Volume 13 | Issue 10

 Abstract

The concept of access and benefit sharing (ABS) concerning genetic resources and traditional knowledge has gained significant attention in legal and judicial spheres worldwide. This paper deals with the judicial approach towards ABS, exploring how courts and legal system address issues related to the access, utilization, and equitable sharing of benefits derived from genetic resources and traditional knowledge. It examines landmark judicial decisions as well as legal frameworks that shape ABS regulations while highlighting the evolving jurisprudence surrounding biodiversity conservation and indigenous rights within Indian subcontinent. Furthermore, the article discusses the challenges and complexities faced by courts in interpreting and implementing ABS provisions, including balancing commercial interests with environmental protection and safeguarding indigenous rights. Through analyzing the judicial approach to ABS, this paper aims to contribute to a deeper understanding of the legal landscape governing genetic resources and traditional knowledge, emphasizing the role of courts in promoting sustainable development, biodiversity conservation, and equitable sharing of benefits among stakeholders.

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Access and Benefit Sharing, Genetic Resources, Traditional Knowledge

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This article re-examines Kate Chopin's The Story of an Hour through the theoretical frameworks of ecofeminism, particularly Vandana Shiva and Maria Mies, alongside contemporary critics. While the story has frequently been interpreted as a feminist critique of marriage and patriarchal confinement, its ecological dimensions remain underexplored. This study foregrounds the overlooked role of nature as an active liberating force that enables Louise Mallard's fleeting moment of autonomy. Through a close reading of Chopin's imagery of springtime, open skies, and atmospheric vitality, the analysis demonstrates how natural symbolism disrupts patriarchal control and situates Louise's consciousness within a continuum of renewal and selfhood. By converging gendered oppression with ecological symbolism, the article highlights how Chopin encodes feminist agency within environmental metaphors. Building on recent ecofeminist scholarship that links nature to resilience and embodied freedom (Rahmatullah, 2025a; Rahmatullah, 2025b), this reading expands Chopin studies beyond domestic or psychological frameworks to emphasize her ecological imagination. The findings contribute to broader debates on how literary texts articulate ecological consciousness and feminist liberation, underscoring the need to integrate ecofeminist critique into canonical short story analysis.

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Keywords: Ecofeminism, Environment, Feminism, Kate Chopin, Nature & Liberation, The Story of an Hour, Vandana Shiva

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Nobel Prize 2025 o scientific breakthroughs o quantum mechanics o metal-organic frameworks o immune tolerance o peace & democracy o innovation economics o laureate trends o global priorities

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The Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) connects hospitals, clinicians, and patients through wearables, bedside instruments, and clinical apps linked to cloud and edge services. This connectivity reduces response times and allows for contin uous care. However, it also puts highly sensitive data at risk of interception and tampering. Over the past few years, security designs for medical devices have evolved through several phases. Initially, there were heavy public-key systems that provided strong protection but put a strain on small devices. Next came hybrid methods that combined encryption with steganography to hide signals in plain sight. Recently, integrated approaches have emerged that link dynamic key generation with covert embedding to keep secrets fresh and hard to detect. This paper outlines that progression, explains why each step was necessary, and compares the technical trade-offs while focusing on embedded limitations. We conclude with a prac tical workflow that integrates session keys and medical image steganography. We also highlight research directions in post quantum readiness, AI-assisted monitoring, and energy-aware design.

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Internet of Medical Things (IoMT), embedded healthcare, steganography, dynamic key generation, lightweight cryptography, privacy, secure telemetry

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The rapid integration of digital information technology has revolutionized the role of medical libraries from transforming them repositories for print-based collections to active portals for accessing the ever-expanding world of electronic information. This paper examines the use, purpose, frequency, satisfaction level and barriers to digital open access electronic resources in a medical institute library. A Survey method was employed to collect user data focusing on information use and perceptions of library services. It was found that e-books and e-journals were the most frequently used resources, underscoring growing dependence on digital platforms for academic learning and research. Users reported daily visits related to learning, updating subject knowledge, assignment preparation and career development. Satisfaction with library services was notably high, with the majority indicating that the library met their academic and professional needs. However, challenges such as slow internet service, lack of training in using electronic resources, limited availability of full-text journals, and outdated infrastructure, were identified as impediments to optimal resources use. Overall, the study concludes that although medical libraries remain indispensable for knowledge transfer and information-seeking, strategic interventions in infrastructure, user education, and resource availability are crucial in enhancing their performance in the medical education and scholarly communication.

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Open Electronic Information Resources, Digital Resources & Services, User Awareness, Satisfaction Level, Information Access Barriers.

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Humor has historically served as a powerful antidote to tyranny, creating spaces for critique and resistance. In the digital era, internet memes have become a potent form of political satire, especially in India, where political memes are increasingly influential as tools for engagement. These memes enable individuals, particularly youth, to engage in political discourse in a light-hearted yet impactful way. This research investigates the power of political memes in India to influence public opinion, shape youth beliefs about political entities and policies, and foster, if not sometimes polarize public discourse. Additionally, it explores the dynamics of political memes in online communities, where they appeal to young, tech-savvy individuals who are both consumers and creators of such content. The findings illuminate how memes can reinforce biases while also providing an alternative to mainstream media narratives, ultimately reshaping the public's political engagement.

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Memes, political memes, youth, political participation, social media, online communities, digital technology.

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The Industrial Revolution, which began in Britain in the late eighteenth century, marked a turning point in human history and set the foundation for the modern world. This essay explores the multifaceted impacts of industrialization on economic growth, technological innovation, social transformation, and environmental change. It examines how industrial development revolutionized production processes, created new labor systems, and reshaped the global economy. The Industrial Revolution not only led to rapid urbanization and the rise of capitalism but also produced profound cultural and political consequences, including the expansion of education, the growth of labor movements, and the evolution of modern democratic institutions. While industrialization brought unprecedented prosperity and technological advancement, it also deepened class inequality, led to harsh working conditions, and introduced new environmental challenges. This paper argues that the Industrial Revolution's influence extends beyond the nineteenth century, as its legacy continues to shape global trade, digital technology, and industrial capitalism in the twenty-first century. By analyzing both the positive and negative outcomes of industrialization, this essay highlights how the Industrial Revolution remains a pivotal force in shaping modern society, offering crucial lessons for sustainable development and equitable economic progress.

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Industrial Revolution ,Modernization ,Capitalism Urbanization, Labor systems,Technological Innovation, Social Change,Economic Development , Environmental Impact.

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Abstract: The major power quality issue is voltage sag & swell that can cause mal- operation of sensitive electronic equipment. The power system is a complex network of generation, transmission, and distribution entities. With the increasing integration of alternating energy sources like wind-solar power, grid stability and power quality have become significant concerns. This research work suggest a technique like voltage sag control through desired power devices known as Dynamic Voltage Restorer (DVR) and STATCOM. A modified control system with compact switching devices and improved compensating capability is presented. The proposed technique utilizes voltage injection and pulse width modulation (PWM) signal control to mitigate sag/swell disturbances. The designed system results reflect the effectiveness of the desired mitigation methods or technique under various conditions. This project focuses on modeling and analyzing a DVR with a PWM-based controller using simulink, Highlight the most efficient control techniques for improving the power quality.

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DVR, Voltage Sag, PWM, Voltage Swell, Sag Mitigation, Swell Mitigation, Switched Auto Transformer

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Portable Airbag Mechanism is a compact and intelligent safety innovation designed to minimize fatal injuries in two-wheeler accidents by deploying protective airbags during collision or skidding events. Two-wheelers contribute to a significant percentage of global road fatalities due to minimal external protection and high exposure to impact forces. The proposed system integrates multiple sensors to monitor parameters such as vehicle speed, inclination, acceleration, and impact intensity. Upon detecting abnormal motion or a collision scenario, the data is transmitted through a Bluetooth communication module to activate the airbag inflation unit attached to the rider's helmet. This rapid inflation protects vital areas including the head, neck, and chest, effectively reducing the severity of injuries. The system is designed to address critical accident types such as frontal impact, rear-end collision, and skidding during sudden braking or cornering. By implementing this efficient, low-cost, and portable mechanism, two-wheeler safety can be significantly enhanced, thereby reducing accident-related fatalities.

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Portable Airbag Mechanism, Two-Wheeler Safety, Collision Detection, Bluetooth Communication, Rider Protection, Accident Mitigation System.

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In the context of renewable energy generation, efficient extraction of power from wind resources is of paramount importance. Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) techniques play a crucial role in optimising the output of Wind Energy Conversion Systems (WECS), especially under fluctuating wind conditions. This study presents a comparative evaluation of two MPPT strategies--Perturb and Observe (P&O) and the Genetic Algorithm (GA)--implemented in a wind energy system equipped with a Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator (PMSG). The PMSG has been chosen due to its high efficiency, robustness, and suitability for direct-drive configurations, eliminating the need for gearboxes. The complete system is modelled and simulated using MATLAB/Simulink, considering a range of dynamic wind speed conditions. The performance of both MPPT techniques is analysed based on their ability to track the maximum power point efficiently. The simulation results indicate that while the conventional P&O method achieves a maximum output of 1049 kW and performs well under steady conditions, it exhibits limitations in terms of response time and output oscillations during wind fluctuations. In contrast, the GA-based MPPT algorithm showcases significantly improved performance, achieving a higher power output of 2785 kW, along with faster convergence and smoother power tracking. The study highlights the potential of advanced, intelligent optimisation methods like Genetic Algorithms in enhancing the reliability and effectiveness of modern wind energy systems, particularly in real-world operating scenarios marked by dynamic environmental changes.

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Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT), Wind Energy Conversion System (WECS), Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator (PMSG), Genetic Algorithm (GA), Perturb and Observe (P&O).

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Chronic calcific pancreatitis (CCP) is a progressive inflammatory disorder of the pancreas characterized by fibrosis, atrophy, and calcifications, leading to both exocrine and endocrine dysfunction. Patients commonly present with chronic abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, weight loss, steatorrhea, and secondary diabetes (type 3c diabetes mellitus) due to pancreatic endocrine insufficiency. Diagnosis relies on clinical evaluation, laboratory tests, and imaging, including ultrasound, CECT, MRI/MRCP, and endoscopic ultrasound. Management is multidisciplinary, involving pain control, pancreatic enzyme replacement, insulin therapy, nutritional support, and, in selected cases, endoscopic or surgical interventions such as lateral pancreatic jejunostomy. Appropriate treatment improves pain, pancreatic drainage, glycaemic control, and nutritional status, although CCP remains a chronic condition requiring long-term follow-up.

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Chronic Calcific Pancreatitis, Type 3c Diabetes Mellitus, Endocrine Dysfunction, Lateral Pancreatic jejunostomy

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Tripuri folklore, transmitted orally across generations, is a repository of moral lessons, cultural norms and social values. The White Elephant is one of the most emblematic Tripuri tales, exploring themes of transformation, kinship and justice. Transformation manifests in reincarnation, moral growth and the resolution of social dilemmas; kinship highlights human-animal relationships, social obligations and bonds of friendship; justice emerges through the triumph of truth, courage and ethical behaviour. Using a qualitative methodology, including oral narratives, field observations and secondary literature, this study examines how the story functions as a moral, social and cultural guide, illustrating the enduring relevance of folklore in shaping community ethics, identity and collective consciousness. The analysis also explores environmental symbolism, gender dynamics and supernatural motifs, positioning the tale within broader Southeast Asian and Indian folkloric traditions.

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Tripuri Folklore, White Elephant, Oral Tradition, Gender Roles, Cosmology.

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The Hindu Family Law, codified through statutes such as the Hindu Marriage Act, Hindu Succession Act, Hindu Adoption and Maintenance Act, and Hindu Minority and Guardianship Act, represents a critical attempt to harmonize traditional Hindu legal principles with the demands of a modern constitutional democracy. While these laws have introduced progressive reforms in marriage, divorce, adoption, guardianship, inheritance, and maintenance, the concept of "family" itself is undergoing transformation. The emergence of nuclear house holds, live-in relationships, single-parent families, cross-border marriages, and growing demands for recognition of same-sex unions challenge the heteronorma tive, patriarchal structures embedded in the law. Furthermore, technological ad vancements such as DNA testing, digital evidence in matrimonial disputes, and surrogacy or assisted reproductive technologies pose fresh questions about parenthood, legitimacy, and custody. Despite landmark reforms like the 2005 amendment to the Hindu Succession Act, which granted daughters equal copar cenary rights, persistent issues of gender injustice, elder neglect, and legal inac cessibility remain. This article critically examines the evolving dynamics of Hindu family law in the context of new age families, identifying key challenges and suggesting pathways for reform to ensure equality, justice, and adaptability in a rapidly changing social landscape.

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Hindu Family Law; New Age Family; Marriage and Divorce; Gen der Justice; Inheritance and Succession; Adoption and Guardianship; Legal Re forms; Contemporary Challenges.

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Ayurveda is science of life. It is the oldest surviving medical system in world with long record of clinical experience. The main goal of Ayurveda is to provide healthy life in individuals through preventive and curative measures. Shalakya Tantra is one among eight branches of Ayurveda [1] which deals with the diseases occurring in Urdhwa Jatrugata Bhaga[2]. Eye is the highly specialised sense organ serving the most vital function of sight to living creatures. Acharya Vagbhata highlighted that for a man without eyes this globe is vain due to the fact that the day and night are same for them even if other sense organs are in healthy conditions [3]. Sirotpata is a disease explained in Sarvagata Rogas by Acharya Sushruta [4 ] . Sirotpata is characterised by Raktaraji (vascular congestion), Ushyate (Burning Sensation in eyes) and Vedana (Ocular pain), but devoid of swelling, lacrimation and exudates (ashophashrupadeham)[5]. The excessive vitiation of Rakta Dosha is the cause of Sirotpata[6]. It is Sadhya Vyadhi.[7] In Ayurvedic texts, the treatment of Sirotpata is described similar to that of Pittaj and Raktaj Abhishyanda, involving therapies like Siravyadh, Pralepa, Aschyotana, Anjana, and Nasya.[8][9]Among these, Aschyotana is considered the most effective Kriyakalpa for all Netra Vikaras, as stated by Acharya Vagbhata.[10]It helps relieve eye symptoms like pain, itching, redness, watering, and burning sensation. Acharya Vagbhata mentioned Kashmaryadi Siddha Jala Aschyotana in Sirotpata.

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Kashmaryadi Siddha Jala Aschyotana, Sirotpata.

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Climate Change, Climate Migrants, Vulnerability, Free Agreement Movements

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Udavartini Yonivyapada, as described in Ayurvedic classics, is a condition caused by the upward movement of Apana Vata, leading to painful menstruation--closely correlated with Primary Dysmenorrhea in modern medicine. It is a common gynecological complaint among adolescent and young adult females, often leading to discomfort, absenteeism, and reduced quality of life. Conventional treatments provide symptomatic relief but may have side effects or limited efficacy. Hence, there is a need for a safe, effective Ayurvedic intervention that addresses the root cause.

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Udavartini Yonivyapada, Primary Dysmenorrhea, Dashamula Trivrutta Snehapana, Sneha Kalpana, Vata Vyadhi, Ayurveda.

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This paper focuses on the study of racial discrimination against native Africans. Abdulrazak Gurnah is a Tanzanian writer. As an African refugee, his ideas are influenced by the issues of racial discrimination, identity crisis, memory, and displacement. This paper provides an overview of the characters in Abdulrazak Gurnah's novels. The characters in the novels face colour discrimination, longing for their homeland, feelings of guilt, and reminiscence, and the paper explores how they try to overcome these challenges. The colour discrimination presents various perspectives among Black people and also addresses their materialistic lives. The issue of racism is a painful experience that is at the root of inequality in British society. Though he is an African-born British writer, he always tries to express his concerns through his writing. Social development is not achieved by a single person; it comes from society as a whole.

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racial discrimination, refugee, identity memory, African

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A Study of the Attitude of Rural Undergraduate Students Towards Reservation

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A Study of the Attitude of Rural Undergraduate Students Towards Reservation

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This study brings forth LIVEST-AI, an AI-based mobile app developed to improve productivity and decision-making in livestock farming by utilizing five interconnected management modules AI Feed Formula Generation, Breeding Plan Generation, Animal Health & Treatment, Farm Layout & Housing Generation and Productivity & Profit Forecasting. The system was implemented following the Agile Scrum approach for the integration of constant feedback and user-oriented design. An assessment of the system's performance using the System Usability Scale (SUS)with eleven (11) of livestock farmers and veterinarians has been conducted, resulting in an overall SUS score of 76.42 (Good to Excellent Usability). Performance indicators further indicated the high effectiveness of the system, scores being Strategic score = 4.55 (Very Satisfactory), specifically on AI recommendation accuracy & decision support. Comparison test results indicate that LIVEST-AI is more efficient and consistent than conventional manual process, with high data reliability achieved. Findings indicate that minor issues related to internet connectivity and digital literacy aside, the application is very well accepted, functional and accurate, providing a promising technology-enabled pathway towards sustainable data-driven livestock management and increased farm resilience.

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LIVEST-AI, Livestock Management, Artificial Intelligence, System Usability Scale (SUS), Agile Scrum, Feed Formulation, Animal Health, Breeding Plan, Farm Layout, Profit Forecasting, Decision Support.

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Artificial intelligence (AI) progressively performs tasks formerly considered uniquely human, including complex reasoning, creative production, and adaptive learning. These advances challenge longstanding discrepancies between artificial systems and human minds, raising questions about consciousness, cognition, and personal identity. This paper discussed whether AI could possess a mind or consciousness and what implications follow for human identity. Drawing on philosophical theories of mind--dualism, materialism, functionalism, phenomenology--and contemporary debates about artificial consciousness, the present paper analysed conceptual and metaphysical limits to AI mentality. Complementing this, psychological research into human cognition, memory, embodiment, and creativity illustrates how human minds function in ways that resist simple computational analogy. Recent empirical studies (2023-2025) demonstrate that large language models exhibit behaviors analogous to human cognitive tendencies, while also revealing limits in self-coherence, embodiment, and experiential grounding. By comparing these findings, it may be argued that AI challenges but does not dissolve the concept of human uniqueness. Human identity, understood as embodied, historically continuous, and socially embedded, remains distinct even as AI reshapes how humans understand themselves. The paper concludes that identity must be reconstructed in the age of AI not through exclusion of machines, but through recognition of embodiment, vulnerability, and subjective consciousness as central to human selfhood.

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Artificial intelligence, Mind, Consciousness, Cognition

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