Volume 13 | Issue 10

 Abstract

Air pollution caused by vehicular emissions is one of the major global challenges across the planet. In this study, we propose a low-cost and real-time vehicle emission testing system based on Internet of Things (IoT), using sensor networks and intelligent algorithms. The study uses sensors to continuously monitor specific exhaust parameters, including Carbon Monoxide (CO), Carbon Dioxide (CO?), Nitrogen (N). A microcontroller ESP32 receives data from the sensors and uploads the results to a cloud platform for visualization and compliance detection using trained models. The smart vehicle emission testing system can generate alerts, promote public health, and proactively support pollution control authorities in managing environmental sustainability

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IoT, Vehicle Emission, Air Pollution, ESP32, Sensor Network, Carbon Monoxide (CO), Carbon Dioxide (CO?), Nitrogen Emission, Real-Time Monitoring, Cloud Computing

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Vindhya Chetra Ki Riyasato Ke Sahak Varg Aur Praja Ka Swatantrata Aandholan Ke Prati Drushtikon

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Vindhya Chetra Ki Riyasato Ke Sahak Varg Aur Praja Ka Swatantrata Aandholan Ke Prati Drushtikon

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Background:Research on colour healing aims to heal illness by re-establishing the body's natural equilibrium of colour energy. It demonstrated how particular colours affect different body parts. Colour therapy does not involve any physical contact. In its most basic form, colour therapy is using different colours to alleviate pain and mental suffering. These amazing colour schemes greatly enhance both physical and emotional well-being.Materials and Methods: The study was conducted at the Sree Ramakrishna Medical College of Naturopathy and Yogic Sciences and Hospital in Kulasekharam, Tamil Nadu, India. There was only one case study showcased. After the purpose of the study was described, verbal consent was acquired. The study was conducted over 15 days. A sphygmomanometer and the routine documentation of symptom changes are among the characteristics of this investigation. Results: The JASP program version 0.95.3 was used to analyze the data. It is evident that chromotherapy treatments have resulted in a notable drop in blood pressure. The symptoms of diastolic blood pressure (SBP) (t 5.976, p-value < 0.001) and systolic blood pressure (DBP) (t 4.583, p-value < 0.001) were evidently lessened by the chromotherapy.Conclusion: Given the advantages of chromotherapy, it would be wise to incorporate it into standard treatment plans to effectively manage the symptoms of hypertension and lessen the negative consequences of drug use. In order to prevent and treat hypertension by lowering its root cause, chromotherapy employs a lifestyle that incorporates colour therapy techniques.

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Breathlessness, hypertension, elevated Blood pressure, chromotherapy, high BP, palpitation

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This research article examines the construction and representation of Indianness in Sri Aurobindo's play Vasavadutta, situating it within the context of early twentieth-century Indian cultural renaissance and anti-colonial nationalism. By analysing the play's thematic preoccupations, narrative structure, and stylistic choices, the study explores how Aurobindo revitalises ancient Indian dramatic traditions to assert a distinct cultural identity in the face of colonial hegemony. Drawing on theories from postcolonial studies and Indology, the article argues that Vasavadutta is a deliberate artistic intervention that negotiates tradition and modernity, individual and community, and spirituality and politics. Through textual analysis, the paper demonstrates how the play embodies and enacts Indianness--not as an exclusionary or static concept, but as a dynamic, inclusive, and self-reflexive cultural process. The findings suggest that Aurobindo's creative vision, as expressed in Vasavadutta, provides a powerful template for understanding the role of literature in shaping, contesting, and celebrating Indian identity during and beyond the colonial encounter.

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Vasavadutta, postcolonial studies, cultural identity, spirituality and politics

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The ability to draw and interpret diagrams is a crucial skill in biology, as diagrams help students visualize and understand complex scientific concepts. However, many students struggle with scientific illustration, which affects their academic performance and conceptual clarity. This action research study aimed to identify the specific difficulties faced by 8th standard students in drawing biology diagrams and to implement effective strategies to improve their skills. A pre-test and post-test experimental design was employed with a sample of nine students from Government High School, Metagalli, Mysuru. Initial findings revealed low proficiency due to lack of practice, poor conceptual understanding, insufficient guidance, limited visual-spatial skills and low motivation. Targeted interventions including orientation, structured practice sessions, rubric-based feedback and visual aids were implemented over multiple sessions. The post-test results indicated a remarkable improvement in students' diagram-drawing skills, with scores rising from a pre-test range of 0-12 to a post-test range of 15-20. Students showed improved neatness, labeling, proportion and confidence. The study concludes that structured practice, continuous feedback and visual support are effective in enhancing students' ability to draw scientific diagrams, thereby improving their overall understanding and performance in biology.

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Biology Diagrams; Drawing Skills; Visual Learning; Feedback; Practice; Scientific Illustration.

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This study investigates students' difficulties in translating mathematical knowledge into real-world applications. Despite learning mathematical operations in schools, many students struggle to determine the appropriate operation in everyday contexts, which affects their confidence and problem-solving skills. Grounded in the objectives of NEP 2020, this pedagogical inquiry adopted a quantitative experimental design involving four 9th-grade students from Shri Gokula School, Mysuru. Through a structured action plan comprising five interactive and context-based activities-Money Exchange Game, Solve and Pass, Daily Life Math Hunt, Reverse Word Creation, and Explain Your Steps-the study aimed to bridge the gap between procedural knowledge and conceptual understanding. Statistical analysis showed a notable improvement in post-test scores compared to pre-test scores, indicating enhanced operational decision-making, conceptual clarity, and confidence in solving real-life mathematical problems. The findings emphasize the importance of incorporating real-life applications and learner-centered strategies in mathematics instruction.

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Real-Life Application, Problem-Solving, Conceptual Understanding, Pedagogical Strategies, Experimental Study, Word Problems, Mathematical Operations

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Financial literacy is a critical life skill that enables individuals to make informed and responsible financial decisions. Many secondary school students lack understanding of basic financial concepts such as income, expenditure, saving, budgeting and investment, which can lead to poor money management habits in adulthood. This action research aimed to enhance financial literacy among 8th-grade students of Sri Siddeshwara School, Mysuru, through practical, hands-on activities. Activities included monthly family budgeting exercises, role-playing market scenarios, essay writing on savings and spending and skits on wise money management. Pre-test and post-test assessments indicated a notable improvement in students' knowledge, attitudes and behaviors toward money management, reflecting the effectiveness of experiential learning. The study demonstrates that activity-based approaches can foster responsible financial habits, promote saving and enhance decision-making skills, preparing students to become economically aware and self-reliant individuals. The research also highlights the importance of integrating financial literacy into the school curriculum and promoting active, real-life learning experiences.

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Financial Literacy, Money Management, Budgeting, Savings, Financial Awareness, Responsible Financial Behavior

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This study aims to enhance the understanding of the concepts of mass and weight among secondary school students. Although these are fundamental ideas in physics, many students continue to confuse them because the terms are often used interchangeably in everyday life. The research was conducted among Class IX students of Rotary West School, Mysuru, with the objective of identifying and correcting these misconceptions. A quantitative approach was adopted, using a one-group pre-test and post-test design. Six students were selected through purposive sampling. To make learning more meaningful and engaging, the researcher implemented several activities including concept comparison, a spring balance experiment, a unit identification game and situational analysis. An achievement test developed by the researcher was used to assess students' understanding before and after the intervention. The results showed a clear improvement, with average scores rising from 5.33 in the pre-test to 15.33 in the post-test, reflecting about a 50% increase in conceptual understanding. The findings indicate that activity-based and experiential learning approaches help students distinguish between mass and weight more effectively and connect these ideas to real-life contexts. The study concludes that incorporating practical, interactive and student-centered methods in science teaching can significantly reduce misconceptions and promote deeper, more meaningful learning. It also highlights the need for teachers to focus on developing conceptual clarity rather than relying solely on rote learning.

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Mass, Weight, Misconceptions, Activity-Based Learning, Experiential Learning.

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Physics derivations are a challenging aspect of the 9th-grade curriculum, requiring conceptual understanding, mathematical reasoning and step-by-step problem-solving skills. Many students struggle with derivations due to weak math skills, reliance on memorization and ineffective teaching methods, resulting in low confidence and poor academic performance. This action research employed a one-group pre-test and post-test experimental design with six 9th-grade students to identify difficulties and implement targeted interventions. Three activity-based strategies-"Pathway to Solving Physics Derivation," "Match the Following," and "From Formula to Solution" were implemented. Post-test results indicated significant improvement in students' problem-solving accuracy, logical reasoning, conceptual understanding and confidence. The study highlights the effectiveness of visual aids, activity-based learning and stepwise instruction in enhancing students' derivation skills in physics.

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Physics derivations, Mathematical Reasoning, Activity-Based Learning, Stepwise Problem-Solving, Visual Aids, Problem-Solving Skills, Confidence in Physics

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Hygiene is a vital component of adolescent health, influencing both immediate well-being and lifelong habits. This study aimed to assess and enhance awareness of hygienic practices among secondary school students of Sri Siddeshwara High School, Vijayanagar, Mysuru. Using a descriptive quantitative approach, 24 eighth-grade students were observed over five weeks through structured checklists. Interventions included orientation sessions, video-based awareness, cleanliness and drawing competitions, dramatization and distribution of hygiene kits. Post-intervention analysis showed notable improvements across personal, hand, clothing, food, environmental and health hygiene practices, with an average increase of 23-34%. Findings highlight the effectiveness of structured hygiene education in fostering positive behavioral change. The study underscores the need for collaborative efforts by educators, parents and policymakers to sustain hygiene awareness, ensuring healthier, disciplined and responsible adolescents.

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Hygiene awareness, Personal hygiene, Environmental hygiene, Health Education, Behavioral change, Hygiene interventions, Adolescent health, WASH practices

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Algebra is a fundamental branch of mathematics that enhances logical thinking, reasoning and problem-solving skills. Yet, many middle school students find it difficult to connect algebraic expressions and identities to real-life situations, making learning abstract and less engaging. To address this, an Action Research study was undertaken to bridge this gap through activity-based learning. The study involved 24 students of Class 8 from Kamadhenu Convent, Basavanagudi, Mysuru (Hebbal cluster, Mysuru North block). The tools used were a Pre-test, Post-test, observation checklist and student feedback form to assess understanding, participation and attitude before and after the intervention. The research had three phases: Pre-test, intervention through two real-life-based activities and Post-test. The Pre-test results showed 18 students scored above 10 out of 20, while 6 scored 10 or below. To support weaker learners and reinforce concepts for all, three activities-Algebra in Cooking, Match the Expressions and Algebra in Shopping were conducted. These activities encouraged students to observe, analyze and apply algebra in real contexts. The Post-test showed clear improvement among the 6 initially low scorers and further progress among the 18 others. Observation and feedback revealed higher engagement, confidence and motivation. Students stated that activities made algebra more practical, enjoyable and understandable. The findings confirm that activity-based learning effectively connects abstract algebra with real life, improving retention and application. It is suggested that teachers adopt real-life examples and interactive methods, while policymakers promote flexible, experiential curricula. The research concludes that such approaches make algebra more meaningful and engaging.

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Algebraic Expressions, Real-life learning, Activity-based learning, Identities, Student engagement, Experiential learning.

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The rapid advancement of Artificial Intelligence (AI) has transformed the teaching-learning process from traditional teacher-centered approaches to technology-integrated, learner-centered methods. This study explores the AI readiness and ethical attitudes of B.Ed. trainees, focusing on their awareness, confidence, and moral responsibility in integrating AI into educational practices. A descriptive survey design was employed, involving 51 randomly selected teacher trainees. Data were analyzed using statistical tools such as mean, frequency, and range. The findings revealed a moderate level of AI literacy (mean = 2.44), indicating limited conceptual understanding and technical competence. However, trainees exhibited strong AI readiness and highly positive ethical attitudes, reflecting enthusiasm toward adopting AI tools responsibly. Postgraduate and science-stream trainees demonstrated higher AI literacy and readiness compared to their graduate and arts counterparts, though ethical awareness remained high across all groups. The study emphasizes the importance of incorporating structured AI training, workshops, and practical exposure into teacher education curricula. It concludes that while B.Ed. trainees possess commendable ethical sensitivity and willingness to adopt AI, their limited technical proficiency necessitates targeted interventions to enhance AI literacy and techno-pedagogical competence. Strengthening experiential learning and ethical digital education is essential for preparing future educators to effectively and responsibly integrate AI in teaching and learning environments.

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Artificial Intelligence, AI Readiness, Ethical Attitudes, Teaching- Learning Process, Techno-Pedagogy

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The concept of percentage is fundamental in mathematics and essential for real-life applications, yet many Class 8 students struggle to understand and apply it effectively. This action research aimed to identify the difficulties faced by students in learning percentages and implement activity-based teaching strategies to enhance conceptual understanding. A sample of 13 students from Vasavi Vidyanikethana, Mysuru, who scored below average in a pre-test, participated in interventions such as "Know Your Scores," "Discount Shopping Simulation," "Real-Life Bill Analysis," and "Pie Chart Art." Pre- and post-tests revealed significant improvements, with students' scores increasing by 20% to 45%, indicating enhanced comprehension, practical application, and confidence. The study highlights the effectiveness of experiential, visual, and real-life-based strategies in fostering mathematical understanding, problem-solving skills, and positive attitudes toward learning percentages. These findings underscore the need for innovative, student-centered teaching approaches to strengthen conceptual clarity and promote lifelong mathematical skills.

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Percentage, Experiential Learning, Activity-Based Teaching, Real-Life Applications, Visual Learning, Problem-Solving Skills

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This action research study investigated the effectiveness of active learning strategies in enhancing the conceptual understanding of atoms and molecules among 8th standard students. The study addressed the persistent challenge of teaching these abstract concepts, which are often difficult for students to visualize and comprehend through traditional lecture methods. A one-group pre-test post-test design was employed with a sample of 20 students from Government High School, Hinkal, Mysuru. Active learning strategies--including group activities and role play, 3D molecular model construction, animated simulations, and concept mapping were implemented over a period of four weeks. Pre-test results revealed low conceptual clarity with a mean score of 6.72, indicating significant learning gaps. Post-intervention results demonstrated substantial improvement, with the mean score increasing to 14.4. Students displayed enhanced visualization of atomic structures, active participation, and improved retention of scientific concepts. The study concludes that active learning strategies are effective in addressing misconceptions, improving comprehension of abstract concepts, and fostering student engagement in science learning. These findings underscore the importance of integrating interactive, student-centered teaching methods into science classrooms to improve conceptual understanding and learning outcomes.

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Active Learning Strategies, Atoms and Molecules, Role Play, 3D Models, Animated Simulations, Concept Mapping, Student Engagement.

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The study explores the unique characteristics, learning preferences and engagement strategies suitable for Generation Z learners, born between 1997 and 2012. Raised in a digital-first environment, Gen Z values authenticity, inclusivity, purpose-driven engagement and flexible learning. Traditional teaching methods often fail to address their needs, creating gaps in conceptual understanding, motivation and skill development. This action research employed quantitative methodology and experimental design, incorporating teaching-learning materials, storytelling, collaborative learning, role play and digital tools to enhance cognitive, affective and psychomotor learning domains. Pre- and post-test analyses demonstrated significant improvements in conceptual clarity, retention, engagement, creativity and 21st Century skill development. The findings underscore the importance of integrating technology, interactive pedagogies, experiential learning and value-based education to foster holistic development and prepare Gen Z students for academic, emotional and social success. The study provides actionable recommendations for educators to adopt innovative, student-centered and digitally enhanced teaching strategies that resonate with the evolving mindset of Generation Z learners.

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Generation Z, Digital Natives, Experiential Learning, 21st Century Skills, Interactive Teaching, Conceptual Understanding, Value-Based Education

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This action research investigates the challenges faced by secondary school students in solving numerical problems related to Force and Laws of Motion in Physics. Despite understanding the theoretical concepts, many students struggle to apply them effectively due to issues such as memorization without comprehension, poor visualization skills, confusion with sign notations and weak connections between real-life situations and numerical problems. A sample of 12 students from Kannika Cauvery School, Mysuru, was selected. A pre-test was conducted to assess their existing problem-solving skills, followed by intervention strategies including role play and visualization and simulation techniques. After the intervention, a post-test was administered to measure improvement. Statistical analysis revealed that the mean score increased from 4.66 to 13, indicating a 41.12% improvement in performance. The findings highlight that interactive and visual learning strategies effectively bridge the gap between theory and application, enhance students' problem-solving skills and reduce anxiety associated with numerical problem solving. This study emphasizes the importance of innovative teaching methods in strengthening conceptual understanding and promoting active engagement in Physics classrooms.

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Numerical problem solving, Force and Laws of Motion, Visualization, Conceptual Understanding, Teaching Strategies, Problem-Solving Skills.

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Artificial intelligence AI has emerged as a transforming force reshaping contemporary organisation life and redefining the contours of human resource management HRM. The convergence of digital intelligence and human capital functions present both and unprecedented opportunity for strategic value creation and a profound ethical dilemma regarding concepts like fairness transparency and autonomy. This paper takes a comprehensive review of the extent literature on artificial intelligence integration into HRM processes which emphasizes its dualistic nature as both and enabler of efficiency and potential disruptor of ethical equilibrium. And curd in socio technical and ethical decision-making theories, the paper landscape of AI in HRM, identify major thematic domains.

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: Artificial Intelligence, Human Resource Management, Algorithmic Bias, Ethical Governance, Responsible HR Analytics, Employee Trust.

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Abstract This study explores the dynamics of grassroots mobilization and popular resistance in Eastern Uttar Pradesh during the Revolution of 1857, emphasizing the active participation of peasants, artisans, and marginalized groups. Moving beyond elite-cantered narratives, it highlights how local grievances, stemming from oppressive land policies, economic exploitation, and cultural disruptions fuelled widespread rebellion against colonial authority. The research examines the formation of local networks, the role of village leaders, and the convergence of social and religious sentiments that sustained the revolutionary spirit. It argues that the movement in Eastern Uttar Pradesh was not merely a military uprising but a collective expression of socio-economic and political discontent rooted in local realities. By analysing archival records, folk traditions, and regional accounts, this paper situates the revolution as a people's struggle that redefined notions of resistance and challenged the colonial order at its grassroots level.

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Keywords: Grassroots mobilization, Popular resistance, Eastern Uttar Pradesh, Revolution of 1857, Peasants and artisans, colonial oppression, Local leadership

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 Abstract

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Afghanistan is composed of diverse ethnic groups, religions, and languages, which makes its identity very complex. Afghanistan, being the site of major political tension and prolonged conflict, people often feel separated from their tradition and modern life, especially when they live in other countries as refugees or migrants. Khaled Hosseini's The Kite Runner is often interpreted through the lens of trauma, guilt, and migration. This paper instead considers the novel as a repository of Afghan environmental memory and eco-cultural identity. It argues that the author stages everyday practices like kite- fighting, oral storytelling, hospitality codes, foodways, and neighborhood sociability as identity-making rituals ecologically embedded that persist even during war and exile. This study employs qualitative textual analysis to explore how the characters' engagement with indigenous practices shapes their identity. It reveals how afghan cultural memories can serve as sources of renewal rather than symbols of loss, extending Hosseini's work beyond trauma toward a culturally ecocritical reading of Afghan resilience and belonging.

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Khaled Hosseini, The Kite Runner, Ecocriticism, Lawrence Buell, Cultural Memory, Environmental Imagination, Identity, Redemption, Afghan Landscape.

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