Volume 13 | Issue 10

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UV spectrophotometric, Probe Sonication, Betamethasone and Mupirocin validation

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Background :Hamstring tightness--where one cannot completely extend the knee while the hip is flexed is prevalent in 40.17% of young college students. Flexibility for this muscle can be improved using two primary methods: Static stretching is the most common technique that directly lengthens the muscle, while the Muscle Energy Technique (MET) uses the muscle's own energy through gentle isometric contractions to achieve relaxation and subsequent lengthening via the mechanism of autogenic or reciprocal inhibition. Aim :To compare the immediate effect of static stretching with Kinesio taping vs muscle energy technique with Kinesio taping on hamstring flexibility in athletes. Methodology : Participatnts were briefed about the nature of the study and the intervention. Their informed written consent were taken. 116 participants were selected based on criteria. Pre and post treatment outcome measures, passive knee extension test and NPRS were measured. Participants were randomly divided into two groups with n=58 in each group. Group A is Static stretching with KT and Group B is MET with KT. Result : Result proves that both the groups were clinically significant but MET with KT was the better effect than static stretching with KT. Conclusion : MET with KT and static stretching with KT were significant in terms of clinical outcome ,hence the study concluded that the Static stretching with KT as well as MET with KT are effective , but the higher the Effect size better is the clinical improvement post treatment. It is simple and easy to apply on hamstring tightness subjects.so it can be implemented clinically as well.

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hamstring tightness, muscle energy technique, static stretching, kinesio taping,

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The contribution of computer science (AI) in the field of education has invariably been important. From robotic teaching to the event of an automatic system for answer sheet analysis, AI has invariably helped the lecturers and also the students. The analysis of the developments that were applied across the world like computer science ,techniques applied to education sector thus summarize and highlight the role of AI in teaching and student's analysis. Our study shows that AI is that the backbone of all the information science enabling intelligent tutor systems. These systems helps in developing qualities like self-reflection, responsive deep queries, partitioning conflict statements, generating artistic queries, and choice-making skills.

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Artificial Intelligence, Indian Education, Teaching and Learning.

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The archetypal mythical figures renowned for their mischievous features are called tricksters. This paper entitled "Nanabush on a Motorcycle: Trickster Tale in Drew Hayden Taylor's Motorcycles & Sweetgrass: A Novel" is an attempt to trace out the characteristics of the trickster figure. Specifically, the paper endeavours to point out the intricate similarities and features of the mythical trickster figure Nanabush, and John, a character in Taylor's novel. One feature leads to another which is one of the peculiarities of these mythical beings. Tricksters are well known for their shape-shifting abilities, which they utilise to play tricks upon others. Certain tales present tricksters as comical, cultural-heroes, and even as saviours of culture. Trickster tends to challenge and question societal norms as they are entitled as taboo-breakers and boundary-crossers. By drawing parallels between the trickster figure Nanabush and the selected literary character, the analysis delves into their shared attributes, for instance, cunningness, shape-shifting, and roles as cultural carriers. Merging ancient myth and contemporary narrative, Taylor gives the trickster a position of renewal, resilience and cultural commentary in the present society

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Trickster, Nanabush, Myth, Mysterious, Shape-shifting, Imitating, Persuasion

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Battery Management Systems (BMS), Remaining Useful Life (RUL), Machine Learning (ML), Support Vector Regression (SVR), ML-driven models, Random Forest (RF), and Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost)

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Battery health monitoring is a critical aspect of ensuring the longevity and reliability of lithium-ion batteries used in electric vehicles (EVs) and energy storage systems. Accurately predicting the Remaining Useful Life (RUL) of batteries and diagnosing faults are key components of effective battery management systems (BMS). This paper explores various machine learning (ML) methods employed for battery health monitoring, focusing on RUL estimation and fault detection. Supervised and unsupervised learning techniques are discussed, highlighting their applications and challenges. The paper also reviews the importance of data preprocessing and feature extraction in enhancing the accuracy of ML models. Despite the progress made in ML applications, challenges like data quality, model generalization, and real-time monitoring persist. Future advancements in machine learning and battery management systems will continue to improve the efficiency, safety, and sustainability of battery-dependent technologies.

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Battery Health Monitoring, Remaining Useful Life (RUL), Fault Diagnosis, Machine Learning, Battery Management Systems (BMS), Data Preprocessing

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Artificial intelligence holds immense promise for transforming educational practices and improving outcomes for students. By leveraging AI's capacity for personalized learning and adaptive support, educators can better meet the needs of their students. In the evolving landscape of education, the integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) represents a transformative shift, stipulating a new era in learning and teaching. However, realizing this potential will require a commitment by those in education to address various policy related challenges, including funding constraints, ethical considerations, and the need for comprehensive professional development. Integrating AI into education has profound long-term implications for society, influencing the skills and competencies of the future workforce, social norms, ethical considerations, and the nature of human-machine interactions. Navigating these implications requires a conscientious approach that prioritizes equal access, ethical awareness, and the cultivation of technical and soft skills. By thoughtfully integrating AI into education, educators can prepare students to thrive in a technologically advanced future and shape it in ways that reflect shared values. However, this integration needs preparation for Artificial Intelligence (AI) integration, development of curriculum, challenges in integrating Artificial Intelligence (AI) including the need for comprehensive educator training, curriculum adaptation to align with societal structures and opportunities in shaping the future of education.

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Artificial Intelligence, Curriculum, Paradigm, Approach, Disabilities

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Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) is recognized as one of the most significant paradigms within the field of computer science; however, it frequently poses abstract and complex challenges for beginner students. This study introduces an innovative pedagogical strategy that is culturally relevant, integrating elements of Hindu mythology, Vedic philosophy, and practical analogies to elucidate fundamental OOP concepts. By establishing connections between ancient Indian philosophical insights and contemporary computing principles such as classes, objects, inheritance, polymorphism, abstraction, encapsulation, and access specifiers, this research suggests a framework that improves conceptual understanding and retention. The objective is to illustrate that profound philosophical concepts derived from Hindu ideology can act as a compelling mechanism for rendering abstract programming principles both relatable and memorable. Through this confluence of spirituality and software engineering, students cultivate not only technical knowledge but also a philosophical insight, effectively bridging the divide between logic and life.

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Object-Oriented Programming, Java, Hindu Mythology, Pedagogical Innovation, Cultural Learning, Vedic Philosophy, Teaching Methodology.

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The discourse surrounding "special status" in Indian politics has been a contentious and multifaceted issue, particularly in the context of Jammu and Kashmir. This study conducts a critical discourse analysis (CDA) of the political narratives around special status, focusing on two pivotal movements: The Praja Parishad agitation (1952-53) and the positioning of the National Conference during key historical junctures. The Praja Parishad agitation, rooted in opposition to Article 370, sought full integration of Jammu and Kashmir into India, reflecting ideological tensions between regional autonomy and nationalist centralization. Conversely, the National Conference, under Sheikh Abdullah and his successors, oscillated between advocating for Kashmir's distinct identity and negotiating its political relationship with the Indian Union. The analysis highlights the interplay of power, rhetoric, and historical contingencies in shaping the political trajectory of Jammu and Kashmir, offering insights into the broader dynamics of autonomy, integration and nationalist politics in postcolonial India.

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Special Status, Discourse Analysis, Praja Parishad, National Conference, Article 370, Jammu and Kashmir

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Herbal deodorant inhibit the growth and activity of bacteria that humiliate the apocrine gland. The effective of antibacterial properties, acts on antibacterial agents such as triclosan lead to increase the risk of prostate cancer. Herbal plant extracts with antibacterical properties. This research study was carried out by opting the sunflower wax, olive oil, champaka oil, castor oil & chamomile oil. Chamomile oil & sunflower wax acts on antibacterial properties. Herbal deodorant stick were prepared & characterized for physical obervations, pH, Softening point, Breaking point, Spreadability, Stability test, Antibacterial activity were conducted using standard protocols.

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Deodorant, Herbal, Odor, Stability, Sweat.

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Pleomorphic adenoma is the most common type of salivary gland tumor as well as the most common parotid gland tumor. The cause of pleomorphic adenoma is unknown, but the incidence of this tumor has increased, it can occur at any age, but it is most common in people in their third to sixth decades. The medical management includes Inj.cefoperazone sulbactam 1.5gm IV and Inj.metronidazole 500mg IV, surgery for this condition includes Parotidectomy and complete glandectomy and the nursing management includes Give an analgesic to relieve pain Give a tube feeding Give acetaminophen. Complications include Parotid tumor capsule rupture.

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PLEOMORPHIC ADENOMA, TUMOR,KNOWLEDGE

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Narcissistic personality tendencies represent a complex constellation of self-perception, interpersonal functioning, and affect regulation. While the Narcissistic Personality Pattern Test (NPPT) provides insight into narcissistic traits, the psychological consequences of such patterns on mental health outcomes remain insufficiently explored. The present study investigates the relationship between narcissistic personality patterns and psychological distress as measured by the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21). Using a quantitative correlational design, participants (N = 203) completed both the NPPT and DASS-21. Statistical analyses including Pearson's correlation and multiple regression were conducted to examine the predictive value of NPPT scores on DASS-21 subscales. Results indicated that higher narcissistic tendencies were significantly associated with elevated scores on depression, anxiety, and stress, with the strongest relationship observed with stress. Regression analyses suggested that NPPT explained a modest yet meaningful proportion of variance in DASS-21 outcomes, supporting the notion that narcissistic personality features may exacerbate vulnerability to emotional dysregulation and negative affectivity. Findings contribute to personality and clinical psychology by highlighting the maladaptive outcomes linked to narcissistic configurations, underscoring the need for early detection, therapeutic intervention, and family-based psychoeducation. Limitations and future directions are discussed, including the need for culturally calibrated tools and longitudinal designs to assess causality.

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Narcissistic Personality Pattern Test (NPPT), DASS-21, Depression, Anxiety, Stress, Personality Psychology

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Role of Economic Activities Performed by Women Self Help Groups in Rural Development with Special Reference to Nagrijuli Development Block of Tamulpur District, Assam.

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Self Help Group, Rural Development, Economic Activities.

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Despite decades of constitutional guarantees of equality and judicial independence, women are underrepresented in India's upper judiciary. The Supreme Court has had few women judges since its founding, and High Courts reflect institutional and cultural exclusions. The study explores these changes using qualitative interviews, judge biographical data, archival evidence, and secondary data on appointments and collegium recommendations to assess impediments and avenues to women's judicial progression. The analysis using thematic coding and descriptive statistics shows how the legal profession's patriarchal culture, secretive collegium decision-making, and dependency on elite professional networks disadvantage women. Trends include tokenistic appointments, brief tenures, and regional disparities, with urban courts offering greater opportunities. India lags behind South Africa, the US, and the UK in adopting diversity mandates and open judicial commissions. In addition to representation, women's marginalization undermines the judiciary's credibility, limits gender-sensitive jurisprudence, and limits democratic accountability. Practical alternatives suggest formal mentorship, open evaluation procedures, and inclusivity-promoting institutional improvements. The study shows how cultural hierarchies effect legal outcomes, developing feminist institutionalism. Despite limitations such limited collegium file access and a small sample size of women judges, the report provides essential policy, advocacy, and research guidance.

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Women judges, Higher judiciary, Supreme Court of India, Gender justice, Judicial diversity, Feminist institutionalism, Collegium system

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Turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) has been a part of Indian tradition, culture and cuisine for more than 2500 years. The oldest reference to turmeric was first referenced in the Atharvaveda. The name "Turmeric" is derived from the Latin word 'terra merita', which means meritorious earth. It is also known as the 'yellow root', 'golden spice', 'Indian saffron', and has been used for at least 6000 years in traditional medicine and religious practices. Not only the majestic roots of the turmeric plant, flowers also offer a number of anti-inflammatory and antioxidant benefits, due to their 'curcumin' content. The flowers are known to support digestion process of the gut and also contribute to the cell health by contributing in fighting the pre-mature ageing and inflammatory processes. The flowers are very famous in the traditional medicines in Southeast Asian regions like Malaysia and Indonesia. The flowers are preferred by the traditional healers to prescribe for the intake during the pregnancy period, during and after the child birth to fight against the inflammation and infection. The flowers are edible and are consumed as raw in salad or incorporated in cuisines after cooking.

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Turmeric, Flower, Atharvaveda, Pregnancy, Medicinal, Yellow root, Golden spice, Indian saffron

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This study examines the growing yet often overlooked role of women technicians in the Tamil film industry through a comprehensive analysis of their contributions, challenges, and industry impact. Using mixed-methods research encompassing quantitative data from 150 major Tamil films (2010-2023) and qualitative interviews with 12 women technicians, we document their participation in key technical roles including cinematography, editing, sound design, and production management. Our findings reveal that while women constitute only 12-15% of technical crews in major productions, their contributions have led to measurable differences in cinematic language - including 22% longer average shot lengths in edited sequences and more naturalistic lighting approaches in cinematography. The study identifies three critical systemic barriers: male-dominated hiring networks (78% of technical hires), workplace culture challenges (63% report sexist remarks), and lack of mentorship opportunities. Significantly, we found productions with female technicians demonstrate 40% fewer harassment incidents and more nuanced portrayals of women characters. The paper also highlights successful case studies like the all-female technical crew for "Lens" (2022) and Sudha Kongara's gender-balanced team for "Soorarai Pottru" (2020). We conclude with four-point recommendations: policy interventions like tax incentives for gender-balanced crews, industry mentorship programs, cultural shifts in promotion practices, and union-led welfare measures. This research provides both empirical evidence of women's impact on Tamil cinema's technical aesthetics and practical pathways toward greater gender equity in India's film industries

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Tamil cinema, gender representation, film technology, cinematography, post-production

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Pharmacovigilance is essential for ensuring the safe use of biologics and biosimilars--medicines made from living systems that are often large and complex in structure. These products can have unique safety concerns such as immune reactions, changes between batches, and risks that may only appear after they are widely used. Monitoring methods like spontaneous reporting, active surveillance, and strong product tracking help detect and manage these issues. Regulatory bodies such as EMA, USFDA, and CDSCO require regular safety reports, risk management plans, and registry-based studies to improve safety tracking. However, challenges remain in tracing batches, interpreting data, and handling product switches. New tools like blockchain for traceability, advanced data analysis, and global safety standards are shaping the next phase of pharmacovigilance. This review discusses the importance of strong monitoring systems to keep biologics and biosimilars safe while supporting their wider use.

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Pharmacy, Biologics, Biosimilars, EMA.

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This paper examines the interaction between artificial intelligence (AI) data practices and the Digital Personal Data Protection Act (DPDP), 2023 in India. It analyses how the Act structures lawful data processing across AI lifecycles--collection, training, deployment, and monitoring--through consent-based and legitimate-use mechanisms. The study adopts a doctrinal legal methodology to interpret statutory provisions, focusing on Sections 3-11 that regulate consent, accuracy, children's data, and Significant Data Fiduciaries. It further explores constitutional underpinnings of privacy under Article 21 and judicial precedents such as Justice K.S. Puttaswamy v. Union of India. Comparative insights are drawn from the EU's GDPR, the UK's AI regulation approach, and OECD principles, situating India's framework within global data governance trends. The paper concludes that the DPDP Act operationalises privacy-by-design for AI, translating constitutional rights into enforceable duties of accountability, transparency, and individual control, while recognising implementation challenges that require detailed rulemaking and coordinated sectoral oversight.

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Data Protection, Artificial Intelligence, Digital Personal Data Protection Act 2023, Privacy by Design, Data Fiduciary, Consent, Legitimate Use, Children's Data, Significant Data Fiduciary, Right to Privacy, AI Governance, GDPR, OECD Principles, India, Data Ethics, Legal Framework

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Social networking sites (SNS) have transformed communication and education globally, yet there is limited knowledge about their adoption in India's rural and semi-urban university environments. This paper explores students' adoption of SNS in these areas from a theoretical and conceptual perspective, utilizing existing literature on digital divide theory, technology acceptance models (TAM), and socio-cultural views on technology usage. The research thoroughly examines the various socioeconomic, cultural, and infrastructure factors influencing students' use of SNS in educational environments beyond urban areas. The research aims to demonstrate the possibilities and constraints of social networking sites as means for academic involvement, identity creation, and social capital growth by applying existing models to the rural and semi-urban settings of India. To establish a basis for future empirical studies and policy actions, the paper concludes by proposing a conceptual framework for understanding SNS adoption in marginalized university environments.

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Adoption in Higher Education. Digital Divide, Social Networking Sites (SNS),Technology

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Risk and return analysis are essential to any investment decision-making process in determining the value of the underlying assets. With the aid of the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM), the current article tries to investigate the relationship between risk and return of a few FMCG companies that are listed on the NSE. For the study, five FMCG firm stocks were chosen using the judgmental sampling method. FMCG corporations have established stocks. Many of these stocks provide investors with consistent profits. Investors are shielded against market downturns, inflation, and economic recessions as a result of this consistency. Investors can determine which industry will be more profitable for them to invest in by examining the stocks of these companies. Any sector's complexities would be revealed through an investigation of the risk and return relationship for that specific business.

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NSE, FMCG company, Risk, Return, Beta, CAPM

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