Volume 12 | Issue 10

 Abstract

Liver is an important organ concerned with the biochemical activities in the human body. It has a great capacity to detoxicate toxic substances and synthesize useful principles. Therefore, damage to the liver inflicted by a hepatotoxic agent is of grave consequences. There is an ever increasing need of an agent that could prevent such damage. Because of severe undesirable side effect of synthetic agents, there is growing focus to follow systematic research methodology and to evaluate the scientific basis for the traditional herbal medicines which are claimed to possess hepatoprotective activity. Tephrosia purpurea plant commonly known in sanskrit as sharpunkha is a highly branched, sub-erect, herbaceous perennial herb. In Ayurvedic literature, this plant has also given the name of "Sarwa wranvishapak" which means that it has the property of healing all types of wounds. It is an important component of some preparations such as "Tephroli" and "Yakrifit" used for liver disorders. The roots and seeds are reported to have insecticidal and piscicidal properties and are also used as a vermifuge. The roots are also reported to be effective in leprosy wound and their juice, to the eruption on the skin.

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Hepatotoxicity, Sharpunkha, liver disorder

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The integration of GPS and GSM technology into garbage collection vehicles revolutionizes waste management. GPS optimizes routes, reducing fuel consumption and collection time. Real-time monitoring improves coordination and response to issues. Automated alerts enhance communication with residents, minimizing missed collections. GSM facilitates quick calls to residents for safety. Ergonomic design minimizes fatigue for personnel. Shared garbage boxes streamline collection. This system prioritizes collector well-being, engages residents, and promotes sustainability for cleaner communities.

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Waste Management, GPS, GSM Technology, Ergonomics, Shared Garbage Box, Environmental Sustainability.

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C-peptide, a byproduct of insulin production, is an essential biomarker for evaluating pancreatic ?-cell function in diabetes mellitus. This comprehensive review highlights the clinical significance of C-peptide in distinguishing between various forms of diabetes, including type 1, type 2, and latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA). In type 1 diabetes, low or undetectable C-peptide levels reflect the loss of insulin-producing ?-cells, while in type 2 diabetes, elevated levels indicate residual ?-cell activity and insulin resistance. Beyond diagnosis, C-peptide plays a critical role in monitoring disease progression and guiding personalized treatment strategies. Its measurement helps assess endogenous insulin production, making it a key tool in determining the need for exogenous insulin therapy or alternative treatments. Additionally, emerging research suggests that C-peptide may have protective effects on microvascular and cardiovascular complications in diabetic patients, potentially reducing the risk of nephropathy, neuropathy, and retinopathy. This review gives the importance of C-peptide in clinical practice, enhancing its utility as a comprehensive biomarker in diabetes management.

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C-peptide, Biomarker, Pancreatic ?-cell function, Diabetes mellitus, Type 1 diabetes, Type 2 diabetes, Latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA), Nephropathy, Neuropathy, Retinopathy, Clinical significance

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ABSTRACT: Mercury(II) complexes have attracted considerable interest in the field of coordination chemistry due to their distinct structural characteristics and broad range of applications. This review examines the synthesis of Hg(II) complexes, focusing on the use of various ligands such as Schiff bases, organophosphorus compounds, and heterocyclic ligands to produce stable and structurally diverse complexes. The discussion includes a detailed exploration of synthetic strategies, ranging from traditional methods to more innovative approaches like solvent-free and green chemistry techniques, shedding light on the challenges and progress in this area. Furthermore, the review highlights the diverse applications of Hg(II) complexes, particularly in catalysis, material science, medicinal chemistry, and environmental remediation. Of particular note is the potential of these complexes in therapeutic areas, including anti-cancer, anti-bacterial, and anti-fungal treatments, as well as their role in developing novel catalytic systems for organic transformations. The environmental impact of Hg(II) complexes is also addressed, balancing their utility in pollution control with the inherent challenges of mercury toxicity. This comprehensive review aims to provide valuable insights for researchers, guiding future studies and exploring potential industrial applications.

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Mercury(II) complexes, Schiff bases, Organophosphorus ligands, Heterocyclic ligands, Synthetic strategies, Green chemistry.

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This article explores the various anomalies in tooth number, including hypodontia, hyperdontia, Supernumery teeth and Impacted teeth. Hypodontia involves the congenital absence of one or more teeth, while hyperdontia refers to the presence of extra teeth. These conditions can lead to various complications, including functional impairments, aesthetic concerns, and increased susceptibility to dental issues such as caries and periodontal disease. The etiology of tooth number anomalies is multifactorial, encompassing genetic factors, environmental influences, and developmental disturbances. This article reviews the types of anomalies related to tooth number, their clinical implications, and current diagnostic approaches. It also discusses available treatment strategies, emphasizing the importance of early detection and intervention to optimize oral health outcomes and improve the quality of life for affected individuals.

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Anomaly, Disturbances, Missing, Supernumery

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This article is concerned with fixed point theorems and their use in solving differential equations of nth order. In this work, we introduce fixed-point theory as a tool for studying stability theory for ordinary and functional differential equations. The challenges with Liapunov's direct approach to stability analysis inspired this article. It also takes several cases into account. Several previous findings in the literature are extended and generalized by our work. Picard's theorem, fixed points, Lipschitz maps, and nonlinear operators are some examples of what we mean by "keywords.".

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Fixed point, Banach fixed-point theorem, System of linear equations, Fredholm integral equation.

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India is a developing country. Since the early 1990 S Indian's growing economy has witnessed a rise in demand for transport infrastructure and service. Due to population growth and emerge economic in developing countries, the rapid development of technology makes cities more attractive and thereby increase the growth of urbanization.

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Transportation, traffic, economy.

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Abstract Juvenile delinquency remains a pressing concern for societies across the globe. Among various factors contributing to delinquent behaviours, family structure plays a pivotal role. This article explores the relationship between family structural dynamics--including single-parent households, family cohesion, socioeconomic factors, and parenting styles--and their influence on juvenile delinquency. By examining current research, we analyze how disruptions in family settings contribute to the development of antisocial behaviours, and how interventions can mitigate these influences.

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Juvenile delinquency,family structure,single-parent,family cohesion,antisocial behaviours

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Understanding the essence of green consumption behaviour is pivotal for promoting sustainable practices in society. Through the lens of the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB), this study aims to delve into the determinants of green consumption behaviour by examining the key determinants of actual behaviour. The theoretical framework conceived for the study was tested using primary data. Partial least squares method and structural equation modelling were employed to analyse the data. The analysis confirms significant relationships between key TPB constructs and green consumption behaviour. Perceived benefits enhance positive attitudes toward green products, while perceived risks negatively impact these attitudes. Normative beliefs and moral obligations significantly influence subjective norms. Both control forces and control beliefs enhance perceived behavioural control. Notably, perceived behavioural control directly affects intentions but does not significantly impact actual behaviour independently. It also acknowledges limitations such as sample diversity and reliance on self-reported data. The findings suggest that future research should diversify participant demographics and consider additional contemporary variables to enhance the TPB framework.

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Behavioural Intention, Green Consumption, Perceived Behavioural Control, Smart PLS, Theory of planned behaviour.

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Black cotton soil shows the properties like swell-shrink which results in settlement of pavement to overcome this impact rice husk ash is used.

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Rice husk ash and black cotton soil

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As more and more people exhibit the symptoms of smartphone addiction such as obsessive phone use, lower productivity and even physical and mental health issues-concern over smart phone addiction has escalated in recent years. Therefore, it is necessary to create efficient technique for predicting smart phone addiction and identifying people who are at risk. In this study we developed a Machine Learning model that can predict the risk of smart phone addiction using data collected from a survey of smart phone users. The study covered a wide range of psychological traits such as stress, anixity and depression in addition to demographics and phone use patterns. Our model with the help of popular and effective machine learning method. By preprocessing the data, which included encoding categorical categories and normalizing numerical variables, we made sure the model could train successfully. We employed a number of metrics, such as accuracy, to evaluate the model's performance after using a portion of the data to train it. Our results showed that the model was very accurate in predicting smart phone addiction. Our built model has several potential applications. It could be used by medical professionals to identify the individuals who are most at risk of developing a smart phone addiction and to provide the appropriate support. It might be used by app developers to make less addictive apps that promote wiser phone usage habits. In conclusion, our study shows that it is both possible and successful to predict smart phone addiction using machine learning models. Further research is needed to validate our findings on larger and more diverse datasets and explore the potential applications of this model in different contexts.

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Decision tree, Random Forest, Logistic Regression and Machine learning techniques

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Logistics optimization systems are essential in managing complex supply chains efficiently. This paper explores a comprehensive approach to logistics optimization, focusing on determining the optimal number of trucks, selecting the best routes, minimizing costs, and integrating feedback mechanisms. The study also covers demand forecasting, business decision-making, risk management, transportation scheduling, and inventory management. By combining theoretical insights with practical case studies, this paper demonstrates how integrated logistics systems can enhance operational efficiency and strategic decisionmaking, ultimately contributing to long-term business success

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Cost, Time, Optimization and Risk

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Polycystic Ovary Syndrome(PCOS) ia a choronic complex and the most commen endocrine disorder observed in women of reproductive age. The reasearch been carried out on the effect of some bio-chemical parameters on women with polycystic ovaries. Polycystic Ovary Syndrome attending the department of Biotechnology. There are medicines which can induce an artificial menstrual cycle and the regular level of harmones and ultimately treat the three sign of PCOS. i.e- Acne , Hirsutism, obesity.

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Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ; PCOS hyperandrogenism, Homocystine.

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Euthanasia refers to the practice of intentionally ending a life to relieve pain and suffering (provided the purpose is good and the death is as painless as possible). This idea gave rise to a compassionate death which is found beyond natural death. Individuals who request euthanasia usually do so to avoid the physical and mental suffering that can characterize the final stages of a terminal illness. Individuals who perform euthanasia usually do so out of compassion for the sufferer and to end the sufferer's intolerable suffering. It is classified as voluntary, non-voluntary and involuntary

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Euthanasia: Indian Perspective

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Malvaviscus arboreus is a flowering plant of the Malvaceae family. This plant has several medical applications, including the treatment of whooping cough, wounds, fever, hypertension, sore throat, bronchitis, gastritis, and liver difficulties, stomach-ache, diarrhoea, liver and gall bladder problems, cystitis, and renal illnesses. Botanical research has been done on the leaf, flower, petiole, and stem. The plant has yielded a diverse array of chemical compounds such as cardiac glycosides, flavonoids, terpenoids, alkaloids, tannins through isolation process. Experiments from several research revealed that extracts from various parts had a wide variety of therapeutic benefits such as antibacterial activity, antifungal activity, antioxidant activity, hepatoprotective activity, gastroprotective activity, and anticancer activity. The rich pharmacological effects and underscores the importance of further investigation to elucidate the mechanism underlying its diverse therapeutic actions. The wide range of chemical constituents in the plant underscores its significance in traditional medicine and its potential for the development of novel therapeutic agents.

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Malvaviscus arboreus, anti-inflammatory activity, antifungal, Hepatoprotective activity, Anti-cancer activity

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The Project is aimed to develop Staff Academic Module. The system will be an online Android application that can be accessed by the teaching staff with proper login provided. The system can be used as an application for the college teaching Staff, who made their work easy and support academic collaboration. For teaching staff can access academic resources and also make the marksheet in this app. With this system, users can effortlessly access academic related resources and can generate marksheet document in which sum will automatically display. Generating excel marksheet by calculating sum can be time consuming. Streamlines this app significantly reducing the time required to create marksheet documents

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Resources Providing, Automatic display of marks and student names in excel sheet, Schedule Making

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In many applications, such as document digitalization, augmented reality, and driverless cars, text detection and identification are becoming more and more important. This study investigates the techniques and developments in the fields of scene text recognition and optical character recognition (OCR). We examine the development from conventional methods, which mainly made use of hand-crafted features and rule-based systems, to contemporary deep learning strategies that make use of recurrent and convolutional neural networks (RNNs) for increased robustness and accuracy.

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Machine Learning, Deep Learning, Text detection, Analysis

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Super capacitors, also known as ultra capacitors or electric double-layer capacitors (EDLCs), are advanced energy storage devices that bridge the gap between conventional capacitors and batteries. They are characterized by their high power density, rapid charge-discharge capabilities, and long cycle life. These attributes make super capacitors an attractive choice for applications requiring high power bursts and frequent cycling. The present section provides a detailed overview of the various types of super capacitors and their applications, highlighting their underlying mechanisms, advantages, and current advancements

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EDLCs, Supercapacitors, conventional capacitors, batteries.

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The United Arab Emirates (UAE) is one of the fast-growth economies and has become an international trading, tourism as well as finance hub. Although the economy of this country is still well-to-do, wage gaps continue as troubling issues that seep through different spheres and demography. Those forces are specific to nationality, gender, and the industry as well as education level. The goal set up by this study is to investigate the causes that lie beneath salary disparities in the UAE and to understand what they mean for its labor market, as well as the social fabric (Moshrif, 2022).

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Salary Inequality

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Paracetamol, also known as acetaminophen ,is the most commonly used antipyretic and pain reliever. Over the counter availability and a good safety profile make paracetamol one of the most common analgesic in developed countries but also the leading cause of liver failure due to overdose. .Paracetamol toxicity is one of the most common causes of poisioning world wide. While paracetamol is described as relatively nontoxic when administered in therapeutic doses, it is known to cause toxicity when taken in a single or repeated high dose, or after chronic ingestion. We herein review the literature on paracetamol toxicity with particular attention to aspects of liver damage and related fatalities.

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Paracetamol, Hepatotoxicity, drug overdose, Liver toxicity

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