Volume 11 | Issue 10

 Abstract

TUBERCULOSIS is a common disease caused by M tuberculi. overall 20-25% manifest as extrapulmonary TB example pleura, abdomen, kidney, bones, and lymph nodes. Less than 1 % incidence in India. Even in endemic countries parotid tuberculosis is very rare. Discussion:Extra pulmonary tuberculosis is common in the pleura, abdomen, genitourinary system. Even though tuberculosis is common in developing countries like India, salivary gland involvement is rare. The parotid gland is the most common salivary gland to be infected with mycobacterium. The clinical presentation varies from a localised indolent chronic swelling to an acute painful swelling Imaging techniques such as CT and MRI are sensitive but not specific. Ultrasound examination is the initial imaging technique for parotid gland evaluation. Chest radiography is mandatory for patients with symptoms of TB.Conclusion :It is symptomatically similar to neoplasm and non-existing symptoms of TB cause several difficulties. Parotid gland abscess caused by Tuberculosis is always comparable in diagnosis to a solitary mass.

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PAROTID GLAND, RARE, IMAGING TECHNIQUES, TUBERCULOSIS,SWELLING

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The use of Information and Communication Technology in education improves the quality of education and brings about desirable changes both qualitative and quantitative. Teacher education need to imbibe the skill of using computers more than anybody else in the educational setup because these teacher educators are the persons who mold the teachers and the input in the process of education. Therefore it is a need to train teachers in the use of Information and Communication Technology to get good results in the field of education. The present study is an attempt to examine the perceptions of teacher educators towards Information and Communication Technology in teaching learning process. Major objectives of the study: To analyze the perception of teacher educators towards applications of Information and Communication Technology in Teaching -Learning Process, to investigate the relationship between Teaching- Learning Process and the application of Information and Communication Technology. The study made use of both primary data and secondary data. Primary data was collected using well-framed questionnaires. Random sampling was used for sample selection and included 200 samples. The study found out that there is a significant difference in the opinion among the teacher educators of three universities with respect to Presentation Facilities and there is no significant difference in the opinion among the teacher educators of three universities with respect to `Computer Awareness', Internet Applications and Operational Skills'. There is significant relationship between Teaching- Learning Process and the application of Information and Communication Technology.

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Perception, Technology, Computer, Teaching -Learning process and Application.

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The neem tree (Azadirachta indica), native to the Indian subcontinent, has long been celebrated for its diverse range of biological and therapeutic properties. This review aims to provide an in-depth analysis of the botanical characteristics, traditional uses, and modern scientific research related to neem. The article discusses its chemical constituents, pharmacological activities, and potential applications in various fields, including medicine, agriculture, and cosmetics. Neems' significant antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, and immunomodulatory effects, among others, are highlighted. The paper also examines the challenges and prospects of harnessing neems potential for sustainable and innovative developments.

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Neem, Azadirachta indica, botanical characteristics, traditional uses, bioactive compounds, pharmacological activities, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, applications, challenges, sustainability.

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This paper presents a review of non-isolated DC-DC step-up converters with different voltage gain techniques. The research analyses high-boost techniques: interleaved, multilevel, switched inductor, switched capacitor, voltage-lift, and coupled inductor. Additionally, compared with the quantity of passive and active components, voltage gain, voltage stress, switching frequency, efficiency, and power rating Instead of the DC/DC converters, the review of high-boosting methods is the paper's major contribution.

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Non-isolated; DC/DC converter; step-up techniques; high voltage gain

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In this paper we describe the sound wave signal analysis using Fast Fourier Transform application in Matlab. Firstly we know some important application and definition as shown in example i.e. Fourier series, Fourier transform (FT), Discrete Fourier transform (DFT), Fast Fourier transform (FFT) and Wavelet transform (WT) in Filter bank and also how to apply filter bank in Matlab, i.e. Normalized Filter, High-pass Filter, Low-pass Filter and also the Band-pass Filter and Band-stop Filter. That application is very useful in the study of frequency response in a Filter bank and Fast Fourier transform in the signal analysis. It describe the mathematical foundations of digital signal processing, sound, synthesis algorithms, multi-time frequency domain analysis associated with musical sound etc. Our aim is to consider two sound wave signals to analyze the frequency response of sound wave signal or in other words this paper is to compare and analyze two sound wave signals associated with Fast Fourier transform numerically and graphically

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Fourier Transform, Fourier series ,DFT, IDFT, FFT, Matlab, Convolution, sound wave signal, and filter banks, frequency analysis etc.

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The tea tribe community constitutes a sizable population of Assam. Although large financial investments have been made for socio-economic and educational development of this community, their progress in these spheres remains disdainfully low as compared to other communities of Assam. Despite various welfare schemes, yet there is less development in the educational status of the children of tea tribe community. The present study is an attempt to analyse school dropout among the children of the tea tribe community at the secondary level of education in Sivasagar and Jorhat Districts of Assam (2002-2022).The objectives of the present study are -to examine the extent of the dropout at the secondary level of education among the children of the tea tribe community at the secondary level in Sivasagar and Jorhat Districts of Assam and to identify the various causes of dropout among the children of the tea tribe community of Sivasagar and Jorhat Districts of Assam. Descriptive survey method was employed. Both primary and secondary sources were used to collect data. Multistage stratified sampling technique was used for selection of sample. Cohort method was used to identify the rate of dropout. The data was analysed qualitatively and quantitatively using well established statistical techniques. It was found that the causes of dropout among the children of the tea tribe community are- academic causes, economic causes, social causes and miscellaneous causes. It is suggested that Government should provide proper educational facilities and well planned welfare schemes to the children of the tea tribe community

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Dropouts, Tea Tribe Community, Cohort method

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Infertility is the failure to achieve pregnancy after 12 months or more of regular unprotected sex. WHO estimates there are 48 million couples and 186 million individuals live with infertility globally. Increased demand for in vitro fertilization (IVF) due to socio-demographic trends, and supply facilitated by new technologies, converged to transform the way a substantial proportion of humans reproduce. The purpose of this article is to discuss about indications of IVF based on scientific research reviews. Researcher searched online journals through reputed sites such as PUBMED, Google Scholar, Research gate for evidences and institutional sites for current practice of IVF. The categories are IVF and Problems with Fallopian Tube, Problems with ovulation, endometriosis, male infertility and Fertility preservation. Infertility is the major reason for the people to choose IVF. Since there are plenty of reasons for drastic increase of infertility, approach to IVF became new normal among young couple. Outcome of discussion is about early approach to IVF clinic will make the people confident and cost effective compared to treating the problems related to infertility. Some infertility issues are untreatable or need long term follow up. Some prognosis of infertility treatment is better, but natural conception after treatment is still on discussion. But IUI, IVF and ICSI maintains high success rate.

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Infertility, IVF, Discussion, Review, Problems with Fallopian Tube, Problems with ovulation, endometriosis, male infertility and Fertility preservation

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A slab that rests directly on the columns without the provision of beams is called a flat slab. Unlike conventional slabs, the load applied on the flat slab is transferred directly to the column which is a relatively small area. Construction of a flat slab has its own advantages like good architectural appearances, easier formwork, shorter construction time, reduced building height and better illumination. But in the flat slab system, it is not possible to have larger spans and the thickness of the slab is more when compared to conventional reinforced concrete two-way slab system. The effective span of the column defines the load distribution in the flat slab system. Hence the flat slab design is direct connected with column spacing or Effective length of span. Punching shear failure is one of the failure that occurs in a flat slab. When the load is applied on the slab, large shear forces and bending moments occur near the columns and it leads to failure of the slab by punching around the column. Punching shear failure is a brittle failure.

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Flat slab, Effective span, Economic behavior, FEM

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Abstract: Reading comprehension is a complex cognitive task that influences knowledge acquisition and critical thinking. This research article explores influential linguistic psychological theories to deepen our understanding of reading comprehension. The prominent theories examined are the Dual-Route Theory of Reading, Construction-Integration Model, Schema Theory, Interactive Compensatory Model, Levels of Processing Theory, and the Simple View of Reading. The Dual-Route Theory posits two cognitive pathways for reading: the lexical and phonological routes. Skilled readers flexibly switch between these pathways based on word familiarity, facilitating efficient comprehension. The Construction-Integration Model emphasizes readers' prior knowledge, vocabulary, and grammatical skills in constructing meaning from text, leading to a coherent mental representation. Schema Theory highlights the role of readers' mental frameworks in guiding comprehension and organizing new information based on existing knowledge and experiences. The Interactive Compensatory Model recognizes that reading comprehension involves dynamic cognitive strategies to compensate for challenges and maintain understanding. The Levels of Processing Theory suggests that the depth of processing affects memory traces, leading to better comprehension when information is encoded more elaborately. The Simple View of Reading underscores the essential roles of decoding skills and linguistic comprehension, with a balanced approach to instruction and intervention. Understanding these theories informs effective reading instruction and intervention, with tailored support for individual learners. Early identification and intervention for reading difficulties are crucial, as well as fostering metacognitive awareness and cognitive flexibility. Content-rich instruction and exposure to diverse texts enhance comprehension and knowledge transfer.

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Keywords: Reading comprehension, Dual-Route Theory, Construction-Integration Model, Schema Theory, Interactive Compensatory Model, Levels of Processing Theory, Simple View of Reading.

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Centrifugal pumps are a sub-class of dynamic axisymmetric work-absorbing turbo machinery and used to transport fluid by conversion of rotational kinetic energy to hydrodynamic energy. This project investigates the study of complex internal flows in centrifugal pump impellers with the aid of computational fluid dynamics software thus facilitating the design of pumps. Here three different types of pump impellers had been taken. The pump specifications considered for investigation are discharge and speed. These specifications have been varied to perform a comparative study of these pump impellers. The impeller was modelled in CATIA and the blade to blade plane of the impellers was taken for the detailed study purpose because the flow occurs through this passage only. The blade to blade plane is modelled in CATIA software and the flow analysis is carried out using CFD software. Thus the valid results regarding the velocity distribution and pressure distributions were predicated and the performance of those pumps had been compared from the computational results.

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Centrifugal pump, Impeller analysis, CFD analysis.

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This article explores and compares two seismic design methods, namely the lateral force method and the response spectrum analysis, for multi-story steel structures. It begins by introducing the fundamentals of seismic analysis and the importance of earthquake-resistant design. The article delves into the differences between major earthquakes at tectonic plate boundaries and intra-plate earthquakes, highlighting the significance of steel structures in earthquake resistance due to their ductility. The two primary seismic design options, focusing on elastic and plastic behavior, are discussed, emphasizing the concept of dissipative and non-dissipative structures. The article then presents a detailed problem statement involving a six-story steel structure subjected to seismic analysis. The seismic parameters for the building site are outlined. The analysis is conducted using both the equivalent static method and response spectrum analysis, with load parameters and results provided. The article further covers connection design, unstiffened seat connection, and base plate design. In conclusion, it discusses the differences in results between the two analysis methods and their implications on the design and cost-effectiveness of steel structures in seismic zones. The study reveals that lateral force methods yield higher base shear values and higher steel consumption, making response spectrum analysis a more realistic and cost-effective approach for seismic design.

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Seismic Analysis, Steel Structures, Lateral Force Method, Response Spectrum Analysis, Ductility, Seismic Design Options, Multi-Story Buildings

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The Vedic concept of an all-pervading subtle energy has proved to be a subtle form of matter that is homogeneously distributed in space. The Vai?e?ika theory of atoms is undoubtedly a starting point in the history of physical concepts for explaining the universe in a causal framework. Kanada for the first time became able to distinguish between the physical changes that merely alter the substance's state and the chemical processes that result in new substances which were merely hinted at in the Nyaya philosophy of Gautama. The physical nature of light and its impact on visual organs is described vividly. This paper will analyse the elements of scientific facets of physics that are reflected in ancient Indian knowledge

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physics, Sanskrit, atomism, Buddhism, time -space, Vedas

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The MSMEs sector contributes 30% to Indian GDP and support 11.1 crore jobs, with a 42% increase in budget allocation for FY 2023-24. Despite being pivotal component of Indian economy and effective medium of financial inclusion, the lack of financial deepening has been a grave issue before MSMEs. This study outlines the credit gap in Indian MSMEs and describes how fintech, by creating proprietary alternative credit evaluation models, helps tackle the mentioned problem. The study considers descriptive and qualitative research methodologies to examine the issue and validates its findings.

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Fintech, Digital lending, Digital Financial Inclusion, Indian MSMEs

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lkSaUn;Z'kkl=, ck.kh, vk/;kfRed, fcac, uSfrdrk

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Here we try to investigating the image by different methodology of denoising in terms of PSNR. Compare the BivaShrink and BayesShrink method with applying the DWT (Discrete wavelet transform) & DTCWT (Discrete transform continuous wavelet transform). In these shrinking methods we are analyze in the image algorithm and find the minimum error in those algorithms.

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Image Denoising, Threshold Method, Discrete wavelet transform, continuous wavelet transform, PSNR, MSE.

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Diaspora, Culture, Gender, Gender Roles, Identity.

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Drug designing, also known as rational drug design, is a complex and dynamic process in pharmaceutical research that aims to develop new medications with high specificity and efficacy. This review article provides a comprehensive overview of drug designing, discussing its fundamental principles, various approaches, and recent advancements that have the potential to transform the landscape of modern medicine

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DRUG DESIGNING

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Abstract: This study investigates the customer awareness of and satisfaction with insurance corporations. In light of the public's growing awareness of life's unpredictability and the intense competition in the insurance sector, it is important for insurance companies to comprehend what their clients need. In order to determine the factors influencing consumer awareness of and satisfaction with insurance companies and their policies, this study is based on primary data that was collected through a questionnaire from 50 policyholders. Mann Whitney U Test and Kruskal Wallis H Test were used to analyze the data.

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Policyholders Satisfaction, Policyholders Awareness, Insurance companies and Policies.

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"Standardization Of Traditionally Prepared Yashada Bhasma"

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"Standardization Of Traditionally Prepared Yashada Bhasma"

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The thin film peroskites are now overpowering the photovoltaic devices and are being under tremendous research. In this mini review we have extensively discussed thin film perovskites solar cells (PSCs)on the basis of the recent developments during the last decade in the area of power conversion efficiencies (PCE), open circuit Voltage (VOC), close circuit current (ISC), and optimization for the trade-off between the PCE and absorber and thin film thickness for the observer layer. Present trends is now going towards the stability analysis of the perovskite material that is also covered in this paper. Versatile availability for the combination of heterogeneous materials and there integration produces a wide range of perovskite solar cell. This mini review is a brief discussion to gives an insight on this emerging field in a compact form.

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Thin film; Perovskite; Power conversion efficiency, Open circuit voltage, closed circuit current.

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