policy pathways for expanding protection while balancing trademark and trade interests.

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GI, WTO, Protection, Non agricultural products

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The study aimed to assess the effectiveness of Kangaroo Mother Care (KMC) on maternal and neonatal parameters among postnatal mothers of preterm babies admitted to the NICU at SVRR Government General Hospital, Tirupati. A pre-experimental, one-group pre-test post-test design was used. Data were collected from 50 postnatal mothers using a non-probability convenient sampling technique. Maternal parameters such as uterine height, lactation, blood pressure, stress, pain, and breastfeeding attachment were analyzed, along with neonatal parameters like weight gain, vital signs, feeding pattern, and bonding. The findings indicated significant improvement in maternal and neonatal outcomes after four days of KMC, with statistical significance at p<0.05 and p<0.01 levels. The study concluded that KMC is an effective, low-cost nursing intervention that improves both maternal and neonatal parameters and enhances bonding.

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Kangaroo Mother Care, Neonatal Parameters, Maternal Parameters, Preterm Infants, Nursing Intervention

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