Volume 12 | Issue 1

 Abstract

This paper introduces a holistic framework for the systematic management of Intravenous (IV) therapy in modern healthcare. Focused on structured protocols, real-time monitoring, risk identification, and quality improvement, the proposed system aims to optimize patient outcomes, reduce risks, and streamline the administration process. Healthcare professionals can elevate IV therapy standards by adopting this systematic approach, ensuring precision, safety, and efficiency in patient care.

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IV Workflow management, Benefits Of IVWMS, Risk and Errors in IVWMS, Essential management.

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The current study's objective is to assess several medicines herbs' potential as antidiabetic agents. One of the most prevalent non-communicable illnesses in the world is diabetes mellitus. People with diabetes mellitus are afflicted with this frequent and very prevalent illness in both industrialized and developing nations. This illness is thought to afflict 25% of the global population. The improper metabolism of carbohydrates, which is connected with decreased blood insulin levels or targeting organ response to insulin, is what causes diabetes mellitus. Herbal medicine has seen exponential development in the past several years and is becoming more and more popular in both developed and developing nations due to its natural origins and low negative effects. To gather data about herbal remedies used in the treatment of diabetes mellitus, a thorough review was carried out. One chronic metabolic disease with several origins is diabetes mellitus, which raises blood sugar levels. Systematic studies of herbal remedies for diabetes provide invaluable insights for the development of complementary and alternative medicine. A collection of herbal medications utilized for managing diabetes as well as medicinal herbs with shown antidiabetic properties and associated health benefits is compiled. These consist of Azadiracha indica, Fenugreek, Allium sativum, Aloe barbadensis Miller, and Allium cepa.

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 Keywords

Diabetes mellitus, Antidiabetic drugs, Medicinal plants, Natural products.

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E-commerce has witnessed unprecedented growth in recent years, revolutionizing the way consumers shop and businesses operate. This research explores the multifaceted relationship between e-commerce and its impact on the environment. As the digital economy continues to expand, understanding the environmental consequences of this transformation becomes paramount. The study delves into the environmental footprint of e-commerce operations, examining its effects on carbon emissions, energy consumption, and waste generation. It also investigates the sustainability initiatives and practices adopted by e-commerce companies and their influence on reducing environmental harm. Furthermore, the research explores the role of green logistics and supply chain management in mitigating the adverse effects of e-commerce on the environment. This analysis highlights the potential for e-commerce to promote sustainable consumption patterns and minimize packaging waste through innovative strategies. It underscores the significance of green technologies, such as electric delivery vehicles and renewable energy sources, in minimizing the carbon footprint of e-commerce operations. The findings of this research offer valuable insights for policymakers, businesses, and consumers to make informed decisions about the environmental implications of e-commerce. Balancing the convenience and economic benefits of e-commerce with environmental sustainability is crucial for a greener and more sustainable future.

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Keywords: E-commerce, Environmental Impact, Sustainability, Carbon Footprint, Green Logistics, Supply Chain, Digital Economy, Sustainable Consumption, Packaging Waste, Green Technologies

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Delhi's incubators are important for promoting innovation and entrepreneurship. Delhi, the nation's capital, is seeing an increase in entrepreneurial activity due to its developing startup environment and infrastructure. This study explores the environment of incubation facilities in Delhi, looking at their methods, success stories, problems, and overall influence on the entrepreneurial scene. The paper attempts to provide light on the dynamics of Delhi's incubation centers and their importance in supporting entrepreneurs and stimulating economic growth through a thorough examination.

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Incubation Centres, Delhi, Entrepreneurial ecosystem

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In this research on endeavor shall be led to examine the complexity between the Copyright Act and Design Act protection in the fashion industry It examines the duration and scope of protection offered by each mechanism, the unique challenges posed by the industry's rapid trends, the cumbersome registration process for designs, and the instances of overlapping aspects between copyright and design protection. The judicial role in interpreting the law and resolving disputes is also considered. To strike this delicate balance, recommendations are made, including the need for legal clarity, streamlined registration processes, and awareness initiatives. The abstract underscores the importance of recognizing the distinct needs of the fashion industry and the necessity of international standardization to facilitate global operations. The ultimate goal is to foster an environment that nurtures creativity, innovation, and competition while preserving the rights of designers in the ever-changing world of fashion.

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 Keywords

COPYRIGHT PROTECTION, DESIGN ACT, FASHION INDUSTRY, CONFLICT, INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHT, ROLE OF JUDICIARY, BALANCE.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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The primary objective of drug delivery systems is to attain a therapeutically effective and non-toxic concentration of the drug in the bloodstream or tissues over an extended period. Numerous endeavors have been undertaken to develop gastroretentive delivery systems, encompassing high-density formulations, swelling systems, and floating systems. This comprehensive review delves into recent advancements in Floating Drug Delivery Systems (FDDS), elucidating the physiological and formulation variables influencing gastric retention. It expounds upon methodologies for designing both single-unit and multiple-unit floating systems, providing a detailed classification and examination of formulation aspects. Furthermore, the review synthesizes findings from studies evaluating the performance and applications of floating systems, shedding light on their various uses. Given the intricacies of gastric emptying, a process introducing uncertainty to the in vivo performance of drug delivery systems, concerted efforts have been directed towards extending the retention time of these systems beyond 12 hours. In this context, hydrodynamically controlled drug delivery systems, particularly those employing floating mechanisms, prove advantageous

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Floating, gastrointestinal, gastro retentive system, evaluation

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This study has been undertaken to investigate causes of stress in Students of 9th and 10thwho are considered as teenagers and give remedial suggestions to overcome stress. Some factors such as school environment, family background, social background and physical changes are considered to carry out investigations. Descriptive survey method is used for primary data collection. 40 students of 9th & 10th standard from 4 different schools in Raigad district are selected randomly by lottery method. Prepared Questionnaire and approved from the expertise. Questionnaire of 40 closed ended questions is provided to student & collected data in the form of YES and NO response. Interviews of teachers and parents are conducted through direct coordination between interviewer and respondent in order to investigate causes of stress. Opinions are recorded to draw conclusions. Bar graph is used to represent the data. Some remedial measures suggested to school administration, teachers and parents.

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9833317575

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Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus has emerged as a pathogen associated with community-acquired infections worldwide. We report the spectrum of community-acquired S. aureus infections and compare the patients infected with methicillin-susceptible or methicillin-resistant strains among patients aged 2 to 8 years. Overall, 90 cases of community-acquired S. aureus were detected in 1-year period. Clinical and microbiological data were registered. Fifty-nine (66%) patients were male and the median age was two years. The majority (87%) of the patients were hospitalized and chronic underlying illnesses were detected in 27 (30%) cases. Overall, 34 (37.8%) patients had skin/soft tissue infections and 56 (62.2%) patients had deep-seated infection. Four (5.1%) patients were transferred to the intensive care unit and two (2.6%) died. Complications were detected in 17 (18.9%) cases, such as pleural effusion (41.2%), osteomyelitis (23.5%), and sepsis (17.6%). Six (6.7%) methicillin-resistant strains were detected. Patients infected with methicillin-susceptible or methicillin-resistant strains had similar baseline characteristics and treatment outcomes. Approximately 93% of the cases received systemic antibiotics, out of which 59 (65.5%) used oxacillin or cefalotin. Both methicillin-susceptible and methicillin-resistant S. aureus strains resulted in morbidity and death among children in this setting where methicillin-resistant strains are infrequent.

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Antibacterial agents, Community-acquired infection, Methicillin resistance, Staphylococcal infections, Staphylococcus aureus antimicrobial resistance.

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 Abstract

The fast fashion industry, known for its speedy production cycles and global supply chains, operates within a framework characterized by a constant push for affordable clothing. In this industry, Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) stands pivotal in Company Law, representing a commitment to ethical and responsible business conduct. A complex intersection exists between company law and CSR in fast fashion companies, and there are several legal challenges, corporate obligations, and emerging issues. The Company law imposes multiple obligations on certain corporations, including fast fashion corporations, emphasizing legal responsibilities related to ethical sourcing, fair labour practices, and environmental sustainability. However, despite mounting pressures, a contrast exists as companies in developing nations predominantly engage in CSR activities for financial gain rather than genuine social welfare and environmental benefit. This behavior often results in superficial engagement or "greenwashing," where CSR becomes more of a marketing tool than a catalyst for sustainable development. Focusing on the Companies Act of 2013, the research elaborates on its provisions mandating certain companies meeting specific financial criteria to allocate funds toward CSR activities. Emphasizing legal compliance and transparency, the Act requires the formation of committees responsible for overseeing CSR activities, assigning funds, and annual reporting. The Act is a benchmark for companies contributing to societal welfare and ethical business practices. Exploring the regulatory compliance and company governance aspects, the study highlights their crucial roles in shaping CSR practices. These elements influence how fast fashion corporations meet ethical and sustainable standards while adhering to legal frameworks. Company governance structures ensure CSR strategies are integrated into operations and decision-making processes, promoting accountability and ethical conduct. Consumer rights and corporate transparency within fast fashion are addressed, emphasizing legal obligations to provide accurate product information and build honest relationships with consumers. Challenges in corporate transparency, deceptive practices by leading fast fashion brands, and the environmental and ethical implications within the industry are also discussed. The progress in aligning with sustainable practices highlights the significance of legal consequences and advantages of successful CSR implementation. While acknowledging challenges in enforcement, monitoring, and varied levels of commitment, the study emphasizes the need for reinforced compliance mechanisms and industry-wide standards to enhance the effectiveness of legal provisions in fostering CSR in the fast fashion industry. It underscores the importance of ongoing improvements, adaptability, and a collective commitment toward a more sustainable and ethical future for the fashion industry

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Fast fashion, Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), Sustainability, Greenwashing, Compliance, and Implementation.

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The metabolic disorder known as polycystic ovarian syndrome affects reproduction worldwide and is linked to unfavourable results. It causes an overabundance of male hormones in the body. Cysts are liquid-filled sacs. PCOS symptoms were classified by the National Institutes of Health as oligomenorrhea or amenorrhoea along with clinical or laboratory confirmation of hyperandrogenaemia. Menstrual dysfunction, subfertility, endometrial hyperplasia, and oligo-ovulation, which presents as seborrhea, are associated with the most severe forms of resistance to insulin and metabolic comorbidities. The Androgen Excess Society in 2006 and Rotterdams (2003) have both reported differing rates of prevalence. The interplay between metabolic problems and reproductive failure shapes the diverse pathophysiology of PCOS. The goal of treating PCOS patients should be to achieve fertility, or in the case of nonfertile individuals, to address or mitigate the psychological effects of excess androgen, irregular menstruation, and the possibility of endometrial hyperplasia.

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Amenorrhoea, hyperplasia, Androgen Excess Society, Oligo-ovulation.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Abstract : Indian English Literature or Indian Literature in English has attracted a widespread interest recently both in India and abroad. It has come to occupy a greater significance in world literature. It is now realized that Indian English Literature and Commonwealth Literature are in no way inferior to other literatures. The writers in Australia, New Zealand, West Indies, South Africa, Canada, Nigeria and India have contributed substantially to the modern English literature. Fiction, having been the most powerful form of literary expression today, has acquired a prestigious position in Indian English Literature. It is generally agreed that the novel is the most acceptable way of expression of experiences and ideas in the context of our time. The Indian Fiction in English has been attracting worldwide attention. Though not a prolific writer with abundant humanism and leftist leanings like Mulk Raj Anand, nor a comic genius with artistic detachment and commitment to human values like R. K. Narayan, nor a creative artist with astonishing philosophical depth like Raja Rao, Bhabani Bhattacharya - one of the major novelists of the older generation of living Indo-English fictionists - is endowed with a transparently positive vision of life, explored and expressed artistically in all the five novels he has published so far. Since he believes that the novel should have a social purpose, his stories abound in social and historical realities, quite often bitter and gruesome, such as the Bengal Famine of 1943, the tragedies of the freedom struggle and partition, and the evils of poverty, corruption, ignorance, superstition, exploitation, greed, sexual perversion etc. But beneath them, there is almost always present the novelist's unflinching faith in life and its invincibility, indestructibility and worthiness.

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Bhabani Bhattacharya, Bengal, Bihar, English, Indian, Fiction, Literature

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The present study aims to find gender differences in depression, anxiety and stress among college going students of three districts, Barnala, Sangrur and Patiala of Punjab. The study was delimited to 200 college going students (B.A./ B.Sc First Year) of Punjab. Data was collected by using Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale - 21 Items (Dass-21) by Lovibond, S.H. & Lovibond, P.F. (1995). To find gender differences in depression, anxiety and stress among college going students, t-value was calculated. Results of the study indicated significant gender differences in depression, anxiety and stress among college going students. Female college going students are found to be more depressed, more anxious and more stressed than male college going students.

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Depression, Anxiety , Stress, College Going Students

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The intricate web of globalization reshapes industries, fostering growth and innovation in some but also leaving scars of job displacement and environmental degradation. Market Expansion as lower production costs abroad and access to vast new consumer bases propel growth, boosting industries like manufacturing. Consumers worldwide benefit from increased efficiency and affordability. Cross-pollination of Innovation happens as collaboration between multinational firms and local talent sparks innovation, accelerating technological advancements. Think of pharmaceuticals benefiting from research in emerging economies. Niche markets thrive as increased competition incentivizes specialization, leading to the emergence of niche markets and highly specialized goods and services, offering both producers and consumers greater choice and quality. Globalization's impact on industries is a complex tapestry woven with threads of opportunity and challenge[ World Bank, "Globalization, Growth, and Poverty" (2002)]. Understanding its nuances is crucial for navigating the interconnected world and ensuring its benefits are shared equitably. Globalization, a multifaceted and all-encompassing phenomenon, has left an indelible mark on various industries worldwide. This abstract offers a concise overview of how globalization has affected industries across economic, technological, cultural, and environmental dimensions. It examines the opportunities and hurdles that industries have encountered in the global landscape and the strategies they have adopted to thrive in this interconnected world. Globalization has significantly altered industries by broadening market horizons, intensifying competition, and facilitating the movement of capital, goods, and services across international borders. To maintain competitiveness[ International Labour Organization, "World Employment Report 2023"] on the global stage, industries have had to embrace efficiency and innovation. Multinational corporations have harnessed expansive markets and cost-efficient production, while small and medium-sized enterprises have leveraged e-commerce and digital platforms to access global markets and the technological reforms brought. Globalization presents challenges, including heightened competition, intricate regulatory frameworks, and the need to navigate cultural and political disparities. Industries have reacted by forging global partnerships, investing in research and development, and tailoring their operations to local conditions[ United Nations Environment Programme, "Global Environment Outlook 6" (2019)] through localization strategies. Effective risk management and compliance with international standards have become indispensable for industry success in a globalized environment. The impact of globalization on industries is unequivocal, reshaping the economic, technological, cultural, and environmental landscape in profound ways. Industries must remain agile and innovative to seize opportunities and overcome the challenges presented by globalization, ultimately striving for sustainable and responsible growth in an interconnected global economy.

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Interconnectedness, competition, challenges, opportunities, market.

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Metacognition means "thinking about one's thinking". There are two aspects of metacognition: - reflection- thinking about what we know and self-regulation managing how we go about learning (Winn and Snyder, 1996). These processes, when combined, constitute an important element of education and growth. Strengthening these cognitive processes' talents entails not only being reflective learners but also learning specialized learning approaches. Some of the terminology that pertains to metacognition includes metacognitive beliefs, metacognitive awareness, metacognitive experiences, metacognitive knowledge, metacognitive skills, executive abilities, higher-order skills, meta components, and memory retention. Being aware of how you think is what metacognitive awareness entails. Metacognition is the awareness of one's thoughts and strategies. It allows students to be more conscious of the things they are doing and the cause they are doing, as well as how those abilities they are acquiring may be implemented differently in other circumstances. The investigators in this paper try to analyze the metacognitive awareness of higher secondary school students. The metacognitive awareness scale developed and standardized was used by Gupta and Suman (2017) to check the metacognitive awareness of higher secondary school students. The study tries to find out whether there exists any significant difference in their metacognitive awareness based on gender, type of school and Stream among higher secondary school students. The investigators use appropriate statistical techniques like mean, standard deviation, and t-test for the analysis of the data.

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Metacognition; Metacognitive Awareness; Higher Secondary School Students

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Nowadays physical education is significantly valuable along with general education; physical education plays an important role in education of our future generation by teaching them how to acquire the ability to develop strength, speed, endurance and motor coordination from early youth. To find out the status of attitude toward physical education, an adapted version of Attitude towards Physical Education and Sports Seale (Demirhan, Altay, 2001) was administered on a random sample of 706 school-going adolescents. The results reflected that the young students exhibited their positive attitude toward physical education; again, both the male and female students revealed equal positive attitude. From the result it might be concluded that physical education was much popular among the young students.

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Attitude toward Physical Education, Likert scale, Physical Education.

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 Abstract

'I visited a diabetes awareness site and it asked me whether I will accept all the cookies, is that a trick question?' Well, when we talk about cookies, the first thing to cross our mind is a treat of chocolate and butter crunch. But in the virtual world, cookie is more than a dessert menu and have to be chosen carefully. We might have noticed that whenever we enter into a website it asks for permission to grant access to cookies, it is nothing but a tiny text file stored in the browser of our devices used for collecting our search or interest data. It remembers the interests and likes of the users. In layman's terms, it is a memory chip of the user's information about their likes and wants which uses the data to personalize the user's experience. The website uses the said data to regulate the advertisement of the products according to our interests. A device cookie known as the browser, i.e., the internet or web and also known as HTTP cookies, stores data related to the login credentials, or shopping list or web experiences, and cookies make the working and regulation of such data smoother by providing the exact data of the user's choice. But with the rising AI advancements also increases the threat of potential cookie problems. When we store our data or login credentials to a site then the data is stored in the browser which may also include the payment information, address of the users, passwords and etc. can be used cyber attackers and fraudsters and can infringe our right to privacy by unlawfully authorising such data. This paper talks about the types of cookies and security concerns faced in today's scenario. Additionally, it lays down the various legal aspect which is needed in improvement of cybersecurity.

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Digital data, cookies, data privacy, cyber security, DPDP Act 2023

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Environment tolerance, eutrophic ponds, algal growth, fish population etc

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Methemoglobinemia (MetHb) is a rare yet significant condition characterized by the unusual accumulation of methemoglobin, an oxidized hemoglobin form that compromises its oxygen transport function. This review comprehensively elucidates MetHb, surrounding its etiological factors, pathophysiological mechanisms, clinical manifestations, diagnostic modalities and therapeutic interventions. The review delineates the diverse causative agents of MetHb, spanning genetic predispositions to exposure to specific pharmaceuticals, chemicals and toxins, with particular emphasis on well-documented substances such as nitrates and aniline derivatives. Additionally the propensity of individuals with methemoglobin reductase deficiencies is discussed. The review further explores the genetic and acquired determinants contributing to MetHb, highlighting the importance of red blood cell metabolism and hemoglobin structure in its genesis. Clinical aspects of MetHb are expounded, ranging from asymptomatic presentations to severe symptoms, including cyanosis, dyspnea, and cardiac arrhythmias leading to circulatory failure in critical scenarios. Remarkably, children with congenital heart diseases and MetHb often manifest ambiguous oxygen saturation readings, accentuating the clinical complexities associated with this condition. Various therapeutic strategies for MetHb are scrutinized, encompassing the use of methylene blue, ascorbic acid and N-acetylcysteine. A relative analysis of these treatment modalities is presented, incorporating dosing recommendations and potential side effects. Moreover, recent advancements in research methodologies, such as Broadband Diffuse Optical Spectroscopy and Photoacoustic Microscopy, are discussed for their contributions to comprehending methemoglobin formation and reduction in animal models. These non-invasive techniques afford real-time monitoring of methemoglobin levels, furnishing valuable insights into the dynamic nature of the disease. In conclusion, this review offers an in-depth exploration of MetHb, elucidating its comprehensive etiology, varied clinical presentations and evolving therapeutic approaches. The insights provided herein serve as a valuable guide for healthcare professionals in effectively managing this elaborate condition.

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Methemoglobinemia, Cyanosis, Co-oximetry, Plasmapheresis, Broadband diffuse optical spectroscopy.

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The present study is an explorative analysis on LIS (Library and Information Science) Faulty members opinion on the information available on SN (Social Networking) Sites, that information is reliable, authentic. It explores the light on that personal information over SN Sites to what extent is secure or not. For data collection questionnaires are distributed to the respondent over different online media. The results show that nowadays SN Sites are one of the popular online media of communication, but information is not always secure and authentic.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Bog, Wiki, Podcast, Facebook, ICT, Library Thing, Cyber threat

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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With the evolution of technology, digital art has emerged as a prominent form of artistic expression, challenging traditional concepts of creativity and ownership. This research paper delves into the legal frameworks safeguarding digital art in India and the United States, offering a comparative analysis of their efficacy and adaptability in the digital age. In the Indian scenario, the study evaluates the Copyright Act of 1957 and subsequent amendments, shedding light on their applicability to digital art and the challenges posed by evolving mediums and distribution channels. Concurrently, the research delves into the United States' Digital Millennium Copyright Act (DMCA) and its effectiveness in safeguarding the rights of digital artists. This research paper presents a comparative lens to assess the strengths and weaknesses of each legal framework, considering the aspects such as copyright duration, fair use provisions, and enforcement mechanisms. This research paper examines the role of technologies such as blockchain and non-fungible tokens (NFTs) in enhancing the protection and provenance of digital artworks by scrutinizing landmark legal cases and recent developments. Further, this research paper attempts to contribute to the discourse on digital art protection, offering a comprehensive analysis in both India and the United States, fostering a conducive environment for the flourishing digital art landscape in the global arena.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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NFTs, Digital Art, Copyright Act 1957, Blockchain, DMCA

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition