Volume 11 | Issue 10

 Abstract

Background: Low back pain (LBP) is a prevalent issue affecting healthcare professionals, including staff nurses working in the operation theatre. This study aims to assess the prevalence of LBP in this specific population and identify the factors contributing to its occurrence. The findings of this research are intended to support the development of an informational booklet on exercises to alleviate low back pain. Objectives: This study pursues two primary objectives: firstly, to evaluate the prevalence of low back pain among staff nurses working in the operation theatre, and secondly, to identify and assess the factors contributing to the development of low back pain in this occupational group. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted, involving 108 staff nurses working in the operation theatre. The sample was purposively selected, and the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) was used to assess the prevalence of low back pain, categorized into five levels of severity. The study identified and examined nine factors contributing to low back pain, including frequent standing, excessive workload, stress, patient assistance, frequent patient lifting, staff shortage, poor body mechanics, frequent bed movements, and carrying heavy medical equipment. Results: The results of this study revealed that among the participating nurses, 50 (46.29%) reported no low back pain, 42 (38.88%) experienced mild LBP, 15 (13.88%) had moderate LBP, while one (0.92%) reported severe LBP. Notably, no participant had complete LBP disability. The nine identified contributing factors were ranked as follows: frequent standing (89.81%), excessive workload (79.63%), stress (77.78%), patient assistance (72.22%), frequent patient lifting (59.25%), staff shortage (53.70%), poor body mechanics and frequent bed movements (52.78%), and carrying heavy medical equipment (42.59%). Conclusion: Low back pain is a prevalent issue among staff nurses in the operation theatre. This study's findings provide a comprehensive understanding of LBP's prevalence and contributing factors in this specific work environment. The insights gained will be instrumental in creating an exercise information booklet tailored to the needs of staff nurses, offering strategies for LBP relief and prevention.

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low back pain, staff nurses, operation theatre, prevalence, contributing factors, exercise booklet, healthcare professionals, occupational health.

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Stroke causing Hemiplegia, limits mobility over a long period of time by causing physical & functional disorder which results in difficulty in daily living tasks. The patients are limited both at their home and community. Stroke patients exhibit inefficient walking because of decreased dynamic balance ability, as well as decreased musculoskeletal function. Also, the relationship between cognition and motor control after neurological damage has significant implications for understanding the recovery. Dual tasking means carrying out two or more tasks at the same time. As most activities that take place in the everyday life occur as two or more tasks, such simulation was attempted by this study for hemiplegics.

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Hemiplegia, Dual-tasking, Hopscotch, FAB, CASP.

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An international trade in any country plays a very crucial role in the growth of an economy specifically when there is recession. There was a drastic slowdown during the recession of 2008. The result of the slowdown is recession in advanced as well as emerging market economies. The emerging market economies have suffered from the recession already but there is even a greater impact on growth due to external factors. The slowdown in the United States impacted highly on the Indian economy wherein the trade was mainly due to financial linkages and trade linkages. The research paper has mainly discussed about the analysis of Indian trade and impact on Indian import and export during the global recession. The research paper shows the challenges and contribution of the economies towards Gross Domestic Product.

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KEY WORDS : International Trade, recession, financial linkages, trade linkages, Gross Domestic Product.

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By fulfilling the load demand with the best force era scheduling, power systems or frameworks can operate economically. The main category of difficulties with optimal power flow is fuel cost minimization. The control variables in the economic load dispatch (ELD) problem are actual power generators of different types. The power framework managers will benefit economically from optimal real power scheduling, which will also lessen the release of damaging gases. Prior to now, numerous traditional optimisation calculations have been applied improperly to address the optimal power flow problems[1].This article focuses on the smart grid's economic dispatch issue (EDP). The goal of this problem is to reduce the overall cost of power generating while maintaining supply and demand balance and power generation capacity limits.

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Optimization, Load Dispatch, Real Power, Power System, Economics.

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A digital story is a short multimedia narrative that combines text, images, audio, and/or video to convey a message or tell a story. Digital storytelling has a rich history, with roots in oral storytelling, folklore, and narrative theory. In recent years, digital storytelling has gained traction as a form of multimedia storytelling that combines text, images, audio, and video to convey a message. The use of technology in storytelling has become increasingly popular in recent years. In this study, we analyzed a sample of digital stories using a qualitative research approach. available online and had a significant online following. revealed that digital stories utilize a variety of narrative structures and forms, including linear, non-linear, and interactive narratives. We found that technology plays a significant role in shaping the narrative structure and form of digital stories, providing new and innovative ways to engage the audience. The use of technology democratizes the storytelling process, allowing anyone to tell their story and share it with a global audience. Digital tools allow storytellers to experiment with different formats, structures, and styles, giving them more creative freedom to tell their stories.

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Digital Storytelling, Business Communication, Narratives

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This study has been undertaken to investigate the narrative techniques used in the selected works as follows. The works are "How to save a life" by Sara Zarr, "Diary of the Wimpy Kid" by Jeff Kinny and "Three Mistakes of Life" by Chetan Bhagat. In the last few years, narrative research has extended its scope beyond the theoretical question 'What is narrative?' and integrated the leading theoretical debates.

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Narrative Techniques, narratology, narrative voices, point of view

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In this paper concerns with proposing two general1zed classes of estimators utilizing both types of information, apriori and sample, for the estimation of coefficient vector in classical linear regression model. Bias vectors, mean square matrices and weighted quadratic risks are found employing large asymptotic theories. Some better estimators in the sense of having lesser risk than those of the estimators already in the literature are investigated.In generalized classes of estimators in regression models with apron information deals with developing generalized classes of estimators. There two generalized classes of estimator QUASIMIMIMAX and MOCK-MINIMAX estimators utilizing both types of estimator information, apron and sample in large sample asymptotic approach due to KADANE (1871), we find the approximation bias, risk associated with b1 * and b2 * and compare from Ordinary least Square estimator b.

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MIMIMAX and MOCK-MINIMAX, large asymptotic.

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In this paper, we have attempted to trace the emergence of Ecopolitics among the Adi community of Arunachal Pradesh in Northeast India, in the context of Indian author Mamang Dai's novel Escaping the Land. We have placed the understanding of Ecopolitics under Post-structural literary theory as explained by Verena Andermatt Conley. We have examined the Animistic faith and the sense of Belongingness that determine the ecocentric nature of the lifeworld of Adis. In the narrative, due to various kinds of cultural displacement, the Adis are faced with the dilemma of having to choose between their ancestral values and a strange, modern worldview, and this confusion seems to pervade all walks of their lifeworld. We have adopted postcolonial literary theory of 'Place and Displacement' by Ashcroft et al. to talk about the identity crisis faced by the Adis along with the slow progression of an unmapped wild 'land' into a modern state, and how in the struggle to catch up with the outside world, the land crumbles under a destructive world order. We have analysed the role of Ecopolitics in driving public opinion, and the creation of a bioregional identity which is more attuned to the politics of Environmentalism. We have adopted a pragmatic approach to the current conservation debates by proposing Ecopolitics as an effective solution to the current ecological crisis and to minimize conflict of interest in human-nature relationships within the realm of the Anthropocene.

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Ecopolitics, Cultural Displacement, Lifeworld, Belongingness, Bioregionalism

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Today man realized the need to protect and preserve the environment for the sustenance of coming generations in this mother earth, at the meantime meeting the requirements of present generation. This problem can be practically solved by popularizing the consumption of green products, thus to popularize the concept of green consumerism. Green products are those products developed from locally available resources, which are less detrimental to the earth as well as to the health of man, less toxic, bio degradable with environmentally friendly packaging. They can be recycled, reused, thus reducing wastage and are sustainable. This study pertains to the motivating factors behind the demand for green products in Kerala. The tools used for the research includes descriptive statistics and factor analysis tested through spider diagram. The research instrument commonly used for the said analysis is a structured questionnaire with both closed ended questions and open-ended questions so that needed information can be collected effectively. Recently, a paradigm shift from voracious consumption to green consumption is being witnessed in Kerala. key words- environmentally friendly, Green Consumerism, Green Consumption, Green Products, Motivating factors,

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key words- environmentally friendly, Green Consumerism, Green Consumption, Green Products, Motivating factors

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Internet services often recommend content to users in order to maintain the interaction. A recommendation system plays a significant role in formulating and producing a series of recommendations based on users' behavior. Surprisingly, user-generated scoring known as ratings is the main raw material to learn the pattern of favorable content of each user.

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Data Science, Frontend, Python

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Supreme Court has organized Chief Justices conferences which has passed resolutions in 2006, 2009, 2013, 2015 & 2016, in order to setup and strengthen Juvenile Justice Boards & Committees. Supreme courts Committee on Juvenile Justice was setup in August 2013 to ensure the proper working of Juvenile justice Act 2000 (earnest and now 2015 act). Lack of guidance for functioning of the High court Juvenile Justice Committee of different High courts. The need of the study is to check whether the Chief Justice- conference to strengthen Juvenile Justice Committee, in every High court is fulfilled. The scope of the Research paper is limited to Juvenile Justice Committees of all states High courts functioning according to Chief Justice Conference resolutions 2006, 2009, 2013, 2015 & 2016.

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Supreme Court Juvenile Justice Committee, High Court Juvenile Justice Committee, Chief Justice Conference, Resolutions, All High courts Juvenile Justice Committees

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attitudes, and practices related to clothing among post-mastectomy women. Methods: We collected data from 100 post-mastectomy women who were attending surgical OPD. We included volunteered post-mastectomy women with signed informed consent. We gathered data by the Mastectomy Attitude Scale and questionnaire of problems, and practices regarding clothing style and analysed them by basic descriptive statistics. Results: Following mastectomy 21% were not happy with the fit of the clothes that were available to buy - (wear them without pinning or sewing them to make them conceal their scars and fit the changes in their body). 31% felt breast prostheses made them more desirable. 41% were less concerned about their appearance than before. The majority of subjects felt hesitation while purchasing clothes. Conclusion: A lot of discrepancies were observed regarding clothing problems, attitudes, and practices. The doctors and other health personnel are to be sensitized regarding the need for giving health education to the patients related to problems and practices of clothing style after mastectomy.

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Attitude, Practice, post-mastectomy, clothing

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Polymeric surfactant based on sorbitol and starch has been successfully synthesized. In the present piece of research work major quantity of sorbitol and maize starch and lower quantity of organic acid and anhydride is used for the synthesis of polymeric surfactants. These polymers may be ecofriendly as they are totally vegetable based product. The HLB ratio of polymers clearly indicates it's used in detergents. All these polymers has a potential to substitute petroleum based acid slurry and alpha olefin sulfonate. Preparation of polymers is comparable and suitable for commercial production. Economically they are cheaper than petroleum based product.

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Sorbitol, Starch, organic acids, polymeric surfactant.

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Keyword:- oral health, medicinal plant, herbal mouthwash, gingivitis, tooth decay

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The study was to assess the customer satisfaction and perception towards traditional retail store and supermarket. The study was conducted in Kerala market. The researcher has taken out 300 samples randomly from the total population of customers of supermarket over retail store. The researcher intends to examine the customer perception and customer satisfaction towards supermarkets in Kerala.The target population for this research includes the potential customers of the supermarkets in kerala. Every walk -in customers were the main target group. Both primary and secondary data were used in this research. Primary data was the data samples collected from the questionnaires and survey. Secondary data includes data collected from literature review, works of notable scholars etc. majority of customers are educated, advertisement and branding for the supermarket could be increased which will aid in gaining more customers into purchasing from the store. The data collected was analyzed and found that most of the customers purchase more often as a bulk every month. Convenient parking space was a major concern to majority of respondents in the research study.Providing a food session in supermarkets would attract more customers into the store.Home delivery on accurate time was also a concern for the regular customers. Different strategies on introducing online services could also initiate to improve sales further to reach company target and to maximize customer perception and satisfaction.

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Customers, Supermarkets,Customer perception , Customer satisfaction, Kerala.

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Eye, which is the most vital organ of the body suffer from various eye problems like glaucoma. Endopthalmitis , dry eye syndrome, trachoma, keratitis, conjunctivitis etc. Most ocular diseases are treated by topical drug application in the form of solutions, suspensions and ointment. These conventional dosage forms suffer from the problems of poor ocular bioavailability because of dilution and rapid drainage. Prolonged drug delivery can be achieved by various new dosage forms like in-situ gel, collagen shield , minidisc, ocular film, ocusert , nanosuspension, nanoparticulate system, liposomes, niosomes, dendrimers, ocular iontophoresis etc. The most successful of these is the in-situ forming ophthalmic drug delivery systems prepared from polymers that exhibit reversible liquid-gel phase transition. The aim of this article is to present a concise review of in-situ gelling system to overcome all above problems. This review also summarizes various temperature, pH, and ion induced in-situ forming polymeric systems used to achieve prolonged contact time of drugs with the cornea and increase their bioavailability.

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in situ gel, novel drug delivery system, polymers.

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The significance of crime forensic data within the criminal justice system is of utmost importance. However, conventional methods of storing this sensitive information have long been plagued by issues such as susceptibility to tampering, human errors, and the ever-present threat of cyber-attacks. This paper introduces an innovative solution, leveraging blockchain technology to establish a tamper-proof, decentralized repository for crime forensic data. In contrast to existing techniques that often rely on manual documentation or centralized servers, the proposed blockchain-based system offers inherent data integrity, auditability, and robust security features. By transitioning to a decentralized model, not only does it mitigate the risk of unauthorized alterations, but it also fosters a more transparent and trustworthy environment for all stakeholders involved in the judicial process. The paper delves into the architectural considerations, security features, and potential challenges associated with the implementation of this blockchain-based system. Initial findings suggest that this approach has the potential to significantly enhance the credibility and reliability of crime forensic data, thereby contributing to a more just and effective criminal justice system. Through a comprehensive review of existing literature, real-world case studies, and an analysis of potential hurdles such as scalability, privacy, and regulatory considerations, this paper provides valuable insights for both practitioners and researchers in the field of forensic science, criminal justice, and technology. It underscores the imperative need for collaborative efforts among technology experts, law enforcement agencies, and legal authorities to harness the full potential of blockchain in the management of forensic evidence. Embracing innovative solutions like blockchain, the criminal justice system can progress toward a more dependable and efficient approach to preserving and managing critical evidence, ultimately enhancing the integrity and fairness of legal proceedings.

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Block Chain

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3D printing technology has brought about significant changes in several industries, including the construction sector. The utilization of 3D printing technology in the construction sector, commonly referred to as additive manufacturing in construction (AMC), presents considerable potential for revolutionizing the industry by enhancing productivity, promoting environmental sustainability, and enabling more design adaptability. This study summarizes the findings of an extensive survey done within the construction sector to examine the implementation and anticipated outcomes of 3D printing technology.

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3D Printing Technology, Additive Manufacturing in Construction (AMC), Construction Sector Innovation, Implementation and Outcomes

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In 1895, Gugliemo Marconi sent his first wireless radio transmission at Pontecchio, Italy. A few years later (in 1901) he detected radio waves beamed across the Atlantic. Initially invented for telegraph, radio is now a major medium for audio broadcasting.Television was the new media for the 20th century. It brings the video and has since changed the world of mass communications.Furthermore the satellite, computers, audio, and video converged to create new media with enormouspotential combinedwith the advances inhardware and software, these technologieswere able to provide enhanced learning facility and with attention to the specific needs of individual users. Multimedia technology empowers the educational process by means of increased interaction between teachers, students, and courseware also innovative ways to make learning more dynamic, longer lasting, and more applicable to the world outside the classroom.

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Multimedia, E-learning, Multimedia Technologies, Educational Technology, Multimedia Courseware, Multimedia Classroom.

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Thermal power plant, generate in huge amount of waste material, these waste materials are very hazardous for human being as well for nature. The fly ash is the residual waste, which obtained as a by-product after combustion of coal in thermal power station. The fly ash can be reused, recycled and can be compounded with suitable inorganic chemicals to get value added product it can be converted into hard and strong tiles and many more value added products hence fly ash has prime importance in waste management. In this paper fly ash, powder collected from thermal power plant Durgapur (M.S.) India. Fly ash powder investigated using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). A.C. electrical conductivity in a frequency range of 100Hz-10 KHz studied and experimentally it found that the a. c. electrical conductivity depend on the frequency and conductivity increases with increasing frequency.

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Fly Ash, Characteristics, SEM, XRD and Electrical Conductivity

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