Volume 13 | Issue 10

 Abstract

India's digital revolution has fulfilled consumer expectations and encouraged economic progress. Digital retailers are hoping to boost consumer retention, increase business success, and enhance FMCG consumers' online purchasing experience. Therefore, the study aims to look at the main factors impacting consumer attitude toward online FMCG retail and then how those factors impact consumer intention to make online purchases. This investigation has employed a combination of methods. Tiruppur City and Coimbatore City were hosts to the study. For research purposes, 310 data were collected. The relevant techniques were applied to the data analysis. Research found that consumer attitude had a significant negative impact on consumer online purchase intention (COPI) towards FMCG retail, whereas product and service facilities had a significant impact on consumer attitude (CA) toward online FMCG retail. Online experience has a significant impact on COPI toward FMCG retail. The paper highlights the significance of consumer perception, operational excellence, and user-centric online experiences for FMCG businesses operating online.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Consumer Attitude, Consumer Online Experience, E-commerce, E-retail, Fast-Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG), Online Shopping Behaviour

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

ABSTRACT: The manufacturing industry is facing many challenges today. From higher expectations from customers, to sustainable business practices, the manufacturing industry is dramatically transforming. Now, the adoption of new technologies is imperative for businesses to stay competitive in the age of increased global competition, elevated customer expectations, acute labour shortages, and ever-changing regulations. And, having access to real-time data and the insights it can provide can help avoid risks and prepare businesses for the future. With so much innovation taking place in the manufacturing industry, it is important for businesses to get more insight into what transformative technologies are driving the modern manufacturing movement.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Keywords To study the effectiveness of Digitalization in Manufacturing Industry. To study the organizational opportunities in capturing the market value using Digitalize Technology.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The evolution of e-commerce in India has given rise to a new segment known as Quick Commerce (Q-commerce), which emphasizes ultra-fast delivery of essential goods within a short time frame, typically between 10 and 30 minutes. Driven by urbanization, changing consumer behavior, and technological innovation, Q-commerce platforms such as Blinkit, Zepto, Swiggy Instamart, and Dunzo have transformed the retail landscape. This paper explores the emergence, opportunities, and challenges of Q-commerce in India, using secondary data from recent studies, industry reports, and scholarly journals. Findings indicate that while Q-commerce offers immense convenience and market potential, it faces challenges related to sustainability, profitability, and workforce welfare. The study concludes by providing insights and recommendations for enhancing operational efficiency and ensuring long-term viability in the sector.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Quick Commerce, E-commerce, Retail Innovation, India, Delivery Platforms, Market Growth

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

This article presents a comprehensive study of A.S. Ponnammal, the first and only woman elected as an independent member to the Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly, highlighting her political journey, social impact, and legislative contributions from 1962 to 2000. Born in a marginalised community, Ponnammal rose to become a powerful advocate for the downtrodden, women, farmers, and students. The study emphasises her role as a fearless legislator, voicing concerns on caste discrimination, women's rights, prohibition of alcohol, and rural development. Despite her later political setbacks, Ponnammal's legacy as a pioneering, independent, and people-centric leader continues to hold a unique place in Tamil Nadu's political history.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Independent Member, Legislative Assembly, Caste-Based Reservation.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Programming, in a nutshell, represents a systematic form of reasoning that aligns human thought processes with machine execution. This paper proposes an innovative way of teaching Python programming through analogies and stories borrowed from the Mahabharata, India's great epic. Due to its simplicity, clarity, and object-oriented architecture, Python is an ideal medium for conceptual knowledge when combined with culture-friendly teaching methods. The study utilizes a constructivist and experience-based learning paradigm to design a four-stage instructional framework consisting of the identification of concepts, mythological mapping, narration of exemplars, and reflective abstraction. In such an instructional design, students make connections between programming constructs--conditionals, loops, functions, etc. and the logical narration of events in epics, such as Arjuna's moral dilemmas or the repetitive pattern of dharmic actions in the Kurukshetra war. This design encourages learners' cognitive internalization of coding principles through analogical reasoning in their cultural background, thus boosting their engagement, conceptual knowledge, and information retention. The methodology also simultaneously facilitates the integration of Indian Knowledge Systems (IKS) with STEM education by reframing programming as a humanistic, moral, and intellectual endeavor rather than an exclusive mechanical duty. The study concludes that contextual and narration-based instruction greatly enhances computational thinking along with cultural relevance, thus integrating ancient wisdom with modern pedagogy.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Python Programming, Mahabharata, Constructivist Pedagogy, Narrative-Based Learning, Culturally Responsive Education, Computational Thinking, Analogy-Oriented Instruction, Indian Knowledge Systems (IKS), Algorithmic Reasoning, Experiential Learning

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Abstract This research paper examines the relationship between Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) and financial performance in two leading Indian firms--Infosys Ltd. from the Information Technology sector and Maruti Suzuki India Ltd. from the Automobile sector. Both industries represent contrasting operational models, stakeholder expectations, and CSR approaches. Using secondary data from annual reports, sustainability disclosures, and financial statements from 2018 to 2023, this study investigates how CSR expenditure and initiatives affect profitability indicators such as Return on Assets (ROA), Return on Equity (ROE), and Earnings Per Share (EPS). Findings reveal that Infosys demonstrates a consistent positive linkage between CSR investments and financial performance, driven by its sustainability-driven strategy and strong governance culture. Maruti Suzuki, while also investing heavily in CSR--particularly in road safety and environmental initiatives--shows moderate financial linkage due to cyclical market conditions and manufacturing costs. The comparative analysis highlights that the nature and effectiveness of CSR depend on the firm's industry context, stakeholder orientation, and strategic alignment. The study concludes that CSR, when integrated strategically, enhances corporate reputation, operational efficiency, and long-term shareholder value.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Keywords: Corporate Social Responsibility, Financial Performance, Infosys, Maruti Suzuki, ROA, ROE, CSR Expenditure, India

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Dharma represents one of the most sophisticated legal and philosophical frameworks in ancient Indian civilization, functioning simultaneously as moral law, religious duty, and constitutional principle. This research paper examines how dharma operated within ancient Indian political systems, serving as the foundational basis for governance, justice administration, and social organization. Through analysis of primary texts including the Arthashastra, Manusmriti, and Dharmashastras, this study demonstrates that dharma transcended conventional legal definitions to encompass a holistic system balancing individual rights, collective welfare, and cosmic order. The paper concludes that understanding dharma as law reveals a sophisticated political philosophy where ethics, legality, and spirituality were inseparably interwoven, offering valuable insights into alternative models of governance and jurisprudence.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Dharma, Ancient Indian Law, Polity, Governance, Dharmashastra, Constitutional Principles

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The issue of delays in civil litigation in India is not novel. It is always a problem, and the main reason for it is the problems with the process in the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908 (CPC). The rules for adjournments, how to start a summary proceeding, issuing summons, and the protracted processes for appeals and second appeals all cause case backlogs and make things less efficient. This study discusses how these practices lead to longer delays in justice and possible legal changes that could make civil lawsuits in India go more smoothly.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Civil litigation, delays, CPC 1908, procedure issues, adjournments, summons, backlog, reforms.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Creativity is one of the most valued abilities in all societies, as it enables learners to think critically, solve problems innovatively, and express themselves effectively. In the field of language education, fostering creativity has become increasingly important in the context of the 21st-century skills framework and the National Education Policy (NEP) 2020, which emphasizes creative and critical thinking as essential learning outcomes. The Synectics model of teaching, developed by William J.J. Gordon and his associates, is a powerful instructional strategy that uses metaphorical and analogical thinking to stimulate creativity among learners. By engaging students in structured creative activities, Synectics helps them break away from conventional thought patterns and develop divergent thinking skills. The present experimental study investigates the efficacy of the Synectics teaching model in fostering language creativity in English among secondary school students. The study involved two groups--experimental and control--taught through Synectics-based instruction and traditional methods, respectively. Language creativity was assessed using the Test of Story Construction, Test of Poetic Diction, and Vocabulary Test. Statistical analysis revealed that the experimental group outperformed the control group significantly across all three measures. These findings demonstrate that the Synectics model is an effective pedagogical approach for enhancing language creativity, encouraging flexible thinking, and enriching students' linguistic expression. The study highlights the pedagogical implications of integrating innovative teaching models like Synectics into English language classrooms to nurture creative competencies among learners in line with contemporary educational goals.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Synectics Teaching Model, Language Creativity, English Language Teaching

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

This paper presents the design and implementation of a precision XY plotter with integrated pick and place capability for electronics and telecommunication applications. Manual Placement methods are often error-prone, slow, and unsuitable for high-accuracy requirements [1],[2]. The proposed system employs stepper motors with micro-stepping drivers, controlled by an STM32 microcontroller, to achieve positioning accuracy of -0.1mm to +0.1mm [3],[4]. The mechanical structure integrates linear rails, timing belts, and a lead-screw Z-axis, while a motorized gripper enables reliable handling of lightweight components [2],[5]. A dual joystick and graphical interface provide real-time control and monitoring, and safety is ensured through optocoupler isolation, MOSFET protection, and limit switches [3]. Experimental results confirm over 98% accuracy in pick and place cycles and consistent operation during extended tests. With its modular design and cost-effective approach, the system is adaptable for industrial automation applications

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Automation, Embedded systems. Mechatronics, Microcontrollers, Motion control, Robotics, XY Plotters.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The term mining operation consists of seven elements like, mining activities, connected activities at a local site, constructing a site for mining activities or connected activities at a local site, activities to close, make safe or decommission a mineral extraction site or a mineral exploration site, educational or tourist activities in connection with mining activities at a local site or in connection with former mining activities at the same site, activities specified by the Minister in the Gazette and the activities prescribed by the regulations. The objectives of the present study were to explain the types of mines & mining techniques, identify the types of drilling & drilling mechanism, explore the instruments used for drilling & mining process and explain the process of mine exploration. The study was a review-based exploration. Secondary data have been used for this study. Information has been collected from the existing research papers, academic news, reviews available on websites and journals. From this study it was concluded that this attempts connects the research gap in the literature and boost the learners to develop more realistic and comprehensive knowledge on different aspects of mining operations.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Mining operation, mining techniques, mine exploration, drilling, instruments.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The seismic safety of elevated water tanks is vital for reliable water supply systems in earthquake-prone regions. This study analyses and compares the seismic performance of reinforced concrete (RC) circular elevated tanks with different staging systems using STAAD.Pro Connect Edition. The investigation considers various bracing configurations--unbraced, diagonal, cross (X), V, K, inverted V, diamond, and solid shaft--along with two staging wall thicknesses (180 mm and 200 mm) and two staging heights. Seismic effects are studied under Zones III, IV, and V as per IS 1893 (Part 2): 2014, accounting for dead load, live load, hydrostatic pressure, and hydrodynamic forces. A parametric approach is adopted, developing multiple models under consistent loading. Key seismic response parameters such as lateral displacement, base shear, bending moment, shear force, and time period are evaluated. Results indicate that staging type strongly influences tank behaviour. Shaft-supported models provide maximum stiffness and seismic stability, reducing displacement and time period by up to 92% and 90%, respectively. However, these attract higher base shear and shear force, reflecting greater seismic demand. Among braced frames, X-bracing offers the best performance, significantly improving over unbraced staging. The study further shows that higher seismic zones and taller staging heights increase displacement and base shear. Despite their rigidity, shaft-supported tanks experience lower bending moments compared to braced frames. In conclusion, shaft-supported staging proves to be the most efficient option for seismic resistance, while X-bracing is preferable among frame systems. The findings provide design recommendations for constructing safe and economical elevated water tanks in moderate to high seismic regions.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

STAAD.Pro Connect Edition, Elevated Water tank, Circular Water Tanks, Bracings and shaft, Seismic loads

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The merging of digital systems has been a key driver in the development of contemporary society, as it influences the socialization of individuals, the availability of services, and their integration into daily routines. Initiating online education, e-governance, and cashless system design is a case of simplifying the process for greater efficiency and usability. Technology can be leveraged to enable higher productivity and richer communication, thereby fostering innovation, sustainable methods, and global competitiveness in an increasingly connected world that is rapidly becoming more technologically enabled. The interaction between multinationals, academia, and state plans sustains the benefits of system integration, facilitating the improvement of other regional government initiatives while enhancing regional development and international connections. Internet systems bridge gaps among cultures and societies, reducing the spread of knowledge and empowering groups to flourish like never before. However, the real challenge is devising a fair formula for dividing these benefits proportionally. In the process of gaining equal opportunities alongside the rich segments, people in poorer zones continue to face obstacles. And topping it all, the most significant headaches are problems such as the digital divide, cybersecurity issues, and data privacy concerns. According to what the debate teams have been fighting for, the application of digital systems is not a technological advancement. It represents a complete paradigm shift, altering the way we define cultural norms, the way we behave in society, and the way societies interact with one another. Therefore, to be effective at all, digital transformation needs to introduce new ideas, be ethical, involve everyone, and be sustainable. It can only be beneficial to assist in driving long-term societal development at that point.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Cultural Values, Democratic participation, System Architecture, Global Competitiveness, Ethical Responsibility, Inclusiveness, Interconnected technology-driven world.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

This article presents a comprehensive evaluation of Human Resource strategies and practices through the lens of the Balanced Scorecard framework. It is structured across four key perspectives--Financial, Internal Processes, Learning & Growth, and Customer. Each section highlights critical HR functions, from cost effectiveness, manpower planning, and return on investment to process efficiency, recruitment, and HR budgeting. The report further explores initiatives in talent development, succession planning, innovation, and performance management systems. Emphasis is placed on aligning HR policies with organizational objectives to enhance employee satisfaction, engagement, and retention. Employee-focused metrics, including satisfaction surveys, eNPS, and engagement activities, provide insights into workforce sentiment and organizational culture. Collectively, the analysis underscores the role of strategic HR as a driver of business value, organizational sustainability, and long-term competitiveness.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Human Resource Management (HRM), Balanced Scorecard, HR Strategy, Manpower Planning, Recruitment, Talent Development, Succession Planning, Employee Retention, Employee Engagement, Performance Management, HR Best Practices

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

This research study reviews modernization and reform of the Public Distribution System (PDS) through a Packaged Public Distribution System (PPDS) and specifically in Cuddalore District, Tamil Nadu. PDS is described as the largest food safety program in the world. PDS underwent several reforms, starting with the Revamped PDS (RPDS) in 1992 and the Targeted PDS (TPDS) in 1997, however; it was still and continues to be challenged by pilferage, weight losses, wastage, delivery of entitlements, etc. Tamil Nadu has a Universal PDS and has provided rice for free since 2024.The focus of this study was to determine the direct and the indirect problems in the system and to suggest a new system of packaged delivery while avoiding the loss and to ensure timely and fair access to goods for all family cardholders. To help realize this study a survey was used, methodology was quantitative research, convenient sampling was utilized, and analysis was undertaken using the SPSS application. The findings conclude that a packaged delivery system would help minimize the weight loss and avoid theft and Wastage. The suggestions outlined in the study are timely distribution of goods based on cardholder data, firmly discourage incidents of corruption, check every user in an apron of the government to monitor and restrict.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Public Distribution System (PDS), Packaged Distribution, Consumer Perception, Food Security, Supply Chain Transparency

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

In this manuscript, iron nanoparticles (FeNPs) were successfully used for degrading the amikacin antibiotic. For degrading amikacin, Ficus hispida (F. hispida) bio-extract and poultry biowaste were used for stabilizing the synthesis of Fe nanoparticles. The effectiveness of the Fe nanoparticles prepared by using both methods was compared for their effectiveness in degrading Fe nanoparticles. FeNPs were created, and their properties were measured using UV-Vis spectroscopy, FTIR, XRD The appropriateness of sunlight for the degradation experiments was assessed. Different experimental variables, including initial concentration of the antibiotic, initial dose of FeNPs, reaction time, ionic strength of the solution, and pH of the solution, were researched. The conclusion was that a mixture of sunlight with poultry biowaste-synthesized FeNPs had a high level of degradation efficacy in comparison with F. hispida-synthesized FeNPs. The production of FeNPs and their application in amikacin degradation using poultry biowaste provide a sustainable source for synthesis, promote waste valorization, and contribute to the development of a circular economy.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

poultry biowaste extract, Fe nanoparticles, amikacin, antibiotic degradation, anti-bacterial assay

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Offending or criminal behavior related to substance use disorders (SUDs) and Mental Health (MH) disorders is one of the most pervasive global challenges undermining the integrity of the criminal justice system. Traditional judicial practices involved adopting an incarceration-based, punitive model to crime, with only minimal effectiveness in reducing recidivism and treatment of sociocultural, psychological, physical, and practical roots of criminal intent or motive of the offenders, leading to rehabilitation. By contrast, Problem-Solving Courts (PSCs) or Integrated Courts (IC), such as the Drug treatment courts (DTCs), Mental Health Courts (MHCs), Indigenous Peoples' Court (IPCs) epitomise a holistic and integrated care model that combines judicial supervision and control with therapeutic interventions, community-based care, and principles from forensic psychology such as therapeutic jurisprudence, restorative justice, treatment models and risk assessment. Based on empirical evidence and corroborating data from the United States, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, and Europe, this paper demonstrates that PSCs reduce recidivism, increase compliance with treatment adherence, and advocate for cost-effective measures that address the underlying causes of criminal behavior, rather than focusing on punitive measures. The discussion subsequently explores the future direction of adopting a PSC Model in the Indian Judicial System, addressing prison crowding and high prevalence of untreated mental health conditions, and evaluating the application of the integrated model. Drawing on forensic psychology principles, the paper addresses exploring execution of Problem - Solving Courts through Metropolitan Pilot Program by leveraging of existing or new support services encompassing the Triage Team which will consist of health care workers , mental health supports, housing stability navigation, substance abuse treatment plans and centers , probation officers and police; judicial training in principles of forensic psychology, telepsychiatry, while incorporating AADHAAR - linked identity verification system. Anticipated outcomes are expected to reveal reduced recidivism, lower incarceration rates, mandated treatment compliance, enhanced citizen safety, and targeted management of mental health and substance use disorders, adhering to ethical considerations -- associated stigma, informed consent, and a culture-sensitive implementation approach -- bringing forth resolutions.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Problem-Solving Courts or Integrated Courts, Forensic Psychology, Recidivism, Substance Use and Mental Health, Therapeutic Jurisprudence, Restorative Justice

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Autonomic Function and Quality of Life refers to inter and intra-individual levels of positive functioning that can include one's relatedness with others and self-referent attitudes that include one's sense of mastery and personal growth. Subjective well-being reflects dimensions of affect judgments of life satisfaction. Medical students is the novel profession who are the social leader and whose main duty is to provide good health and take of the patients. Stress is the uncontrolled speed of mind, which response to the emotional level by the cause of chemical reaction. Scientific literature showed that teaching is a highly stressful occupation, more mental illness problems compared to other professions.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Autonomic Function and Quality of Life, mindfulness attention Awareness, depression-happiness, mental well-being, Mind Sound Resonance technique.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Population migration is a social process. Humans have been migrating since the dawn of life. However, the current surge in population migration to the plains of Uttarakhand is a cause for concern, leading to unprecedented population growth in these districts. Research has been conducted to understand the causes and effects of rapid population growth in the districts of Haridwar, Dehradun, Udham Singh Nagar, and Nainital. Population growth in a given area depends on the economic, social, and geographical factors of that area. Population migration occurs rapidly in areas where conditions conducive to human development, employment opportunities, higher income opportunities, and educational and health facilities are available. Due to limited livelihood opportunities in rural areas of Uttarakhand, the rural population is currently migrating rapidly to plains and urban areas in search of employment.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

migration, Climate, Plains, Geographical, Employment.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Warts, or verrucae, are benign epidermal proliferations caused by the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) and are one of the most common dermatological conditions globally. This review examines the use of topical gels and solutions containing the keratolytic agents salicylic acid (SA) and lactic acid (LA) for the removal of warts, focusing on their mechanisms, clinical efficacy, and safety profile. Keratolytic therapy, particularly with SA, is widely considered the first-line, over-the-counter (OTC) treatment for common and plantar warts due to its low cost, ease of self-application, and favorable safety record. The combination of SA and LA enhances the destructive and desquamative effect on the hyperkeratotic tissue, leading to the gradual elimination of the virus-infected epidermis. Comparative clinical trials suggest that topical SA formulations offer an efficacy comparable to, or in some cases superior to, more invasive treatments like cryotherapy, particularly for common warts. This review synthesizes data from approximately 70 authentic sources to provide a detailed, evidence-based overview of this foundational treatment modality.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Warts Removal Gel By Keratolytic Agents

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition