Volume 13 | Issue 1

 Abstract

Cross-border mergers and acquisitions (M&A) have become a significant and complex aspect of the global corporate environment, leading to the transformation of sectors and economies on a global scale. This research study aims to explore the complex domain of cross-border M&A, with the objective of providing a comprehensive understanding of the obstacles, prospects, and dynamics that shape these transactions. The globalisation of markets and strategic goals have driven cross-border M&A. This study examines valuation, negotiation, due diligence, regulatory compliance, and post-merger integration. It emphasises cultural, legal, and economic differences in international dealings. This research examines transnational firms' cross-border M&A problems. The study examines how cross-border M&A affects shareholder value and corporate performance. It investigates whether such transactions create synergy or destroy value. It also examines long-term financial and operational effects for the acquiring and target firms. This study also examines cross-border M&A regulations. It examines how foreign legislation and foreign investment rules affect transnational deal-making. This study primarily examines the legislation of India and also compares it with USA and UK. This research illuminates the complexity of cross-border M&A and provides a path for stakeholders to negotiate the complications. Cross-border mergers and acquisitions need careful preparation, cultural awareness, and adaptability.

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Cross-Border Merger & Acquisition, Globalization, International Trade Agreements, Foreign Investment Rules, Post-merger Integration.

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Abstract: Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning (HVAC) systems are critical for maintaining indoor comfort in residential, commercial, and industrial spaces. However, these systems are also a major contributor to energy consumption and, subsequently, environmental impact. Over the past few decades, significant advancements have been made in energy-saving technologies for HVAC systems. This review explores the primary energy-saving technologies and innovations that have been researched in HVAC systems. This article first examines the operational processes and energy consumption factors of HVAC systems, followed by a detailed identification and listing of existing energy-saving methods. These methods include the application of energy-saving technologies, advanced energy-efficient techniques, and intelligent energy-saving systems.HVAC systems can be categorized into three main types of energy-saving technologies: passive energy-saving technologies, active energy-saving technologies, and intelligent energy-saving technologies. Each of these approaches plays a distinct role in optimizing energy efficiency and reducing overall energy consumption in HVAC operations

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HVAC; energy saving technology;energy efficiency; building energy consumption; smart technology IoT; emission reduction.

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The main focus of the present study is to examine the effect of age and gender on the level of job satisfaction of constituent and affiliated college teachers. The study was conducted on a randomly selected sample of 200 teachers from different constituent and 200 from affiliated colleges of Jai Prakash University, Chapra, Bihar. The Minnesota Satisfaction Questionnaire (MSQ), developed by David J. Weiss et al. (1967), was applied to assess the level of job satisfaction of teachers. The obtained data were analysed with suitable statistical methods. The results showed that teachers of constituent and affiliated colleges significantly differ in their job satisfaction. The impact of age and gender was not found on job satisfaction in teachers of constituent and affiliated colleges, as they were not found to differ significantly along age groups and gender.

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Keywords: Age, Gender, Job satisfaction, Constituent college teachers, Affiliated college teachers.

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The increasing availability of Artificial Intelligence and related tools and technologies has made it possible to use AI in various domains of life. The field of education is also witnessing an increasing use of AI; however, its scope and related challenges remain unclear. In the current paper, we, by using previous empirical and theoretical studies, provided an overview of the use of AI in the education field, its related challenges, and future opportunities. Accordingly, we noted that AI is being used in the Education field as evidenced by global initiatives such as UNESCO. We also noted that AI applications in the education field include enabling the preparation of content, assignments, automated grading, and assistance to students. The benefits of AI in education include greater flexibility in terms of time and space and a changing role of the tutor as a facilitator. We also discussed key challenges including ethical issues such as data privacy, lack of inclusion and equity for students of all backgrounds, and lack of human touch. Based on these themes we concluded that AI's role in education will increase in the future, but the challenges also need to be addressed to fully unlock the benefits of AI in the education field.

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Artificial Intelligence; Education; Technology; Learners

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The present study aimed to assess the psychological well-being of adolescent in relation to home environment in selected urban and rural areas. A comparative study was conducted among adolescent in selected urban and rural areas. Data were collected by using Non probability Convenience sampling technique. The conceptual framework selected for this study for this study was based on Iceberg proposed by Ernest Hemingway (1976).

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Psychological well-being, Home environment, Adolescent.

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Criminal activities involve the use of technology and seek to take advantage of the weaknesses of technology systems, thus posing a significant risk to people and companies globally. This paper relies on cross-sectional survey data to examine the reasons, competencies, and resources for cybercrime. It has been found that financial insecurity and superior structures such as anonymity and poor security enforcement are the primary causes of cybercrime. Many of them learn hacking independently with the help of tutors and character-augmented features, including deception and daring. Using survey results and previous research, this paper outlines practical recommendations for stopping cybercrime and measures such as ethical education for users, the adaptation of legislation, and systemic-level interventions.

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Cybercrime motivations, Digital literacy programs, Cybersecurity enforcement, Skill acquisition pathways, Economic factors in cybercrime

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The Algorithm Visualizer is an interactive educational tool developed to simplify the understanding of algorithms by providing dynamic, real time visualizations. Developed using Python libraries Tkinter for GUI and Pygame for animations, the tool supports visualization of sorting, searching, and algorithms. It bridges the gap between theoretical learning and practical implementation, enabling users to observe each step of an algorithm in action. Features such as customization of input, control over animation speed, and comparative analysis of algorithm efficiency make this tool particularly valuable for students, educators, and programming enthusiasts. This paper discusses the architecture, features, and educational impact of the Algorithm Visualizer.

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Algorithm Visualization, Tkinter, Pygame, Educational Tool, Real Time Interaction

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Abstract: This research paper examines India's New Education Policy (NEP) 2020, a comprehensive framework aimed at transforming the country's educational landscape. The study analyzes the policy's key features, implementation challenges, and its potential impact on India's education system. Through comparative analysis with traditional educational models and examination of contemporary educational needs, this paper evaluates the NEP's capacity to create an inclusive, innovative, and globally competitive education system.

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Keywords: Inclusive, Innovative, comprehensive, Transformative, Vision

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The gradual depletion and burning of fossil fuels have brought huge pollution to the global ecological environment. Environmental governance and energy crisis have become double challenges faced by governments of many countries in the world. This paper explores the application of electrolysis water hydrogen production technology in the field of renewable energy power generation, in order to better promote the application and development of high temperature solid oxide electrolysis (TSOE) technology in the field of power generation. By investigating the changes in my country's hydrogen energy production and demand, this paper concludes that the average annual growth rate of my country's hydrogen production has continued to increase in recent years, and my country's hydrogen demand reached 19.8 million tons in 2018. It is estimated that by 2030, my country's hydrogen demand will reach 35 million tons, with a compound annual growth rate of 5.76%. Finally, when selecting large-scale hydrogen production technology from the high-TSOE hydrogen production technology in the field of power generation, the key problems to be solved and the renewable energy storage aspect are prospected for the application prospect of the electrolysis water hydrogen production technology in the field of power generation

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Electrolysis of Water to Produce Hydrogen, Renewable Energy, Power Generation, High Temperature Solid Oxide Electrolysis, hydrogen production

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This article examines the intricate relationship between counterfeiting and unfair competition, delineating the convergences and divergences of these legal concepts. Through a comparative analysis of European Union and Chinese legal frameworks, it offers recommendations for bolstering the legal protections afforded to businesses, considering the evolving technological landscape and the challenges presented by e-commerce.

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Counterfeiting, unfair competition, intellectual property, e-commerce, globalization, innovation, business protection, cross-border e-commerce, jurisprudence, counterfeit products.

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India has the single largest tribal population in the world which lives in about 15 percent of the country's area, in various ecological and geo-climatic conditions ranging from plains to hills and inaccessible areas. Broadly, the Scheduled Tribes inhabit in two distinct geographical areas - Central India and North - East India. The present article analyzes the impact of Science and Research technology on development and support to people belonging to Scheduled Tribes and other traditional Scheduled Tribes through schemes on education, infrastructure, and livelihood to fill in for critical gaps and has been taking various steps for facilitating livelihood for tribal populations in different sectors.

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Triable Research institute, & Science and Research technology.

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Over the past few decades, the burden of mental diseases has increased. It has led to rising cases of psychiatric problems in people of various age groups. Postpartum depression is a problem that affects women after giving birth. Psychiatric postpartum depression affects mothers shortly after giving birth to a child. Various risk factors are responsible for postpartum depression. Many women experience emotional symptoms during postpartum four to six weeks after delivery. Symptoms experienced in postpartum depression are mood lability, sadness, dysphoria, emotional confusion, and tearfulness. According to studies, the prevalence of PPD in India ranges from 4% to 48.5%. The exact cause of PPD is unclear; however, hormonal fluctuations during pregnancy and childbirth, genetic susceptibility, birth trauma as well as psychosocial and demographic factors may serve as potential risk factors. If women's get instance support to her family, especially her husband then she sure overcome this issue.

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PPD, Psychiatric, dysphoria, emotional confusion

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Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and metabolic syndrome (MetS) are two prevalent conditions that frequently co-occur, exacerbating patient morbidity. This review explores factors influencing the prevalence of COPD in MetS patients, C-reactive protein (CRP) levels, and lymphocyte counts. Both conditions are characterized by systemic inflammation, with elevated CRP levels commonly seen in COPD patients with MetS. Inflammatory mediators such as adipokines and cytokines from visceral fat and insulin resistance contribute to this heightened inflammatory state. COPD patients with MetS also experience altered immune function, often reflected in reduced lymphocyte counts, influenced by corticosteroid treatment and chronic inflammation. Prevalence of COPD in MetS is influenced by common risk factors including obesity, smoking, aging, and physical inactivity, which simultaneously promote both conditions. The presence of comorbidities, such as cardiovascular disease, further complicates clinical outcomes. Lifestyle factors, particularly diet and exercise, play critical roles in modulating inflammation and immune function, potentially lowering CRP levels and improving lymphocyte counts. Effective management of COPD and MetS involves controlling inflammation, optimizing medication regimens, and promoting lifestyle changes like smoking cessation, physical activity, and weight management. Understanding these interconnections is key to improving patient outcomes and managing the dual burden of COPD and MetS.

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Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), Metabolic Syndrome (MetS), C-reactive Protein (CRP), Lymphocyte Counts, Inflammation

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Abstract Solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) have emerged as promising candidates for efficient and environmentally friendly energy conversion technologies. Their high energy conversion efficiency and fuel flexibility make them particularly attractive for various applications, ranging from stationary power generation to portable electronic devices. Recently, research has focused on utilizing nanostructured materials to enhance the performance of SOFCs. This comprehensive review summarizes the latest advancements in the design, fabrication, and characterization of nanostructured materials integrated in SOFC. The review begins by elucidating the fundamental principles underlying SOFC operation, emphasizing the critical role of electrode materials, electrolytes, and interfacial interactions in overall cell performance, and the importance of nanostructured materials in addressing key challenges. It provides an in-depth analysis of various types of nanostructures, highlighting their roles in improving the electrochemical performance, stability, and durability of SOFCs. Furthermore, this review delves into the fabrication techniques that enable precise control over nanostructure morphology, composition, and architecture. The influence of nanoscale effects on ionic and electronic transport within the electrolyte and electrodes is thoroughly explored, shedding light on the mechanisms behind enhanced performance. By providing a comprehensive overview of the current state of research on nanostructured materials for SOFCs, this review aims to guide researchers, engineers, and policymakers toward the development of high-performance, cost-effective, and sustainable energy conversion systems.

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Keywords: SOFC; nanostructures; nanomaterials; electrochemistry; energy conversion; interfacial reactions; durability

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Abstract: Microwave irradiation has significantly affected the field of organic synthesis and has, emerged as a valuable methodology for facilitating rapid and efficient chemical transformations. In this study, we investigated the oxidation of cyclohexanamine by di-tertiary-butyl chromate (TBC) under microwave irradiation in various organic solvents, including tetrahydrofuran (THF), 1,4-dioxane, and dichloromethane (DCM). The reaction mixtures were prepared by combining the substrate solution with TBC in appropriate ratios, followed by stirring and microwave irradiation for specific durations. The resulting products were characterized using a combination of chemical and instrumental techniques, including elemental analysis, Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, Differential Thermal Analysis (DTA), Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA), and mass loss patterns. Our findings demonstrate that this microwave-assisted approach aligns with the principles of green chemistry and offers a sustainable and efficient route for cyclohexanamine oxidation.

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Di-tertiary-butyl chromate (TBC), Cyclohexanamine, Tetrahydrofuran, Dichloro Methane (DCM), Microwave heating

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Clinicians have been interested in unilocular radiolucencies for decades. Clinical and radiological features are used to diagnose these disorders since clinical presentation alone is insufficient. Despite the enormous advancements in imaging, there is still a chance that a novice clinician may frequently misdiagnose this entity. Therefore, having a solid understanding of the different unilocular radiolucencies is crucial for the physician. In these situations, making good use of diagnostic tools and paying close attention can undoubtedly benefit in making an accurate diagnosis and providing high-quality care.

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Unilocular, impacted teeth, Odontogenic.

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The role of textile industry in India's modern industrialization is particularly significant. Textile industry was the most important form of textile industry. With the dominance of European industrialists in the jute, tea, and coal industries, and despite the opposition of the capitalists, Indian cotton was able to establish its own place in the world market. However, since the Mughal era, Indian fine textiles had a world-class reputation. The spinning mill, which was established in 1838 AD at Ghushuri in Howrah district, was soon closed due to debt. Weaving began in India in 1853 AD with the establishment of the first loom under the leadership of Kwamji Nanabhai Davar in Bombay. This Bombay spinning mill emerged as a pioneer of the textile industry and arguably the shining star of modern textile production. Since then communities like Parsis, Gujarati and Bohra Muslims entered the modern factories of Karpus Tattva and textile industry. By 1875 AD, 48 cloth mills were established in places like Nagpur, Ahmedabad, Sholapur etc. and the cotton textile industry expanded tremendously and remained unabated till 1914 AD. These mills had about 10,000 looms and 10 lakh spinning spindles. However, during the American Civil War, the cotton industry experienced a period of difficulty due to a sharp increase in the price of cotton, but after the end of the Civil War, it revived again in the centers of Indian cotton industry, i.e., the industry expanded again. More than 53,000 people were then employed in this industry.

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Cotton, Industry , Production, Textile , India, Factory, Economic, Growth

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Pemphigus is a rare autoimmune disease characterized by blistering of the skin and mucous membranes, with an incidence of 0.1-0.5 per 100,000 individuals worldwide. The disease is most prevalent in Ashkenazi Jews due to specific HLA class II gene associations. Pemphigus encompasses several subtypes, including pemphigus vulgaris, pemphigus foliaceus, pemphigus vegetans, paraneoplastic pemphigus, bullous pemphigoid, and mucous membrane pemphigoid, each with distinct clinical and histological features. The pathogenesis typically involves autoantibodies targeting desmosomal proteins, leading to acantholysis and blister formation. Clinical manifestations often begin with oral lesions, progressing to skin blistering, and may involve significant morbidity and mortality if not diagnosed and treated promptly. Current treatments primarily focus on immunosuppressive therapies, including corticosteroids and monoclonal antibodies, tailored to individual patient needs and disease severity. Understanding the pathogenesis, clinical presentation, and evolving therapeutic strategies is essential for effective management of pemphigus and its variants.

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vesiculobullous, pemphigus, autoimmune disease

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This paper presents the overview of Fault Current Limiters, its evolution with timeline, types and alternate options. The study can help the user give more insight to various types and alternate options for selection of fault current limiter. The paper reveals that FCL is crucial for limiting fault current and enhancing power system stability, reliability and safety.

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Fault Current Limiters, Resistive FCL, Inductive FCL, Superconducting FCL, Solid State FCL, Hybrid FCL, power system stability

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With a growing number of businesses relying on modern cloud-based solutions to simplify how procurement and supply chain functions are accomplished, SAP Ariba Cloud Integration Gateway (CIG) is fast becoming an indispensable resource. In this article, we examine SAP Ariba CIG functionality and its advantages, specifically on what methods can be leveraged to integrate SAP Ariba CIG by switching from legacy middleware such as PI or PO. A detailed migration process is also mentioned in the book including with flow charts for the migration.

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SAP Ariba CIG, Procurement Integration, Cloud Middleware, Enterprise Integration, SAP ERP, SAP S/4HANA, Digital Transformation, Middleware Migration, Supply Chain Integration, Data Automation.

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