Volume 13 | Issue 1

 Abstract

Nigella sativa, a flowering plant indigenous to the Southwest Asian region, is commonly called black seed or black cumin. The seeds of this botanical species have been utilized extensively throughout history in traditional medicinal applications and culinary practices. This study aims to understand the major phytochemical constituents in the Nigella sativa mother tincture. The qualitative analysis was done with the homoeopathic mother tincture of Nigella sativa. Employing various analytical techniques, a spectrum of bioactive compounds was identified with the homoeopathic medicine Nigella sativa. This study presents evidence of phytochemical components such as alkaloids, tannins, steroids, and quinones. The elucidation of the medicinal compounds in the homoeopathic mother tincture of Nigella Sativa aids in a better understanding of its therapeutic properties, paving further research and development in harnessing the plant's potential for pharmaceutical application.A cross-sectional study was conducted among 100 students in different colleges in India, by administering a questionnaire consisting of premenstrual symptoms and psychosocial stress Assessment scale. Psychosocial stress was assessed using Perceived Stress Scale (PSS10). This study found a strong link between stress levels and menstrual cycle abnormalities in adult female students who experienced premenstrual symptoms such anxiety, mood swings, irritability, headaches, and dysmenorrhea. This suggests that measures to lessen stress can enhance the menstrual health of adult females, lowering future health risks and enhancing quality of life.

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Nigella Sativa, Phytochemical Analysis, Bioactive Compounds, Quinones

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Upper respiratory tract infections (URTIs) are common and contagious, often leading to emotional and behavioral disturbances. In the Global Burden Of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019 stated that 17.2 billion cases worldwide were reported to have upper respiratory tract infections. This study evaluates the effectiveness of homoeopathic interventions targeting emotional and behavioral symptoms in acute URTIs. A sample of 50 cases aged 18 and above, primarily females (66%), was assessed using a structured case format and the POMS questionnaire. Emotional states such as anger, confusion, depression, fatigue, and tension were linked to specific symptom intensifications, like anger with sneezing and coughing, and fatigue with nasal obstruction. Overall, the study significant the impact of acute upper respiratory tract infections on mental well-being.

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Behavioral effects, Emotional states, Upper respiratory tract infection.

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This research explores the significance of Kent's Twelve Observations in guiding homeopathic practice, particularly at the second prescription. The study assesses how Kent's observations can help homeopaths evaluate patient progress and make informed decisions on future prescriptions. The aim is to determine whether these observations effectively indicate prognosis, correlate with prescribed medicines, and align with clinical diagnoses. A sample of 60 cases was taken from the OPD and IPD of Sarada Krishna Homeopathic Medical College, using a pre-structured case format. After detailed case-taking and repertorization with the Synthesis repertory, the first prescription was given in a single dose of 30c potency. Follow-ups were conducted to monitor changes based on Kent's observations, which were recorded post-treatment. The results showed diverse responses: 32 cases showed no aggravation and full recovery, 17 cases had full-time symptom amelioration without relief. The study concluded that Kent's observations were useful in certain cases but not universally applicable. For chronic diseases, where remedies were changed based on symptoms, Kent's observations were not always helpful in predicting prognosis. In constitutional and pathological prescriptions, these observations did not significantly influence the outcome, indicating their limited role in some cases.

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Kent's Twelve Observations, Prognosis of the case, Synthesis repertory, Repertorization, Second prescription

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Thirty cases selected from OPD, IPD and Peripheral health centre of Sarada Krishna Homoeopathic Medical College and Hospital by purposive sampling technique. Duration of the study 1 year. Detailed case taking was done in the pre-structured case format which was followed by case processing and repertorisation. The cases were assessed using Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) pain scale. The assessment was done during the first visit and were also assessed after medicinal intervention for evaluation. The cases were analyzed in the subsequent follow-ups and in cases where there was no significant improvement, there were worked out in 7th chapter, relationship of remedies of BTPB for further prescription. The study results show that female population is more affected, subjects in the age group of 50-59 years are predominantly seen. Among the 30 cases, 60% (n=18) cases had moderate improvement, 33.33% (n=10) cases had mild improvement, 3.33%(n=1) case each, had no improvement and marked improvement respectively, after second prescription using 7th chapter of the Boenninghausen's Therapeutic Pocket Book when compared to the first prescription. The cases were administered with remedies after repertorising in 7th chapter of the Boenninghausen's Therapeutic Pocket Book and in reference to materia medica for arriving at a remedy. It was also evident based on the WOMAC scoring before and after medicinal intervention, in all 30 cases significant improvement was seen.

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Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index, Relationship of remedies, Boenninghausen's Therapeutic Pocket Book, Osteoarthritis of Knee

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To validate the "Ailments from" rubric as an eliminating rubric in mind chapter of synthesis repertory 9.1 using Type II Diabetes Mellitus cases. To study the remedies under the "Ailments from" rubric in the mind chapter of synthesis repertory 9.1 using Type II Diabetes Mellitus cases. To determine the effectiveness of Homoeopathic treatment in reducing the Fasting Blood sugar level in patients with Type II Diabetes Mellitus using "Ailments from" as an eliminating rubric. To compare the clinical symptoms using Diabetic clinical score before and after the homeopathic treatment . Diabetes is a rising worry worldwide due to factors such as aging, urbanization, unhealthy eating habits, obesity, and lack of physical activity. According to the World Health Organization, the number of people with diabetes globally surpasses 180 million, and this figure might double by 2030. It's a severe and long-term condition with no cure. While conventional medicine offers options like oral medication and insulin, some of these treatments can have harmful side effects. In individuals with type 2 diabetes, intensive blood-glucose management with sulphonylureas or insulin significantly lowers the incidence of microvascular problems but not macrovascular disease. In order to reduce the incidence of the disease new method of treatment is to be established. Homoeopathic treatment may be next possible mode of treatment to control the blood sugar level. This study was conducted in order to find the homoeopathic medicine by using "REPERTORIUM HOMOEOPATHICUM SYNTHETICUM 9.1" as a tool.

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Diabetic Clinical Score, FBS, Homoeopathy, Ailments from rubric , Synthesis repertory , Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

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In homeopathy, understanding remedy relationships is pivotal for effective second prescriptions, particularly with widely used remedies like Calcarea carbonicum. This study investigates the remedy relationship of Calcarea carbonicum by analyzing 60 cases treated at the Sarada Krishna Homeopathic Medical College. Observations focus on remedies administered following Calcarea carbonicum, their duration of action, and subsequent therapeutic changes. The findings reveal the most common complementary and sequential remedies, contributing to enhanced clinical decision-making and patient outcomes. These insights enrich the knowledge base surrounding remedy relationships and sequential prescribing in homeopathy.

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Calcarea carbonicum, remedy relationship, sequential prescribing, homeopathy, second prescription

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Aspergillosis is an fungal infection which manifest both acute and chronic phase. In acute phase it affect about 1-4 million and in chronic 3 million people around world. Aspergillosis is caused by Aspergillusnige rmainly on immune-compromised persons.Homoeopathy is one of the cost effective system of medicine used world widely. Even though there is plenty of clinical studies, Homoeopathic system is lacking in pre-clinical studies. Here the anti-fungal activityofAspergillus niger was studied in-vitro by using Allium cepa, Carbo vegetalis and Phosphorus 200 potencies in SDA medium and the zone of inhibition produced by these three dugs was studied in-vitro. The medicine Carbo vegetalis 200 showed more Antifungal activity with a zone of inhibition of 7mm ,Phosphorus 4mm and Allium cepa 2mm. The control Sacchrum lactis shows only 1mm inhibition. It shows that homoeopathic medicines posses a fungicidal activity and hence it can be effectively used in fungal infections.

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Antifungal activity, Aspergillus niger,Carbo vegetalis, Phosphorus, Alliumcepa, Zoneof Inhibition

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Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is the third fastest-growing cause of death around the world and is projected to become the fifth most common cause of years of life lost worldwide by 2040. With deterioration in renal function, this leads to the onset of CKD-related complications, such as uremia, anemia, and electrolyte disorders. These complications often manifest as symptoms ranging from pruritus, pain, and insomnia to muscle cramps. This in turn has negative implications on patients' quality of life. Despite medical breakthroughs and the advent of new therapies in the past decades, optimal treatments for some of the symptoms resulting from CKD-related complications remained unclear, possibly due to their complex pathophysiology. Thus, an effective treatment is indeed in case of managing chronic kidney disease where comes homoeopathy. The need of the study is to evaluate the efficacy of homoeopathic medicines lycopodium and eucalyptus in various potencies for chronic renal failure.

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Anemia, Eucalyptus, Homoeopathy, Lycopodium, Renal failure

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Epilepsy remains a major public health problem in developing countries, not only because of its health problems but also for its social, cultural, psychological and economic effects. The burden of epilepsy is frequently larger than the disease itself due to the stigma linked to the condition and common misconceptions about it. School children are particularly impacted as they are developing and engage on many different levels. So this study intends to evaluate the knowledge, attitude and practice about epilepsy among school students. Descriptive cross-sectional study was under taken in 100 12th class students. Self-administered questionnaire was used for data collection. 62% students answered correctly in knowledge domain, 51% showed positive attitude in attitude domain and 43% answered correctly in practice domain. Only 8% students were exposed in management of epilepsy patient.12th class students have average knowledge about epilepsy. But they are poor in attitude and practice regarding epilepsy. There is a need to include health education programs for school children regarding epilepsy.

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epilepsy, knowledge, Attitude and Practices.

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Menstruation is one aspect of sexual maturity that first occurs during puberty in a woman. Menstruation that occurs regularly every month will form a menstrual cycle. Menstrual problems are common among adolescent girls, with a prevalence rate of approximately 50%. Psychological changes in adolescence can affect adolescent emotions that can cause stress. Stress in adolescent one of which can disrupt the menstrual cycle. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship of stress levels with the menstrual cycle in adolescents. These deserve careful evaluation as uncorrected menstrual problems may adversely affect the daily routine and quality of life. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 100 students in different colleges in India, by administering a questionnaire consisting of premenstrual symptoms and psychosocial stress Assessment scale. Psychosocial stress was assessed using Perceived Stress Scale (PSS10). This study found a strong link between stress levels and menstrual cycle abnormalities in adult female students who experienced premenstrual symptoms such anxiety, mood swings, irritability, headaches, and dysmenorrhea. This suggests that measures to lessen stress can enhance the menstrual health of adult females, lowering future health risks and enhancing quality of life.

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Menstruation, premenstrual syndrome, perceived stress scale

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Schizophrenia is a mental condition that is affecting approx. 1.0 percent of the worldwide population, with devastating consequences for affected individuals and their families. Homoeopathy could be an effective alternative mode of treatment and can minimize the consequences of it.This study is done to have a brief review of the condition of Schizophrenia and to evaluate the role of Homoeopathy as an alternative mode of treatment in patients suffering from this condition.The research is performed as an retrospective study by searching Pubmed, IJRH, ISOR-JDMS, WHO, and Medscape databases. Reference books related to medicine and homoeopathy were also reviewed. The search used the keywords like Schizophrenia, Homoeopathy, psychiatry, hallucinations, paranoia, ICD-10, DSM-5, etc.This study is conducted at Peripheral Health Centres, Karode centre for Mentally ill women, EMMAUS Rehabilitation centres at Ummancode, Mekkamandapam and also at the OPD for Psychiatry in Sarada Krishna Homoeopathic Medical College, Kulasekharam.Schizophrenia alters the thinking, feeling and behavior of affected person and is presented in form of delusion, hallucination with social withdrawal. Homoeopathy can be an alternative mode of treatment to not only help in improving this condition but also treat the same. There are not much studies that has been conducted to evaluate the role of Homoeopathy in schizophrenia. Out of few, one study has suggested improvement in the symptoms of paranoid schizophrenia using Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) score system.Schizophrenia is a psychiatric condition not only affecting routine of daily of life but also the Quality of life. Homoeopathy is a non-toxic, gentle, permanent treatment which is based on totality of symptoms (TOS) and individualization. In the process of construction of TOS and individualization, more importance is given to mental symptoms. As again pschizophrenia is a psychiatric condition which affects the mental process of patient, Homoeopathy can be used as an effective method of treatment but to establish the efficacy of it, more studies including randomized controlled trials are suggestede analytical framework contains.The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship of stress levels with the menstrual cycle in adolescents. These deserve careful evaluation as uncorrected menstrual problems may adversely affect the daily routine and quality of life. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 100 students in different colleges in India, by administering a questionnaire consisting of premenstrual symptoms and psychosocial stress Assessment scale. Psychosocial stress was assessed using Perceived Stress Scale (PSS10). This study found a strong link between stress levels and menstrual cycle abnormalities in adult female students who experienced premenstrual symptoms such anxiety, mood swings, irritability, headaches, and dysmenorrhea. This suggests that measures to lessen stress can enhance the menstrual health of adult females, lowering future health risks and enhancing quality of life.

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Schizophrenia, Homoeopathy, BPRS scale, individualization

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Mallakhamb and Human Health : A Theoretical Analysis of Its Physical and Psychological Effects

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Mallakhamb and Human Health : A Theoretical Analysis of Its Physical and Psychological Effects

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The purpose of this study is to measure the levels of depression, anxiety and stress among students studying in night college. This study was conducted by survey method. For this, a total of N=89 (male=49, female=40) students from night colleges in Pune city, Maharashtra were included in this study. To measure the depression, anxiety and stress levels of the students, Lovibound & Lovibound (1995) Depression, Anxiety scale-42 was used. In the statistical analysis, the mean and standard deviation were calculated. 't' test was used to check the significance of the mean. In this study, significant differences were found between students regarding depression, anxiety and stress. The level of depression in female students (Mean=18.10) was found to be higher than male students (Mean=14.78). Similarly, the level of anxiety in female students (Mean=18.35) was found to be higher than male students (Mean=12.94). And the level of stress in female students (Mean=23.15) was found to be higher than that of male students (Mean=18.84). Moreover, the level of anxiety was found to be higher in students above the age of 20 (>20 Mean= 22.10) than in students below the age of 20. The results of this study suggest that teachers and counselors will be helpful in guiding students as needed.

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Depression, Anxiety, Stress, DASS, and Night College.

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Over the past ten years, India has experienced an unthinkable surge in the digital world due to the quick adoption and expansion of social media, online platforms, e-commerce, and most recently, online payment methods. Concerns about it increased along with its simplicity of use and the abundance of features that make life easier. People began to experience privacy violations, security problems, and data breaches, among other things. The main issue was that there was no explicit legislation governing the use of data in the digital sphere. The necessity for a legislative framework to protect digital data increased after the Supreme Court of India declared that privacy was a fundamental right. India's digital economy is experiencing an extraordinary increase in data-driven innovation, encompassing AI-enhanced services and inventive digital content. In conjunction with this expansion, two essential legal frameworks regulate the management of information and ideas; data protection law and intellectual property (IP) law. These frameworks fulfill distinctly different roles; one is designed to protect personal information and privacy, while the other safeguards intellectual creations. However, they are increasingly overlapping and even conflicting in the realm of contemporary technology. A critical examination of the differences between data protection and IP law in India, elucidating each within the Indian context, comparing their goals and mechanisms, and investigating how they intersect, clash, and can be strategically navigated within the digital and AI economy. Relevant Indian legislation, such as the Digital Personal Data Protection Act, 2023 (DPDPA), the Patents Act, 1970, and the Copyright Act, 1957, are analyzed to offer practical guidance for businesses, startups, creators, and individuals operating in India.

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Technology, Development, Digital Protection, Data laws, IP laws.

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HYV rice, Kamrup, quadratic regression, yield trend, agricultural policy, Assam

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In an increasingly competitive and technology-driven job market, developing productive skills is essential to enhance the employability of the future workforce. This study investigates effective methods of productive skill development among university students and recent graduates. Using a mixed-methods approach, data were collected through surveys from 150 final-year students and interviews with 10 employers and educators. The research identifies key employability skills--such as communication, critical thinking, teamwork, and digital literacy--as lacking in many graduates. Employers emphasize the need for real-world experience and soft skills in addition to academic knowledge. The findings suggest that integrating experiential learning, internships, and soft skills training into higher education curricula significantly improves student readiness for the labor market. This study provides practical recommendations for educators, policymakers, and institutions aiming to bridge the skills gap and support workforce empowerment.

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Employability, Productive Skills, Workforce Development, Higher Education, Soft Skills, Skill Gap, Experiential Learning

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India is a multi-cultural nation. The Atlas of Ethnographic Society is reports more than two thousand distant cultures in India based on factors like geographic location, languages, festivals, food habits, art, religion and caste. Many tribal community have their own distinct culture, tradition and religious practices which are different from the main stream cultural practices. Among the major religions cultural traditions differ based on caste region and language spoken. One such cultural minority is the Bene-Israel Jews in India. Esther David is an Indian author of Jewish descent. She hails from Gujarat and was born into the Bene-Israel Jewish community. This community was believed to have arrived in India after a shipwreck around 2100 years ago, to escape persecution from Antiochus Epiphanes. Since then they have slowly become an integral part of the Indian culture. They are nicknamed "Shaniwar Teli" i.e. the Saturday oil pressers, since many of the Jewish people work in oil pressing so that they can follow Sabbath and other traditions. They have integrated into the Indian society while maintaining their traditional and religious practices, thus maintaining a unique identity and becoming one of the many cultural minorities in India. Esther David, a Bene-Israeli writer tried to preserve and portray their unique culture through her works. She has won the Sahitya academy award in 2010 for her work 'Book of Rachel'.

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isolation, community, culture, cultural minority, tradition

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Austin Clarke, an award winning author voiced the discrimination against immigrant Blacks in Canada. His work talks about alienation, racial victimisation in the postcolonial period, confrontation of two different cultures and its effects on the female characters. His award winning work 'The Polished Hoe' depicts the suffering of a young Caribbean woman, like many of his works. Austin Clark is an advocate of the suffering immigrant, a champion of the underdog and the defender of the victimized woman. This paper seeks to focus on the feminine sensibility in Austin Clarke's The Polished Hoe, the novel that got him the Scotiabank Giller Prize in 2002, the Commonwealth Writers' Prize for Canada and the Caribbean in 2003 and Trillium Book Award, also in 2003. Literature and society are intertwined. They mirror each other. Each is a cause and result of one another. Some of the best works of literature have been influenced by it while some are the result of the course of life excellently penned. The faculty of letters has become a source to channelize and weaponize the sufferings of the underdog. He has found a release in speaking, singing and writing about his plight, which has, in course of time, compelled the kinder souls of the society to respond with sympathy, bring about changes and to contribute to a constructive society. Without literature, the plight would have been a dry detail devoid of the power to stir the human emotion and bring to light the finer aspects of the human soul. The female has been one such underdog who has found solace in the tender embrace of literature. She seeks an escape from her truth, her whole truth and nothing but her truth. Her dreams, however colourful and boisterous they may be, immediately die at the feet of her truth. Her truth is harsh, cold and dead. She, despite the obstacles, responds to the world and the world responds to her. More so the Black woman, who faces two fold discrimination - for being Black and for being a woman.

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feminism, sensibility, rebellion, respect, champion

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Kathakali is a noble, majestic and more aesthetic creation compared to other performing artforms. Kathakali, the unique art of Kerala, does not have a heritage like Koodiyattam. There is no form of rituals involved in kathakali. Kathakali, which took its origin independently outside the temple walls, has grown faster than Koodiyattam. As kathakali took its form through various hands, there are creative contributions from each person who has handled it. Music, Instrument and sculpture has been incorporated harmoniously in the formation of this traditionally and historically rich artfrom. Kottarakkara Thampuran, who was Fascinated by Krishnanattam, requested Manavedan Thampuran to send Krishnanattam to the South. As Manavedan Thampuran sarcastically rejected this request, Kottarakkara Thampuran created Ramanattam based on the Ramayana and over time, with the involvement of other epics, it transformed into the current form, Kathakali. This is the history behind Kathakali. Still the artform is maintaining its grandeur through noble stages. Poetries and theatrical plays are also being portrayed through this artform. The facial makeup (face painting) of each character in Kathakali is a lot related to the traditional painting practices of Kerala. The colour combinations used in Kalamezhuthu and the colouring materials used in mural painting are related to the face painting in Kathakali. Although basic texts such as the Natya Shastra have already mentioned different colours for each rasa (facial expression), they haven't mentioned the materials used to prepare those colours. Therefore, artforms like Kathakali, Koodiyattam and other ritual arts have used books related to painting and sculpture, such as the Vishnu Dharmothara Purana, to find out the materials for making colours. Bharata Muni who wrote the Natya Shastra has divided acting into four. Among the four types of acting (Chathurvidhabhinaya), Angikam, Vachikam, Sattwikam and Aharyam, the section Aharyam discusses Angarachana, i.e. facial painting methods. Although artforms like Kathakali does not incorporate all the aspects mentioned in Natya Shastra, it has adopted many of the things mentioned in the 23rd chapter called Aharya Abhinayam related to the decorative methods of Kathakali. Angarachana refers to the transformation of the face and body using different colour combinations. Which colours should be used as natural colours, compound colours or tools for this has been clearly mentioned in Natya Shastra. But the source of these colours is not discussed. Therefore, the colour-making materials have been prepared as inspired from the painting methods, ritual and traditional artforms that existed until then. Naturally obtained colours are being mostly used for face painting of the artforms of Kerala. This paper examines how the face painting is related to the traditional painting practices.

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Painting, Colours, Kathakali, Face painting, Artforms

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 Abstract

Badalte samajik paridrashaya me shrimad bhagwat geeta ke shaikshik nihitarth (naitik shiksha ke vishesh sandharbh mein)

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Badalte samajik paridrashaya me shrimad bhagwat geeta ke shaikshik nihitarth (naitik shiksha ke vishesh sandharbh mein)

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