Volume 13 | Issue 10

 Abstract

Learning Management System (LMS) already plays a crucial role in redefining the future of today's student where they are technology savvy. Artificial Intelligence (AI) is another jargon which is taking the world at a good pace in almost all the fields in recent years. The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) tools into Learning Management Systems (LMS) is transforming the students of higher educational institute students by enhancing their quality, accessibility, and efficiency of learning. The benefits are such as individualized learning tracks, instant feedback, intelligent tutoring and predictive analytics. This study highlights the transformative impact of AI on LMS environments and highlights the strengths, barriers and ethical issues associated with its adoption in higher educational institute.

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Learning Management System, Artificial Intelligence, Educational technology

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A transdermal patch is a transdermal delivery method that can solve issues with oral medication administration and other traditional drug administration methods. Compared to oral administration, patches can offer controlled drug release and have benefits like avoiding first- pass metabolism, improving drug bioavailability, preventing gastrointestinal (GI) tract side effects, reducing patient variability, keeping a constant drug in plasma, and producing a stable therapeutic effect. The historical development, justification, and mechanism of drug absorption by transdermal patches--passive diffusion over the stratum corneum, epidermis, and dermis-- are covered in this article. Numerous patch kinds are investigated, such as drug-in-adhesive systems, reservoir, and matrix. Drugs with low molecular weight, lipophilicity, and high potency are ideal for TDDS, whereas patches need biocompatible polymers and strong adherence. Although transdermal systems provide benefits like regulated dosage and fewer adverse effects, they can have drawbacks including skin irritation and poor drug permeability. Clinically effective drugs include fentanyl patches, nitroglycerin, and nicotine. Nanotechnology-enabled patches, iontophoresis, and microneedles are potential future developments.

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Transdermal drug delivery, Transdermal patches, Controlled release, Skin permeability.

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Folktale and folklore are one of the most important elements among the Tripuri community of Tripura that brings old and new generation together through the narration of folktale. This article will mainly focus on Kokborok folktale of Tripura and know about the culture heritage and norms reading through the selected folktales of Tripura. Folktale is an oral tradition which serves as preserving culture and heritage. It displays the society and societal norms and practices, simple lifestyle of Tripuri people who goes to Jhum, houses like Gairing Nok (houses made of bamboo), their belief and connection with gods and deities, rituals and customs etc. There are different types of folktales and folklore one of each having moral lessons.

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Folktale, Culture and Heritage, Tripuri community, societal norms, cultural belief.

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"This paper contributes to the literature by proposing an AI-driven framework for real-time threat detection that combines machine learning and deep learning techniques. It systematically evaluates multiple AI algorithms, incorporates IoT network traffic analysis, and demonstrates improved detection accuracy, reduced false positives, and faster response times. This research bridges the gap between traditional rule-based systems and adaptive AI models, providing a practical solution for modern cybersecurity challenges."

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AI-driven framework

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Abstract: Section 515A of the Mumbai Municipal Corporation Act, 1888, introduced through the 2012 amendment, restricts the jurisdiction of civil courts in matters relating to demolition and removal of unauthorized constructions under Sections 351 and 354A. The purpose of this statutory bar is to prevent delays caused by civil suits and injunctions that obstruct municipal enforcement. While the amendment strengthens administrative efficiency, judicial interpretations particularly from the Bombay High Court have emphasized that such efficiency must coexist with procedural fairness. Courts have recognized the validity of the jurisdictional bar but have insisted on compliance with principles of natural justice, including the right to notice and a reasoned order. This paper explores the legislative rationale, judicial treatment, and procedural implications of Section 515A, examining how the provision attempts to balance municipal autonomy with individual rights in cases of demolition of unauthorized structures. The analysis highlights how the judiciary has balanced public interest with individual justice, making Section 515A a pivotal and evolving area of municipal law.

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Section 515A, MMC Act, Unauthorized Construction, Jurisdictional Bar, Designated Officer, Urban Governance

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no

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Carbon Quantum Dots (CQDs), a novel class of carbon-based nanomaterials with sizes below 10 nm, have emerged as promising candidates in nanoscience due to their exceptional photoluminescence, chemical stability, tunable surface functionalities, and biocompatibility. Traditional synthetic approaches for CQDs often involve harsh chemicals and energy-intensive processes, raising environmental and safety concerns. In contrast, green synthesis methods utilizing renewable biomass and eco-friendly precursors have gained significant attention for producing CQDs in a sustainable, cost-effective, and scalable manner. This study aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of green-synthesized CQDs, focusing on their synthesis strategies, structural and optical characterization, and their dual functional roles in photocatalytic and biomedical applications. The methodological approach encompasses the selection of natural carbon sources such as fruit peels, plant extracts, and agricultural residues, followed by synthesis through hydrothermal, microwave-assisted, and pyrolytic techniques. Advanced characterization tools, including TEM, FTIR, XRD, UV-Vis, and photoluminescence spectroscopy, are employed to evaluate morphological, structural, and optical properties. The photocatalytic performance of green CQDs is assessed through degradation of organic pollutants and water-splitting reactions, while biomedical evaluations involve cytotoxicity assays, fluorescence bioimaging, and drug delivery studies. Findings demonstrate that green-synthesized CQDs exhibit superior quantum yields, excellent biocompatibility, and enhanced photocatalytic activity compared to their chemically synthesized counterparts. The implications of this research extend beyond fundamental nanoscience, highlighting the potential of sustainable nanochemistry in addressing environmental remediation challenges and advancing biomedical innovations. This study underscores green-synthesized CQDs as a versatile and eco-friendly nanomaterial platform, bridging the gap between environmental sustainability and advanced nanotechnological applications.

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Carbon Quantum Dots (CQDs); Green Synthesis; Photocatalysis; Biomedical Applications; Sustainable Nanochemistry; Bioimaging; Drug Delivery; Nanomaterials

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Background: Obesity (Sthaulya) is a chronic, multifactorial lifestyle disorder associated with excessive accumulation of body fat and hyperlipidemia, leading to significant morbidity and mortality worldwide 1. The prevalence of obesity has risen dramatically in recent decades due to urbanization, sedentary lifestyle, dietary transitions, and genetic predisposition 2. Objective: To review the Ayurvedic and modern scientific perspectives on obesity, its pathogenesis, clinical features, complications, and integrative management strategies, including Shodhana, Shamana, Pathya-Vihara, and modern lifestyle intervention . Methods: Literature review was conducted using classical Ayurvedic texts (Charaka Samhita, Sushruta Samhita, Bhavaprakasha Nighantu) 3-5, WHO reports, NFHS-5 data 2, and contemporary research articles on obesity and hyperlipidemia 6-13. The review included etiological factors, pathogenesis, lakshanas (clinical features), and both Ayurvedic and modern management strategies. Results: Obesity is highly prevalent in urban populations and middle-aged adults, with women being more prone 2. Pathogenesis involves Kapha Dosha aggravation, Meda Dhatu accumulation, Vata obstruction, and modern correlates of adipocyte hypertrophy, lipid deposition, and impaired lipid metabolism 6,7. Ayurvedic therapies such as Vamana, Virechana, Lekhana Basti, Udwartana, combined with dietary control, exercise, yoga, and behavioral therapy, show significant efficacy in reducing weight and improving lipid profiles 8,14. Conclusion: Integrative management combining Ayurvedic therapies and modern interventions offers a holistic, sustainable approach to obesity and hyperlipidemia 6-9. Early detection, lifestyle modification, and patient education are essential for long-term health benefits and prevention of complications.

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Keywords: Sthaulya, Obesity, Hyperlipidemia, Meda Dhatu, Vrikshamla, Shodhana, Shamana, Charaka, Bhavaprakasha Nighantu, Ayurveda

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This research paper explores eco-feminism in Margaret Atwood's dystopian novels, Oryx and Crake and The Year of the Flood. It analyzes the intersection of gender oppression and environmental degradation, highlighting how Atwood critiques patriarchal structures and anthropocentric domination. The study demonstrates the relevance of eco-feminist perspectives in understanding contemporary environmental crises and social hierarchies. The comparative analysis provides insights into character constructions, narrative strategies, and thematic concerns that foreground women's agency and ecological ethics in dystopian contexts.

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Eco-Feminism, Dystopian Literature, Margaret Atwood, Gender Oppression, Patriarchy, Ecological ethics, Environmental Degradation

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Charak Puja is one of the most vibrant ritual festivals of Bengal, and in the Barak Valley of Assam, it carries deep cultural meaning for the community. Traditionally, the puja was accompanied by music and dance performed with instruments such as the dhak, dhol, flute, and conch, which gave rhythm, energy, and identity to the festival. In recent years, however, modern instruments like the harmonium, guitar, keyboard, and electronic drums have been increasingly used. This study examines the reasons for this change, its impact on performers, the response of viewers, and the effect on the traditional forms of music and dance. Based on a survey of 206 respondents, the findings show that younger people, especially in the age group of 21-30 years, strongly support modern instruments because they are easier to use, more familiar through films and media, and attract bigger audiences. The study also reveals that the role of traditional players has declined, while viewers express mixed but generally positive opinions, with many saying the performances feel livelier. At the same time, concerns remain about changes in songs, tunes, and dance styles. The study highlights that Charak Puja in Barak Valley is undergoing a process of adaptation, where the spirit of the festival continues, but its musical and dance traditions are being reshaped under the influence of modern instruments.

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Charak Puja, Barak Valley, Modern Instruments, Traditional Music, Performers and Viewers

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Global warming has emerged as one of the most significant environmental threats of the 21st century. It refers to the long-term increase in Earth's average surface temperature due to the excessive accumulation of greenhouse gases (GHGs) such as carbon dioxide (CO?), methane (CH?), and nitrous oxide (N?O). These gases trap heat in the atmosphere, causing the planet to warm unnaturally. Human activities--particularly industrialization, deforestation, burning of fossil fuels, and intensive agriculture--have drastically accelerated this warming process. As a result, the world is witnessing alarming consequences such as rising sea levels, melting glaciers, extreme weather events, loss of biodiversity, and disruption of ecosystems. This thesis explores the causes, consequences, and potential solutions to global warming. It investigates the roles of different sectors and countries in contributing to the problem and examines global efforts to combat climate change, including the Paris Agreement and other policy frameworks. Additionally, it presents sustainable strategies such as transitioning to renewable energy, enhancing energy efficiency, and promoting climate education. The paper emphasizes that the time for action is now. If global warming continues unchecked, the damage to our environment and future generations may become irreversible. Therefore, collective global action, awareness, and innovation are essential to mitigate its impacts and ensure a livable planet.

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Global warming, climate change, greenhouse gases, fossil fuels, carbon emissions, renewable energy, deforestation, sustainability, Paris Agreement, climate policy

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Abstract Effective communication is crucial in both personal and professional life. Grammar plays a vital role in Conveying messages clearly and confidently. The Present article explores the importance of grammar in communication. It also emphasizes the need of mastering grammar rules, to convey ideas effectively. Effective application of grammar rules is essential for achieving clear and impactful Communication.

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Keywords: Grammar, Communications kills. Effective communication

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This study aimed to develop and evaluate bilayer tablets containing Levofloxacin Hemihydrate and Ambroxol Hydrochloride for combined immediate and sustained therapeutic effects in respiratory infections. The immediate-release layer of Levofloxacin ensured rapid antimicrobial action, while the sustained-release layer of Ambroxol provided prolonged relief. Tablets were prepared using direct compression and wet granulation methods, with HPMC K100M and Carbopol 971P as release-controlling polymers. Among formulations, F11 exhibited optimal performance, releasing over 70% Levofloxacin within 1 hour and 95% Ambroxol in 12 hours, following zero-order, non-Fickian kinetics. Stability studies confirmed the formulation's integrity and consistent drug release, establishing an effective bilayer system for dual-action respiratory therapy.

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Levofloxacin, Ambroxol, Fixed-Dose Combinations

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The Sundarbans, the world's largest mangrove forest shared by India and Bangladesh, stands today as a living testimony to the destructive power of climate change and human negligence. This fragile ecosystem, located at the delta of the Ganga, Brahmaputra, and Meghna rivers, serves as a protective barrier for millions of coastal residents. However, increasing sea levels, soil salinity, cyclonic devastations, and biodiversity loss are pushing the Sundarbans towards an ecological and humanitarian disaster. This paper explores the multidimensional crisis of the Sundarbans -- environmental degradation, economic displacement, and socio-cultural transformation. Through an interdisciplinary approach combining environmental studies, social analysis, and policy review, this research examines how climate change threatens both the natural habitat and the survival of coastal communities. The findings reveal that sustainable adaptation strategies, community-based resilience, and transboundary climate governance are crucial for the survival of this vital ecosystem and its people

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Sundarbans, Climate Change, Coastal Communities, Sea-Level Rise, Mangrove Degradation, Cyclones, Climate Refugees, Environmental Sustainability, Adaptation, Resilience

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This study examined student's learning styles as nexus to academic achievement and career preference in Nigeria secondary schools. It renders helpful hand in identifying different learning styles among senior secondary school students and determines if the learning styles influence the student's academic achievement and the career preference, determining the connection between gender and career preference and as well examined the factors that drives student's choice of learning styles, academic achievement and career preference in the study area. The study adopted the use of quantitative design which is descriptive in nature such that involves the use of frequency and percentage. However, ANOVA and T-test correlation analysis were also used to determine the relationship and the degree of significance of the variables in the study. This study employed a random sampling technique in selecting the sample schools in the study area. As a result a total of five schools were selected from the population from which a sample size consisting of three hundred students were selected across the senior secondary classes. Questionnaires were constructed and administered to the selected respondents to elicit relevant information and the contents were based on learning style, academic achievement and career preference. The findings from the study revealed that majority of the student adopted mixed learning styles (ranging from verbal aura, logic solitary and kinaesthetic and their learning styles) and these determine academic achievements of the students regardless of the gender. The study also revealingly established that parents significantly influenced their children's career preference not minding their learning ability and interest.

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Learning, learning style; Career preference; education, Academic achievement

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The paper presents a critical analysis of Grace Ogot's "The Green Leaves," examining the internal struggles and external pressures faced by the Luo community under colonial rule. It explores the conflicts between tradition and modernity, greed and morality, and the gendered roles within society. This study analyzes key themes such as the conflicts between the old customs and the new imposed laws, societal transformation, and the role of women, while also highlighting the use of literary devices, including symbolism and irony. The paper examines how Ogot weaves the cultural traditions with the post-colonial experience, crafting a narrative that exposes universal human flaws and weaknesses, stressing the need to balance custom with justice.

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: Post-colonial, tradition and modernity, gendered role, old customs, societal change

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Critical Analysis, Cyber Security ecurity ty Law, Cameroon.

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Rajasthani Lok Sangeet Ke Sanrakshan Aur Sanvardhan Mein Langa, Manganiyar, Mirasi Tatha Jogi Jatiyon Ka Yogdan: Paschimi Rajasthan Ke Vishesh Sandarbh Mein

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Rajasthani Lok Sangeet Ke Sanrakshan Aur Sanvardhan Mein Langa, Manganiyar, Mirasi Tatha Jogi Jatiyon Ka Yogdan: Paschimi Rajasthan Ke Vishesh Sandarbh Mein

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A consumer's eco-conscious mindset is their way of thinking about and caring for the planet. An individual's environmental attitude consists of their certainty, feelings, and planned actions in regards to environmental protection and preservation. The paper aims to examine the impacts of demographic variables on consumer attitude of green products. Descriptive research was adapted for this study. The survey provides a snapshot of the current status in terms of customers' beliefs and intentions to buy green products, taking into account the effects of demographic factors. The Structured Questionnaire is used to collect primary data. In order to reduce the potential for bias, the questionnaire only included closed-ended items. Individuals were asked to fill out a questionnaire that included questions on their demographics, income, and attitudes and intentions about the purchase of green products. The sample of the study was found to be infinite which consists of purchasers of green products. The population frame of the buyers cannot be ascertained which made the study to adopt for non-random sampling technique. The judgement sampling technique was used for selecting the sample from the population. The sample size of the study was fixed to be 120 based on the pilot study that was conducted in the study area. The area of study was fixed to be Salem which is based on its growing demand for green products in the study area. The collected data were segregated based on the needs of the objectives and coded using the SPSS-20. The chi-square analysis and ANOVA was used for analyzing the data. The socio-economic variables are lacking impact on the consumer attitude towards the green products in the study area.

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Green Products, Consumer Attitude, Age, Income

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The detection of financial fraud is a growing concern in digital finance, with the development of new fraud techniques challenging conventional security systems. Conventional detection techniques, such as rule-based techniques, machine learning models, and so on, have limitations, including dynamic fraud patterns, imbalanced datasets, and high rates of false positives. In view of the above issues, this research offers an Optimized Multi-Class Financial Fraud Detection Framework that incorporates Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) and Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory (BiLSTM), whereas the Enhanced Golden Search Algorithm (EGSA) is utilized for hyperparameter adjustment and feature optimization. The integrated CNN-BiLSTM drilling method to extract the spatial-temporal features further improves fraud detection in high-dimensional transactions. The Hierarchical spatial dependencies captured by CNN and sequential learning proficiency through BiLSTM compensated to create better anomaly data detection. EGSA chooses the best features and hyperparameters on the fly, which makes classification more accurate and saves time on computation. This paper evaluate the proposed framework on large-scale financial datasets such as the IEEE-CIS Fraud Detection Dataset, the PaySim Mobile Financial Transactions Dataset, through experiments, CNN-BiLSTM-EGSA has been proven to yield better performance results compared with normal models like OCNN-RNN, Random Forest, XGBoost, SVM, LSTM, and ordinary CNN structures, reaching over 99.5% accuracy, Moreover, the low latency and high throughput of CNN-BiLSTM-EGSA are proven to be suitable for real-time deployment, which makes our proposed architecture an ideal candidate for real-time fraud prevention. A new framework is suggested to deal with the problem of changing fraud patterns. It does this by using sequential deep learning to handle temporal data contexts and hyperparameter optimization to get fast learning rates without sacrificing accuracy.

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: Financial Fraud Detection, CNN-BiLSTM, Enhanced Golden Search Algorithm (EGSA), Deep Learning, Hyperparameter Optimization, Multi-Class Classification, Anomaly Detection, Transaction Security, Fraudulent Activity Recognition, Real-Time Fraud Prevention.

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