Volume 12 | Issue 10

 Abstract

E-commerce or "electronic commerce" is the trading of goods and services online. An expanding number of tangible commodities, digital items, and services can be bought and sold electronically by individuals and companies thanks to the internet. Despite having an impressive growth rate, the Indian e-commerce sector has lagged behind that of many industrialized and developing nations, mostly as a result of a comparatively small number of internet users. The Indian E-exchange business has gone through a dramatic shift from merely being a showing platform to one-touch swapping. This study aims to discuss the opportunities and challenges associated with e-commerce. This analysis revealed that up until recently, the emphasis has been on the demand side of the E-Commerce region in order to generate interest.In addition to identifying numerous obstacles to future e-commerce growth and development, this study aims to investigate the evolution of e-commerce in India.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

E-Commerce, B2B, Opportunities and Challenges

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Emerging and developing quickly are cryptocurrencies, especially Bitcoin, and as a result, the world pays attention and worries about the negative effects of cryptocurrencies on the environment. Although these cryptocurrencies seek to put into place an efficient and centralized financial system, they have been found to cause pollution and mainly through processes such as PoW mining. This paper aims at assessing the environmental sustainability of the new generation of money to understand more about its carbon footprint and power consumption. Cryptocurrencies such as Bitcoin depend on computational muscle to solve those intricate puzzles and this process entails a lot of energy. Majority of this energy is generated from non-renewable sources, which worsens emission of green house gases globally. In this paper, an analysis of the power consumption of the most popular cryptocurrencies and their comparison with ordinary financial systems is presented. The implications include aspects of electrical power, carbon intensity, and spatial distribution of mining activities, with focuses on areas using coal and other fossil energy sources. Alongside estimating impacts of cryptocurrencies on the environment, this work also looks into new possibilities for sustainable solution. Some of the recommendations regarding Cryptocurrencies involve turning to PoS and other consensus mechanisms that allow for decreased energy consumption. Moreover, this paper also presents activities within the cryptosphere in relation to the utilization of renewable energy in mining and enhancement of energy usage in the process. The research shows that, though the environmental cost of cryptocurrencies is still high, constant development in consensus algorithms and the current use of renewables are prospects for change. In the final section, therefore, the author stresses the significance of combining the principles of environmental law and the concepts of adaptive control in optimizing a cryptocurrency's utilization of resources worldwide and of creating sustainable regulatory practices and elaborate cooperation between industries to eliminate the adverse environmental impacts of cryptocurrency mining.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

cryptocurrencies, carbon footprint, Bitcoin, Proof of Work, energy consumption, environmental sustainability, Proof of Stake, renewable energy

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

smart city, net zero, hydrogen economy, industry 4.0, green finance

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Data science, also identified as data-driven science, is an involving two or more academic, scientific, or artistic disciplines field about technical methods, processes, and systems to pull out information or insights from data in various forms, structured or unstructured, comparable to data mining. Data science is about trade with large excellence of data for the rationale of extracting meaningful and rational results/conclusions/patterns. It's a recently rising field that encompasses a number of actions, such as data mining and data analysis. It employs techniques ranging from mathematics, statistics, and information technology, computer programming, data engineering, pattern recognition and learning, visualization, and towering presentation computing. This paper gives a clear plan about the diverse data science technologies used in Big data Analytics. Data science is a "perception to unite statistics, data analysis and their connected methods" in order to "recognize and examine genuine phenomena" with data. It employs techniques and theories strained from many fields within the large areas of arithmetic, statistics, information science, and computer science, in particular from the sub domains of machine learning, classification, cluster analysis, data mining, databases, and visualization.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Data science, data, analytics, information, unstructured data, extraction, preservation, data visualization

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The rise of digital payment systems is driving a global shift towards cashless societies, presenting both opportunities and challenges for economies. This research explores the emerging innovations in payment systems, such as digital wallets, cryptocurrencies, and biometric payments, and their role in shaping a cashless future. It also identifies key challenges, including cybersecurity risks and digital inequality, which could hinder widespread adoption. Using secondary data from research papers, industry reports, government publications, and case studies, the study examines the potential for economic growth and financial inclusion enabled by cashless systems, while also assessing regulatory and infrastructural challenges. The findings highlight that while cashless systems offer significant benefits in terms of transaction efficiency, financial inclusion, and transparency, there is a need for comprehensive strategies to address security concerns and ensure equal access to digital payment platforms.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Cashless society, Digital payment systems, financial inclusion, Cybersecurity Digital wallets

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

This paper is to study the significance of digital currency in the modern Era. Digital money is any means of payment that exists in a purely electronic form.. It is accounted for and transferred using online systems. Digital money streamlines financial infrastructure, making it cheaper and faster to conduct monetary transactions. Bitcoin is often considered as first cryptocurrency. Digital Wallet is an application on an electronic device that stores payment transaction and allows to securely make purchases without carrying cash or cards. It was of great usage during COVID times. India is prepared to face such challenges in future making a cash free economy.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Digital Money, Digital wallet

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Digital currencies have become a hot topic among regulators, financial institutions, and economists in recent years, having previously been discussed only at the margins of the financial discourse. Debates over the potential of Cryptocurrencies like bitcoin and Ethereum, Stablecoins, and Central Bank Digital Currencies (CBDCS) to transform international financial systems have been triggered. Although conventional finance has operated within established structures, virtual currencies present new prospects, difficulties, and consequences. This article explores the complex role that digital currencies play in our financial system, examining both their short- and long-term effects and their transformative potential.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Digital Currencies, Cryptocurrencies, Blockchain, Bitcoin, Cybersecurity

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Digital Money, also known as electronic money or e-money, refers to any form of currency or value that exists in digital or electronic form. It represents a digital representation of traditional fiat currency, such as the US dollar or the euro, or a digital representation of an asset, like gold or a specific commodity. Digital Currency is typically stored and transacted electronically, using digital devices such as computers, smartphones, or other electronic devices. It allows for quick and convenient transactions, as well as seamless online payments. Similar to physical banknotes, the Digital Rupee will have unique identification and will be regulated by the RBI. The liability for the currency will rest with the central bank. Digital Currency aims to be accessible both online and offline. The RBI plans to launch two versions of the Digital Rupee: Digital Rupee for Wholesale (eINR-W) catering to financial institutions for interbank settlements and Digital Rupee for Retail (eINR-R) for consumer and business transactions. The implementation of the Digital Rupee is expected to eliminate the costs associated with the security printing of physical currency, which is currently borne by the general public, businesses, banks, and the RBI. The transition to a digital currency has the potential to enhance efficiency, transparency, and accessibility in financial transactions within the Indian economy.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

E-Money, Digital Currency, Bitcoin, cryptocurrency. .Central Bank Digital Currencies CBDC, Virtual currency.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Agriculture is the backbone of every country's economy and has the highest position in providing livelihood to people and ensuring and maintaining the sustainability of ecosystems, however, industrialization and its subsequent effects require modernization of the current agricultural system. In this regard, new information technologies and artificial intelligence provide the best ways to increase agricultural yield. The Internet of Things (IoT) is the use of information technology and wireless communicators and sensors mounted on various objects that have the ability to communicate in real time. The IoT field can control the environment for growing crops, predict the need for fertilizers in the soil, identify plant diseases, and help automate farm machinery to minimize labour-related issues. With this concept in mind, we present a detailed review on IoT in agricultural systems with special emphasis on smart agriculture and cloud computing, sensors and communication platforms, and deep and transfer learning in disease recognition. Prediction of soil temperature and moisture, meteorological events and the onset of pest attacks can solve crop loss problems by alerting the farming community before such unfortunate events begin and before an economic threshold level is reached.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Cloud computing; Crop monitoring, Crop sensors, Internet of things, Smart agriculture

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Artificial intelligence, which seems like a remote dream, has now encouraged from science literature movies to reality, gaining thrust in the last few years and leading to many developments in almost every field. All industries will be impacted by AI, and AI is no exception. The impact of intellectual property on the field of intellectual property will be twofold. On the one hand, intellectual property will prove ownership of patents and patent search tools, will be researched and searched in a timely manner, and provide a system for installation. inventions and provides innovators with methods for existing patents similar to their own ideas and many other things, but on the other hand, intellectual property can also come Voluntary, it also proves to be a threat to innovation and creativity, knowledge of rights in the mind. The emergence of Generative Artificial Intelligence (AI) has ushered in a new era of innovation and revolutionized the intellectual property rights (IPR) landscape. This research paper aims to explore the balance between supporting AI-generated creativity and protecting personal AI. Generative AI is capable of producing a wide range of original content, from writing to scientific research, posing a serious challenge to the notions of human intelligence and intellectual property holders as a creative person. This article provides an in-depth look at existing legal frameworks regulating intellectual property rights and examines their relevance in overcoming the challenges presented by artificial intelligence. - create content. It raises questions about the writing and history of the digital age by showing important circumstances in which works independently created by artificial intelligence may qualify for copyright. Additionally, this article explores the ethical and economic implications of AI in the field of intellectual property, considering its potential to create content freedom and the risk of making humans creative. Using a multidisciplinary approach and drawing on knowledge from legal science, technology, and ethics, this study presents a revised legal model innovation that incorporates the unique features of artificial intelligence while protecting the rights and motivations of human creation.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Artificial Intelligence, Intellectual Property Rights, Copyright Law, Patent Law, Machine Learning

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The amount of money needed to fund a day-to-day business operation is known as working capital. The objective of the study was to evaluate the working capital of select FMCG companies in india the duration of the study was 2019-2023. Six companies chosen for the study. The cash conversion cycle, payable days, inventory days, and receivable days are computed to evaluate the performance of the business. Descriptive statistics used for analysis. The study's findings demonstrated that HUL and Britannia were having negative working capital.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

WORKING CAPITAL ANALYSIS ON SELECT FMCG COMPANIES IN INDIA

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Role of ESG consideration in determining investment decision: An individual Investor perspective

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

India is the second highest population in the world. India's construction industry is large as well as visible and providing employment to 3.2 crore workers nationally. The present study analyses the changing pattern of socio economic condition of construction workers in Sivagangi District of Tamil Nadu. Also, the researcher attempted to found the socioeconomic condition, identified the problems of construction workers and working condition and health awareness of construction workers in the study area. This study was entirely based on primary data which were collected from 100 respondents. The samples were selected purposively. The researcher found that three aspect such as the socio economic condition, working condition and health problems of construction workers in the study area. The researcher find out 50 percent of the samples respondents were earned income of between one lakh to two lakhs and 34 percent of the construction workers were earned income of between two lakhs to three lakhs. Remaining 8 percent of the workers were earned below one lakh as well as above three lakhs in the study area.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

construction work, population growth, socio economic condition, employment, health status, awareness

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Mallakhamb, a traditional Indian sport that combines elements of gymnastics, yoga, and martial arts, has gained recognition for its unique ability to develop strength, flexibility, and neuromuscular coordination among athletes. Practiced on a vertical wooden pole or hanging rope, Mallakhamb demands intense physical control, balance, and endurance, making it an effective training method for holistic athletic development. Despite its ancient origins, Mallakhamb remains relevant in modern sports science due to its emphasis on functional strength and dynamic movement patterns. This study investigates the impact of Mallakhamb training on strength development in young athletes aged 15 to 25. A comparative analysis was conducted between a group of athletes trained in Mallakhamb and a control group following conventional fitness routines over a 12-week period. Key physical parameters such as hand grip strength, leg press power, flexibility, vertical jump height, and cardiovascular endurance were measured before and after the training cycle. The results revealed significantly higher improvements in the Mallakhamb group across all variables, with notable gains in upper body strength, core stability, and overall agility. The findings suggest that Mallakhamb offers a comprehensive approach to strength training, integrating bodyweight resistance, proprioceptive awareness, and mental focus. Its versatility makes it suitable not only for wrestlers and gymnasts but also for athletes across disciplines seeking enhanced performance. Moreover, the sport's cultural heritage adds value to its adoption in educational and professional training environments. By bridging traditional wisdom with contemporary athletic needs, Mallakhamb emerges as a powerful tool for developing strength and resilience. This paper advocates for its inclusion in physical education curricula and calls for further research to explore its long-term benefits and potential adaptations for broader athletic populations.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Mallakhamb Traditional Indian sport Functional fitness Bodyweight resistance Neuromuscular coordination Proprioceptive awareness Holistic training Grip strength Flexibility Core stability Cardiovascular endurance Explosive strength Agility Pole exercises Rope exercises Inverted poses Dynamic movements Balance techniques Sit-and-reach test Cooper test Comparative analysis Control group Athletic performance

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The excessive use of chemical inputs in conventional Indian agriculture has led to soil degradation, declining biodiversity, and adverse environmental consequences. In response, organic farming has emerged as a sustainable alternative, supported by initiatives such as the Paramparagat Krishi Vikas Yojana (PKVY). This study assesses the impact of organic farming practices on crop productivity and farmers' income in the Davangere district of Karnataka. Field demonstrations were conducted by Krishi Vigyan Kendra on selected crops--onion and arecanut in the Rameshwara cluster, and mango and tomato in the Santhebennur cluster--comparing traditional practices with integrated organic approaches. Results indicate that Organic + Farmers' Practice significantly improved yields, net returns, and benefit-cost (BC) ratios, particularly in arecanut and mango crops. Despite higher production costs, organic methods demonstrated enhanced profitability and long-term viability. The findings highlight the potential of organic farming, under PKVY, to contribute to sustainable agriculture and rural economic development in India.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Organic farming, PKVY, crop yield, farmers' income, sustainable agriculture, BC ratio, Davangere.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Swami Dayanand Saraswati can be called a great educationist, social reformer, cultural nationalist and pioneer as the creator of modern Indian society.The biggest contribution of Dayanand Saraswati was laying the foundation of Arya Samaj, which brought revolution in the field of education and religion.The way Dayanand Saraswati achieved the goal of overall renewal of the dilapidated Hindu society and initiated the future development by presenting a creative combination of nationalism and social reform,considering it a great achievement, the great historian Basham has called Dayanand Saraswati the Indian Luther and described him as a social reformer and a creative coordinator of nationalism.Swami Dayanand Saraswati, the founder of the great Arya Samaj, holds a unique history in the history of political thought in modern India.Dayanand Saraswati was the greatest apostle of the Aryan culture of India. He founded the Arya Samaj to propagate the Vedas. The rules and principles of the Arya Samaj are for the welfare of all living beings.The main objective of this society is to do good to the world, that is, to bring about physical, spiritual and social progress.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Swami Dayanand Saraswati, Educational Social Development, Arya Samaj, History of Arya Samaj, Social Reformer.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

In the internet shopping scenario, buyer behaviour is affected by a plethora of factors, including buyer trust, privacy concerns and perceived risk. Online retail (e-retail) is quite evidently growing at a fast pace, and the degree of online purchase is humongous. However due to complex market scenario intense competition and ever-changing consumer dynamics, sustainability is sceptical. Hence e-tailers are extremely focused on the loyalty aspect of buyers. Thus, it is pivotal for marketers to identify those factors that foster e-retail patronage behaviour amongst online buyers, specifically generation Z. Demographically more than 50% of India's population is below the age of 25. Therefore, the study is focused on individuals belonging to that age group. The objective of this research is to explore those factors of an e-retail stores that are pivotal in developing a sense of loyalty among Generation Z consumers. This study explores the patronage behaviour of Generation Z consumers by focusing on three key variables: e-store atmospherics, e-service quality, and e-merchandise, in relation to their patronage intentions. Data was gathered through a structured questionnaire. The findings identified additional significant factors influencing patronage behaviour. The outcome revealed that e-merchandise showed a negative association with e-patronage intentions, whereas both e-service quality and e-store atmospherics were found to have a positive impact on Generation Z's online patronage behaviour.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Generation Z, E-retailer, SOR, patronage behaviour, patronage intention, store attributes.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Nakadrahit Bhugtan Pranali : Shambhavnaye , Aarthik Vikas , Prodhyogikigat Chunoutiya

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Nakadrahit Bhugtan Pranali : Shambhavnaye , Aarthik Vikas , Prodhyogikigat Chunoutiya

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Mushrooms are diverse fungi that can be either edible or poisonous, posing a significant health risk if misidentified. This study explores the application of data mining techniques to classify mushrooms based on their characteristics, such as cap shape, color, odor, and more, to determine their edibility. The dataset used for this research includes 8124 mushroom instances, each described by 23 features, with 4208 labeled as edible and 3916 as poisonous. Two popular data mining algorithms, Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) and Logistic Regression, were employed to build predictive models. These models were evaluated using classification performance metrics including accuracy, precision, and recall. The results indicate that the ANN outperforms Logistic Regression, achieving an accuracy of 98.62%, demonstrating its effectiveness in distinguishing between edible and poisonous mushrooms. This paper highlights the potential of data mining techniques for improving classification accuracy and ensuring safe mushroom consumption.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

A Case Study on Mushroom Classification Using Data Mining Techniques: An Experimental Approach

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Conductometric titration curves of Erbium(III)-complexes with Nitrogen and Oxygen containing ligand Indole derivative [viz : 1H-indole -3-carboxylic acid (I3CA) , 1-( 1H-indole-3-yl) ethanone (3ATI), 1H-indole-3-carbaldehyde (I3CD), 2-(1H-indole-3-yl)ethanoic acid (2IEA), 4-(1H-indole-3-yl)butanoic acid (4IBA)] have been studied and analyzed in non-micellar solvent (Alcohol+water) and micellar surfactant medium [Polyethylene glycol monododecyl ether (BRIJ35), Cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), Sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS)] at 298 K temperature. The Association constant KA , Gibbs free energy of association ?GA , formation constant or stability constant Kf as logKf and Gibbs free energy of formation ?Gf have been calculated with the help of Conductometric titration curves of Erbium(III)-with Indole derivative (I3CA, 3ATI, I3CD 2IEA, 4IBA) at 298 K temperature in non-micellar medium and different micellar surfactant medium. Metal-ligand complexes in 1:1, 1:2, 1:3 [M:L] ratio is obtained as inflammation point in the plot of molar conductance ?m (S cm2 mol-1) and ligand/metal [L]t / [M]t ratio. Stability of 1:1, 1:2, 1:3 [M:L] metal ligand complexes have been evaluated in term of formation constant as logKf and thermodynamic parameter ?Gf. Stability of Erbium(III)-complexes shows somewhat different behaviour on increasing the ligand/metal [L]t / [M]t ratio and alteration of different micellar medium.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Conductometric titration, non-micellar and micellar medium, molar conductance, surfactant, thermodynamic parameter, stability constant.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition