Volume 12 | Issue 1

 Abstract

This narrative literature review focuses on the intricate landscape of consumer preferences within Kodagu, spanning the last two decades. Following the IMRaD structure, the study navigates through Introduction, Aim, Methods, Results, Discussion, and Conclusion, providing a comprehensive exploration of generational shifts in consumer behaviour. The primary aim of this research is to gain a deeper understanding of the intergenerational shifts in consumer preferences within the unique context of Kodagu. The study aims to decipher the complex dynamics that influence the choices of different age cohorts, contributing valuable insights for businesses and policymakers operating in this distinct marketplace. A narrative literature review was conducted, employing a methodology to identify and analyze relevant scholarly works. The review focused on seminal studies and contemporary research exploring generational behaviours, historical influences, economic factors, technological impacts, cultural dynamics, and sustainability trends in the context of Gen X, Millennials, and Gen Z consumer preferences in Kodagu. The findings are presented categorically, with each generational cohort (Gen X, Millennials, Gen Z) revealing distinctive preferences. The study unveils nuanced characteristics, such as Gen X's practicality, Millennials' emphasis on experiences, and Gen Z's conscious consumption, providing fresh perspectives on how these generations navigate the consumer landscape in Kodagu. The discussion synthesizes the key findings, highlighting the interconnected nature of historical, economic, technological, cultural, and generational factors influencing consumer preferences. It explores the implications of these findings for businesses and policymakers, emphasizing the necessity of adapting strategies to align with the unique cultural ethos and evolving preferences of Kodagu.

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 Keywords

Generational Shifts, Kodagu Consumer Behaviour, Intergenerational Dynamics, Evolving Market Landscape

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Insomnia is defined by the presence of an individual's report of difficulty in sleep cycle. Insomnia is known for polysomnographic evidence of disturbed sleep. Thus, the presence of long sleep latency, frequent nocturnal awakenings, or prolonged periods of wakefulness during the sleep period or even frequent transient arousals are taken as evidence of insomnia

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Insomnia, Dyssomnias, Hypersomnia, Hyperarousal, Physiological arousal, cognitive behavioral therapy, stimulus control therapy, paradoxical intention

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Since COVID-19, ICT has proven its importance in almost every aspect, particularly in the education field. For around 2 and half years, no activities like classroom teaching, conferences, workshops, and many more were not possible due to the pandemic situation, and still, everything was conducted through the ONLINE platform, and it's possible just because of the ICT [Information and Communication Technology]. Had ICT not been available the scenario would have worsened so far as the entire education system is concerned as it works as a powerful medium in it. ICT is a diversified set of technological tools and resources used to communicate, create, disseminate, store, and manage information. ICT adds more value to the learning processes and organization and administration of educational institutions

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COVID-19, Pandemic, Online, ICT, Diversified, Disseminate

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This case study explores the life of a 19-year-old female from Syria who, at a remarkably young age, has already undergone three marriages, each ending in less than a year. Confronted with symptoms of depression and anxiety, she grapples with challenges such as disturbed sleep and a significant loss of appetite. Compounded by an unsupportive familial environment, a comprehensive assessment leads to the diagnosis of Major Depressive Disorder and Generalized Anxiety Disorder. The proposed treatment plan involves a nuanced combination of pharmacotherapy and psychotherapy, specifically Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT), with overarching goals to mitigate symptoms, enhance sleep and appetite, strengthen social support, and ultimately elevate her overall quality of life.

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 Keywords

Syrian women, Depression , Anxiety, Psychotherapy.

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These days riding two wheelers are more comfortable than any other vehicle. But riding motorcycle without wearing a helmet is a violation of traffic rules. Wearing helmet while riding is one of the safety measure which decreases accidents and death everywhere .There are certain rules made by the government for wearing helmet but still people ride vehicle without wearing helmet. This paper surveys recent advances in helmet detection and number plate validation using image processing and machine learning techniques. This project has the potential to revolutionize motorcyclist safety by promoting helmet compliance, facilitating efficient traffic management, and contributing to data-driven decision making. Ultimately, our goal is to create a safer and more secure environment for motorcyclists, pedestrians, and drivers alike.

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Helmet Detection, Image processing, Number Plate validation

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This abstract aims to provide a concise overview of SLE, highlighting its clinical features, diagnostic challenges, and potential contributing factors. The heterogeneity of symptoms and the variability in disease severity underscore the need for a multidisciplinary approach to diagnosis and management. Advances in understanding the underlying immunopathology and the identification of specific biomarkers have improved diagnostic precision and opened avenues for targeted therapies. However, effective management of SLE often requires a personalized treatment approach, considering the diverse manifestations and individual patient factors.

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Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE), Autoimmune disease, Immunopathology, Clinical manifestations, Diagnostic challenges, Heterogeneity, Biomarkers, Genetic factors, Hormonal factors, Environmental factors, Multidisciplinary approach, Rheumatology, Personalized medicine, Targeted therapies, Disease severity, Organ involvement, Prognostication, Immunology, Inflammatory disorder.

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Nursing is one of the challenging professions in the health sector. A nurse has to provide 24 hours service in shifts and has to take care of many patients. This study aimed to assess the incidence of phlebitis associated with peripheral intravenous cannula among patients admitted in Mata Kaushalya Hospital Patiala, Punjab. A quantitative research approach with descriptive research design was adopted. 100 patients were selected using convenient sampling technique. Incidence of phlebitis was assessed by using standardized tool. Study showed that 53% had no sign of phlebitis, 33% had possible first sign of phlebitis, 12% had early stage of phlebitis and 2% had medium stage of phlebitis. There was no significant association of phlebitis score with gender, education, area of residence, source of information at p-value <0.05. Moreover, there were significant association of phlebitis score with age, monthly income at p -value<0.05.

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Incidence, Phlebitis, Peripheral Intravenous Cannula, Patients

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This project addresses the pressing issue of road safety for two-wheeler vehicles by developing and deploying a Bike Crash Detection system. Leveraging advanced sensor networks and a unique algorithm, the system identifies critical situations in real-time and automatically sends SOS signals for swift response. The outcomes demonstrate the system's effectiveness in improving two-wheeler safety, marking a significant advancement in road safety technology. Beyond its immediate applications, the project provides valuable insights for the implementation of bike crash detection systems, serving as a catalyst for innovation and progress in transportation safety.

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System Design,Sensor ,IntegrationCrash, Detection Algorithm,GSM Module Configuration,Power Management,Testing and Calibration,

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Abstract: Chitra Banerjee Divakaruni, a renowned feminist author, is celebrated for her portrayal of strong female characters navigating the complexities of Indian and diasporic societies. This research paper critically examines the gender dynamics in Divakaruni's novel, "Sister of My Heart," shedding light on the empowering journeys of female protagonists and the contrasting portrayal of male characters as passive and weak. Divakaruni's narratives highlight the resilience and unity among women facing patriarchal challenges, showcasing their ability to overcome adversities through solidarity. The paper delves into the nuanced characterizations of Anju, Sudha, Pishi ma, Nalini, and Gauri, illustrating how sisterhood becomes a source of strength in the face of societal expectations. In contrast, male characters like Gopal, Bijoy, Ashok, Sunil, and Ramesh are analyzed for their comparatively passive roles, often succumbing to societal norms and lacking the agency displayed by their female counterparts. The study explores themes of love, societal expectations, and the evolving roles of men in a feminist narrative, contributing to a deeper understanding of gender representations in Divakaruni's literary works.

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Keywords: Chitra Banerjee Divakaruni, Sister of My Heart, Gender, Male, Female

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Exploring the historical evolution of pesticides, the article navigates through the different classifications of pesticides and explores various impacts of pesticides on agriculture, the environment, and human health. It examines global trends in pesticide application, sheds light on variations across regions and crops. The ecological consequences such as effects on non-target species, soil health, and water quality of pesticide use are discussed. The presence of pesticide residues in food products and potential implications for human health, prompt a discussion on regulatory measures. A critical analysis of the relationship between pesticide exposure and health issues, emphasizes the delicate balance needed in pesticide use. The article evaluates existing global regulations governing pesticide use and identifies challenges in implementation and enforcement. Shifting towards sustainable pest management practices, alternative methods such as biological control, organic farming, and precision agriculture are explored. The review also highlights the future directions and research needs in this field. It concludes with a call for a multidisciplinary and collaborative approach to address the challenges posed by pesticide use, emphasizing the need to balance agricultural productivity with environmental and health concerns.

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Pesticides, health, environment, agriculture

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The paper explains the adverse effects of contemporary food habits on global health, exemplifying India's transition towards lavish and modern diets. The paper discusses how the shift influenced by societal trends and colonial approach, has led to widespread obesity and diabetes-related issues, among the youth. It highlights the significance of traditional knowledge; the piece advocates for a return to ancestral dietary practices, emphasizing the health benefits of incorporating millets like Bajra, Jowar, and Ragi into daily meals. It draws knowledge from traditional Indian cultural heritage and underscores the distinction between Satvica, Rajasika, and Tamasika foods, linking them to mental and physical well-being. Additionally, it delves into Indian archaeological findings revealing the consumption of highly nutritious multigrain laddoos by the Harappans, suggesting a historical precedent for nutrient-rich dietary choices. The paper hopes for a shift away from high-calorie junk foods towards a diverse range of millet-based recipes for better health, drawing on the wisdom of ancient Indian dietary traditions to combat prevalent lifestyle diseases and promote self-reliance. Overall, it emphasizes the critical role of adopting Satvik foods in maintaining good health and vitality while advocating for a return to traditional dietary wisdom to create a healthier, disease-free society.

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diet, diabetes, traditional Indian food, forgotten food

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Katigraha i.e., low back pain is a commonly occurring disease in many people. It commonly affects the old aged people. Snehana & Swedana is mentioned as a remedy for Vata Vyadhi in Charak Samhita. It is used in a patient of Katigraha in the form of Kati Basti, Patra Pinda Swedana & Upanaha Swedana along with internal medicine (Rasarajeshwar Rasa). The case was assessed on criteria like the ODI scale, VAS score, Straight leg raise test, Lasegue Test, and Bragard's Test. This treatment showed a very much effect in this patient. After 14 days the patient was assessed & it was seen that the patient got symptomatic relief & patient was able to walk up to 2 km without any pain.

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Ayurveda; Kati Basti; Katigraha; Low back pain; Lumbar Spondylosis; Patra Pinda Swedana; Upanaha Sweda

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The current educational environment is experiencing a notable change in instructional and learning methods, with the Flipped Classroom Model garnering growing recognition as a potentially effective strategy to improve students' scholastic performance. The present study investigates the effects of adopting the Flipped Classroom Model on the scholastic achievement of upper-level secondary students in the domain of economics. Using an experimental pre-test post-test design, the study aims to examine the potential impact of this novel instructional approach on enhancing students' academic achievements.A homogeneous group of senior secondary students is exposed to both conventional classroom instruction and the Flipped Classroom Model throughout a specified period of instruction. Pre-test and post-test assessments are administered in order to evaluate pupils' understanding and recall of economic principles. The study examines the data, employing statistical techniques to compare the scholastic performance of pupils across different instructional methodologies.

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Flipped Classroom, Academic Achievement, Economics, Senior Secondary Students

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India is a party to the International Convention on the Rights of the Child of 1989. All human rights except perhaps the political rights that apply to an adult human must apply to a child as well, as they are essential for the development of all human beings. The unique feature of the rights of the child is that a child may not necessarily understand the meaning and importance of his/her rights, hence he/she depends entirely on his family and society for the enjoyment of all the benefits in society. Ensuring justice and rights of the child is thus the special responsibility of the family, the society and the state. In the case of destitute children they don't have family support to uphold their human rights; hence it is the responsibility of the society, non-governmental organizations and state to ensure juvenile justice of destitute children.

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CONDITION OF DESTITUTE CHILDREN IN KERALA: STUDY FROM A SOCIAL JUSTICE PERSPECTIVE

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This paper is an attempt to highlight the trend, patterns of domestic tourist visits and growth, prospect, challenges of tourism industry in Karnataka. Karnataka as one of the best tourist destinations in India. It has more opportunities for Pilgrimage tourism, medical tourism, rural tourism, heritage tourism etc. The state is not only exploring its historical and cultural heritage but also experiencing the natural beauty that abounds. This state tourism industry is a prominent player in India's domestic tourism, with a significant number of domestic tourist visits and it has the potential to yield significant positive economic impacts on a nations GDP, employment opportunities, national income and international trade. This paper seeks to explore the fund allocation and utilization for promotion and detailed analysis on different aspects of tourism in Karnataka.

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Domestic Tourist Visits, Pilgrimage, National Income, Fund Allocation, Karnataka Tourism

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Digital technologies contribute to the transformation of large parts of our economy and society. The impact of digital innovation on entrepreneurship and its outcomes within diverse sociopolitical contexts. Results show that improved innovation output scores and the ability to absorb innovative models are associated with higher GDP growth rates. Technological changes account for 35-40% of the dynamics, while regional factors account for 40%. Internet usage has led to decreased operational costs, increased sales, and better customer interaction for 88% of companies, enabling 83% to expand their markets and 78% to engage more effectively with suppliers. Digitalization fosters entrepreneurship expansion into new markets, creating a positive feedback loop between the two variables. Additionally, the study found that government roles have a more significant influence on entrepreneurship sustainability compared to electronic readiness. Digital technologies have been shown to enhance firm productivity, particularly in manufacturing and intensive industries. There is no doubt that digital technologies are spawning ongoing innovation across most if not all sectors of the economy and society. In this essay, we take stock of the characteristics of digital technologies that give rise to this new reality and introduce the papers in this special issue. In addition, we also highlight the unprecedent opportunities that digital innovation provides to study innovation processes more generally. Overall, we conclude that the speed, observability, and relative ease in investigating relationships between multiple analytical levels, mean that digital innovation is both a 'model of' that also provides a 'model for' the study of innovation processes more broadly in non-digital and hybrid contexts.

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Entrepreneurship, Non-Digital, Digital Technologies, Spawning

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Breast cancer in men is rare, and it accounts for about 1% of all malignant breast neoplasm cases. The estimated incidence is 1 case for each 1,00,000 men. Among the histologic types, invasive ductal carcinoma is the most prevalent breast cancer in males. Male breast cancer has unimodal age-frequency distribution with a peak incidence at 71 years old. Conversely, female breast cancer has a bimodal age-frequency distribution with early-onset and late-onset peak incidences at 52 and 72 years old, respectively. Genetic research on men has revealed that the majority of hereditary breast cancers are caused solely by germline BRCA2 mutations. Here, we present a rare case of 70 year old male patient diagnosed with ductal carcinoma of right breast. We report this case because of its rarity.

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Male breast cancer, Ductal carcinoma

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In an era where technology is continually shaping our interactions with the world, "EmoTune" emerges as an innovation at the crossroads of music and artificial intelligence. This project represents a step in the evolution of human-computer interaction, introducing an extraordinary chatbot system capable of crafting music that transcends language barriers and connects deeply with human emotions. With a user-friendly interface designed to accept real-time text, video, audio, and image inputs, it is poised to redefine the way we experience and create music. At its core, it takes inspiration from the universal language of music and blends it with the power of advanced emotion and gender recognition technology. It possesses the remarkable ability to generate English lyrics for songs in any language, opening the doors to a world of cross-cultural musical storytelling. As users engage with the chatbot, their emotions are detected and analyzed in real time, ensuring that the music created is not just linguistically accurate but also emotionally resonant. This empathetic connection between technology and emotion transforms It into a personalized musical companion, capable of crafting melodies that mirror the user's feelings and preferences. Furthermore, it pays homage to the rich heritage of music by delving into the timeless emotions of classic songs. It extends its creative reach to evoke the nostalgia associated with old songs, acknowledging the unique emotional journeys of older generations. In doing so, it breathes new life into these cherished melodies, offering users an opportunity to revisit and rediscover the sentiments of the past. In the ever-evolving landscape of artificial intelligence, ethical considerations remain paramount. It seeks to enrich the human-computer interface by offering a deeply personal and culturally diverse musical experience, where emotions and melodies converge to inspire and uplift. "EmoTune: Emotion and Gender-Aware Music Generation Chatbot" is poised to become a transformative force, ushering in a new era of harmonious humantechnology interaction.

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Music generation, Chatbot, Emotion, Gender, Audio, Video, Text.

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Families are the building blocks of our society. They are the places where people share their resources, care for each other, and nurture the next generation. Families often play a crucial role in our identity and sense of belonging. The economic development of a nation or a world depends on each family that belongs to it. For the better prosperity of each family, it is necessary to work hard for every member of that family. There is no gender inequality in any way, especially from an economic point of view. However, married life has a gendered impact on women's and men's labor market outcomes, such as their labor force participation and the type of jobs that they hold, etc. It is through this study that we can understand the economic gap in a family, the type of occupation, the challenges that married women face, and whether there is any gender inequality in the family. The study was conducted with special reference to Changanacherry municipality of Kottayam, Kerala. The study only includes families that are solely dependent on the income of one spouse or both spouses and does not include the income of other members.

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Key words: labour force participation; gender gap; family income

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