Volume 13 | Issue 10

 Abstract

The verification of integrated peripheral devices within System-on-Chip (SoC) designs remains a critical yet challenging task due to increasing complexity, heterogeneity, and the need for rapid development cycles. This review explores the landscape of software-based chip verification environments, focusing on modular, adaptive, and coverage-driven methodologies. By analyzing existing frameworks and proposing a hierarchical verification model, this paper highlights advances in adaptive stimulus generation and formal verification integration that significantly enhance verification efficiency and effectiveness. Experimental results demonstrate substantial improvements in verification time, bug detection rates, and coverage completeness. The review concludes by outlining future research avenues, emphasizing AI-driven test generation, cross-domain verification, and scalable architectures as vital to addressing evolving SoC challenges.

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Software-Based Verification, Integrated Peripheral Devices, System-on-Chip (SoC), Adaptive Stimulus Generation, Coverage-Driven Verification, Formal Verification, Verification Environment Architecture.

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Information and Communication Technology (ICT) has emerged as a transformative force reshaping the entire landscape of library and information services in India. Over the past three decades, Indian libraries have transitioned from traditional, manual processes to advanced, ICT-driven operations that prioritize accessibility, efficiency, and user-centered service delivery. This paper provides an extensive overview of the development, applications, and impact of ICT within Indian libraries while examining the infrastructural, financial, and policy-related challenges that continue to influence adoption. It further analyses major national initiatives, digital library projects, technological innovations, and strategic collaborations that have strengthened the digital information ecosystem. The paper concludes with a forward-looking perspective on future trends including artificial intelligence, data analytics, IoT, cloud ecosystems, and capacity-building programs. The analysis reaffirms that ICT remains central to enabling inclusive, sustainable, and globally connected library services in India.

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ICT, Information Technology, Library Automation, Digital Libraries, Indian Library System, Knowledge Management, Digital Repositories, E-resources, Library Consortia, Artificial Intelligence, Big Data, Cloud Computing, Library Networks, Digital Literacy

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Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms, commonly known as water hyacinth, is a prolific aquatic plant recognized for its rapid growth and ecological impact on freshwater ecosystems. Despite its invasive nature, this species has garnered significant scientific interest due to its rich phytochemical profile. The present study investigates the chemical constituents extracted from various parts of E. crassipes, solvent extraction and chromatographic techniques. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of diverse bioactive compounds such as flavonoids, alkaloids, phenolics, terpenoids, and sterols. Advanced spectroscopic analyses (GC-MS, FTIR, and NMR) further identified specific constituents including phenylphenalenes, flavonoids derivatives, steroids and various phenolic acids. These compounds are known for their potential biological activities. This study underscores the value of E. crassipes as a sustainable source of bioactive molecules and encourages further exploration into its pharmacological and industrial potential. In this review paper, we want to draw attention to the important developments in the phytochemical investigation and screening of the chemical constituents identified from E. crassipes till date.

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Eichhornia crassipes, Chemical Constituents, phytochemical screening, mass spectra, GC-MS

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Skin diseases are being considered as a major health problem in children, as it leadsto discomfort and significant morbidity among them. Skin diseases have been comprehended underthe heading of Kushta in Ayurveda. Dadru Kushta is common skin infestation. Dadru Kushta is being aKshudra Kushta has Kapha Pitta dominance. Skin diseases are the major reason behind social stigma and it can affect the physical, psychological and social wellbeing of the patient. Dadru is one of the Kshudra Kustha as per the Charak Samhita and it's been considered under the heading of Mahakusthaas per the reference of Sushruta Samhita. Dadru shows the features of Raga, Pidaka,and Mandala. It is having predominance of Kapha-Pitta Dosha. Though it is highly contagious skin disease as per the reference of Sushruta Samhita it can be compared with fungal infections under the heading of Tinea corporis which is extremely common dermatophyte infection In modern science the clinical manifestation of Dadru isclosely similar to local fungal infection/tinea infection which is affecting up to 15% of population.Excessive severe itching and red patches are the common clinical manifestation which can be diagnosed by Darshana and Prashana Pariksha.This is a case study of 9 year female child brought by her parents to Balroga OPD having complaints of Raga (Erythema), Kandu (Itching), Pidka (Granular surface), Utsanna Mandal (Circular elevation of skin). Patient was diagnosed with Dadru (Tinea infection) and managed by Shaman Chikitsa i.e., external application of Malhara & Arogyavardhini vati. Treatment for 21 days along with Pathya-Apathya mentioned in Ayurvedic text was followed.The patient got speedy recovery from all the symptoms of Dadru within 15 days. Classical Dadru Chikitsa mentioned in Ayurveda text is effective in the management of Tinea infection.

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Dadru Kushta, Pitta Dosha, Kapha Dosha, Balroga,Tinea infection, Ayurveda.

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Background: Pregnancy is a dynamic period marked by profound physiological, psychological, and social changes that can predispose expectant mothers--especially primigravidae--to stress and anxiety. Excessive prenatal stress adversely influences both maternal well-being and fetal outcomes. Objective: This study explores the conceptual framework and significance of Progressive Muscle Relaxation (PMR) as a non-pharmacological strategy for stress reduction during pregnancy and presents the development of Relaxed Moms, a mobile health (mHealth) application designed to deliver guided PMR sessions and mindfulness-based interventions. Methods: The conceptual model of the Relaxed Moms application integrates evidence-based psychological theories, including Cognitive Behavioral Theory (CBT) and Self-Determination Theory (SDT). A randomized clinical trial is proposed involving 120 primigravid women aged 18-35 in their second trimester, divided into experimental and control groups. The experimental group will use the Relaxed Moms app for 10 weeks, while the control group will receive standard antenatal care. Stress and anxiety levels will be measured using the Stress Scale on Pregnancy and the Stirling Antenatal Anxiety Scale. Data will be analyzed using the unpaired t-test. Results (Conceptual): It is anticipated that the Relaxed Moms app will significantly reduce stress and anxiety among primigravid women by integrating guided PMR, mindfulness exercises, mood tracking, and psychoeducational modules. Conclusion: The integration of PMR through digital platforms offers a scalable, evidence-based, and accessible approach to enhancing maternal mental health. The Relaxed Moms application represents an innovative pathway to bridge clinical care and emotional well-being during pregnancy.

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Progressive Muscle Relaxation (PMR), Primigravidae, Maternal Mental Health, mHealth Applications, Pregnancy Stress, Anxiety, Relaxed Moms App

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The impact of social media and mobile addiction on mental health among students: A comparative study across gender and socioeconomic status.

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The impact of social media and mobile addiction on mental health among students: A comparative study across gender and socioeconomic status.

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Abstract Asrigdara, described in Ayurvedic classics, is a condition characterized by excessive and irregular uterine bleeding, closely correlating with Abnormal Uterine Bleeding (AUB) in modern medicine. AUB, is a growing global health concern among women due to altered food habits, stressful routines, and sedentary lifestyles. In Ayurveda, Asrigdara is primarily caused by the vitiation of Vata and Pitta doshas and is included under the broad category of Yonivyapadas. Conditions like Raktayoni, Rudhirkshara, and Apraja share clinical features with DUB. Ayurvedic management emphasizes the use of Kashaya Rasa (astringent taste) and Pitta-shamaka drugs, which exhibit hemostatic (Raktasthambhaka) action. Additionally, therapies and diets that enhance Rakta Dhatu (raktavardhaka) are employed to compensate for blood loss. Among Shodhana therapies, Basti Chikitsa is considered most effective for managing Asrigdara. Modern treatment modalities include hormonal therapy, anti-fibrinolytics, and surgical interventions like hysterectomy, which may have side effects or psychological impacts. Ayurvedic interventions offer a safer, non-hormonal alternative. Clinical findings suggest that Ayurvedic therapies, especially Basti, provide sustainable relief and improve quality of life without adverse effects. This article aims to explore both classical Ayurvedic literature and modern research studies to establish safe and effective management strategies for Asrigdara.

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Keywords: Asrigdara, Abnormal Uterine Bleeding, Ayurveda, Raktapradar, Dosha Shodhana, Rakta Sthapana, Hormonal Therapy, Tranexamic Acid

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Employee attrition prediction is essential in today's corporate environment. ATTRIX aims to predict whether an employee is likely to leave an organization and also provide HR teams with clear, interpretable reasons.It further gives actionable retention strategies through a rule based recommendation engine. The system is designed to be real time, fully explainable and deployed on the cloud for HR accessibility.

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Employee Attrition Prediction, Machine Learning, Deep Learning, Explainable AI, Recommendation Engine, Workforce Retention.

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 Abstract

अयोध्या मात्र एक नगर नहीं है। अयोध्या भूत, वर्तमान एवं भविष्य, सभी कालों में, इस धरा पर धर्म, अर्थ और राजनीति का केन्द्र है। अयोध्या जीवन है, सभ्यता है, संस्कृति है। अयोध्या हमारे दैनिक जीवन के मूल में है और इस अयोध्या को महान और सर्वश्रेष्ठ बनाते हैं प्रभु श्रीराम, जिन्होंने सरयू तट पर बसी इस अलौकिक नगरी अयोध्या में माता कौशल्या के गर्भ से जन्म लिया और तभी से यह अयोध्या, अयोध्या से अयोध्यापुरी हो गयी। पवित्र अयोध्या भूमि ने अनेक महान राजाओं को जन्म दिया है जिनमें महाराज भगीरथ हुए जिनके तप, त्याग, प्रण से माँ गंगा पृथ्वी लोक पर आयीं, सत्यवादी महाराज हरिश्चन्द्र हुए जिनके सत्य के आगे देव भी हार गये। अयोध्या जैन धर्म के पाँच तीर्थंकरों की जन्मस्थली भी है जिसमें प्रथम तीर्थंकर भगवान ऋषभदेव जी भी हैं। ऐसे अनेक महान राजाओं-महाराजाओं एवं तपस्वियों की भूमि है अयोध्या। इसी अयोध्या में महात्मा बुद्ध ने 16 वर्ष बिताये। यह अयोध्या अनेक धर्मों के सृजन की भी भूमि है।

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साकेत, कोसल, अयोध्या, सरयू, सूर्यवंशी, मंदिर, धर्म, इक्ष्वाकु, मौर्य, शुंग, गुप्त, अवध।

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Abtract Title Comparative Evaluation of Efficacy of Green Coffee and Chlorhexidine Gel as a Local Drug Delivery in Periodontal Pocket in Chronic Periodontitis Patients": A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial. Introduction Green coffee beans are the normal coffee beans that haven not been roasted and are totally raw. phenolic chemicals present in coffee beans, such as chlorogenic acids (CGA), have many favourable effects like anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antibacterial, anti-obesity, anti-diabetic, anti-hypertensive, anti-cancer, and neuroprotective properties. Green coffee beans extract are found to be active against the periodontal pathogens Materials & Methods This study was carried out in 45 systemically healthy patients with mild to moderate chronic periodontitis having minimum pocket depth of 5-7 mm .Scaling and root planing(SRP) was done. Patients were recalled after 3-4 weeks for rechecking of periodontal findings. Persistent pockets of minimum 4-6 mm were considered for the further study. Selected patients were randomly divided into 3 groups: Group A- subgingival application of green coffee gel (15 patients) Group B- subgingival application of chlorhexidine gel(CHX)(15 patients) Group C- SRP only (15 patients). In selected sites, subgingival plaque sample was collected by a sterile curette and Colony Forming Unit(CFU) was assessed. Subjects were recalled after 7 days for removal of the periodontal dressing. Reassessment of the clinical parameters like Plaque Index (PI), Gingival Index (GI), Sulcus Bleeding Index.(SBI),Probing Pocket Depth (PPD),Relative Attachment Level (RAL) was done at 1 and 3 month . CFU was assessed after 3 months. In between these appointments the patients were ask to maintain the oral hygiene. No other chemical plaque control measures were used during the trial period. Results All patients reported for the follow-up and showed good compliance. In the entire group the healing was uneventful, with no signs of swelling, inflammation or allergy For PI, GI, SBI, PPD on overall comparison there was highly statistical significant (p<0.001) decline in respect to change during study period in Green coffee and CHX group Conclusion The results exhibited that treating chronic periodontitis patients with subgingival delivery of green coffee gel following SRP was just as effective as treating them with subgingival delivery of chlorhexidine gel

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Green Coffee Gel , Chlorhexidine Gel , Local Drug Delivery, Chronic Periodontitis ,Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial

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The Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881, and the Limitation Act, 1963, are two crucial legislations governing cheque bounce cases in India. This paper explores the interplay between these two Acts, focusing on the limitation period for filing complaints under Section 138 of the Negotiable Instruments Act. The research aims to provide insights into the legal framework and recent judicial developments, ensuring a comprehensive understanding of the subject matter.

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Here are some key words for the report: 1. Limitation Act 2. Negotiable Instruments Act 3. Cheque Bounce Cases 4. Section 138 5. Limitation Period 6. Complaint Filing 7. Judicial Developments 8. Financial Transactions 9. Banking Law 10. Indian Legislation You can also consider adding some long-tail keywords like: 1. "Effect of Limitation Act on Cheque Bounce Cases in India" 2. "Limitation Period for Filing Complaints under Section 138 NI Act" 3. "Negotiable Instrument

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Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is increasingly recognized as a condition whose diagnosis, treatment, and management are shaped not only by clinical factors but also by cultural stigma, gender stereotypes, and socioeconomic status contexts. The review paper demonstrates how cultural stigma can affect diagnoses, access to treatment, and long-term management of autism through taboo, misattributions, and delays in seeking care. Similarly, gender stereotypes can result in masking and unfair gender expectations. In addition, the socioeconomic status in families with autistic children is examined by means of barriers in screening, cost of care, and persistent long-term inequalities, emphasizing the need for an intersectional lens. The study finds that the intersecting factors of cultural, stereotypical, and economic contexts systematically disadvantage autistic children and individuals. The purpose of this review is to emphasize the need for a holistic perspective that considers how these factors intersect and compound one another, systematically disadvantaging autistic individuals across global contexts. Recognizing these overlapping barriers underscores the importance of developing more inclusive diagnostic tools, equitable policies, and culturally responsive support systems in future research and practice.

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Autism , Psychology

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Yoga has eight limbs in Patanjalidarshan's. They are yam, niyam, asana, pranayama, pratyahara, dharna, dhayana and samadhi. Yoga seven limb is Dharna. In various scriptures like Patanjali yoga sutra, gorakash samhita, Gherand Samhita, Yogatattva upanishad, vasistha samhita, shiva samhita. Sutra Triveni it is explain in details of the practices ahd their benefitsare also given. The last three limbs is for mind. Focusing or concentrating mind on a particular place is known as dharna. Some of scriptures have slight different practices. This types of practice helps to have peace of mind. So here the practice of Dharana and it's benefits is given in different scriptures.

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dharana, practice and scriptures

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One of the most important issues facing the world today is poverty, which has a big impact on social stability, economic growth, and human dignity. Millions of people in India live in poverty, despite the country's strong economic progress. The foundation of efforts to reduce poverty has been government assistance programs, but their efficacy has frequently been constrained by inefficiency, corruption, and a lack of focus. The emergence of artificial intelligence (AI) presents fresh chances to tackle these issues. The use of AI to improve the efficacy of Indian government welfare programs is examined critically in this essay. It looks at how AI might be used to increase service delivery, decrease leakage, and improve targeting while also taking into account the moral and practical issues surrounding its application. The study ends with policy suggestions for incorporating AI into Policy proposals for incorporating AI into measures to reduce poverty are included in the paper's conclusion.

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Poverty Alleviation programmer, Social Welfare programmer, social impact on AI, Digital inclusion.

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This paper is about the Nagsen: A Buddhist Monk who was born in village Kajangal to Sonuttra Brahaman in 2nd BC. There is some controversy about his birthplace and this paper reveals the truth about the same issue.

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Nagsen, Milind panha, Sagala, DIMIZI, Bimal Nag, Kishtwar, Nagas, Kajangal

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Library websites serve as critical gateways to knowledge in higher education, supporting access to both physical and digital collections, facilitating research workflows, and enhancing institutional visibility. This study evaluates the Dhanvantri (Central) Library website of the University of Jammu with a focus on usability, accessibility, digital service integration, and alignment with international standards such as WCAG 2.1. Using a mixed-method heuristic analysis of the website's public pages, the study examines the structure, navigability, e-resource accessibility, and digital service readiness. Findings indicate that the library offers robust online catalog access (OPAC), e-journals, and repository links, yet lacks a unified discovery search, limited mobile responsiveness, and incomplete accessibility compliance. Recommendations include short-, medium-, and long-term measures to improve user experience, accessibility, personalization, and digital integration. This study provides a roadmap for modernizing academic library websites in India, ensuring they remain user-centered and technologically adaptive.

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Keywords: library website evaluation, usability, accessibility, academic libraries, digital services, WCAG 2.1, University of Jammu, Dhanvantri Library

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The integration of advanced biometrics is critical for the evolving global financial technology (FinTech) sector, which requires fast, secure, and contactless authentication. This review analyzes the deployment of palmprint recognition systems for secure payment, a modality projected for significant market expansion (CAGR of 26.10%) due to its high feature density, permanence, and non-contact nature. The paper details state-of-the-art deep learning architectures, such as the hybrid Vision Transformer (ViT) and Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) fusion utilized in the Palm-ID system, which achieves high accuracy (TAR of 98.06% at FAR=0.01%) and superior operational efficiency, including template sizes compressed to 516 bytes and sub-millisecond 1:N search times. Crucially, the review examines the robust security framework required for financial adoption, including Presentation Attack Detection (PAD) and the implementation of cancelable biometrics for template protection to ensure revocability. Finally, it addresses the mandatory compliance with international data privacy regulations, such as GDPR and CCPA, affirming that optimized palmprint recognition is technologically ready and strategically positioned to secure the next generation of frictionless retail payment systems.

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Palmprint Recognition, Secure Payment Systems, Deep Learning (DL), Vision Transformer (ViT), Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), Contactless Biometrics, Template Protection, Cancelable Biometrics, Presentation Attack Detection (PAD), GDPR, CCPA.

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Pramehajanya Vrana, described in Ayurvedic classics, can be clinically correlated with diabetic wounds or diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs). These wounds are notoriously difficult to heal due to chronic hyperglycemia, neuropathy, microangiopathy and impaired immunity. Ayurveda offers a holistic framework of understanding through Prameha, Vrana and Dusta Vrana concepts, emphasizing the role of Shodhana (purification), Shamana (pacification) and Ropana (healing) therapies. Integrative management combining Ayurveda with modern wound care, glycemic control, and infection management provides a comprehensive approach. This article reviews the Ayurvedic perspective, classical and contemporary modalities and integrated strategies for effective management of Pramehajanya Vrana.

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Pramehajanya Vrana, Diabetic Foot Ulcer, Ayurveda, Dusta Vrana, Shodhana, Ropana, Wound Healing, Integrated Management, Diabetes Mellitus, Chronic Ulcer.

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Patient-specific dental implants (PSI) have emerged as a transformative solution for post-resection maxillofacial rehabilitation, providing customized reconstruction tailored to the patient's unique bone defect following tumor resection, trauma, or osteoradionecrosis. These implants overcome the limitations of conventional grafting by minimizing donor-site morbidity, reducing surgical time, and offering precise anatomical fit for improved functional and aesthetic outcomes. Advanced imaging, virtual surgical planning, and CAD/CAM or 3D printing technologies facilitate accurate design and fabrication, enabling immediate or early prosthetic rehabilitation. Clinical studies demonstrate enhanced mastication, speech, swallowing, and facial symmetry, alongside high implant survival rates and minimal complications. Despite advantages, challenges include high cost, technical complexity, and limited long-term data. Emerging innovations, such as bioactive and porous surfaces, integration with growth factors or stem cells, and AI-driven planning, further enhance osseointegration and personalized treatment. PSDIs represent a reliable, patient-centered approach for restoring both function and aesthetics in complex maxillofacial reconstructions.

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Patient-specific implants, Maxillofacial reconstruction, CAD/CAM, Osseointegration, Jaw resection

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Swathi Thirunal, popularly called Garbhasreeman is one of the world-renowned monarchs who ruled Travancore. He assumed power from the Regent Rani at the age of 16. He possessed a strong will and exhibited the caliber of a powerful ruler. He ruled the country with his own will and it led to the confrontation with the British. Over all his reign witnessed tremendous progress in all fields.

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political turbulences, confrontation, Treaty of Perpetual Alliance

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition