Volume 13 | Issue 10

 Abstract

Brain tumor detection is essential for early diagnosis and successful treatment, which significantly increases the chances of recovery and survival. Timely detection allows for appropriate and more effective treatment to begin, as delayed diagnosis can substantially increase mortality rates, especially with fast-growing malignant tumors. Artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) are crucial tools that assist in early detection by automating the process of analyzing medical images. CAD systems, often powered by AI techniques, help physicians identify and classify tumors more accurately and efficiently than manual methods alone. Algorithms can extract intricate patterns from images that may be missed during manual review, leading to more accurate diagnoses.

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brain tumor; MRI; deep learning; artificial intelligence; medical images; convolution neural networks (CNN); transfer learning.

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NITI-Ledger introduces a blockchain-powered platform designed to improve transparency and security in the management of public funds. By leveraging Hyperledger Fabric, the system creates tamper-resistant records, allows realtime monitoring of fund disbursement, and incorporates stakeholder validation using document hashes, detailed audits, and citizen-submitted geotagged photographs. Additionally, a CRISP-DM-inspired fraud detection module enhances the capabilities of role-based dashboards for administrators, auditors, agencies, and citizens. This approach aims to increase accountability, minimize fund misuse, and build greater trust in public governance

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Blockchain, Public Funds, Hyperledger Fabric, Citizen Verification.

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This research explores the development and financial outcomes of Non-Banking Financial Companies (NBFCs) in India, which play a vital role in extending credit to populations that are either underbanked or unbanked. The analysis assesses variations in solvency, profitability, and liquidity within a representative sample of NBFCs through the application of statistical evaluation methods and ratio analysis. The findings indicate that strong governance, prudent financial management, and diverse funding options enhance institutional resilience and profitability. The research highlights the increasing significance of NBFCs in driving India's economic growth and their contribution to loan expansion and financial inclusion.

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Keywords Financial Results, Ratio Assessment, Profitability, Financial Stability, Expansion, and Financial Accessibility of Non-Banking Financial Institutions.

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The New Encyclopaedia defines "In geography, a desert is a landscape form or region that receives very little precipitation. More specifically, it is defined as an area that receives an average annual precipitation of less than 250 millimeters (mm) (10 inches (in) ... Because deserts are so dry, they are ideal places for artifacts and fossils to be preserved. Humans who travel into deserts unprepared, particularly without carrying an adequate supply of water, have a slim chance of survival. The high heat causes rapid loss of water in the form of sweat. Without water, a person in a desert could die of thirst in a couple of days''. But it is also true that the deserts have a magic of their own. It has served as a muse for artists and poets. Some see it as a challenge and have undertaken journeys across deserts. There are a great many things to be celebrated about the desert.

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Call of the desert - splendid artworks from India

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Keywords: Tobacco consumption, Middle age adults, Prevalence, Cross Sectional study, Risk Factors

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Takotsubo syndrome (TTS), or stress-induced cardiomyopathy, is characterized by transient regional wall motion abnormalities of the left ventricle (LV) in the absence of obstructive coronary artery disease. Although typically triggered by acute emotional or physical stress, its occurrence after cardiac device implantation--such as permanent pacemakers--is exceptionally rare. We report the case of a 74-year-old woman who developed apical ballooning syndrome and acute left ventricular systolic dysfunction following the implantation of a dual-chamber permanent pacemaker for complete atrioventricular (AV) block. The condition spontaneously resolved over the course of one month. This case highlights the importance of clinical suspicion for TTS in frail patients undergoing invasive cardiac procedures, especially when symptoms and imaging findings mimic acute coronary syndrome.

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pacemaker complication, left ventricular dysfunction, takotsubo syndrom

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Asrugdar (menorrhaggia)is a most common gynecological problem found in Prasuti tantra department. It is not a disease but it is symptom found in many gynecological disorders.asrugdar is characterized by the excessive bleeding per vaginum in amount and duration both. In modern science it is correlated with menorrhagia . Menorrhagia means excessive discharge of blood per vaginum. Backache, pain in lower abdomen and weakness are also present in this disease. All the gynecological disorders come under the heading of Yonivyapad in Ayurvedic classics. Most of the Yonivyapad have characteristic features of menorrhagia such as Raktayoni, Rudhirkashara, Putraghni, Apraja etc. Among Ashta-artavadushti, Raktaja artava-dushti asrudar is also found as prominent symptom. Since, Asrigdar is mainly due to vitiation of Vata and Pitta dosha hence, the treatment should be based on the use of drugs which are having predominance of Kashaya rasa and Pitta -shamak properties. Therefore, treatment mainly based on concept of Raktastambhaka as well as Raktavardhaka. Ashokarishta" is mentioned in bhaishjyaratnavali pradarrog chikitsa Adhyay Hence, for present study "Ashokarishta" is selected for a case study

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Asrugdar, menorrhagia,Ayurveda ashokarishta

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This paper presents the design and development of a Smart Uro-Bag, an advanced, non-contact urine analysis system aimed at continuous and real-time health monitoring. The system integrates a chemically reactive urine test strip within a urine collection bag and employs a color sensor to detect colorimetric changes in the strip, which correspond to specific biomarkers related to kidney and bladder health. These color changes are captured by the sensor and interpreted using a microcontroller (ESP32), which processes the data and transmits it wirelessly via Bluetooth to a connected smartphone or monitoring system. The core objective is to provide a hygienic, contactless, and automated method for analyzing urine samples, particularly for elderly, immobile, or hospitalized patients. By reducing the need for manual intervention, the Smart UroBag enhances patient safety, improves diagnostic efficiency, and supports timely medical intervention. Its compact design, low cost, and ease of integration make it a promising tool for both home-based care and clinical environments. This solution bridges the gap between traditional urine analysis and smart healthcare, paving the way for next-generation biomedical monitoring tools.

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Smart Urine Bag, Urine Analysis, Color Sensor, EPS32 Microcontroller, Bluetooth Transmission, Real Time Health Monitoring.

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In developing countries like India, nutritional deficiency is one of the major reasons behind many diseases, especially among children. A large part of the Indian population lives below the poverty line and is unable to afford a well-balanced diet that includes important food items like milk, cereals, pulses, and green leafy vegetables. As a result, many Indian children suffer from nutritional deficiency disorders,the most common being Iron Deficiency Anaemia (IDA). According to the World Health Organization (WHO), over 2 million children around the world are anaemic, and about half of them suffer specifically from iron deficiency anaemia.In Ayurveda, this condition can be correlated with Pandu Roga, which is described in classical texts based on similar signs and symptoms. Ayurveda explains that Pandu Roga occurs due to the loss of the body's vital essence, known as Ojas, which is responsible for strength- bala, varna, sneha. When Ojas is reduced, it leads to low blood formation (alpa rakta), poor nourishment (alpa meda), and fatigue (nissara). This further results in indriyashaithilya, and vivarnata. The main goal of treatment in Ayurveda is to correct and balance especially a white skin tone known as pandu varn and their related symptoms. Dhatvagni and Jatharagni are responsible for proper metabolism in body. When Agni is properly balanced, the metabolism functions normally, and the body is better able to digest food, absorb nutrients, and maintain good health.This article explores the condition systematically, covering epidemiology, etiology, clinical features, diagnosis, management, and preventive strategies. Early intervention, dietary supplementation, and community programs are emphasized as critical measures to combat its impact.

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Iron Deficiency Anemia, Panduroga, Pediatrics, Hemoglobin, Nutritional Deficiency

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 Abstract

Bauddh trikaay tulnatmak samiksha

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Bauddh trikaay tulnatmak samiksha

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ABSTRACT Background Of The Study: Personal Hygiene Refers To Regularly Washing Parts Of The Body And Hair With Soap And Water (Including Washing Your Hands And Feet), Grooming Nails, Facial Cleanliness, Covering Coughs And Sneezes, And Menstrual Hygiene. Personal Hygiene Practices Can Help You To Feel Fresh And Healthy. Good Hygiene Helps Children To Live A Happier And Healthier Life. It Also Helps To Reduce The Risk Of Illness, Build Self-Esteem And Teach Life Skills. Statement of The Problem:"A Study To Evaluate The Effectiveness Of Health Education On Knowledge Regarding Personal Hygiene Among Govt. Middle School Children Studying In Selected Rural Schools At Jatkhedi Bhopal." Objectives Of The Study -To Assess The Pre-Test Knowledge Level Regarding Personal Hygiene Among Of Govt. Middle School Children Regarding.To Assess The Post -Test Knowledge Level Regarding Personal Hygiene Among Of Govt. Middle School Children Regarding. To Evaluate The Effectiveness Of Health Education On Personal Hygiene By Comparing The Pre-Test And Post-Test Knowledge Scores.To Find Out The Association Between Pre-Test Knowledge Levels Of Middle School Children Regarding Personal Hygiene With Selected Socio-Demographic Variables.H1:The Post- Test Mean Knowledge Score Will Be Higher Than The Pre Test Mean Knowledge Score Regarding Personal Hygiene Among Middle School Children.H2: There Will Be Significant Association Between Pre-Test Knowledge Levels Of Middle School Children Regarding Personal Hygiene With Selected Socio-Demographic Variables. DATA Collection Methods :-Chi-Square (?2) Test Was Used To Determine The Association Between Pre-Test Knowledge Level Of Middle School Children Regarding Personal Hygiene And Selected Socio-Demographic Variables. Paired "T" Test Was Used To Determine The Effectiveness Of Health Education On Personal Hygiene Comparing The Mean Knowledge Pre Test And Post Test Scores Of Middle School Children. RESULT :- The Chi-Square Test Was Carried Out To Determine The Association Between The Pre- Test Knowledge And Demographic Variables Such As Age, Gender, Religion, Class, Parent Education, Type Of Family, Monthly Income, Residence Of Area ,Source Of Information. Out Of Which Age (? 2= 3.3*), Religion (? 2= 3.95*) And Type Of Family (?2=5.48*) Were Found To Be Significantly Associated With Pre- Test Knowledge At 5%Level And The Rest Of The Demographic Variables Were Not Significant. Hence Research Hypotheses H2 Is Proved And Accepted. It Is Evident That Pre-Test Knowledge Score Is Better Influenced By Age, Religion And Type Of Family Of Middle School Children.

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Keywords: - Personal Hygiene, Middle School Children (6th -8th Standard ),Health Education .

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BACKGROUND: Sarcopenia, a progressive loss of skeletal muscle mass, strength, and function, is associated with aging, disease, or inactivity and increases the risk of falls, fractures, disability, and mortality. A systematic review and meta-analysis by Fanny Petermann Rocha (2021) revealed that the prevalence of sarcopenia and severe sarcopenia varies significantly depending on diagnostic criteria, underscoring the need for standardized guidelines to ensure consistent comparisons across populations. AIM AND OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study is to analyse the prevalence of sarcopenia among the geriatric population using SCAR-F questionnaire and to determine prevalence of sarcopenia using bio impedance analysis. METHODOLOGY: The prevalence of sarcopenia was assessed in 200 older adults aged 50-80 years over a four-week period using a convenience sampling method. The study was conducted at selected clinics and participants' homes. Inclusion criteria comprised willing, lean older adults, while individuals with psychological disorders, recent surgeries, or traumatic injuries were excluded. Sarcopenia assessment was performed using the SARC-F questionnaire in combination with Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA). RESULT: Sarcopenia prevalence was highest (89%) among individuals aged 80-90 years. Age was significantly associated with sarcopenia, whereas gender showed no significant relationship. SARC-F scores demonstrated a strong correlation with age and muscle strength, with all predictors except gender reaching statistical significance. CONCLUSION: The findings of this study demonstrate a significant association between age and sarcopenia prevalence, underscoring the importance of early screening and intervention. Results support the use of the SARC-F questionnaire and Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA) as practical tools for preliminary assessment of sarcopenia.

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Sarcopenia, Skeletal Muscle Mass, Bio electrical impedance analysis, SARCF Questionnaire.

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This paper explores the deep-rooted influence of Arab culture on the cuisine of Kerala's Malabar Coast and posits this shared heritage as a strategic asset for the contemporary hospitality sector. For centuries, the spice trade fostered a profound cultural and social fusion between the Arabian Peninsula and Kerala, leading to the emergence of the Mappila community and its unique culinary traditions. This study analyzes the historical integration, compares the characteristics of traditional vegetarian Keralan cuisine with the meat-rich, complex flavors of Mappila food, and examines key dishes like Thalassery Biryani and Alisa to illustrate this synthesis. The research reveals that Mappila cuisine is not a mere imitation of Arabic food but an authentic, hybrid tradition that adapted foreign ingredients and techniques, such as the use of ghee, warm spices, and dum cooking, to local tastes and products like kaima rice. For the modern Arab tourist, this presents an experience of "familiarity in exoticism," offering comforting, recognizable flavors within a new and exciting Indian context. The paper argues for a strategic shift away from serving generic "Middle Eastern" food towards marketing Mappila cuisine as a discovery of shared culinary history. Strategic recommendations for the hospitality sector include developing menus with historical storytelling, creating immersive food tours and cooking classes, and launching targeted marketing campaigns to position Kerala as a premier culinary destination for the Arab market.

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Mappila Cuisine, Kerala Cuisine, Culinary Tourism, Arab Influence, Food Heritage, Hospitality Marketing, Malabar Coast, Cultural Fusion

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Shweta Pradara is one of the most common and burning problem faced by the women all around the globe. No woman is an exception to this illness. Many of the gynecological disorders present Shweta pradara as the major complaint which if neglected may lead to ascending infections harming the general health and disturbing the women psychologically. Shweta pradara can be a symptom of many diseases as well as an independent entity. The white discharge with foul smell makes it embracing to get into the social gatherings and even engaging in to her personal affairs. The white discharge may start as a simple problem and end in severity up to infertility if not treated at right time. There are many treatments prescribed for this problem but not free from side effects and reoccurrence. Hence selection of an appropriate treatment without disturbing the other system is very much essential. The present study has been designed to substantiate the Nidana and Samprapti, Samprapti Vighantana of Shweta Pradara, so that an alternative better form of therapy can be made available in those suffering from Shweta Pradara. Taking into account, the complications of untreated Shweta Pradara like infertility etc. It is therefore imperative that this condition be actively treated and the quality of life be restored.

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Shweta Pradara, Vaginal Discharge, Infertility, White Discharge.

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The integration of Real-Time Operating Systems (RTOS) with embedded camera systems has significantly advanced industrial inspection tools, offering deterministic performance, precise control, and support for complex imaging tasks. This review explores the architecture, performance, and challenges associated with RTOS-based camera firmware. Through a comparative analysis of key RTOS platforms and experimental results, the review highlights how these systems enable efficient defect detection, edge AI processing, and real-time responsiveness. Despite the progress, issues such as hardware abstraction, power optimization, and AI integration remain key areas for development. The review concludes with future directions aimed at enhancing scalability, adaptability, and intelligence in industrial vision systems.

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RTOS, Embedded Firmware, Industrial Inspection, Camera Control, Edge AI, Real-Time Systems, Image Processing, FreeRTOS, Zephyr, VxWorks.

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Creating appropriate questions that assess different cognitive subskills of learners in reading and listening is crucial in English as a Foreign Language (EFL) education, especially in summative assessments. This study examines the differences in question difficulty levels and how the assessed subskills vary in terms of cognitive demand even when the same question format is used. A set of questions developed by the researchers demonstrates how test writers and material developers can modify question difficulty levels to differentiate learners according to their performance. The study also highlights how phrasing and cognitive demand can significantly influence fairness and reliability in classroom assessments. This theoretical study provides practical implications in the field of material creation and test development to ensure appropriateness of tasks used and fairness in the distribution of difficulty level. It further offers a conceptual model that can guide future empirical research on aligning question types with learner performance and additional research in listening and writing skills.

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question types, EFL assessment, sub skills, skimming, scanning, intensive reading, difficulty level, inference, critical thinking, test writers, material developers, learner performance, appropriate tasks, fair distribution.

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Ayurveda is science of life that gives equal emphasis to diet & lifestyle. Ayurveda shows the ways to overcome diseases and also to maintain good health. Ayurveda has given importance to diet and regimen as a part of Chikitsa. The term Panchakarma is made out of two words, Pancha (five) and Karma. Karma refers to procedures and having the capacity to expel out the vitiated Doshas. The five procedures i.e Vamana, Virechana, Basti, Nasya and Raktamokshana are nothing but the internal purification of the body. The patient loses energy after Pradhana Shodhana Karma and the kaya becomes weak. In Panchakarma therapy, role of Pathya-Apathya has a great importance. Various Acharyas recommend Ashtamahadoshkara Bhava (eight obstacles) to be avoided and achieve desired outcomes, as well as to return the patient's body to a regular lifestyle and food. Acharyas clearly mentions about eight impediments which should be avoided after Samshodhana to prevent complications and get desired results of it. In Ayurveda classical texts Acharyas has explained the eight factors which are Apathya (to be avoided during any Panchakarma procedure). These eights factors are called as Ashtamahadoshkara Bhava and these should be avoided by patient to get best result in the Panchakarma therapy. If the above eights factors are not avoided, they cause certain complications.

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Ashtmahadoshkara Bhava, Panchakarma Therapy, Shodhana Therapy, Pathya

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Abstract Background: Climate change has led to a significant rise in global temperatures, resulting in more frequent and intense heatwaves. Pregnant individuals are particularly vulnerable to heat stress due to physiological changes that affect thermo regulation and cardiovascular function. Emerging evidence suggests that exposure to extreme heat may increase the risk of adverse maternal and fetal outcomes, including preterm birth, low birth weight, and hypertensive disorders. Despite growing concerns, there remains a need for observational studies to better understand these associations and inform public health strategies.. Objectives: To evaluate the association between exposure to climate-induced heat stress during pregnancy and adverse maternal and fetal outcomes, including preterm birth, low birth weight, and pregnancy-related complications. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 60 antenatal mothers in rural area ,Eluru district. HSSI questionnaire was given to participants Participants to assess maternal and fetal outcomes due to exposure to heat environment . The study employed a quantitative approach with convenient sampling.

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Keywords: climate, heat, outcomes.

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Artificial Intelligence (AI) has become a disruptive force in global finance by providing instruments that improve capital availability, efficiency, and decision-making. The advantages of AI-driven financial technology have not been shared equally, especially by marginalized communities that are still shut out of conventional financial systems, despite their explosive expansion. This study investigates how AI might serve as a conduit between financially marginalized groups and impact investors, who are looking for both financial and social benefits. AI can evaluate creditworthiness without the use of conventional collateral, find high-impact investment possibilities, and improve transparency across the investment lifecycle by utilizing machine learning models, predictive analytics, and natural language processing. While critically analyzing related risks such algorithmic bias, data privacy issues, and ethical governance, this article seeks to assess AI's potential to promote equitable financial inclusion. In the end, it offers a conceptual framework for the ethical application of AI that harmonizes financial sustainability with social impact goals, promoting a more open and transparent investment environment.

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financial inclusion, impact investing, AI, social finance, financial literacy

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Agatha Christie's Hercule Poirot novels can seem simple mysteries; however, they also portray early 20th-century societal expectations of male and female behavior. This paper analyzes the portrayal of women in some of the most popular of Poirot's cases, such as The Murder of Roger Ackroyd, Murder on the Orient Express, and Sad Cypress. From a feminist viewpoint, this analysis looks at how Christie portrays women--as victims, suspects, or capable women--within a system that has a tendency to limit their choices. While Poirot is depicted as a smart and logical detective, many of the stories involve women attempting to deal with societal norms placed upon them. This study shows that while Christie sometimes supports traditional roles for women, she also subverts such roles by creating female characters that are brave, smart, or morally complex. In this way, Christie's novels offer more than complicated plots; they also offer an analysis of the gender roles and societal expectations of her time.

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Poirot, women, society, detective.

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